2022高考英语一轮复习Module1Europe学案必修3

Module1Europe一、背单词与词块(一)背阅读单词——会认就行(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)1．bootn． 长统靴；皮靴2．landmarkn. 标志性建筑3．galleryn. 美术馆；画廊4．symboln. 象征；符号5．sculpturen. 雕刻；泥塑6．birthplacen. 发源地7．ancientadj. 古代的8．parliamentn. 国会；议会9．regionn. 地区；区域(二)背重点单词——写对才行1．headn. 领袖；领导人2．facevt. 面向；面对3．rangen. 山脉4．projectn. 计划；项目；工程5．acrossprep. 横过；穿过6．featuren. 特点(三)背拓展单词——用准才行1．signvt.签署→signaturen．签字；署名2．representv．代表→representativen．代表3．architectn．建筑师→architecture_n．建筑学，建筑风格4．opposevt.反对→oppositeprep.在……对面adj.相反的5．continentn．大陆；大洲→continental_adj.大陆的；大洲的6．civilise/civilizev．使文明，教化→civilisation/civilizationn．文明7．geographyn．地理→geographicaladj.地理的→geographern．地理学家8．locatevt.使坐落于vi.定位；定居→locatedadj.位于→locationn．地方；地点；位置9．governvt.统治；治理→government_n．政府→governorn．统治者；管辖者10．producen．产品；农产品→producern．生产商→productn．产品；制品→productionn．生产；产量11．situatevt.使位于；使处于→situationn．形势；情况；位置→situatedadj.坐落(某处)的；位于(某处)的12．agreev．同意；赞成→agreementn．协议；契约→disagreev．不同意；不一致→disagreement_n．不同意；分歧[语境活用]1．Theproducerthinksthattheproductionoftheagriculturalproductneedstobeimproved.(produce)2．Inademocraticandprogressivegovernment,_thegovernorsalwaysgoverntheirpeopleinmoreseverelegalmeans.(govern)3．Afewpeopleagreed_totheplanofalabbuilding,whilemostpeopledisagreed;_asaresult,noagreementwasmadefinally.(agree)4．Themitteemembersopposedthebillandgavesomeoppositeideas.(oppose)5．Ournewofficeislocatedwithinthecentreofthetown,andthe_locationisconvenientforme.(locate)(四)背高频单词——先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行1．acrossprep.横过；穿过；在……对面；在……各处；遍及adv.从一边到另一边；宽；在对面背词条用法acrossfrom在……对面getacross(to)使被理解；向……讲清楚eacross(偶然)遇见；发现；被理解背写作佳句①Turnrightatthecrossing,andyoucanseeabiglibraryacrossfromthebank.在十字路口右转，你会看到银行对面有一个大图书馆。②Thecampaignistryingtogetthemessageacrosstoyoungpeoplethatdrugsaredangerous.这场运动试图让年轻人明白毒品是危险的。③TheGreatWallwindsitswayfromwesttoeast,acrossthedesert,overthemountains,throughthevalleys,tillatlastitreachesthesea.长城从西向东跨过沙漠，越过高山，穿越山谷，直至最后到达大海。2．rangen．山脉；幅度；范围；种类v.排列；(在一定范围内)变化，变动背词条用法(1)in/withinrange(ofsth.)在……范围内beyond/outofrange(ofsth.)在……范围外awiderangeof...范围广泛的；各种各样的……(2)rangefrom...to...在……范围内变动rangebetween...and...在……和……范围内变动背写作佳句①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Moreover,asaChinesepaintinglover,Iknowawiderangeofartworks.而且，作为一个中国画爱好者，我知道各种各样的艺术作品。②Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,rangingfrombutterfliestoelephants.国家公园里有大量的野生动物，从蝴蝶到大象应有尽有。③Today'stemperaturerangesbetweentenandthirtydegrees.今天的气温在十到三十度之间。(五)背短语词块——表达出彩，需多积词块才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)单元短语再认再现1．because_of_ 因为；由于2．of_all_time 有史以来；始终3．be_known_as 作为……而出名/闻名4．in_terms_of 据……；依照……5．work_on 从事；努力做6．ever_since 自从……一直7．on_the_other_hand 另一方面；反过来说8．little_by_little 一点点地；逐渐地eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重点短语拓展用活1．intermsof据……；依照……；就……而言背相关短语inthelong/shortterm就长远/短期来看beongood/badtermswithsb.与某人关系好/不好etotermswith勉强接受；向……让步背写作佳句①Chinaisknowntohavechangedgreatlyintermsofitsculturalvaluesoverthepastfewyears.众所周知，在过去的几年中，中国的文化价值观发生了巨大的变化。②Theagreementshouldhaveverypositiveresultsinthelongterm.从长远来看，这个协议将会产生非常积极的影响。2．ontheotherhand另一方面；反过来说背相关短语(1)first(ly)...;second(ly)...第一……；第二……(2)foronething...;foranother...首先；其次(3)ontheonehand...;ontheotherhand...一方面……；另一方面……背写作佳句①Ontheotherhand,you'dbetterbringsomelittlegifts,suchasaspecialfoodordrinkfromyourcountry.另一方面，你最好带些小礼物，比如来自你的国家的特色食物或饮料。②(2020·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)Secondly,ifyoucouldpleasegiveussomedirectiononouractinganduseoftone？其次，您是否可以对我们的表演和语气的运用给一些指导呢？③(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Foranother,Icanmakemorefriends,andenrichmylifeduringthesummervacation.其次，我可以交到更多的朋友，丰富我的暑假生活。二、背佳句与佳作(一)背写作佳句——多“输入”才能巧“输出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材内句式举一反三1．BetweenFranceandSpainisanothermountainrange—thePyrenees.(表示地点的介词短语位于句首，需用完全倒装结构)在法国和西班牙之间是另一座山脉——比利牛斯山脉。佳句①Inthepicture,betweentwoclosely­locatedbuildingsgrowsabigtree.在这幅图中，在两座距离很近的建筑物之间长着一棵大树。佳句②(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ写作)Amongthemostoftheparticipantswerestudentsandteachingstaff.参与者中大多数是学生和教师。InalecturehallofauniversityinEnglandsitsaprofessor.在英格兰一所大学的报告厅里坐着一位教授。佳句③2．TheexpandedEuropeanUnionhasapopulationofmorethanhalfabillionpeople,twiceasbigasthepopulationoftheUnitedStates.(“倍数＋as＋adj./adv.的原级＋as...”结构)扩展后的欧盟人口超过5亿，是美国人口的两倍。佳句①Thefactoryproducedtwiceasmanycarsasthatinthepreciousyear.这家工厂生产的汽车是上一年的两倍。佳句②ItisreportedthattheUnitedStatesusestwiceasmuchenergyasthewholeofEurope.据报道，美国消耗的能源是整个欧洲的两倍。佳句③Thisdictionaryisatleastthreetimesasthickasthatyouborrowedfromthelibrary.这本词典的厚度至少是你从图书馆借的那本的三倍。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主题佳句熟读成诵1．Builtinthe16thcentury,thecastlehaswitnessedtoomuchingandgoinginhistory.建于16世纪，这座城堡见证了太多的历史沉浮。2．Asweallknow,theEiffelTower,whichissituatedinParis,isthefamoussymbolofParis,thecapitalofFrance.众所周知，埃菲尔铁塔坐落于法国首都巴黎，是巴黎的著名标志。3．AmongalltheEuropeancities,IloveParismost.Parisisknownastheworldcenterofcultureandfashion.在所有欧洲城市中，我最喜欢巴黎。巴黎以世界文化和时尚中心而闻名。(二)背满分作文——好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”本辑学点——建议信(二)[题目要求]假定你是李华，你的朋友Ben已通过北京大学为外籍学生设定的“一带一路”奖学金笔试。他就接下来的面试环节向你寻求建议，请你给他回一封电子邮件。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：“一带一路”奖学金the“BeltandRoad”scholarship笔试writtentest[背范文]DearBen，I'mmorethandelightedtohearthatyouhavegotthroughthewrittentestwhenapplyingforthe“BeltandRoad”scholarship.Congratulations!Hereissomeadviceonyouringinterview.Firstly,writinga5­minuteself­introductionisamust­dopreparation,inwhichyourstrengthsandpetencesettingyouapartfromothersshouldbehighlighted.Secondly,wearingabroadandsinceresmilewilldefinitelyhelpyouleaveafavorableimpressionontheinterviewers.Lastbutnotleast,makesureyouhavesomeofyourownquestionstoaskaswellaspreparingfortheinterviewers'questions.Chancesfavorapreparedmind.Onlyifyoumakeeveryeffortwillyoubringoutthebestinyouandoutshinetherestoftheapplicants.Lookforwardtogoodnewsaboutyou.Yours，LiHua[学亮点]1．学高级表达(1)使用高级词汇和语块，如：one'singinterview,setsb.apartfromothers,highlight,wearabroadandsinceresmile,leaveafavorableimpressionon,aswellas等。(2)准确运用高级句式结构，如状语从句的省略whenapplyingfor...；非限制性定语从句inwhichyourstrengthsandpetence...；现在分词短语作定语settingyouapartfromothers；动名词短语作主语wearingabroadandsinceresmile；倒装句Onlyifyoumakeeveryeffortwillyou...等。(3)恰当运用谚语Chancesfavorapreparedmind.这体现了考生过硬的语言功底与灵活的语言运用能力。2．学精彩结尾结尾先用一句谚语开头，接着用一个具有强调作用的倒装句“Onlyifyoumakeeveryeffortwillyou...”激励朋友Ben努力应试。最后用一句“Lookforwardtogoodnewsaboutyou.”表达了对好消息的期待，同时，这也是一种愿望的表达方式。3．学过渡衔接考生恰当使用了firstly,secondly,lastbutnotleast等衔接词和过渡句Hereissomeadviceonyouringinterview.使文章富有条理性，语意连贯，上下文衔接自然。4．防微点失分考生容易把“Hereissomeadviceonyouringinterview.”中的advice误用成advices，或把“Secondly,wearingabroadandsinceresmilewilldefinitelyhelpyou...”中的wearing因不注意非谓语动词作主语而错误地使用了谓语动词形式wear，从而导致失分。学案(一)重点单词的查漏补缺——打牢必备知识[全面练——练清易错微点]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Hersculpture(雕塑)willbeonshowatthemuseumuntiltheendofthismonth.2．OnTuesdaythecountry'sparliament(议会)votedtoestablishitsownarmy.3．Thisisawell­knownstoryfromancient_(古代的)Chineseidiom.4．I'mwritingtoobtainsomedetailedinformationabouttheproject(项目)．5．Asthebirthplace(发源地)ofdragonboatraces,DongtingLakeisveryfamousinChineseculture.6．Foodproduced(生产)locallyisbelievedtobefresherthanthattransportedalongdistancefromotherregions.Ⅱ.根据语境写出加黑部分的汉语意思1．IthoughtIwouldsharewithyoutheprinciplesthatgovernmylife._控制；管理2．ThisisnottypicalofChinese,butisafeatureoftheThailanguage.特点3．ShanghaiScienceandTechnologyMuseumisthecity'snewlandmark.标志性建筑4．TheNationalGalleryistheBritishnationalartmuseumbuiltonthenorthsideofTrafalgarinLondon.美术馆5．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Orangetreesaremorethandecoration;theyareasymbolofgoodfortuneandwealth.象征6．(熟词生义)(2020·浙江高考)Afewminuteslater,thebearheadedbacktoourcamp.朝……走去7．(熟词生义)Youmaywellbeaskedtoproduceyourpassportwhenyoudotrytomakeanexchange.出示8．(熟词生义)(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Theglaciers(冰川)aredisappearing,changingthefaceofKilimanjaro.面貌Ⅲ.单句语法填空1.Thenewly­builtInformationCentreis_situated_(situate)atthesuburbofourcity.2．Halfofthestudentsexpressedtheiragreement(agree),whiletherestsaidno.3．Thecountriesareindependentandaregoverned(govern)indifferentways.4．TheUnitedKingdomisoffthenorthwestcoastofcontinental(continent)Europe.5．Thesmallvillage,whichislocated(locate)atthefootofthemountain,hasbeeaholidayresort.6.Humankindhastriedtoimproveitsstandardoflivingsincetheverybeginningofcivilisation(civilise)．7．Frommyperspective,thereisnodenyingthatConfuciusisthemostrepresentative_(represent)symbolofChineseculture.8.Theymaintainthattravellingcanhelpthemexpandtheirscopeofknowledge,especiallygeographical/geographic(geography)andhistoricallearning.名师点拨“一站清”(1)besituatedat意为“位于，坐落在”，相当于belocatedat。(2)civilisation和civilise是英式英语，对应美式写法的则是civilization,civilize。(3)geographical也可以写作geographic,二者无意义差别。[重点练——深化高频考点]1．across[明其义]prep.横过；穿过；在……对面；在……各处；遍及adv.从一边到另一边；宽；在对面_[通其用](1)选词填空(cross,across,through)①Theyaretryingtogothroughtheforest.②Allofasudden,agoodideaflashedacross_mymind.③Crossthebridge,andyouwillseeabigbuilding.(2)补全句子④Ihavetriedto_get_my_point_across.我已尽力让我的观点清晰明了。⑤Whatever_difficulties_we_e_across,_hedoesn'thesitatetoetoouraid.不管我们遇到什么困难，他都会毫不犹豫地来帮助我们。[解其困]cross,across,throughcross作动词时，意为“横过，穿过”，强调从物体表面的一边到另一边across是介词，指从物体表面的一边到另一边through是介词，强调从物体内部穿过2．range[明其义]n．山脉；幅度；范围；种类v.排列；(在一定范围内)变化，变动[通其用](1)单句语法填空①Althoughherdescriptionsoundedwonderful,thepricewas_beyondourrange,sowedeclined.②Itcoversawidevarietyofculturalactivities,ranging(range)fromstudyingChinesedailyexpressionstoattendingsomelecturesonChinesehistoryandtraditionalculture.(2)补全句子③(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)Withthestadiumsetup，wecanhold_a_wide_range_of_sports_events,_ofwhichbasketball,footballaswellasrunningpetitionenjoygreatpopularity.随着体育场的建成，我们可以举办各种各样的体育赛事，其中篮球、足球和跑步比赛非常受欢迎。3．opposite[明其义]prep.在……对面adj.对面的；相反的；对立的adv.在对面n．对立面[通其用](1)单句语法填空①Thelibraryisoppositetothefirstteachingbuilding.②Heisstronglyopposedtocloning(clone)humanbeings.③IloveanimalsandIagreewiththosewhoopposewearing(wear)furproducts.(2)句式升级(用倒装句式升级)④Theartcenterisoppositetothelecturehall.→Opposite_to_the_lecture_hall_is_the_art_center.[解其困]beopposedto中的to是介词，后须接名词或动名词。学案(二)词块、句式的活学活用——强化关键能力[词块的验收盘点]Ⅰ.词块点点练——选词填空becauseof，alltime，beknownas，intermsof，workon，eversince，ontheotherhand，littlebylittle1.ThefamilysettledinNewYorkin1970andhaslivedthere_ever_since.2．Itissuchadifficultprojectthateveryoneofusworks_onitwithgreatcare.3．Asiswellknown,Edisonwasoneofthegreatestscientistsof_all_time.4.In_terms_of_workingexperienceandability,IbelieveTomisequaltothisjob.5.Thebossisaniceperson,buton_the_other_handhedemandstoomuchofhispeople.6．Davidsaidthatitwas_because_ofhisstronginterestinliteraturethathechosethecourse.7．AtfirstJohnmadepoorprogressinEnglish,butlittle_by_littlehebecamethebeststudentintheclass.8．Englishis_known_asaworldlanguage,regularlyusedbymanynationswhoseEnglishisnottheirfirstlanguage.名师点拨“一站清”(1)eversince相当于since，二者都可以放在句末。(2)intermsof在意义上相当于accordingto,其中term常用复数形式。(3)ontheotherhand常与ontheonehand一起使用。ontheonehand中的the可以省略，而ontheotherhand中的the不能省略。另外，ontheotherhand可以单独使用。Ⅱ.易错对对碰——辨析比较1.ontheotherhandVSonthecontrary比较①It'snotroubleatall;on_the_contrary,_itwillbeagreatpleasuretohelpyou.②Ontheonehandthehotelisnearthesea,buton_the_other_handitcostsalot.辨清(1)ontheotherhand表示“另一方面”，它常与ontheonehand连用，用以引出不同的，尤指对立的观点、思想等。(2)onthecontrary表示“相反地”，表示与原文的叙述相对立，它可以单独使用。2．alltimeVSallthetime比较①Mozartwasoneofthesupremedramaticgeniusesofall_time.②Westayedathomeall_the_timeintheeveningwhenwelivedinthecountryside.辨清(1)alltime多用于做某种事情所花费的时间。(2)allthetime多用于在某一段时间内一直、始终在做某事。[句式的验收盘点]介词短语置于句首的倒装句式[通其用]补全句子①Betweenthetworowsoftrees_stands/is_the_teaching_building.在两排树之间是教学楼。②Here_are_some_suggestionstohelpyoulearnEnglishwell.这里有一些帮助你学好英语的建议。③Throughthewindowcame_in_the_sweet_music.从窗户飘进来美妙的音乐。[解其困](1)表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。(2)代词such置于句首，且在句中作表语时，句子用完全倒装。(3)out,in,down,up,away,here,now,then,there等表示方位、地点和时间的副词置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。(4)作表语的形容词、分词短语提到系动词前面时，句子也用完全倒装，即“形容词/分词＋系动词＋主语”结构。学案(三)高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养2015湖北高考·阅读理解C篇——对接课标主题：主要国家地理概况(一)精读真题——拓展语言能力(语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法)[1]Hilversumisamedium­sizedcitybetweenthemajorcitiesofAmsterdamandUtrechtintheGooiareaofNorthHolland,theNetherlands.eq\o(Unlikemostofthe,\s\do4(1))Netherlands,Hilversumisactuallyinahilly①areawiththesoilmostlyconsistingofsand.OncecalledtheGardenofAmsterdam,itstillattractstravelerstoeovertocycleandwalkthroughthesurroundingforests.Theyvisititforarelaxingdayofffromtheurbanmadness.ForDutchpeople,Hilversumisallabouttextile(纺织)andmediaindustries,andmodernarchitecture.[2]Inhistory,Hilversumwaslargelyanagriculturalarea.Dailylifewasmarkedby②farming,sheepraisingandwoolproduction.ArailwaylinktoAmsterdamin1874attractedrichtradersfromAmsterdamtoHilversum.Theybuiltthemselveslargevillas(别墅)inthewoodedsurroundingsofthetown.OneofthefamiliesmovinginwastheBrenninkmeijers,currentlythewealthiestfamilyoftheNetherlands.Theymovedinafterbigsuccessinthetextileindustryandaidedasubstantial③textileindustryinHilversum.Butthetextileboomlastedonlyseveraldecades.Thelastfactoryclosedinthe1960s.[3]Thechangetoamediaeconomystartedin1920,whentheNederlandseSeintoestellenFabriek(NSF)establishedaradiofactoryinHilversum.Mostradiostationssettledinthelargevillasintheleafyareasofthetown.Televisiongaveanotherpushtothelocaleconomy.HilversumbecamethemediacapitaloftheNetherlands,andDutchtelevisionstarsmovedintotheleafyneighborhoodssurroundingthetown.[4]Intheearly1900s,modernarchitectsW.M.DudokandJ.DuikerplacedhundredsofremarkablebuildingsinHilversum.Thesemodernarchitecturalmasterpieces(杰作)aresomanythatHilversumalmostfeelslikeanopenairmuseum.Dudokaloneshapedmostof20thcenturyHilversumandapproximately75buildingsstillbearhisuniquecharacteristics.Hismasterpiece,HilversumTownHall,wasbuiltin1928－1931.Ithaswideinternationalfameandisincludedinmanyarchitecturetextbooks.Thebuildinghasaremarkableshapeandlookslikeabinationof“blocks”.Actually,onemaystarthisjourneyofmodernarchitecturebywalkingorbiking④theW.M.DudokArchitecturalRouteinHilversum.［析微点·厚积语言基础］①构词法——n.＋­y→adj.hillyadj.多小山的；多丘陵的healthyadj.健康的leafyadj.多叶的；多树木的windyadj.多风的rainyadj.阴雨的；多雨的通句式——句子(1)中“withthesoilmostlyconsistingofsand”为with复合结构，其结构为“with＋名词＋现在分词”。其中短语consistof意为“由……组成”，无被动语态、无进行时。②微积累——mark相关短语bemarkedby以……为特点；以……为特征bemarkedwith被标上……记号markout画线；标出……的界线③微技法——根据语境猜测生僻词根据第二段中的“thewealthiestfamily”和“Theymovedinafterbigsuccessinthetextileindustry”，以及后文中“thetextileboom”可知，此处substantial意为“重大的”。④微点拨——名词动用：biken.自行车v.骑自行车[理脉络——内化读文规律](二)解析真题——感悟素养立意[考什么·怎么考——真题再做]59．HilversumisdifferentfrommostoftheNetherlandsinthat________.A．ithasalargepopulationB．itiscutofffrombigcitiesC．ithasmanybeautifulgardensD．itisinahillyareawithsandysoil解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，希尔弗瑟姆区别于荷兰其他诸多城市的一点就是其处在多山地带，且土壤多是沙土，故选D。60．WhatwasthegreatestcontributionoftheBrenninkmeijerstoHilversum?A．BuildingarailwaylinktoAmsterdam.B．Helpingitstextileindustrytodevelop.C．Constructinglargevillasforthepoor.D．Assistingitsagriculturalindustry.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“TheymovedinafterbigsuccessinthetextileindustryandaidedasubstantialtextileindustryinHilversum.”可知，这个富有的家族经营的是纺织产业，他们的迁入促进了希尔弗瑟姆纺织业的快速发展。故选B。61．ThebeginningofthemediaindustryinHilversumwasmarkedbytheestablishmentof________.A．aradiofactory B．themediacapitalC．aradiostation D．aTVstation解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Thechangetoamediaeconomystartedin1920,when...establishedaradiofactory...”可知，希尔弗瑟姆媒体产业的开始是以一家无线电工厂的建立为标志的，由此可知应选择A项。62．WhatisknownaboutW.M.Dudok'sHilversumA．Itconsistsofapproximately75buildings.B．Itlookslikeanopenairmuseuminthecity.C．Itisaclassicexampleinarchitecturetextbooks.D．Ithasshapedmostof20thcenturyHilversum.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Hismasterpiece,HilversumTownHall...Ithaswideinternationalfameandisincludedinmanyarchitecturetextbooks.”可知，这个地方举世闻名，已被列入许多建筑学的教科书中，由此可知应该选择C项。[为什么考·有何价值——导向解读]一、发展思维品质本文第60题主要考查学生的逻辑性思维。文章第二段中提到Brenninkmeijers家族迁入希尔弗瑟姆之后把其家族经营的纺织产业也带到了希尔弗瑟姆，后来希尔弗瑟姆的纺织产业繁荣了数十年。因此，考生可以根据逻辑性思维进行判断，Brenninkmeijers家族对希尔弗瑟姆最大的贡献是帮助了希尔弗瑟姆发展纺织产业。如果考生不具备逻辑性思维则很容易误选C项(为穷人建造大型别墅)。二、聚焦核心价值本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了荷兰的一个中等规模的城市希尔弗瑟姆的相关情况。旨在让考生了解发达国家一个小镇的历史与现在(历史、地理、经济、文化等)，了解社会发展的规律与趋势，以形成国际视野和全球格局，借鉴发达国家的文化与先进经验。这对于当前我国的“城镇化建设”具有很好的借鉴价值。(三)借力真题——发掘学习能力Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Theareaswherethefightingistakingplacearehilly(hill)anddenselywooded.2．Thesmallyardwassurrounded(surround)bysteelfences.3．Nowadaysorganicfarming(farm)isbeingmoreandmorepopular.4．Sheisatrulyremarkable(remark)womaninourcountry.5．Thespeakerannouncedtheestablishment(establish)ofanewcollege.Ⅱ.补全句子1．Surrounded_by(被……环绕)greentrees,thelakeisverybeautiful.(过去分词作状语)2．Theschoolis_marked_by(以……为特征)itsexcellentcoursesandstrictrules.3．Themedicalteamconsisting_of(由……组成)5doctorsand10nurseswassenttothepoorarea.Ⅲ.分析长难句1．OncecalledtheGardenof[句式解构]这是一个状语复杂的简单句。句子的主语是it，谓语动词是attracts。句中的“OncecalledtheGardenofAmsterdam”是过去分词短语，在句中作状语；动词不定式“toeovertocycleandwalkthroughthesurroundingforests”在句中作目的状语。[句意翻译]它曾经被称为阿姆斯特丹花园，现在仍然吸引着游客来这里骑自行车，步行穿过周围的森林。2．Thechangetoamediaeconomystartedin1920,whentheNederlandseSeintoestellenFabriek(NSF)establishedaradiofactoryinHilversum.[句式解构]本句是一个含有非限制性定语从句的主从复合句。主句的主语是“Thechangetoamediaeconomy”，谓语动词是started。其中when引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词1920。[句意翻译]媒体经济的转变始于1920年，当时Nederlandse_Seintoestellen_Fabriek_(NSF)在希尔弗瑟姆建立了一家无线电工厂。Ⅳ.主题语境写作假定你去英国留学，刚到达那里时，你对那里的一切都不熟悉，感到很不适应，慢慢地你逐渐适应了那里的生活，请你就此写一篇小短文。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考范文：ItwasmyfirsttimethatIhadbeentoBritain.IthoughtIcouldfitinwiththelifeinBritainverysoon.However,onmyarrivalinBritain，IwasnumbwithshockthatIcouldn'tunderstandtheirlanguage.IrealizedthatImustadjustmyselftothenewsurroundingsassoonaspossible.Therefore,ItookuporalEnglishagainandseizedeverychancetotalkwiththelocalpeople,whoalwayskindlyencouragedmetokeepitup.Verysoon,Icouldexpressmyselffreely.LaterIfounditfortabletoliveinBritainandsometimesIevenfeltasifIwereathome.课下主题训练主要国家地理概况Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2021·陕西百校联盟模拟)I'minterestedintheRenaissance(文艺复兴),soIlikevisitingancientItaliancities.FerraraiscalledCityoftheRenaissance.WhenIlearnedaboutthiscityontheInternet,Idecidedtopayavisittoit.Thecityhasacertaincharm,butIfinditisn'tasgreatasotherItaliancitieslikeVerona,letaloneVeniceorRome.TheMichelinGreenGuidegivesittwostars,whichisright.Ifirstvisitedthecitycentre.TheCathedralandCastelloEstenseareattheheartofthecity.Bothhavestrikingappearances.IvisitedtheCathedralfirst.CastelloEstenseisalsoworthvisiting,whichowesitsnametothepowerfulEstefamily.Itwasbuiltwithbricksandsurroundedbyamoat(护城河).Atthelowerlevels,thehistoryofthecityandtheEstefamilyaretoldthroughdisplays,andinanotherparttheceilingsareshownthroughmirrorsontheground.Inthenorth,wecanappreciatetheRenaissanceextensionofthetown,withstraightstreetsandmonumentalhouses.ThefamousPalazzodeiDiamantilieshere.WhenIwasvisitingit,itstartedtorain,soaftertakingafewphotosquickly,Icutmyvisitthereshort.Ithadbeenrainingforafewdays.Whentherainceased,IwenttovisitthehistoricalcentreandtheRenaissancebuildings.Afterleavingthere,Ivisitedseveralotherinterestingplacessuchaspalacesandthenarrowstreetsofthedowntown.AfterfourhoursinFerraraIleftbytraintoMantua.ThereIhadamuchbettertime.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了意大利北部城市费拉拉的一些地方并讲述了作者的参观过程。1．WhydidtheauthorpayavisittoFerrara?A．ItisrelatedtotheRenaissance.B．Itisfullofcharm.C．ItisaveryfamouscityinEurope.D．Itisstronglyremendedbyawebsite.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段前两句可知，作者对文艺复兴感兴趣，费拉拉被称为文艺复兴之城，即它与文艺复兴有关，所以作者去参观了费拉拉，故A项正确。2．WhatdidtheauthorthinkofTheMichelinGreenGuide'smentonFerrara?A．Ridiculous. B．Reasonable.C．Unacceptable. D．Unbelievable.解析：选B细节理解题。题干问的是作者如何看待《米其林绿色指南》对费拉拉的评价。根据第二段中的“butIfinditisn'tasgreat...whichisright”可知，作者认为费拉拉不如像维罗那等的意大利城市好，更不用说威尼斯和罗马了，《米其林绿色指南》给这个城市评两颗星是合理的。故B项正确。3．HowcouldCastelloEstenseprobablygetitsnameaccordingtothetext?A．Itcamefromthehistoricalbuildings.B．Itoriginatedfromthestraightstreets.C．ItwasnamedafterthepowerfulEstefamily.D．Itwasconnectedtothesurroundingmoat.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“CastelloEstenseisalsoworthvisiting,whichowesitsnametothepowerfulEstefamily.”可知，埃斯坦塞城堡的名字起源于强大的埃斯特家族，即以这个家族的名字而命名，故C项正确。4．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．ThewriterthoughtFerrarawasasgreatasVenice.B．ThewritervisitedPalazzodeiDiamantiforalongtime.C．ThewriterwasmuchmoresatisfiedwiththetourinMantuathaninFerrara.D．ThewriterwasdisappointedwiththevisittotheCathedralandCastelloEstense.解析：选C推理判断题。根据尾段最后两句可知，作者在曼图亚度过了更加愉快的时光，并结合第二段尾句可推知，与费拉拉相比，作者对于曼图亚之旅更满意，故C项正确。B(2021·合肥高三检测)Peopleoftentalkaboutculturaldifferencesbetweenwesternandeasterncountries,buthowaboutthewesternworlditself?Surprisingly,acloserlookatitcanrevealagoodmanycuriousdetails.ThemostobviouscharacteristicofthemajorityofAmericansisthattheysmilealot.Itdoesnotmatterwhethertheyhaveastrongreasontosmile;theydoit,sometimessimplybecausetheyhaveto.Asmileisnotjustapowerfulmarketingtool,butalsoawaytoshowthatsomeoneisfriendly,andthatlifeingeneralisfine.Europeans,onthecontrary,prefertokeepamoreneutral(不露声色的)facialexpression.Theysmilemostlywhentheyareinagoodmood,orfeelamused;ifnot,aEuropean'sfacewillremainneutral,orevendull.InRussia,forexample,thereisaproverbsayingthatlaughingfornoreasonisasignofafool.ItdoesnotmeanthatEuropeansareserious,orthattheydonothaveasenseofhumor.Thesamereferstomunicationingeneral.Americansareextremelymunicative;smalltalkandchatsaremon.Europeanstalkmostlywhenthereissomethingtosay,andrarelyentermunicationjustforthepurposeoftalkingtootherpeople.Americanpeopleprefertoexpresswhattheythinkcarefully,consideringhowitmightaffectsurroundingpeople.Europeansaremorestraightforward,evenwithunfamiliarpeople.AEuropeanfriendwillalmostalwaysvoicetheiropinionondifferentoccasions,andwillnothesitatetoremindyouthatyouneedtolosesomeweightortakeashower.ItcanbesaidthatAmericansarepeopleofcontrasts.Theyareopen­minded,flexible,andreadytoaccepteverythingnewenthusiastically;butatthesametime,Americansocietymanagestobringupunbelievableconservatives.Americansareextremelypoliticallycorrect,which,inmostcases,isindeedasecureandbeneficialpractice,butitcanalsomessupdailyorevenprivatemunication,sometimespreventinghavingcloserelationships.Europeans,onthecontrary,aremorestraightforward,preferringtotellthetruthindirectways.Eachwayofmunicationisdifferent—neitheriscorrectorincorrect.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。西方国家之间对于同一事物的理解也存在着文化差异，文章主要通过对比美国人和欧洲人在微笑上的不同来分析西方人的文化差异。5．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutsmiling?A．Itisculture­relatedwithinwesterncountries.B．Itisapowerfulmarketingtoolacrosscultures.C．ItisthoughtofasasignofafoolinAmerica.D．ItisregardedasbeingsociallynecessaryinEurope.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段可知，人们经常谈论西方和东方国家的文化差异，但是西方世界本身呢？令人惊讶的是，仔细观察它可以揭示出许多有趣的细节。下文通过对比美国人和欧洲人在对待微笑的理解上的不同来分析西方人的文化差异。由此可知，作者认为微笑与西方国家的自身文化有关。故选A。6．WhatistypicalofEuropeans'munication?A．Beatingaroundthebush.B．Havingsmalltalkandchats.C．Hidingtheirfeelingscarefully.D．Expressingthemselvesopenly.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“AEuropeanfriend...ashower.”可知，一个欧洲朋友几乎总是会在不同场合发表自己的意见，并且会毫不犹豫地提醒您，您需要减肥或洗个澡。由此可知，欧洲人交流的典型特征是公开表达自己的想法。故选D。7．Whatdoe