专项突破18 过去完成时-备战2023年中考英语高频考点专项突破【考点详解+真题】（原卷版）

专项18过去完成时备战2023年中考英语精选考点专项突破命题趋势：动词的时态和语态是中考出现频率较高的语法项目之一。考题多以具体的语境为主，体现了对语法知识、语境理解、语言交际能力的综合考查。过去完成时不是考频较高的一个知识点，但是是难度较大的一个知识点。中考考查重点：过去完成时的用法和构成过去完成时的用法1.表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，即＂过去的过去＂。通常与by，before连用。Wehadlearned5,000wordsbytheendoflastmonth.到上个月底，我们已经学了5，000个单词。2.表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for,since构成的时间状语连用。I

had

been

at

the

bus

stop

for

20

minutes

when

a

bus

finally

came.

当公共汽车来的时候，我在车站已等了20分钟。3.过去完成时需要与一个表示过去的时间状语连用，它不能离开过去时间而独立存在此时多与already,yet,still,just,before,never等时间副词及by,before,until等引导的短语或从句连用。BeforeshecametoChina,GracehadtaughtEnglishinamiddleschoolforaboutfiveyears.Peterhadcollectedmorethan300Chinesestampsbythetimehewasten.4.过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，而且动作尚未结束，仍然有继续下去的可能。Bytheendoflastyear,hehadworkedinthefactoryfortwentyyears.（hadworked已有了20年，还有继续进行下去的可能）由时间状语来判定一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：1.by+过去的时间点。Ihadfinishedreadingthenovelbynineo’clocklastnight.2.bytheendof+过去的时间点。WehadlearnedovertwothousandEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.3.before+过去的时间点。TheyhadplantedsixhundredtreesbeforelastWednesday.过去完成时与一般过去时的区别虽然这两种时态都表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，但在使用时应注意以下几点：1.时间状语不同：过去完成时在时间上强调＂过去的过去＂；而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。试比较：Theyhadarrivedatthestationbytenyesterday.Theyarrivedatthestationattenyesterday.2.在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时，谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断：先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的则用一般过去时。如：Shewasveryhappy.Herwholefamilywerepleasedwithher,too.Shehadjustwonthefirstinthecompositioncompetition.3.当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用and或but连接时，按时间顺序，只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时；另外，在before,after,assoonas引导的从句中，由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间的先后，因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。如：Heenteredtheroom,turnedonthelightandreadaneveningpaper.I(had)calledherbeforeIlefttheoffice.过去完成时与现在完成时的区别现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关，其结构为＂助动词have(has)+过去分词＂；过去完成时则是一个相对的时态，它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去，更强调＂过去的过去＂，只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时，才用到它。试比较：Ihavelearned1000Englishwordssofar.到目前为止我已经学会了1000个英语单词。Ihadlearned1000Englishwordstillthen.到那时为止我已经学会了1000个英语单词。—I’msorrytokeepyouwaiting.对不起，让你久等了。—Oh,notatall.Ihavebeenhereonlyafewminutes.没什么，我只等了几分钟。（＂等＂的动作从过去某一时间点持续到现在）—Johnreturnedhomeyesterday.约翰昨天回到家的。—Wherehadhebeen?他去哪儿了？（答语中使用过去完成时是指约翰在returnedhome之前去了哪些地方，即＂过去的过去＂）过去完成时的构成had+动词的过去分词1．（2021·湖北襄阳·中考真题）这些德国人在到襄阳前就已经习惯吃牛肉面了。（be）_________________beforetheycametoXiangyang.2．（2021·上海·中考真题）“HaveyouvisitedtheNationalBookExpo?”Lindaaskedme.（改为间接引语）Lindaaskedme________I________visitedtheNationalBookExpo.1．（2022·四川省成都市盐道街中学二模）—WhathappenedtoyouonAprilFool’sDay?—IwastheonlyoneatschoolonSaturday,IrealizedthatI________bymyclassmates.A．amfooled B．hadfooled C．hadbeenfooled2．（2022·上海浦东新·二模）Lisafeltveryhappyasshe________wellinareadingcontestthedaybefore.A．does B．did C．hasdone D．haddone3．（2022·上海·模拟预测）Bythetimetheygotthere,thebigfire________.A．hadputout B．hadbeenputout C．hadputoff D．hadbeenputoff4．（2022·上海·模拟预测）Bythetimewe________therailwaystation,thetrain________fortenminutes.A．gotto;hadbeenaway B．reached;hadleftC．arrived;hadbeenaway D．arrivedat;hasleft5．（2022·上海·模拟预测）Howlong_________thefilm________whenhegottothecinema?A．did;begin B．has;begunC．had;beenon D．had;begun6．（2022·重庆·模拟预测）Bythetimeshegottoschoolyesterday,thefirstclass________fortenminutes.A．hadbegun B．begun C．hasbegun D．hadbeenon7．（2022·上海·模拟预测）Bytheendoflastyear,thecharity________overtenthousandhomelesspeople.A．helps B．hashelped C．willhelp D．hadhelped8．（2022·吉林·长春市第四十八中学模拟预测）Bytheendoflastmonth,I_____alltheCDsofJustinBieber.A．collect B．collected C．havecollected D．hadcollected9．（2022·甘肃·永昌县教学研究室一模）Whenthedoctorarrived,thepatient_________forjustoneminute.A．hasdied B．haddied C．hasbeendead D．hadbeendead10．（2022·黑龙江佳木斯·三模）Bythetimetheygotthere,theconcert________.A．wasbeginning B．hadbegun C．willbegin11．（2022·上海松江·二模）Thestudentsinourschool________about8,000yuanforSPCAbythistimeyesterday.A．areraising B．wereraising C．hasraised D．hadraised12．（2022·上海普陀·二模）Bytheendoflastyear,Roy________inthatpostofficeforthirtyyears.A．worked B．wouldwork C．hadworked D．hasworked13．（2022·上海宝山·二模）Emilyandherparents________eachotherforweeksbyyesterdayafternoon.A．didn’tsee B．haven’tseen C．hadn’tseen D．wouldn’tsee14．（2022·上海奉贤·二模）Bytheageof15,SuYiming_______totrainonthenationalteam.A．began B．hasbegun C．willbegin D．hadbegun15．（2022·甘肃·天水市麦积区教学研究室一模）WhenIgottothecinema,themovie________fortenminutes.A．hasbeenover B．hasstopped C．hadbeenon D．hadbegun16．（2022·吉林长春·一模）—Ihearthebeginningofthismovieisveryexciting.—Whatapity!WhenIgottothecinemayesterday,thefilm________for10minutes.A．began B．hasbegun C．hasbeenon D．hadbeenon17．（2022·北京·模拟预测）________32yearsold,ProfessorWanghadwritten8novels,5ofwhicharebest-sellers.A．At B．For C．Since D．By18．（2022·湖北孝感·一模）—Whydidyouthrowawaythatpairofsportsshoes?—BecauseI________itforalmosttwoyears.A．haveworn B．puton C．hadworn D．haveputon19．（2022·甘肃平凉·一模）BythetimeIleftthatschool,I________Englishfortwoyears.A．havelearned B．hadlearned C．learned D．haslearned20．（2022·江苏无锡·二模）Mr.Whitewasabouttolockthecardoor________herealizedhe________thekeyinthecar.A．after;wouldleave B．until;left C．while;hadleft D．when;hadleft21．（2022·上海浦东新·一模）Steventoldmethathe________writingthereportaweekbefore.A．finish B．finishes C．finishing D．hadfinished22．（2022·上海·一模）Mumwassurprisedtofindherlittleson________allhersuitcasesalready.A．waspacking B．haspacked C．hadpacked D．wouldpack23．（2022·辽宁鞍山·一模）—Youdidn’twatchthemovie?—Yes,butbythetimeI______tothecinema,themovie______forseveralminutes.A．got;hasbegun B．got;hadbeenonC．got;hadbegun D．got;hasbeenon24．（2022·四川·富顺第三中学校二模）Wewerelateforthefilmlastnight.It________for15minuteswhenwearrivedatthecinema.A．hasbegun B．hasbeenon C．hadbeenon25．（2022·江苏·星海实验中学二模）—Theraincametoastopthenightbefore.Thefieldsarestillfullofwater.—It_____fornearlyaweek.A．hasrained B．hadrained C．wouldrain D．wasraining26．（2022·上海嘉定·二模）Bytheendoflastyear,Stevecomputerscienceinauniversityfortwoyears.A．studies B．hasstudiedC．hadstudied D．isstudying27．（2022·江苏宿迁·一模）—Theyhadmemorizedmostofthenewwordsinthetextbook________oflastterm.—Youmean________ofthenewwords?A．attheend;one-third B．intheend;four-fifthsC．bytheend;three-fourths D．bytheend;three-quarter28．（2022·上海静安·二模）Theheadmastersaidallthestudents________already________learningonlinefortwomonths.A．were...keeping B．were...kept C．have...kept D．had...kept29．（2022·上海长宁·二模）ImetTonylastTuesday.We________intou