安徽省黄山市2022届高三上学期第一次质量检测+英语试题 含解析

黄山市2022届高中毕业班第一次质量检测英语试题第I卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwasthemandoing?A.Writinghisschoolpaper.B.WatchingamovieonTV.C.SurfingtheInternetfornews.2.WhydoesthewomanrefusetogotoDisneylandthisweekend?A.Becauseshe’llpublishherbook.B.Becauseshehasanappointment.C.Becauseshehastowriteherbook.3.Howsoondidthemangethispaintingdone?A.Inafewmonths.B.Inashorttime.C.Inacoupleofyears.4.Wherearethetwospeakersprobably?A.Inahotel.B.Inahospital.C.Athome.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shedoesn’tlikesinging.B.Shedoesn’tlikebeingwithothers.C.Shecan’tsingtomorrow.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whydidtheman’sfathercallthewoman?A.Totellherabouthispoorhealth.B.Totellherhewon’tcomebackforsupper.C.Totellherhewon’tmakesuppertoday.7.Whatisthemanworriedabout?A.Hisfathermaybreakdownoneday.B.Hismotherwon’tbeabletofindajob.C.He’llhavetohelphisfatherwithhiswork.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.Whenwillthemanperform?A.Tomorrow.B.Nextmonth.C.Thedayaftertomorrow.9.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hedoesn’twanttogototheparty.B.Heoftenpracticesplayingpiano.C.Heisn’tgoodatplayingthepiano.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Howdoesthewomanlook?A.Happy.B.Worried.C.Sleepy.11.Howlongdidthemansleeplastnight?A.Foraboutfivehours.B.Forabouttwohours.C.Foraboutsevenhours.12.Whatwillthemanprobablyaskhisneighbortodotonight?A.Togotosleepearly.B.Tostayathomeatnight.C.Tomakelessnoiseatnight.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13WhichsocialnetworkingwebsiteispopularwithBraziliansandIndians?A.Twitter.B.Orkut.C.Facebook.14.HowmanyactiveusersdoesFacebookhavearoundtheworld?A.Over800million.B.Over80million.C.Over66million.15.WhatwasthewomandoinginIndia?A.Visitingsomefriends.B.Attendingaconference.C.Sightseeing.16.Whatdoesthemanoffertodo?A.Tohelpthewomanpostpictures.B.Toshowthewoman’sfriendsaroundIndia.C.Tocontactthewoman’sfriends.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Howlongdidthemorningclasseslast?A.Fortwohours.B.Forfourhours.C.Forthreehours.18.Whatdidthespeakerneedtoquicklyadapttoatfirst?A.Thecourseschedule.B.Otherclassmates’accent.C.Theteachingmethod.19.Whatdidthespeakerthinkoftheclasses?A.Theywereinteresting.B.Theywererushed.C.Theyweredifficult.20.Whatactivityimpressedthespeakermost?A.Havingcookingclasses.B.Playingboardgames.C.Learningaboutteaculture.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ALifeandHealthInsuranceRiskManagerWantedOurcompanyhaspartneredwithaninternationalinsurerandislookingforafull-timeriskmanagerwithresponsibilityfortheUKLifeandHealthInsurancebusiness.Theroleisinasmallriskteamandissuitedtoahigh-performingindividual.Responsibilities*Supportthechiefriskofficer;*Overseethereportingofhealthandliferisks;*Deliveradviceandcooperatewithsomestakeholders(利益相关者);*Assessrelevantrisksoftechnicalpricingandreinsurance;*Continuouslycontributetothecapitalrequirements,internalmodelreviewanddatamodelprocesses.KeyrequirementsTheindividualwillbeaqualifiedlifeorhealthmanagerwhohasexperienceinriskmanagementorconsulting.YoumustworkintheUK---theseruleshavechangedrecently,sowhenapplying,pleasestateyourqualificationtoworkintheUK.(E.g.Britishpassport,Irishpassport,ILR,settled-status,etc.)Salary￡70,000-￡90,000peryearandperformance-basedsalary.ContactinformationThedeadlineforapplicationsis14thMay,2021.Ifyouareinterested,pleaseapplyhereorcontacttheassociateconsultantAbiLogeswaranatHFGInsuranceRecruitment(招聘).Signintoapplyinstantly.We'dlovetosendyouinformationaboutJobsandServicesfromCareersinRbyemail.Wedonotshareyourinformationwiththirdpartiesformarketingpurposes.ByapplyingforajoblistedonCareersinRyouagreetoourtermsandconditionsandprivacypolicy.Youshouldneverberequiredtoprovidebankaccountdetails.Ifyouare,pleaseemailus.1.Whatdoweknowaboutthejob?A.Ithuntsforachiefriskofficer. B.Itisapart-timejob.C.Itisrelatedtoinsurancebusiness. D.Itinvolvesahigh-riskteam.2.Whichofthefollowingisamustforapplicants?A.Aprofessionalcertificate. B.Theabilitytochangeworkingrules.C.AnIrishpassport. D.Relevantexperience.3.Whatdowehavetodowhenapplyingforthejob?A.HandinourapplicationsbeforeMay. B.Acceptthecompany'sprivacypolicy.C.Offerourbankaccountdetails. D.Giveourinformationtothirdparties.【答案】1.C2.D3.BBFormanypeople,selfies(自拍照)havebeensopopularastobeamust.Newhairstyle?Takeaselfie.Diningout?Selfie.They’veevenbeentakenfrombeyondEarth’satmosphere.AJapaneseastronaut,AkiHoshide,tookonewhilevisitingtheInternationalSpaceStation.Inwhatmaybeoneofthecoolestselfiesofalltime,Hoshidecaughthislikenessalongsidethesun,Earth,aroboticarm,aspacesuitandtheinkydarknessoftheuniverse.In2013,OxfordDictionariesevencrowned“selfie”asthewordoftheyear.Itisn’tdifficulttojudgesomeone’smoodwhenaselfieistaken—theimagesare,bytheirverynature,mood-driven.Whetheryoucaptureyourselfwithasmileorafiercefacialexpression,scientistsarefiguringoutwaystostudyself-portraitstakenbysmartphonesandanalyzewhattheysayaboutyou.Selfiestudieswillallowthemtopredictnotonlythesubject’smood,butalsothemoodofanentireregion.AteamofresearchersledbyDr.LevManovichoftheCityUniversityofNewYorkhasbeenstudyingthousandsofInstagramself-portraitsinselectcities,includingBangkok,Berlin,Moscow,NewYorkandSaoPaulo,toanalyzehowmoodaffectsselfieposes.Whilemanywonderedifitwasevenpossibletodetermineanentirecity’smoodbasedonasmattering(略知)ofself-portraits,thestudyhasdeliveredpromisingresults.Amongthemostinterestingfindings:PeopleinMoscowsmiletheleastofalltheselfiecitiesthatwereanalyzed,whileBangkokandSaoPauloselfiesubjectslookedthehappiest.Theresearcherswereevenabletouncoverdataongenderandagedifferences:Onthewhole,womenweremoreexpressivethanmenintheirself-portraits,butmenolderthan30weremorelikelytopostselfiesonInstagramthanwomen.Anotherstudy,startedbyManovichandresearchersfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiegoandtheCityUniversityofNewYork,studied1millionselfiespostedonTwitter.Isitpossibletojudgeaperson’smood,orevenacity’smoodfromaselfie?Theanswer,researcherssay,isyes.Theyposit(断定)theabilitytomeasure“happiness”ofgeographicregionsusingselfiesandhopetousethemethodasanalternativetotraditionalsurveys.4.WhyistheJapaneseastronautAkiHoshidementioned?A.Topointoutthattakingselfiesisachallenge.B.Toindicatethattakingselfiesisahightechnology.C.Toshowthattakingselfieshasbecomeverypopular.D.Toexplainthattakingselfiesbadlyaffectspeopledlife.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“crowned”inparagraph1mean?A.Capped. B.Honored. C.Topped. D.Completed.6.WhatisthepurposeofDr.LevManovich’sstudy?A.Tocountthenumberofselfielovers.B.Tounderstandwhypeopleloveselfies.C.Toknowwhetherselfiespredictmoods.D.Toresearchtheadvantagesoftakingselfies.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Selfiescanbeusedtojudgeacity’smood.B.PeopleinMoscowmightleadamiserablelife.CLivinginBangkokisthehappiestintheworld.D.Menarelikelytoenjoyselfiesmorethanwomen.【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.ACBritishsculptorJasonTaylorhasmadeithismissiontousehistalenttoconserveourecosystemsbycreatingunderwatermuseums.Overtheyears,theenvironmentalisthasputover850massiveartworksunderwaterworldwide.OnFebruary1,2021,Taylorlaunchedhislatestwork---TheUnderwaterMuseumofCannes.“Themaingoalwastobringattentiontothefactthatouroceansneedourhelp,”TaylortoldDezeen.“OceanecologieshavebeendestroyedbyhumanactivityintheMediterraneanoverthepastfewdecades,anditisnotobviouswhatistakingplacewhenobservingtheseafromafar.”TheUnderwaterMuseumofCannescontains6sculpturesfeaturinglocalresidentsofvariousages.TheyrangefromMaurice,an80-year-oldfisherman,toAnouk,a9-year-oldstudent.Toweringover6-feet-tallandweighing10tons,thefacesaresectionedintotwoparts,withtheouterpartlikeamask.Themaskindicatesthattheworld’soceansappearpowerfulandunbeatablefromthesurfacebuthouseanecosystemthatisextremelyfragiletocarelesshumanactivities.Thoughthewaterssurroundingthesculpturesnowappearapristineblue,theseabedwasfilledwitholdboatengines,pipes,andotherhuman-madetrashwhentheprojectbeganaboutfouryearsago.Besidesremovingthetrash,Tayloralsorestoredthearea’sseagrass.Justonesquaremeteroftheseagrasscangenerateupto10litersofoxygendaily.Theseagrassalsohelpspreventcoastalerosionandprovideshabitatsformanyoceancreatures.“Theideaofcreatinganunderwatermuseumwastodrawmorepeopleunderwateranddevelopasenseofcareandprotection,”TaylortoldDezeen.“Ifwethrewunwantedwastenearaforest,therewouldbeapublicoutcry.Butthisishappeningeverydayinoursurroundingwatersanditlargelygoesunnoticed.”8.whydoesJasonTaylorcreateunderwatermuseums?A.ToprotecttheartworksunderwaterB.Todrawattentiontoendangeredseaanimals.C.Toshowhissculpturetalent.D.Toraiseawarenessofprotectingtheocean.9.Whydoestheouterpartofthesculptureslooklikeamask?A.Topopularizethefeaturesofthelocals.B.Toremindpeopletoprotectthemselves.C.Toreflectpeople’sprotectionoftheocean.D.Tostressthefragilityoftheecosystem.10.What’sParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Howtheprojectwasstarted.B.Howtheseagrasswasrestored.C.Whatrecoveryefforttheprojectmade.D.Whythesurroundingswereimproved.11.WhatcanweinferfromwhatJasonTaylorsaidinthelastparagraph?A.Thesituationoftheoceaniseasilyignored.B.Thedestructioncausedtotheoceanisnoticeable.C.Forestsplayamoreimportantroleinecosystems.D.Peoplehavezerotolerancetodamagedonetonature.【答案】8.D9.D10.C11.ADAspeoplearebecomingmoresociallyconsciousaboutwheretheirfoodcomesfromandhowitimpactstheplanet,theyarechoosinganimal-freeplant-basedoptions.Cow-freemeathasbeenaroundforquitesometimeandthepopularityofbrandsofthecultivated(培育的)meatisrising.Whiletherearealargenumberofplant-basedmilksubstitutes(替代品),noneofthemhavethesametasteofcow’smilk.Now,afood-techcompanycreatedrealdairyproductswithoutharmingasinglecowortheplanet.Thecompanystressesthattheirproductproducedinthelabisnotamilksubstitutebutratheristherealdeal.Anditisveryhealthy.Thecompanyalsosaysthatthelab-producedmilktastesidenticaltotherealthingandtheyhopetoeventuallyreplacecowsbycreatingeverydairyproductsold.Theyexpecttorolloutplant-basedcheeseandyogurtinadditiontomilk.“Ourcompanywasfoundedwiththemissiontostopusinganimalstoproduceourfoodbecause,asdairylovers,werealizethatgivinguponmilkisnotanoption,”Johnsaid.“Buttoday’smilkcomeswithanunreasonablepricetag.Thedairyindustryisdestructivetoourplanet,ourhealth,andouranimals,simplynotsustainable(可持续的)anymore.”Theenvironmentalpricetagofdairyfarmingiswaytoohigh.AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund,dairycowsaddahugeamountofgreenhousegasestotheatmosphereandcontributetoglobalwarmingandclimatechangeaswellaspollutetheairaroundthem.Dairyoperationsconsumelargeamountsofwaterandrun-offofmanure(粪肥)andfertilizersfromthesefarmsgetintolocalwaterways.Theproductionusesonly5percentoftheresourcesandproducesonly1percentofthewasteofproducingcow’smilkaccordingtothecompany.Andtheyaccomplishthisbybeing100percentcruelty-freeunlikedairyfarms.12.What’sthemaindifferencebetweenthefood-techcompany’smilkandothermilksubstitutes?A.Itsprice. B.Itspopularity. C.Itsoutput. D.Itstaste.13.WhatcanweknowfromJohn’swordsinparagraph2?A.We’rewillingtoacceptthepricesofcow’smilk.B.We’resupposedtocloseupthedairyindustries.C.Thecompanyaimstoproduceanimal-freefood.D.Thecompanyintendsustogiveupmilkcompletely.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”probablyrefertointhelastparagraph?A.Dairycows. B.Dairyoperations. C.Localwaterways. D.Greenhousegases.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HealthierMilk,RisingPopularity B.MakingMilkwithoutCowsC.FresherMilk,BetterTaste D.NewMilkSavesPlanet【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B第二节（共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。IsItBadtoCrossYourLegsWhenYouSit?Crossingyourlegsisanextremely,commonhabit;mostpeopledon’tevennoticethatthey’redoingitwhentheysitdown.____16____AstudypublishedinBloodPressureMonitoringstatedthatsittingwithyourlegscrossedcanincreaseyourbloodpressure.Thereasonthishappensisbecausethebloodinyourlegshastoworkagainstgravitytobepumpedbacktoyourheart,crossingonelegovertheotherincreasesresistance,makingitevenharderforthebloodtocirculate.Thiscausesyourbodytoincreaseyourbloodpressuretopushthebloodbacktotheheart.____17____However,ifyousitforlongperiodsoftime,it’simportantthatyoutakenoteofhowlongyouhaveyourlegscrossedfor.Youshouldn’thaveyourlegscrossedformorethan15minutes,andit’simportantthatyougetupandwalkaroundatleastonceeveryhour.____18____Ideally,it’sbestforourbodiestositwithourfeetplantedflat,hip(髋部，臀部)widthapart,onthefloor,butit’snoteasytomaintainperfectpostureallday.Whenyousitwithyourlegscrossedyourhipsareinatwistedposition,whichcancauseoneofyourpelvic(骨盘的)bonestoturn.Sinceyourpelvicbonesupportsyourneck,thiscancausepressureonyourlowerandmiddlebackandneck.Crossingyourlegsatthekneecanalsocausepressureonthemajornerveinyourlegthatpassesjustbelowyourkneeandalongtheoutsideofyourleg,explainsRichardGraves,amedicalexpert.____19____Whilethisfeelingofdiscomfortmayonlylastaminuteortwo,repeatedlycrossingyourlegsuntiltheyfeelnumb(麻木)cancausepermanentnervedamage.____20____Notonlywillithelpyourpostureandstability,butitwillalsosaveyourhealthinthelongrun.A.Itisusuallypracticedunconsciously.B.Youwon’tfeelanyimmediateeffects.C.Crossingyourlegscanalsoleadtoneckandbackpain.D.Sowhenyoutakeaseat,warnyourselfofthebadhabit.E.Crossingyourlegsmightcauseproblemsthatyouarenotawareof.F.Sonexttimeyousitdown,trytositwithbothofyourfeetonthefloor.G.Thispressurecancausenumbnessofsomeofthemusclesinyourfootandleg.【答案】16.E17.B18.C19.G20.F第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完型填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Lifeismadeupofamixtureofgoodandbad,includingmanydisappointments.I’vefoundwhatis____21____,inthemidstofallofthis,istokeephope____22____.Hopegivesuslightinthedarknessand____23____tokeepgoing.TheotherdayIwas____24____byareporterwhowaswritinganarticleabouthowbesttofindajobafterbeing____25____.Wetalkedaboutmanyspecificskillsandtasks,andthenwe____26____whatIbelievetobeatthecenteroftheissue.“It’ssignificanttostayas____27____asonecanandit’salsovitalto____28____asetofsupportingsystemstohelpnotlosehope,”Ishared.“Anattitudeofpossibilitiesandastrongconnectiontohopehelpmanypeople____29____thechallengeoflookingforjobs.”Asacoachandadvisor,Iamfortunateto_____30_____bymyclientsastheywalkthroughmany,manychallenges.Ihave_____31_____thestrength-givinginfluenceofhope.Ihaveseenclients,whocouldhave_____32_____walkedawayindespair(绝望),holdontotheirhopeandfindapathoutoftheirtroubles.Ihaveseenotherswhogetlostintheirdespairandare_____33_____downbythedisappointmentsandstrugglesthey_____34_____ontheirway.“Hopespringseternal(永恒的事务).”“Hope_____35_____theday.”Thereisareasonwhyweare_____36_____withsayingsthatemphasizetheimportanceof_____37_____.Anattitudeofhopeandclear_____38_____ofthefuture,eveninthemidstofstruggle,canhelpuskeepthe“_____39_____”longenoughtoemergeontheotherside._____40_____thepossibilitiesthatarebeneficialtoyou—eveninyourchallengingsituation.Letyourselfkeephopefulthatone,orsome,oftheseareprobable.21.A.simple B.important C.different D.tough22.A.fantastic B.alive C.attractive D.amazing23.A.energy B.relief C.excitement D.convenience24.A.requested B.interrupted C.interviewed D.debated25.A.laidoff B.takenoff C.putoff D.brokenoff26.A.abandoned B.discovered C.handled D.admired27.A.positive B.elegant C.delighted D.distinct28.A.build B.master C.transform D.reform29.A.getacross B.breakdown C.breakthrough D.getthrough30.A.drop B.pass C.call D.stand31.A.experienced B.proceeded C.confirmed D.witnessed32.A.hardly B.precisely C.easily D.rarely33.A.passed B.poured C.put D.beaten34.A.touch B.face C.worry D.realize35.A.causes B.lightens C.disappoints D.concerns36.A.satisfied B.consistent C.content D.surrounded37.A.optimism B.enthusiasm C.embarrassment D.entertainment38.A.fantasies B.search C.expectations D.pursuit39.A.credit B.thought C.faith D.outcome40.A.Make B.Guarantee C.Imagine D.Ensure【答案】21.B22.B23.A24.C25.A26.B27.A28.A29.D30.D31.D32.C33.D34.B35.B36.D37.A38.C39.C40.C第二节语法填空题（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。IntheChineselanguage,Yaodongmeans“kilncave”,namedduetothebuilding’sarchedinterior(拱形的内部),whichlooksliketheinsideofakiln.TheseYaodongsare____41____(common)foundinthenorthcentralprovincesofChinasuchasShanxi,Shaanxi,GansuandHenan,____42____arelocatedontheLoessPlateau(黄土高原).Yaodongscanbedividedintodifferenttypes,____43____(depend)onthetopography(地形)ofthe____44____(region)inwhichtheywerebuilt.Forinstance，wherehillsareavailable,Yaodongsmaybebuiltintotheslopes(斜坡),andahillmaycontainseveralstoriesofYaodongs.ThecontinuoususeofYaodongsontheLoessPlateauoverthemillenniacanperhapsbeattributedtotheirhighlyeconomicalandefficientdesign.When____45____comestobuildingmaterials,onlythelocalloesssoilfromtheplateauisrequiredforthebuildingofYaodongs.Additionally,thethickearthenwallsareabletokeeptheinteriorofYaodongscoolduringthesummerandwarmduringthewinter.Inthelastdecade,theYaodongs____46____(bring)totheattentionofscientistsandresearchers.Thesetraditionaldwellings(住所)havebeenregarded____47____anexampleofsustainabledesign.IthasbeenconsideredthatYaodongsare____48____reflectionofakeytraditionalChineseconcept—the____49____(harmony)relationshipbetweenhumanbeingsandnature.AlthoughYaodongsmaybeauniquefeatureoftheLoessPlateau，theidea_____50____