冠词、介词、数词高频考点-2025年中考英语专项复习（上海专用）（原题版）

专题01冠词、介词、数词、

冠词、介词、数词是中考最基础考向之一，考查范围是中考必备基础词法知识点。冠词在中考中主

要考查定冠词，不定冠词，零冠词及语境应用。介词主要考查基本常见用法，偏重介词词组搭配。数

词重点考查分数及不确切的数字的表达。本专题目的在于归纳一些高频考题及梳理一些解题技巧。以

帮助同学们高效复习。

览

考点考向考法/命题角度

冠词l.a（泛指）——第一次提到，表“一个”用在辅音因素开头的单词

2.the（特指）——表示特指“这个”，通a+university,uniform,useful,useless

常指代上文中有所提及的事物或人。用在元音因素开头的单词前

3.元音发音要用an：通常以a,e,i,o,u开an+hour,honest

头的可数名词单数要用an球类前不加the,乐器前要加the.

介词L常考介词用法在近几年的考试中，对介词的考查，重心

2.表示地点的介词放在了固定搭配上。对于介词部分的复

3.表方式介词用法习，应当加强关注考纲词组的搭配，要强

4.表方式介词用法化记忆常用配搭。例如：consistof;be

5.一些介词固定搭配proudof等。

数词1.基数词用法、序数词用法中考中对数词的考查主要集中基数词和

2.分数、小数和百分比的表达序数词的用法和区别上，有时也考查其他

3.常考点：的相关用法。比如用数词表示分数，用数

hundred,thousand,million等用法词编号等，另外，hundred,thousand,

4.易错点：固定搭配e.g.inmyfiftiesmillion的用法也是一个需要注意的语法

序数词与a连用表示又一，再一e.g.a知识点。特别注意不确切的数字的表达。

secondtime

真题透视

A考向一冠词考点

高频易混易错副词梳理/归纳

不定冠词

1、a,an1.aboy

2.anisland,anelephant,anumbrella

3.anhouranhonestboy

4.auniversity,aEuropean（欧洲的）country

2、泛指某一类人、事或物1.Agrammarbookisnecessarytoalanguagelearner.

2.Ahorseisausefulanimal.

3、表示"每一”,相当于everyIgotoschoolfivedaysaweek.我每周上五天课。

4、用在序数词前，表示“又一”，“再一”Ihavethreebooks.Iwanttobuyafourthone.

5、用在某些固定词组中a许多，大量），afterawhile（过一会儿），havearest

（休息），havealook（瞧瞧）,haveagoodtime（过得开心）,

takeashower（淋浴）,takeabreak（休息）,takeabath（洗

澡），getacold（患感冒），getafever（发烧）,makealiving

（谋生），inamoment（过一会儿）

定冠词

1、特指某（些）人或某（些）物1.Theblueshirtismine

2.Openthewindow,please.

3.1haveacar.Thecarisred.

2、指世界上独一无二的事物Whichisbigger,thesunortheearth?

3、用在序数词，形容词最高级前Thefirstlessonistheeasiestoneinthisbook.

4、用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前theUnitedStates,theUK

5、用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人thepoor穷人,theblind盲人

6、用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”theGreens格林一家或格林夫妻俩

或“夫妻俩”

7、用在方位词前ontheleft在左边，inthemiddleof在中间

8、用在乐器名称前Sheplaysthepianoeveryday.她每天弹钢琴。

9、用在表示海洋，河流，山脉，群岛及theBlackSea黑海，theYangziRiver长江

国家和党派等名词前

10、用在某些固定词组中allthesame仍然；allthetime——直；atthemoment止匕亥U；at

thesametime同时；bytheway顺便说；dothe

shopping/washing买东西/洗衣月艮；

inthemoming/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上；inthe

openair在户外，在野外

零冠词

1、在专有名词和不可数名词前Tian5anMenSquare天安门广场

2、在星期，月份，季节，节日前onSunday在周日，inMarch在三月，inspring在春天，on

特例：如果月份，季节等被一个限定性Women'sDay在妇女节

定语修饰时，则要加定冠词HejoinedtheArmyinthespringof1982.

3、在学科名称，三餐饭和球类运动前1.Amongthesubjects,IlikeEnglishbest.

2.1havelunchatschooleveryday.

3.1playfootballeveryThursdayafternoon.

4、在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，No.25MiddleSchool

学校等之前(1)bybus,bycar,bybike,bytrain,byair/plane,bysea/ship

5、某些固定词组中不用冠词。(但：takeabus,inaboat,onthebike)

(1)与by连用的交通工具名称前(2)dayandnight,hourafterhour,hereandthere

(2)名词词组(3)athome,insurprise,atnoon,onfoot,atnight,onduty,at

(3)介词词组work,ontime,forexample,inclass,onshow,inbed

(4)go短语(4)gohome,gotobed,gotoschool,gotowork,

goshopping/swimming/boating/fishing

用与不用冠词

难点1.inhospital住院/inthehospital在医院里

2.infrontof在...(外部的)前面/inthefrontof在(内部

的)前面

3.takeplace发生/taketheplace(of)代替

4.gotoschool上学/gototheschool到学校去

5.nextyear明年/thenextyear第二年

6.ateacherandwriter一位教师兼作家（一人）

ateacherandawriter一位教师和一位作家（两人）

【真题链接】

1.（2023•上海中考真题）WeChinesehavethetraditionofrespectingold.

A）theB）/C）anD）a

2.（2022•上海中考真题）Theyoungmanoftengiveshelpinghandtotheoldinhisneighbourhood.

A.aB.anC.theD./

3.（2020•上海中考真题）Kelly*scheesecakesweresoldoutwithinhalfhouratthenightmarket.

A.aB.anC.theD./

4.（2019•上海中考真题）Benjaminhaslearnedthatitisnotpolitetomakefunofothers.

A.aB.anC.theD./

5.（2018•上海中考真题）Hurryup!Theconcertwillbegininminute.

A）aB）anC）theD）/

6.（2017•上海中考真题）Christineissellingherhouse，butonotherhandshedoesn'twanttomove.

A.aB.anC.theD./

7（2016•上海中考真题）Theteenagershadgoodtimeinthesummercampintheirsisterschool.

A.aB.anC.theD./

A考向二介词考点

高频易混易错知识点梳理/归纳

1.for与of1.Ifstoohardformetofinishtheworkinonlyonehour.

2.Thehouseisbigenoughfor10mentolivein.

3.It'sverynice/kindofyoutodoso.

2.介词有时会与它的宾语分离，而1.Hehasayoungerbrotherwhohemusttakegoodcareof.

且宾语有时前置2.Whoareyoutalkingabout?=

3.Doyouknowwhoourteacheristalkingwithoverthere?

4.1finallyfoundachairtositon.

3.in、on与at1.1usuallygetupat7：00inthemorning.

2.HewasbomonthemorningofMay1Oth.

3.Hisglassesarerightonhisnose.

4.Heisatthecinemaatthemoment.

4.after与in1.Hesaidthathewouldbehereafter6：00.

2.MyfatheriscomingbackfromEnglandinaboutamonth.

5.since与for3.UncleLihasworkedinthisfactorysince1970.

4.UncleLihasworkedinthisfactoryforover40years.

6.by、in与with1.Lefsgotothezoobytaxi.

2.ItwaswrittenbyLaoShe.

3.Pleasewritethatarticle（文章）inEnglish.

4.Weseewithouseyesandwalkwithourfeet.

7.about与on1.Theyareveryexcitedtalkingaboutthecomingfieldtrip.

2.Tomisgoingtogiveatalkonth。historyofAmerica.

8.across,over与through1.Justthenarat（鼠）ranacrosstheroad.

2.Thereisabridgeovertheriver.

3.Thevisitorswentthroughabiggainintoanotherpark.

9.as与like1.Letmespeaktoyouasafather.

2.Letmespeaktoyoulikeafather.

10.bytheendof,attheendof,inthe1.Bytheendoflasttermwehadlearned16unitsofBookIII.

end,totheend2.Attheendoftheroadyoucanfindabigwhitehousewithbrownwindows.

3.TheyleftforBeijingattheendoflastweek.

4.Inthnendhesucceededinthefinalexams.

5.Weshouldgoonwiththeworktotheend.

6.Followthisroadtotheendandyouwillseeapostoffice.

11.foramoment、forthemoment、in1.Pleasewaitforamoment.

amoment与atthemoment2.Lefsleavethingsastheyareforthemoment?

3.Tilcomebackinamoment.

4.1amverybusyatthemoment.

12.but1.1coulddonothingbutwait.

2.Theyhadnochoice（选择）buttofight.

13.infrontof与inthefrontof1.Acarwasparkinginfrontofthehall.

2.Inthnfrontofthehallstoodabigdesk.

14.except与besides1.EveryonewenttothePalaceMuseumexceptTom.

2.BesidesChinesehealsostudiedmanyothersubjects.

【真题链接】

1.（2023•上海中考真题）Theresearchgroupconsistedthreegenerationsofscientists.

A）forB）withC）ofD）about

2.（2022・上海中考真题）WillAlicetakecharge______thecomingpaintingexhibition?

A.forB.withC.ofD.from

3.（2019•上海•中考真题）Frankheldhisbreaththewatertosearchforhisringintheswimmingpool.

A.atB.byC.overD.under

4.（2018•上海•中考真题）KarenandLilywillgotoRussiatowatchthe2018WorldCupJuly.

A.onB.inC.atD.of

5.（2017•上海•中考真题）ShirleyisstillwaitingforherflighttoNewYorkCitytheairport.

A.atB.underC.onD.with

6.（2016-上海•中考真题）ThelocalcommunitycenterisopenMondaytoSaturday.

A.inB.fromC.forD.on

7.（2015•上海•中考真题）Ilovethispicture______youbesidethemusicfountain.

A.inB.ofC.onD.at

8.（2014•上海•中考真题）MoreandmoreneonleinShanghaichoosetogotoworkunderground.

A.inB.withC.byD.for

9.（2013・上海・中考真题）Wow!Tenstudentsinourclasswillcelebratetheirfourteenthbirthdays__________

October!

A.inB.onC.atD.to

10.（2014•上海•中考真题）Studentsareencouragedtosharetheirlearningexperiencetheirclassmates.

A.toB.inC.atD.with

11.（2012•上海•中考真题）Youreallydon'thavetoworryyourweight.Youlookjustright.

A.forB.fromC.withD.about

A考向三数词考点

高频易混易错知识点梳理/归纳

1.序数词的拼写序数词缩写序数词缩写

first1sttwentieth20th

second2ndtwenty-first21st

third3rdthirtieth30th

?ourth4ththirty-fifth35th

fifth5thfortieth40th

sixth6thfiftieth50th

seventh7thsixtieth60th

eighth8thseventieth70th

ninth9theightieth80th

tenth10thninetieth90th

eleventh11thhundredth100th

twelfth12th

2.表示计量：Itis50metres/kilometers/mileslong（wide,deep,high）.

即事物的长度、宽度、深度和高度，应采用基数它有50米/千米/英里长（宽、深、高）。

词。

3.表示编号：1.Thetenthlesson=LessonTen第10课

编号的数字如果过小，可用序数词或基数词表示；2.Room405第405号房

如果数字较大，通常用基数词表示。3.Page215第215页

4.No.14MiddleSchool第14中学

5.TelephoneNO.5855806电话：5855806

4.表示不确切的数字:1.fivehundredstudents500名学生

基数词后面直接加上复数名词表示精确的数字，而2.twothousandpeople2000人

基数词复数形式加上“。产表示不确切的数字。3.fivedozenpencils5打铅笔

4.hundredsofstudents几百名学生

5.millionsofworkers成千上万的工人

6.scoresofchairs几十张椅子

5.表示年龄和岁数1.Heisaboyof10yeasold.

=Heis10yeasold.

=Heis10(yearsofage).

=Heisaten-year-oldboy.

2.Attheageoften,hebegantolearnEnglish.

3.Myfatherisinhisfifties.我爸爸50多岁。

6.表示年代：1.,

表示什么世纪，什么年代时，通常在数词后加S读作：nineteeneighties.

或，s,并在年代前加定冠词the,2.Hisgrandfatherdiedinthe1970's/1970s。

7.表示分数：1.a(=one)third三分之一onefifth五分之一

分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子是one时，分2.twothirds三分之二threefourths四分之三

母不必加s;分子大于one时，分母要加s.3.Twothirdsofthetreeswerecutdowntenyearsago.

8.表示百分数：1.Thirtypercentofthestudentsinmyclassarefrom

百分数的表达方式是：基数词+percent（单数形式）cities.

+of+名词O2.About61percentofthesurfaceiscoveredbywater.

【真题链接】

1.(2023•上海中考真题)TherewerevariousactivitiesattheChinaFolkCraftFair,(eight)

2.(2022•上海中考真题)LilyisreadingthestoryinthebookaboutChinesehistory,(six)

3.(2021•上海•中考真题)LilyandMaryhaveknowneachotherforyears,(seventh)

4.(2020•上海•中考真题)UncleAndytrieddifferentjobs,andfinallychosetobealawyer.(tenth)

5.(2019•上海•中考真题)Onthepageofthebook,thereisanencouragingstory,(eight)

6.(2018•上海•中考真题)Look!Theladyfromtheleftinthephotoismyfavouriteteacher,(six)

7.(2017•上海•中考真题)Myschoolisgoingtohaveanopendayontheofnextmonth,(ten)

8.（2016-上海•中考真题）Couldyoupassmethedictionaryfromtherightontheshelf?

9.（2014•上海•中考真题）Themedicineshouldbetakenadayaftermeals,George,（two）

10.（2015•上海•中考真题）Rosereceivedaletterfulloflovefromherparentsonherbirthday.

A.sixteenB.sixteen^

C.sixteenthD.sixteenths

11.（2012•上海•中考真题）Lastyear,IvisitedachemicalfactoryinBaise,thereareaboutworkersinit.

A.sixthousandsB.sixthousandC.sixthousandsofD.sixthousandof

新题特训

A冠词

1.（2024•上海杨浦•三模）Theteenagershadgoodtimeduringthewintercampintheirsisterschool.

A.aB.anC.theD./

2.（2024•上海长宁•二模）IusuallybuyabunchofflowersformymomonMothers5Day.

A.theB./C.aD.an

3.（2024•上海崇明•二模）OurEnglishteachergaveusexampleofhowtousethisE-book.

A.aB.anC.theD./

4.（2024-上海宝ill•二模）Roddyoftenhelpshismotherlaytableandhesetsagoodexampleforhis

youngerbrother.

A.aB.anC.theD./

5.（2024•上海徐，匚•一模）Asartteacher,MrLeesharesclassicmusicpiecesaroundtheworldtothe

class.

A.aB.anC.theD./

6.（2024•上海嘉定•二模）Onmywaytoschool,Ialwayspassbyoldlibrarythatwasbuiltinthe1920s.

A./B.anC.theD.a

7.（2024•上海青浦•二模）Zhujiajiaoisamazingancienttownanditattractsmillionsoftouristsevery

year.

A.aB.anC.theD./

8.（2024•上海金ill•二模）BlossomsShanghai（繁花）isexcellentTVseries.Ithaswonhighpraise.

A.aB.anC.theD./

9.（2024•上海松江•二模）ThepoorlittlegirlneverdreamedoflivinginsuchEuropeanpalaceoneday.

A.aB.anC.theD./

10.（2024•上海闵行•二模）Thegovernmenthasbuiltseveralfactoriesfordisabledtoworkinthetown.

A.theB.aC.anD./

11.（2024•杨浦•二模）Everyonecanmakedifferencetotheenvironmentalprotectioninourdailylife.

A./B.theC.anD.a

12.（2024•上海徐汇•二模）Mybrotherlovesmusicandenjoysplaying_violininhisfreetime.

A.AB.anC.theD./

13.（2024•上海虹口•二模）Katecheeredonherbrotherallway,fromthestartinglinetothefinish.

A.aB.anC.theD./

14.（2024•上海普陀•二模）Thisdoctorbelievesthatthevalueofhisworkistohelpsick.

A.theB./C.anD.a

15.（2024•上海奉贤•二模）Becareful,please.Youmissed"h"intheword"honest"again.

A.aB.anC.theD./

16.（2024•上海浦东新•二模）KittyandherfamilyspenttheirwinterholidayonislandinsouthernChina.

A.aB.anC./D.the

17.（2024•上海黄浦•二模）Summerishere!Lefsgoforswim!

A.aB.anC.theD./•

18.（2024•上海杨浦・二模）oldaretakengoodcareofinourcountry.

A.AB.AnC.TheD./

19.（2024•上海普陀•二模）MichelleYeoh,Asianactress,wonBestOscarsActressAwardlastmonth.

A.anB.theC.aD./

20.（2024•上海杨浦•一模）Thesoupistasteless.Passmesaltoverthere,please!

A.aB.anC.theD./

21.（2024•上海松江•一模）"Todoagoodjob,you'dbetterfocusononetaskattime/9saidtheteacher.

A.aB.anC.theD./

22.（2024•上海崇明•一模）Learningfromfamilymembersisgoodwaytogetwisdomandcourage.

A.aB.anC.theD./

23.（2024•上海奉贤•二模）Ioftenplayguitartorelaxmyselfinmyfreetime.

A.theB.anC.aD./

24.（2024•上海杨浦•二模）Weleftinsuchhurrythatweforgotourpassports.

A.aB.anC.theD./

25.（2024•上海宝ill•——模）Thelittleboypickedupthemoneyandhandedittothepoliceofficer.honest

boyheis!

A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Whatan

B介词

1.（2024•上海静安•二模）awindymorning,Alexflewakiteintheparkhappily.

A.InB.OnC.AtD.For

2.（2024•上海闵行•二模）TheSpringFestivalbecameafloatingholidayoftheUnitedNations（联合国）

2023.

A.onB.inC.atD.to

3.（2024•上海崇明•——模）Ifswonderfultohaveanoutingsuchasunnyday.Lefsgonow!

A.inB.onC.fromD.by

4.（23-24九年级下•上海浦东新•阶段练习）Thecompositionisquitegood,afewspellingmistakes.

A.exceptforB.exceptC.besidesD.including

5.（23-24九年级上•上海长宁•期末）Ourgroupgottothefootofthemountain________aboutsixinthelate

afternoon.

A.atB.fromC.onD.in

6.（2022•上海•一模）TheBundisalwayscrowdedwithpeoplethenightsofNationalDay.

A.atB.forC.inD.on

7.（23-24九年级下•上海浦东新•阶段练习）thetemperaturefallingsorapidly,wecouldn'tswiminthe

openair.

A.SinceB.WithC.AsD.For

8.（23-24九年级下•上海浦东新•阶段练习）Imanagedtohitthedogastick.

A.withB.inC.onD.from

9.（24-25九年级上•上海闵行•阶段练习）Itisdishonesttocheatinanexamtricks.

A.withB.throughC.overD.in

10.（24-25九年级上•全国•课前预习）Awomanstoodthewindow,watchingthechildrenplayinggames

inthegarden.

A.pastB.throughC.acrossD.by

11.（24-25九年级上•全国•课后作业）IlearnedtoswimwatchingvideosonYouTube.

A.byB.withC.inD.through

12.（23-24九年级上•上海闵行•期中）Iheardthathewouldbebacktwoweeks5time.

A.atB.inC.afterD.for

13.（2024•福建厦门•二模）Theysatonthebeachandwatchedthesettingsundisappeargraduallythe

horizen（地平线）.

A.belowB.besideC.above

14.（2024•北京海淀•二模）BilloftenclimbsmountainswithhisgrandparentsSundays.

A.atB.inC.onD.to

15.（2024•云南丽江•二模）MoreandmorepeopleinLijiangchoosetogotoKunminghigh-speed

railway.

A.inB.withC.byD.for

c数词

一、单项选择

1.（24-25九年级上•上海闵行•期中）IttooktheancientChinesepeople,threeyearstofinishbuilding

theGreatWall.

A.hundredB.hundredsC.hundredsofD.threehundred

2.（24-25九年级上•上海闵行・期中）Zhenqinwen,theQueenWen,gainedseveralfollowerssoonafter

shewonthetennisgoldinthe2024SummerOlympicsinParis.

A.millionB.millionsofC.millionsD.millionof

3.（2024•上海奉贤•二模）Eventhoughmygrandpais,hestilltakesanactivepartinvoluntarywork.

A.athisseventiesB.inhisseventies

C.athisseventyD.inhisseventy

4.（23-24九年级下•上海浦东新•阶段练习）ofourearthiscoveredwithwater.

A.Seven-tenthB.Seventh-tenthsC.Seven-tenthsD.Seventh-tens

5.（2019•黑龙江大庆•中考真题）volunteerswillbeneededfor2020BeijingWinterOlympicGames.

A.TwothousandofB.Twothousandsof

C.ThousandofD.Thousandsof

6.（24-25九年级上•江苏扬州•期中）JordanwhowasreturnedtoNBAin.

A.inthethirtieth;1990sB.inhisthirties;the1990s

C.inhisthirties;1990sD.inhisthirtieth;the1990s

7.（24-25九年级上•甘肃天水•阶段练习）BecauseofProjectHope,childrencanhavebetterlives.

A.millionB.millionsC.millionofD.millionsof

8.（24-25九年级上•福建福州・开学考试）Aboutoftheworkersinthefactoryborninthe

1960s.

A.twofifths;wasB.twofifths;wereC.twofifth;were

9.（24-25九年级上•河北张家口.阶段练习）TheGreatWallisfamous,soeveryyearpeoplecometo

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