Medical Statistics（医学统计学）知到智慧树章节测试课后答案2024年秋宁波大学

MedicalStatistics（医学统计学）知到智慧树章节测试课后答案2024年秋宁波大学第一章单元测试

Whichofthefollowingbelongstocontinuousnumericalvariable?（）

A:bloodtypeB:gender.C:ageD:country

答案:ageWhatistherangeofprobabilityPforarandomevent?（）

A:-1≤P≤0B:-1≤P≤1C:0≤P≤1D:P=1

答案:0≤P≤1Whichofthefollowingcannotbeavoidedduringsampling?（）

A:samplingerrorB:samplesizeistoolargeC:samplesizeistoosmallD:personalerror

答案:samplingerrorLow,medianandhighbelongto_____?（）

A:CountingdataB:MeasuringdataC:RawdataD:Orderingdata

答案:OrderingdataWhichofthefollowingbelongstodiscretenumericalvariable________?（）

A:WeightB:NumberofchildreninafamilyC:CancerdegreeD:Height

答案:NumberofchildreninafamilyWhichoneofthefollowingvariablesisnotcategorical?（）

A:Choiceonatestitem:trueorfalse.B:Maritalstatusofaperson(single,married,divorced,other)C:Genderofaperson:maleorfemale.D:Ageofaperson.

答案:Ageofaperson.Whichofthefollowingbelongstothemeasurementdata________.（）

A:WBCcountsB:curativeeffectC:genderD:bloodtype

答案:WBCcountsWhichofthefollowingbelongstocategoricalvariable________.（）

A:genderofpeopleinaspecificregion.B:daysstayinginhospitalC:heartrateD:scoreofIQ

答案:genderofpeopleinaspecificregion.

第二章单元测试

Themeasureofdispersionmostcommonlyusedinconjunctionwiththearithmeticmeanisthe:（）

A:interquartilerangeB:rangeC:varianceD:standarddeviation

答案:standarddeviationSimplybyscanningthevaluesineachdistributionbelow,identifythedistributionwiththesmalleststandarddeviation.（）

A:80,80,80,80,80,80,80,80,80,80B:6,6,9,10,11,12,14,17,20,90C:7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16D:9,9,9,10,10,10,10,11,11,11

答案:80,80,80,80,80,80,80,80,80,80Themostcommonlyusedmeasureofcentrallocationforantibodytitersisthe:（）

A:modeB:geometricmeanC:medianD:arithmeticmean

答案:geometricmeanWhichrangecharacterizestheinterquartilerange?（）

A:From1.96standarddeviationsbelowthemeanto1.96standarddeviationsabovethemeanB:From10thpercentileto90thpercentileC:From5thpercentileto95thpercentileD:From25thpercentileto75thpercentile

答案:From25thpercentileto75thpercentileAllofthefollowingaremeasuresofdispersionEXCEPT:（）

A:standarddeviationB:interquartilerangeC:medianD:range

答案:median

第三章单元测试

Whichofthefollowingisnotapplicabletodescribecategoricaldata?（）

A:MeanB:RateC:ProportionD:Ratio

答案:MeanWhichofthefollowingreferstothefrequencyofagiveneventduringorafteracertaintimeperiod?（）

A:MeanB:RatioC:RateD:Proportion

答案:RateWhichofthefollowingisTRUE?（）

A:Thefrequencyisatime-dependentindicator.B:Ifthetotalnumberofobservationsisnotsufficient,theresultsshouldbeexpressedinrelativenumber.C:Theratiocanbeusedtoexplainthefrequency.D:Whentherateiscomputedbasedonasampledata,itusuallyshouldbeadjustedaccordingtothecompositionofthepopulation

答案:Whentherateiscomputedbasedonasampledata,itusuallyshouldbeadjustedaccordingtothecompositionofthepopulationThereare120patientswithacertaindisease,including114malesand6females,accountingfor95%and5%respectively.Theconclusionis（）

A:NoconclusioncanbedrawnB:Thesusceptibilityratesofmaleandfemalepatientsarethesame.C:Thediseaseiseasytogetinmen.D:Thediseaseiseasytogetinwomen

答案:NoconclusioncanbedrawnThecrudemortalityofmalignanttumorsincountyAishigherthanthatinCountyB.Afterstandardization,thestandardizedmortalityofmalignanttumorsincountyAislowerthanthatinCountyB.Themostlikelyreasonis（）

A:TheproportionoftheelderlypopulationinthetotalpopulationincountyAislargerthanthatinCountyBB:ThecancerpreventionandtreatmentworkincountyAisbetterthanthatinCountyBC:TheproportionoftheelderlypopulationinthetotalpopulationincountyAissmallerthanthatinCountyBD:HighdiagnosticlevelincountyA

答案:TheproportionoftheelderlypopulationinthetotalpopulationincountyAislargerthanthatinCountyB

第四章单元测试

Whichofthefollowingstatisticalchartsappliestoacontinuousvariable（）

A:BargraphB:Linegraph’C:HistogramD:Scattergraph

答案:HistogramPiechartscanbeusedtodescribe（）

A:thedevelopmentspeedofphenomenaB:thefrequencydistributionofphenomenaC:thechangingtrendofphenomenaD:theinternalstructureofphenomena

答案:theinternalstructureofphenomenaWhichofthefollowingstatisticaltableisnotmadecorrectly（）

A:StatisticaltablesgenerallyuseheaderstoindicatethemeaningandunitsofthedataB:ThenumbersinthetablearealignedtothedecimalplacesC:ThetitleofthestatisticaltableisplacedatthetopofthetableD:Themoreinformationinatable,thebetter

答案:Themoreinformationinatable,thebetterTocomparetheincidencerateofthreediseasesinacertainareainacertainyear,wecandraw（）

A:linechartB:straightbarchartC:histogramD:circularchart

答案:straightbarchartTorepresentthecomponentratioofvariouscausesofdeathinacertainplaceinacertainyear,wecandraw（）

A:straightbarchartB:linechartC:circularchartD:histogram

答案:circularchart

第五章单元测试

ThesmallertheStandarderrorofsamplemeanis,（）

A:thegreaterthereliabilityofestimatingthepopulationmeanfromthesamplemeanB:thesmallerthevariationoftheobservedindividualC:thelargerthevariationoftheobservedindividualD:thegreaterthesamplingerroris

答案:thegreaterthereliabilityofestimatingthepopulationmeanfromthesamplemeanThecauseofsamplingerroris（）

A:dataarenotnormallydistributedB:measurementisinaccurateC:sampleisnotrandomlyselectedD:individualdifferences

答案:individualdifferencesAccordingtothesampledata,the95%confidenceintervalofwhitebloodcellcountinhealthyadultsis,whichmeans（）

A:Itisestimatedthat95%oftheobservationsinthepopulationarewithinthisrangeB:Theprobabilityoftheoverallmeaninthisintervalis95%C:Theprobabilitythatthisintervalcontainsthesamplemeanis95%D:Theprobabilitythatthisintervalcontainsthepopulationmeanis95%

答案:Theprobabilitythatthisintervalcontainsthepopulationmeanis95%Whensamplingfromapopulationofmeasurementdata.Ifthesamplesizeisincreased,therewillbe（）

A:decreaseinstandarddeviationB:decreaseofstandarderrorC:increaseofstandarderrorD:increaseinstandarddeviation

答案:decreaseofstandarderrorInthesamepopulation,multiplerandomsamplesareusedtoestimatethe95%confidenceintervalofthepopulationmean.Themostreliableis（）

A:sampleswithsmallstandarddeviationB:sampleswithsmallmeanC:sampleswithsmallstandarderrorD:sampleswithlargestandarderror

答案:sampleswithsmallstandarderror

第六章单元测试

IftheP-valueislargerthan0.05,thenullhypothesisistrue.（）

A:对B:错

答案:错Practicalsignificanceisnotthesameasstatisticalsignificance.（）

A:错B:对

答案:对Itisalwaysbettertouseasignificancelevelof=0.05thantouse=0.01becauseitiseasiertofindstatisticalsignificance.（）

A:对B:错

答案:错Aresearcherteststhefollowingnullhypothesis:（）

A:对B:错

答案:错AstudysummarysaysthattheresultsarestatisticallysignificantandtheP-valueis0.98.（）

A:对B:错

答案:错Statisticallysignificantatthe=0.01levelmeansthereisonly1%probabilitythatthenullhypothesisistrue.（）

A:错B:对

答案:错

第七章单元测试

Whendoingthehypothesistest,whichsituationmaymakethetype2error?（）

A:Ifistrue,P>0.05,notrejectB:Ifistrue,P<0.05,reject,acceptC:Ifisfalse,P>0.05,notrejectD:Ifisfalse,P<0.05,reject

答案:Ifisfalse,P>0.05,notrejectForthetwoindependentsamplesttest,ifbothofthetwosamplesizeisn,thenthedegreeoffreedomis:（）

A:2n-2B:2nC:2n-1D:n-1

答案:2n-2Fortwoindependentsamplesttest,thesmallerthePvalue,then:（）

A:thegreaterthedifferencebetweenthetwopopulationsB:thegreaterreasontobelievethatthetwopopulationsaredifferentC:thesmallerthedifferencebetweenthetwopopulationsD:thegreaterthedifferencebetweenthetwosamplemeans

答案:thegreaterreasontobelievethatthetwopopulationsaredifferentForonesamplettest,ift=8.91,,accordingtoα=0.05,thecorrectconclusionis:（）

A:B:C:D:

答案:Hemoglobin(Hb)of25lead-exposedworksweretested,themeanofHbwas130.83g/L,andSDis25.74g/L.ItisknownthattheaverageHbofnormaladultmenis140g/L.IsthereanydifferenceinHbbetweenlead-exposedworkersandnormaladultmen?Theappropriatehypothesistestis:（）

A:onesamplet-testB:independentsamplest-testC:matchedorpairedsamplest-testD:notabovetest

答案:onesamplet-test

第八章单元测试

ThebasicideaandkeypointsofANOVAare（）

A:ThetotalvariationanditsdegreeoffreedomcanbedecomposedaccordingtodifferentsourcesB:TheratiooftwovariancesobeysFdistributionC:ThemeansquarebetweengroupisgreaterthanthemeansquarewithingroupD:Themeansquarewithingroupisgreaterthanthemeansquarebetweengroup

答案:ThetotalvariationanditsdegreeoffreedomcanbedecomposedaccordingtodifferentsourcesOneoftheapplicationconditionsofANOVAishomogeneityofvariance（）

A:Thecorrespondingsamplevarianceofeachcomparisongroupisequal.B:Totalvariance=Variancebetweengroup+Variancebetweengroup=VariancewithingroupC:Variancebetweengroup=VariancewithingroupD:Thecorrespondingpopulationvarianceofeachcomparisongroupisequal

答案:ThecorrespondingpopulationvarianceofeachcomparisongroupisequalThemeansquarebetweengroupsincompletelyrandomizeddesignanalysisofvariancereflectsthat（）

A:RandommeasurementerrorsizeB:ProcessingfactoreffectandrandomerrorC:TheaveragelevelofvarianceineachgroupD:Effectsizeofacertainfactor

答案:ProcessingfactoreffectandrandomerrorForthecomparisonofthetwogroupsofdata,therelationshipbetweenANOVAandt-testwasasfollows（）

A:TtestresultsaremoreaccurateB:AnalysisofvarianceresultsaremoreaccurateC:CompleteequivalenceD:Approximateequivalence

答案:CompleteequivalenceInananalysisofvarianceofmultigroups,ifp<0.05,whatweshoulddonext?（）

A:MultiplecomparisonB:TestfornormalityC:T-testoftwomeansD:Testforhomogeneityofvariance

答案:Multiplecomparison

第九章单元测试

Inwhichcase,performingχ2testforfour-foldtable,thecontinuitycorrectionisnecessary.（）

A:T＜5andn≥40B:T＜1orn＜40C:T≥5orn≥40D:1≤T＜5andn≥40

答案:T≥5orn≥40Inwhichcase,performingχ2testforfour-foldtable,thecontinuitycorrectionisnecessary?（）

A:1≤T＜5andn≥40B:T≥5andn≥40C:T≥5orn≥40D:T＜1orn＜40

答案:1≤T＜5andn≥40Inwhichcase,performingχ2testforfour-foldtable,theFisherexacttestshouldbeused?（）

A:T≥5orn≥40B:T≥5andn≥40C:1≤T＜5andn≥40D:T＜1orn＜40

答案:T＜1orn＜40Thepurposeofthetestofdifferencebetweenthetwosampleratesis（）

A:inferwhetherthedifferencebetweenthetwopopulationratesissignificantB:inferwhetherthetwosampleratesaredifferentC:inferwhetherthereisadifferencebetweenthetwosampleratesandthetwopopulationratesD:inferthedifferencebetweenthetwopopulationrates

答案:inferwhetherthedifferencebetweenthetwopopulationratesissignificantThedegreeoffreedomofchi-squaretestis（）

A:RC-1B:(R-1)(C-1)C:R-1D:C-1

答案:(R-1)(C-1)

第十章单元测试

Comparedwithparametrictest,theadvantagesofnonparametricranksumtestareasfollows:（）

A:WideapplicationrangeB:hightestefficiencyC:ThetestresultsaremoreaccurateD:Makefulluseofinformation

答案:WideapplicationrangeForthecomparisonofmeasurementdata,thenonparametricmethodisusedtoanalyzeundertheconditionthattheparametermethodissatisfied（）

A:AddtypeIerrorB:ReducetypeIerrorsC:reducetypeIIerrorsD:addtypeIIerror

答案:addtypeIIerrorRanksumtestoftwosamplescomparison:ifthesamplesizeisfixed,thegreaterthedifferencebetweenthetwogroupsofranksumindicates（）

A:thesmallerthedifferencebetweenthetwopopulationsB:ThegreaterthedifferencebetweenthetwopopulationsC:ThemorereasontosaythatthereisnodifferencebetweenthetwopopulationsD:Thegreaterthedifferencebetweenthetwosamples,themorereasonablethedifferencebetweenthetwopopulations

答案:Thegreaterthedifferencebetweenthetwosamples,themorereasonablethedifferencebetweenthetwopopulationsInaclinicaltrialstudy,thecurativeeffectisdividedintofourgrades:"cured,markedlyeffective,effectiveandineffective".Now,ifyouwanttocomparethetreatmenteffectbetweentheexperimentalgroupandthecontrolgroup,theappropriatestatisticalmethodis（）。

A:chisquaretestB:contingencychisquaretestC:FisherexacttestD:WilcoxonRankSumtest(Mann-WhitneyUtest)

答案:WilcoxonRankSumtest(Mann-WhitneyUtest)Comparedwiththet-test,theadvantageoftheRankSumtestis（）

A:HighinspectionefficiencyB:SmallsamplingerrorC:ThecalculationissimpleandnotrestrictedbydistributionD:Theformulaismorereasonable

答案:Thecalculationissimpleandnotrestrictedbydistribution

第十一章单元测试

Ifwewanttoanalyzethelinearrelationshipbetweentwoquantitativevariableswithnormaldistribution,whatmethodcanweuse?（）

A:SpearmanrankcorrelationB:PearsoncorrelationC:ANOVAD:ttest

答案:PearsoncorrelationIfwewanttoanalyzetherelationshipsbetweentheoutcomes(cured,markedlyeffective,effectiveandineffective)oftwodrugstreatment,whatmethodcanweuse?（）

A:PearsoncorrelationB:SpearmanRankcorrelationC:ttestD:ANOVA

答案:SpearmanRankcorrelationIfwewanttopredictthevalueofonevariableaccordingtothevalueofanothervariable.Supposethetwovariablesfollownormaldistribution.What