（高考英语作文炼句）第46篇译文老师笔记

PAGEPAGE11.如果一个人通过节食的方式获得了一个苗条的身材,那么他们会有一个更好的自我形象,并且会在个人生活和工作中变得更加开朗和自信.Ifaperson

diets

(1.节食)toachieve

aslimfigure

(2.苗条的身材)thentheywillhaveabetter

self-image(3.自我形象)andbehappierandmoreconfidentintheir

personalandprofessionallife(4.个人生活和工作).

1-diet

词典释义：diet['daɪ.ət]

verb

intransitive

■tolimitthefood

and/ordrinkwhichyoutake,especiallyinordertoloseweight

(尤指为减肥而)节食,控制饮食•Youshouldbeabletoreduceyourweightbycareful

dieting.透过小心控制饮食你应该可以减轻体重.

外刊例句：Shiseido'srecentinternationallaunchofits

newBodyCreatorskingelclaimsthatitsfat-burningpepperandgrapefruit

oilcanmelt1.1kgofbodyfatinamonthwithoutanyneed

todiet

orexercise.

()资生堂最近为其最新的塑身护肤凝胶举行了国际发布会,宣称其所含的消脂胡椒和葡萄油能让人在一个月内无需节食和运动,都能消耗1.1千克热量.

替换表达：goesonadiet

2-aslimfigure

词典释义：figure6.N-COUNT

可数名词

体形;身材

Your

figure

istheshapeofyourbody.

【搭配模式】：withsupp•Takeprideinyourhealthandyour

figure...为自己的健康和体形感到骄傲吧.•Janetwasanaturalblondewithagood

figure.珍妮特天生一头金发,身材曼妙.

外刊例句：Previewinghisnewalbuminthisdimly-lit

Sohobasement,henowcameonlikeanall-purposeindierocker,

aslimfigure

dressedinblackand

flankedbydrums,bassandtrumpet.

()在这昏暗的小型地下工作室预览其最新专辑,会觉得他现在就像个十足的小众摇滚歌手：修长体格配着一身黑衣,伴着架子鼓、贝斯和号子.

替换表达：aslenderfigure

学生错误表达：aslimbody点评：body是指人的身体,身躯,例如：Myfingerswerenumbandmywholebodyached.我手指麻木,浑身疼痛.用body来指人的身材不够准确.

3-self-image

词典释义：self-image

[ˌself'ɪm.ɪdʒ]

noun

countableusually

singular

■thewayapersonfeelsabouthisorherpersonality,

achievementsandvaluetosociety

自我形象

•Havingadecentjobcontributestoagood

self-image.拥有一份体面的工作有助于树立良好的自我形象.

外刊例句：Just

assomepeoplehaveabetter

self-image

thanothers,soitseemsdocountries.()就像某些人的自我形象比其他人的好,国家也如此.

4-personalandprofessionallife

词典释义：professional

[prə'feʃ.ən.əl]

adjective

ESSENTIAL

■relatedtoworkthatneedsspecialtrainingoreducation

职业的;专业的•Chris,you'reanurse,socanIaskyour

professional

opinion

onbandagingankles?

克丽丝,你是个护士,能否征求一下你对踝部包扎的意见?•Bothdoctorshavebeenchargedwith

professional

misconduct

(=badorunacceptablebehaviourintheirwork).这两位医生都被控渎职.

外刊例句：Socialmediamayhavestartedasawaytostay

intouchwithfriendsandfamily,butovertimeithasspilledintoour

professionallives,too.

()社交媒体可能已变成了维系亲朋好友的纽带,不过久而久之,我们的工作生活也渐渐融入其中了.

替换表达：one’sworkandprivatelife/one’sprofessionalandprivatelife

Q：then前面不需要加逗号吗?A：then前面加不加逗号都可以,看个人的写作习惯.

Q：老师,我看《英语常用词疑难用法手册》说无论是"生命”或"生活”,如果涉及的人是复数的,life尽管是抽象名词,但仍常用复数lives.但是这里的life仍然是用单数,是因为life指的是具体的生活方式吗?intheirpersonalandprofessionallife.谢谢老师!A：theirpersonaland

professionallives以及theirpersonalandprofessional

life存在一点区别,theirpersonalandprofessionallife是将他们所有的生活当成一个整体来理解,所以life用单数形式,theirpersonalandprofessional

lives则是指他们各自不同的生活,所以life用复数形式.这里由于前面主语是aperson,所以建议用theirpersonaland

professionallife

2.越来越多的年轻人过分沉溺于电脑游戏.这导致年轻人养成了一种久坐不动的生活方式,每天坐在电脑前好几个小时.Therehasbeenanincreasingnumberofyoungpeoplewhohave

becomefixatedon

(1.过分沉溺于)computergames.Thishasledto

asedentarylifestyle

(2.久坐不动的生活方式)whereyoungsterssitinfrontofacomputerformanyhoursdaily.

1-fixatedon

词典释义：fixated1.ADJ-GRADED

能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词

过分沉溺的;过分迷恋的

Ifyouaccusesomeoneofbeing

fixated

on

aparticular

thing,youmeanthattheythinkaboutittoanextremeandexcessivedegree.•Butbythentheadministrationwasn'tpayingattention,

fortopofficialswere

fixated

onKuwait.但在那之前,当局并没有特别注意,因为高层官员们都一门心思扑在科威特上.

Fixated

isalsoacombiningform.

(亦可用于构词)•...apop-fixated

musicjournalist.痴迷于流行乐的音乐记者

外刊例句：Itbeatrivalswhowerestill

fixatedon

theformercolonialroutes

toandfromEurope,andcapturedAsiantraffic.

()它击败了其他竞争对手,因为它们尚执着于那些从前殖民国家往返欧洲的路线,而它连亚洲各交通路线都已收入怀中.

替换表达：beaddictedtosomething

学生错误表达：toomuch

addictedto点评：toomuch用于修饰名词,不可以用来修饰addicted,这里可以直接改为beaddictedtosomething

/befixatedonsomething

2-asedentarylifestyle

词典释义：sedentaryUK

['sed.ən.tri]

US

[-ter.i]

adjective

■involvinglittleexerciseorphysicalactivity

缺乏运动的,少活动的•a

sedentary

job/occupation久坐的工作／职业•MydoctorsaysIshouldstartplayingsportbecausemy

lifestyle

istoo

sedentary.医生说,我应该做些运动,因为我的生活方式太缺乏运动.

外刊例句：Atleastanhourofphysicalactivityaday

mayberequiredtooffsettheharmfuleffectsofsittingatadeskforeight

hours,accordingtothelateststudytohighlighttheperilsof

asedentarylifestyle.

()据强调久坐不动生活方式害处的最新研究表明,一天起码要有一小时锻炼才能缓解坐在桌前八个小时所带来的危害.

替换表达：adeskboundlifestyle

Q：从句为什么用where,这里是指代的久坐的生活方式吧,也就是什么让年轻人坐在电脑前好几个小时,可以用what或者that或者which么?A：这里是where引导的定语从句,先行词是lifestyle,where是关系副词,在句子里面作为地点状语,这里不能用what/that/which引导

Thishasledtoasedentarylifestylewhere

youngsterssitinfrontofacomputerformanyhoursdaily.

[分析]本句的主干是Thishasledtoasedentarylifestyle,这是一个主谓宾结构,主语是This,指代上句所说的年轻人沉溺于电脑游戏这种情况,谓语是hasledto,宾语是asedentarylifestyle,其后是where引导的定语从句,修饰lifestyle.

3.用自然原料做家常菜在几代人以前是很常见的,但现在情况变了.人们现在生活很忙,没有时间去做饭.因为这个原因,很多人被深加工食品的便捷性所吸引,虽然这种食品可以快速简单地准备好,但它们很不健康.Home-cookedmeals

(1.家常菜)madefromnaturalingredientswere

thenorm

(2.很常见,很普遍)generationsago,butthisisnolongerthecase.Peoplenowlivebusylivesandhavelittletimetocookmeals.Forthisreason,manyareattractedbytheconvenienceof

highlyprocessedfood

(3.深加工食品)thatcanbepreparedquicklyandeasilybutwhichisveryunhealthy.

1-home-cookedmeals

词典释义：homecookedEtymology[edit]home+‎

cookedAdjective[edit]homecooked(notcomparable)Cookedorpreparedinatraditionalmanneras

wouldbedoneathome.1994,VermontLife(volumes49-50,page7)Dishoutlotsof

homecooked

foodslikepotroast,meatloaf,Mainebeansand

franks,homestylefries,fishchowderandfresh-bakedbreads

外刊例句：But

home-cooked

meals

containedslightlymoresugarthanshop-boughtdishes：2.5%versus

2.2%whenthesamerecipeswerecompared.()然而,当用同样的菜谱作为对比时,家常菜的含糖量稍高于商店售卖的菜肴：2.5%比2.2%.

替换表达：homecooking/homemadedishes

2-bethenorm

词典释义：thenorm

■asituationor

typeofbehaviourthatisexpectedandconsideredtobetypical

常态,正常行为•Onechildperfamilyisfastbecomingthe

norm

insomecountries.每个家庭一个孩子在部分国家正迅速普遍起来.

外刊例句：Today,perhapsbecausepart-timework

isthenorm,womenintheNetherlands

havearelativelyhighlabour-forceparticipationrate.

()也许是因为兼职已成常态,荷兰女性现在在劳动力中占有相对较高份额.

替换表达：becommonplace

3-highlyprocessedfood

词典释义：highly['haɪ.li]

adverb

ABOVEAVERAGE

超过平均水准

ESSENTIAL

■very,toalargedegree,oratahighlevel

非常,极其•a

highly

paid

job高薪工作•a

highly

profitablelineofproducts利润非常高的系列产品•Forourcountrytoremaincompetitive,weneeda

highly-skilled,

highly-educatedworkforce.为了使我们的国家保持竞争力,我们需要具备高技能、高学历的劳动力.

processedUK

['prəʊ.sest]

US

['prɑ：-]

adjective

■describesfoodwhichhasbeentreatedwithchemicalsthat

preserveitorgiveitextratasteorcolour

(食品)经过特殊加工的;处理过的

•processed

cheese/meat加工过的起司／肉•highly

processed

conveniencefoods经过高度加工的便利食品

外刊例句：Theubiquitousphrase"artificial

strawberryflavour"giveslittlehintofthechemicalwizardryand

manufacturingskillthatcanmakea

highly

processedfood

tastelikeastrawberry.

()(我们)能从广为人知的"人造草莓味”一词中稍微领略到神奇的化学工艺和制作技术,它们可以让深度加工食品吃起来像真草莓一样.

学生错误表达：Deepprocessed

food点评："深加工食品”一般说highly

processedfood,而不说deepprocessedfood

Q：魏老师,主语是复数,宾语可以用单数,是不是改为busy

lives比较好,谢谢,Peoplehaveabusylife?A：这里说Peoplehaveabusylife.

/Peoplehavebusylives.都可以,因为abusylife以及busylives都是泛指"忙碌的生活”.

Q：魏老师but和though连用是否合适?,谢谢.Butthoughtheycanbe

preparedeasilyandquickly,theyarenothealthy.A：but和though不要连用,这里可以改为Thoughtheycanbepreparedeasilyandquickly,theyarenot

healthy.

Home-cookedmealsmadefromnatural

ingredientswerethenormgenerationsago,butthisisnolongerthecase.

[分析]本句是一个由but连接的并列句.前一分句的主干是Home-cookedmealsmade…werethenorm,这是一个主系表结构,其主语部分是Home-cooked

mealsmadefromnaturalingredients,中心词是meals,其前后分别有Home-cooked和madefromnaturalingredients对其修饰限定,该分句最后的generationsago是时间状语.后一分句的主干是thisisno

longerthecase,其中this指代前一分句提到的情况.

4.需要采取一些措施来应对儿童肥胖问题.确保学生餐营养丰富是一个保证儿童每天至少能吃上一顿好饭的有效手段.禁止垃圾食品广告也能起到作用,它可以减少某些垃圾食品的品牌吸引力.Measuresshouldbetakentotackle

childhoodobesity(1.儿童肥胖问题).Makingsure

schoolmeals

(2.学生餐)arenutritiousisaneffectivewayofensuringchildrenhaveatleastonegoodmealperday.Banning

junk-foodadvertising

(3.垃圾食品广告)wouldmakeanimpactbyreducingtheappealthatcertainjunk-foodbrandshave.

1-childhoodobesitychildhood是名词作定语修饰obesity.

词典释义：childhood['tʃaɪld.hʊd]

noun

countable

or

uncountable

IMPROVER

■thetimewhensomeoneisachild

童年;孩童时期,孩提时代•Shehadanunhappy

childhood.她的童年很不幸.•Childhood

isnotalwaysahappytime.童年并不总是快乐的时光.

obesity

n.(名词)Theconditionofbeingobese;increasedbody

weightcausedbyexcessiveaccumulationoffat.肥胖：肥胖;由于积累过多脂肪而使体重增加

外刊例句：ThreeyearsafterMichelleObamalaunchedher

Let’sMove!campaign,thefightagainst

childhood

obesity

facesatacticalproblem.

()距米歇尔·奥巴马发起其Let'sMove!运动已过去三年了,这场抗击儿童肥胖的运动面临着策略性问题.

2-schoolmeals

词典释义：school[sku：l]

noun

EDUCATION

教育

ESSENTIAL

countable

or

uncountable

■aplacewherechildrengotobeeducated

(中、小)学校•Which

school

doyou

goto/

attend?

你念哪所学校?•school

meals/uniform学校餐／校服•school

buildings/fees校舍／学费

外刊例句：JeremyCorbyn’sannouncementofa£1bnplanto

introduc