中考英语二轮复习课件：专题一+名词

专题一

名词考点一

名词分类一、普通名词和专有名词；可数名词和不可数名词普通名词可数名词book、flower等集合名词family、police、people等不可数名词tea、snow等专有名词表示具体特定的人、地点、山、海、河、湖、月份、星期、组织、事件等Li

Bai;

Beijing;

the

Pacific

Ocean;

March;

Sunday;

Red

Cross;

World

War

II【补充】初中阶段常见不可数名词饮食milk;

water;

tea;

wine;

juice;

bread;

rice;

salt;

meat;

beef;

pork;

soap;

butter材料glass;

wood;

cotton;

gold;

silver自然air;

light;

ice;

weather;

snow其他money；

fun;

paper（指纸、纸张时）;news；

information；

knowledge;

advice；

music；

work（指工作时）;

homework;

housework二、有些名词既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，但词义不同单词可数不可数单词可数不可数chicken鸡鸡肉exercise练习；习题运动beauty美人美丽glass玻璃杯玻璃experience（一次）经历经验life一段生活经历生命fish鱼；鱼的种类鱼肉orange橙子橙汁paper试卷；论文纸room房间空间iron熨斗铁light电灯光三、有些单词单复数形式代表的词义不同名词单数形式名词复数形式work工作works作品good好处goods商品；货品cloth布clothes衣服time时间times时代；倍数wood木头woods树林glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯；眼镜(

)1.

In

the

Nanjing

Art

Museum,

visitors

can

see

various

______

of

art

by

local

artists,

including

oil

paintings

and

sculptures.BA.

work

B.

works

C.

job

D.

labour(

)2.

The

amount

of

air

______

has

decreased

in

recent

years

because

of

the

city’s

strict

environmental

measures.AA.

pollution

B.

pollute

C.

polluted

D.

polluter(

)3.

______,

which

is

celebrated

on

the

fifth

day

of

the

fifth

month

of

the

lunar

calendar,

is

a

traditional

Chinese

holiday

known

for

dragon

boat

races

and

eating

zongzi.A.

The

Dragon

Boat

Festival

B.

The

Labour

DayC.

The

Double

Ninth

Festival

D.

The

Lantern

FestivalA(

)4.

In

the

countryside,

the

house

was

surrounded

by

______which

provide

a

peaceful

and

natural

environment.BA.

wood

B.

woods

C.

wooden

D.

woody(

)5.

Can

you

get

me

some

______?

I’m

thirsty.DA.

beef

B.

cheese

C.

bread

D.

juice考点二

可数名词的数一、可数名词复数变化方法1.名词复数的规律变化情况构成方法示例一般情况加-smap—maps;

bag—bags以s,

x,

ch,

sh结尾加-esbus—buses;

box—boxes;watch—watches；

wish—wishes以辅音字母加y结尾将y变为i再加-esfactory—factories;

country—countries情况构成方法示例以元音字母加y结尾只加-sboy—boys;

day—days以o结尾（有生命的）加-eshero—heroes;

tomato—tomatoespotato—potatoes（巧记：英雄喜欢吃西红柿和马铃薯。）（无生命的）加-sradio—radios;

photo—photos;

piano—pianos续表情况构成方法示例以f

或fe

结尾将f或fe变为v再加-eswife—wives;

thief—thieves；

shelf—shelvesknife—knives;

half—halves;

leaf—leaveswolf—wolves;

life—lives加-sroof—roofs;

proof—proofs【易错】month—months

mouth—mouths续表2.名词复数的特殊变化（1）单复数不同形单数复数单数复数childchildrenfootfeetmanmentoothteethwomanwomenmousemice（2）单复数同形单数复数单数复数sheepsheepdeerdeerfish（鱼的条数）fishSwissSwiss（3）某国人变复数单数复数单数复数ChineseChineseJapaneseJapaneseEnglishmanEnglishmenFrenchmanFrenchmenAmericanAmericansAustralianAustralians易错：

German—Germans【口诀】中日不变英法变，其余-s加后面。（4）集体名词的单复数随句子意义而定。如：My

family

is

a

big

one.我家是个大家庭。His

family

enjoy

watching

TV

together

at

weekends.

他家人喜欢在周末一起看电视。（5）表示由两部分构成的东西，如glasses（眼镜），trousers（裤子）,

shorts（短裤）,scissors（剪刀）等，若表达具体数目，要借助数量词pair（对，

双）等,如：a

pair

of

glasses,

two

pairs

of

trousers。二、名词作定语（1）名词作定语修饰复数名词的时候，前面的名词一般不改成复数。如：a

boy

student—boy

students

an

apple

tree—apple

trees（2）man和woman作定语修饰名词时，复数要把被修饰名词和man/woman同时变为复数。如：a

woman

teacher—women

teachers

a

man

lawyer—men

lawyers(

)1.

I

have

visited

many

______

around

the

world,

including

France,

Italy

and

Spain.BA.

country

B.

countries

C.

city

D.

cities(

)2.

A

single

______

walked

into

the

café

and

ordered

a

cup

of

coffee.AA.

Frenchman

B.

Frenchmen

C.

Frenchmans

D.

French(

)3.

My

grandpa

needs

to

wear

______

to

read

the

newspaper

because

his

vision

is

not

good.CA.

a

glass

B.

glassC.

glasses

D.

a

pair

of

glasses(

)4.

The

mountain

is

over

10,000

______

high.BA.

foot

B.

feet

C.

foots

D.

feets(

)5.

All

the

______

in

our

class

are

required

to

participate

in

the

sports

meet.BA.

boy

student

B.

boy

students

C.

boys

students

D.

boys

student考点三

名词所有格1.’s

所有格情况所有格形式示例一般情况的单数名词在词尾加’sthe

old

woman’s

daughter这位老妇人的女儿Mother’s

Day

母亲节以s结尾的复数名词在词尾加’Teachers’

Day

教师节不以s结尾的复数名词在词尾加’sChildren’s

Day

儿童节International

Women’s

Day

国际妇女节表示两者共有A

and

B’sTom

and

Tony’s

mother汤姆和托尼共同的妈妈表示各自所有A’s

and

B’sTom’s

and

Tony’s

mothers汤姆和托尼各自的妈妈表示时间、距离或度量衡单位的名词单数加’s；复数加’today’s

homework

今天的家庭作业ten

days’

holiday

十天的假期续表【补充】表示在住宅、诊所、医院、店铺等时，名词所有格的后面经常省略它所修饰的名词。

如：at

Lily’s

在莉莉家

at

the

doctor’s在诊所

at

the

barber’s在理发店2.of所有格：主要用于无生命名词的所有关系，常用“名词

+

of

+

名词”来表示。如：the

name

of

the

film

电影的名字the

cover

of

the

book

书的封面3.双重所有格：用“名词

+

of

+

名词性物主代词/名词所有格”表示双重所有格。如：a

friend

of

hers

她的一个朋友a

relative

of

Tom’s

汤姆的一个亲戚4.一些特别的用法（1）“名词+to+名词”短语：the

answer

to

the

question问题的答案the

key

to

the

door

门的钥匙the

way

to

the

theater

去剧院的路（2）复合形容词的两种构成方式：①数词+名词单数+形容词（各单词间用连字符连接）②数词+名词单数（单词间用连字符连接）an

eight-year-old

boy

一个8岁的男孩a

200-metre

race

一场200米赛跑(

)1.

______

decision

to

donate

all

savings

to

charity

was

truly

admirable.BA.

Smiths

B.

Smith’s

C.

Smiths’

D.

Smith(

)2.

A

picture

of

my

sister

was

hanging

on

the

wall

of

______

office.BA.

Tom’s

and

Mary’s

B.

Tom

and

Mary’sC.

Tom

and

Mary

D.

Tom’s

and

Mary(

)3.

—I

heard

you

went

to

______

last

weekend.

How

was

it?—It

was

fantastic!

I

loved

the

atmosphere

there.CA.

the

baker

B.

baker’s

C.

the

baker’s

D.

bakers’一、单项选择(

)1.

(2024·滨州中考)—On

April

25th,

2024,

China’s

Shenzhou-18

spacecraft

（宇宙飞船）

flew

to

space

successfully.—Wow,

China’s

space

technology

has

reached

a

new

______.CA.

method

B.

energy

C.

height

D.

industry(

)2.

(2024·扬州中考)—Do

you

know

why

zebrafish

are

taken

to

Shenzhou-18?—They

have

______

like

small

size

and

short

development

cycle.BA.

stages

B.

advantages

C.

messages

D.

passages(

)3.

(2024·安徽中考)—Art

serves

as

a

______

between

different

nations.

—Yes.

It

really

helps

cross-cultural

communication.DA.

river

B.

wall

C.

palace

D.

bridge(

)4.

(2023·武汉中考)—Peter

was

picked

out

to

be

on

the

school

volleyball

team.—His

height

gives

him

a

big

______.DA.

situation

B.

challenge

C.

achievement

D.

advantage(

)5.

(2023·滨州中考)—What’s

your

secret

of

writing

so

well?—I

read

a

lot,

and

the

works

of

Lu

Xun

had

a

strong

______

on

me

as

a

child.DA.

difference

B.

attention

C.

situation

D.

influence(

)6.

(2023·白银中考)Put

______

first

and

be

careful

while

riding

on

the

road!DA.

interest

B.

money

C.

knowledge

D.

safety(

)7.

(2023·扬州中考)—What

places

of

interest

are

there

in

Yangzhou?—I

recommend

the

Slender

West

Lake.

A

boat

tour

is

a

wonderful

______!CA.

movement

B.

attraction

C.

experience

D.

research(

)8.

(2023·天津中考)People

all

over

the

world

love

pandas,

and

the

panda

has

become

a

______

of

China.DA.

festival

B.

poem

C.

guest

D.

symbol(

)9.

(2023·安徽中考)The

proper

______

of

your

spare

time

will

make

your

life

colorful.BA.

date

B.

use

C.

name

D.

cause(

)10.

(2023·江西中考)—Kevin,

could

you

pass

me

some

______?

It’s

so

hot

today.

I’m

really

thirsty.—OK.

Here

you

are.CA.

rice

B.

bread

C.

water

D.

chicken(

)11.

So

many

young

people

regard

______

as

the

most

delicious

drink.CA.

salad

B.

porridge

C.

milk

shake

D.

tea(

)12.

(2022·连云港中考)The

hat

is

not

the

right

______

for

me.

I’d

like

a

smaller

one.AA.

size

B.

style

C.

colour

D.

material(

)13.

(2022·宿迁中考)My

grandma

is

good

at

paper-cutting.

She

can

cut

out

pictures

in

the

______

of

cartoon

characters.CA.

ability

B.

weight

C.

shape

D.

quality(

)14.

(2022·扬州中考)We

youths

do

our

best

for

our

dreams

and

together

a

small

success

can

give

us

a

sense

of

______.AA.

achievement

B.

department

C.

treatment

D.

entertainment(

)15.

(2022·达州中考)—I

want

to

learn

more

about

the

history

of

Tang

Dynasty.—Why

not

use

the

Internet

to

find

more

______?AA.

information

B.

messages

C.

advice

D.

discussions(

)16.

—Do

you

like

black

coffee,

Miss

Green?—No,

I’d

like

sweet

coffee.

Please

put

some

______

in

it.CA.

ice

B.

salt

C.

sugar

D.

milk(

)17.

(2022·十堰中考)The

______

of

oil

goes

higher

and

higher

because

of

the

war.AA.

price

B.

pride

C.

progress

D.

promise(

)18.

(2022·重庆A卷)This

year,

the

family

went

camping

on

______

Day,

June

1st.DA.

Child

B.

Child’s

C.

Children

D.

Children’s(

)19.

—Betty,

you’d

better

follow

the

doctor’s

______

and

do

more

exercise.—I

will.

Thank

you.AA.

advice

B.

agreement

C.

information

D.

bill(

)20.

(2022·天津中考)Most

parents

think

it

is

a

good

______

to

take

a

school

bus

because

it’s

quite

safe.BA.

risk

B.

choice

C.

game

D.

pity(

)21.

(2022·安徽中考)—I

do

morning

exercises

every

day.

It

works

my

whole

body.—It’s

a

good

habit.

It

helps

you

keep

in

good

______.CA.

time

B.

touch

C.

health

D.

silence(

)22.

(2022·重庆B卷)It’s

raining

heavily.

Please

take

the

______.CA.

stone

B.

flower

C.

umbrella

D.

postcard(

)23.

(2022·江西中考)Which

ice

cream

do

you

want,

Mary?

You

can’t

have

all

of

them.

You

have

to

make

a

______.CA.

wish

B.

survey

C.

choice

D.

call(

)24.

(2022·云南中考)Miss

Li

has

lots

of

teaching

______.

She

has

her

own

ways

to

make

classes

lively

and

interesting.CA.

exercise

B.

excitement

C.

experience

D.

environment(

)25.

(2022·武汉中考)—Why

do

you

practice

Tai

Chi

every

day?—Because

this

Chinese

form

of

exercise

helps

me

relax

and

find

my

inner

（内心的）

______.DA.

voice

B.

quality

C.

beauty

D.

peace(

)26.

(2022·新疆中考)—I

find

there

are

more

and

more

overweight

children

in

our

school.—Exactly,

so

we

should

have

good

eating

______.DA.

tasks

B.

choices

C.

grades

D.

habits(

)27.

(2022·武威中考)The

______

rang

and

Pat

answered

it.

It

was

his

son

calling

from

New

York.AA.

telephone

B.

doorbell

C.

clock

D.

bike(

)28.

(2022·温州中考)—Jack,

I

have

no

idea

for

the

report.—Me

neither.

Why

don’t

we

ask

the

teacher

for

______?AA.

help

B.

jokes

C.

food

D.

tickets二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.

“Learn

through

use”

is

a

good

piece

of_______（advise）

for

those

who

are

studying

a

new

language.2.

There

was

a

worried___________（express）

on

her

face.3.

I

can’t

thank

you

enough

for

your_________（kind）.4.

The

scientists

found

out

that

the

river

was

orange

because

of

the_________（pollute）.5.

Thank

you

very

much

for

the__________（invite），Lily.adviceexpressionkindnesspollutioninvitation6.

Start

building

a

strong

___________（connect）.7.

It

might

mean

the__________（differ）

between

life

and

death.8.

Are

you

taking

piano________（lesson）?9.

After

several__________