（高考英语作文炼句）第62篇译文老师笔记

PAGEPAGE11.成功是许多人奋斗的目标,但这个目标并非每个人都能实现.在考虑决定一个人在人生中是否成功的多种因素时,我们最先想到的两个因素是雄心与行动.Successissomethingthatmanypeople

strivefor(1.奋斗),butthatnoteveryoneamongusattains.Whenweconsiderthevariousfactorsthatplayaroleindeterminingwhetherapersonissuccessfulinlife,ambitionandactionaretwoofthefirstto

cometomind(2.马上想起).

1-奋斗strivefor这里but是连词,并列的是两个定从,补全句子有助于理解：Successissomethingthatnoteveryoneamongusattains.

词典释义：strive

[straɪv]

(stroveorstrived,strivenorstrived)

verb

intransitive

ADVANCED

■totryveryhardtodosomethingortomakesomethinghappen,especiallyforalongtimeoragainstdifficulties

(尤指长期或不畏艰难地)努力,奋斗,力争

•[+

to

infinitive]MrRoehaskindledexpectationsthathemustnow

strive

to

liveupto.罗先生激发了人们的期望,现在他必须努力不辜负这种期望.•Inherwritingshestrove

for

abalancebetweeninnovationandfamiliarproseforms.她在写作中力图在创新和传统散文形式之间取得平衡.

外刊例句：Justaswe

strivefor

diversityinourworkforce,weshouldalsostrivefordiversityofthoughtandexperienceonourboards.

()正如我们得努力争取职员多样化一样,我们也得努力让董事会上充满各种各种的思想与经验.

替换表达：strugglefor/fightfor

2-马上想起的事情thefirsttocometomind序数词后一般跟todo形式的非谓语作定语.

词典释义：come/spring/tomind

phrase

ifsomethingcomestomind,suddenlyyourememberitorstarttothinkaboutit

Theyaskedformycomments,butnothingsprangtomind.

外刊例句：Ifyouhadtochooseadogbreedtotietogetherthemesofmortality,disease,depressionandthwartedambition,it’sunlikelythat

thefirsttocometomind

wouldbeasmooth-haireddachshund.

()若要选一种狗与诸如死亡、疾病、沮丧和挫败等主题相联系,那么你首先想到的肯定不会是那毛茸茸的腊肠狗.

替换表达：occur

tosomebody

2.很多人都有梦想或抱负,但并不是所有人都愿意投入时间和精力去让他们的目标到达终点.Manypeoplehavedreamsoraspirations,butnotallofthemarewillingto

committhetimeandenergy

(1.投入时间和精力)requiredtoseetheirgoalsthroughto

thefinishline(2.终点线).

1-投入时间和精力committhetimeandenergy某一次的时间和精力(力气)中,精力是不可数名词,用单数形式;如果是复数形式的energies则取的含义是一个人"全部的注意力、心神”,例如Shehadstartedtodevoteherenergiestoteachingratherthanperforming...她已经开始将精力从表演转移到教学中./Wemustconcentrateourenergiesontreatingaddictionfirst.我们必须首先集中精力治疗毒瘾.

词典释义：commit[kə'mɪt]

verb

(-tt-)

PROMISE

承诺

IMPROVER

intransitive

or

transitive

■topromiseorgiveyourloyalty,timeormoneytoaparticularprinciple,personorplanofaction

承诺,保证;(使)忠于;(使)致力于;投入(时间或金钱)

•[R]Likesomanymen,hehasproblemscommittinghimself

to

arelationship.像许多男人一样,他也有用情不专的问题.•Thegovernmentmust

commit

itself

to

improving

healthcare.政府必须致力改善医疗保健服务.•Oncewehavecommitted

to

thiscourseofactionthereisnogoingback.一旦我们承诺采取这个行动,就没有回头路.

外刊例句：Overtime,wehadmetwithnumerouscelebritiesaspiringtobreaktheirwayintothefashionindustry,butonlyaselectfewseemedwillingto

committhetimeandenergy

requiredtobuildabrandthatcouldstandthetestoftime.

()长久以来,我们遇到过无数志在于时尚界大展鸿图的名人,但仅极少数愿意投入足够精力来建立起经久不衰的品牌.

2-终点线thefinishline

词典释义：finishinglinealso

'finishline

AmE

1.

thefinishinglinethelineatwhicharaceends〔比赛的〕终点线：•Jamescrossedthefinishlineinjustunderfourminutes.詹姆斯不到四分钟就冲过了终点线.

外刊例句：The

TourdeFrancecelebratedits100thanniversaryonSaturdayJune29th,with198cyclistssettingofffromPorto-Vecchio,Corsicaona3,404km(2,115mile)racetothefinishline

ontheChampsÉlyséesinParis.

()环法自行车大赛将于六月29日庆祝其100周年纪念日,届时将有198名自行车赛车手历经3404公里,从韦基奥港到达香谢丽大街,进行最后冲刺.

3.人们可能会因为一些原因而无法实现他们的抱负,比如懒惰、厌恶风险或者信心不足.然而,那些真正希望能获得成功的人必须克服这些障碍,并且学会采取行动.Peoplemayfailtoactontheirambitionsforavarietyofreasons,suchaslaziness,

riskaversion

(1.厌恶风险)oralackofconfidence.However,thosewhotrulywishtosucceedmustovercomethese

barriers

(2.障碍)andlearntotakeaction.

1-厌恶风险riskaversion这里acton并不直译为"实现”,合适的直译含义是"按照……来行动”,即failtoactontheirambitionsforavarietyofreasons,suchaslaziness直译为"由于各种原因没能按照自己的目标来行动,例如懒惰”.这个短语是要表达,不是因为努力到最后没有实现,而是从一开始就行动不足(failtoacton).

词典释义：aversionUK

[ə'vɜ：.ʃən/

UK

[-ʒən]

US

[-'vɝ：.ʒən]

noun

countableusuallysingular

■(apersonorthingwhichcauses)afeelingofstrongdislikeorofnotwishingtodosomething

厌恶,反感;讨厌的人(或事物)

•Ifeltaninstant

aversion

to

hisparents.我立刻对他的父母产生了反感.•Shehasadeep

aversion

to

getting

upinthemorning.早上她很不愿意起床.•Greedismy

pet

aversion

(=thethingIdislikemostofall).我最痛恨贪得无厌.

外刊例句：Theexperimentersthenbegantotesttheiranimals'

riskaversion.Theydidthisbyofferingthemthreedifferenttradingregimesinsuccession.

()这些研究者随后给测试者接连提供三种贸易制度,来测试出他们对于动物的厌恶程度.

学生错误表达：Hate

hazard点评：hazard一般指"危险物,危害物”,例如：ahealth/firehazard健康／火灾隐忧,hazard用在该语境中不合适.

2-障碍barriers

词典释义：barrier

●●●○○1.N-COUNT可数名词

障碍;壁垒;阻碍

A

barrier

issomethingsuchasarule,law,orpolicythatmakesitdifficultorimpossibleforsomethingtohappenorbeachieved.•Dutiesandtaxesarethemostobvious

barrier

tofreetrade.关税和税收是自由贸易的最大壁垒.2.N-COUNT可数名词

隔阂;阻碍

A

barrier

isaproblemthatpreventstwopeopleorgroupsfromagreeing,communicating,orworkingwitheachother.•Thereisnoreasonwhyloveshouldn'tcrosstheage

barrier...爱没有理由不能跨越年龄的阻碍.

•ShehadbeenwaitingforSimontobreakdownthe

barrier

betweenthem...她一直在等待西蒙打破他们之间的隔阂.

•Whenyougetinvolvedinsportsandathletes,alotoftheracial

barriersarebrokendown.当你参与到体育运动中的时候,很多种族隔阂就消失了.

外刊例句：Theansweristhatthereareabunchof

barriers

thatgetintheway.

()我们在这里四处碰壁,这就是答案.

替换表达：surmountdifficulties/obstacles

4.取得成功是一个循序渐进的过程;我们可能需要数年,甚至数十年的时间才能发挥我们的潜力.雄心能给我们带来希望与乐观,使我们精神高昂,并且帮助我们保持健康的精神状态,从而使我们拥有耐心和力量不断前行,直到我们实现追求.Achievingsuccessis

agradualprocess(1.循序渐进的过程);itmaytakeusseveralyears,orevendecades,torealizeourpotential.Ambitioncanprovideuswithhopeandoptimism,

keepourspiritshigh(2.使我们精神高昂),andhelpusto

maintainastateofspiritualwell-being

(3.保持健康的精神状态)sothatwehavethepatienceandstrengthtoforgeaheaduntilwehavesucceededinourendeavors.

1-循序渐进的过程agradualprocess

词典释义：gradual['græd.jʊ.əl]['grædʒ.ʊ.əl]

adjective

IMPROVER

■happeningorchangingslowlyoveralongperiodoftimeordistance

逐步的,逐渐的;平缓的

•Therehasbeena

gradual

improvement

inoursalesfiguresoverthelasttwoyears.在过去的两年里,我们的销售额一直在逐步上升.•Asyougofurthersouth,youwillnoticea

gradual

change

ofclimate.当你一路往南走下去的时候,你就会注意到气候的细微变化.

外刊例句：The

gradualprocess

ofopeningtheSaudistockmarkettoforeigninvestorshastakenasignificantstepforwardwiththeannouncementthatnon-residentswillbeentitledtotradeinlocalstocksthroughSaudiintermediaries.

()沙特政府逐步开放该国股票市场给国外投资者,这是向前迈进的重要一步,而且它还宣布无公民资格者也可通过当地人来投资本地股票市场.

替换表达：a

step-by-stepprocess

2-使我们精神高昂keepourspiritshigh

词典释义：high16.ADJ-GRADED能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词

兴奋的;兴高采烈的

Ifyourspiritsare

high,youfeelhappyandexcited.•Herspiritswere

high

withthehopeofseeingNickinminutesratherthanhours.她很兴奋,因为再过几分钟而不是几小时后就有希望见到尼克了.

外刊例句：Weareencouragedtoshoptosupporttheeconomy,buttherearebetterwaysto

keepour

spiritshigh

intimesofrecession.()(政府)鼓励我们去多购物来支援经济,但(政府)在此经济衰退时刻,其实有更好的方法来振奋人心.

学生错误表达：Have

anactivespirit点评：spirit不可以用active来修饰,可以说be

ingood/highspirits

3-保持健康的精神状态maintainastateofspiritualwell-being

词典释义：

spiritual

●●●○○1.ADJ形容词

精神(上)的;心灵(上)的

Spiritual

meansrelatingt