（高考英语作文炼句）第33篇译文老师笔记

PAGEPAGE11.一份丰厚的薪水对年轻人来说有诱惑力,因此,公司总能找到愿意接受没有前途但高薪工作的毕业生.但最明智的学生会优先考虑职业发展,而不是一份高薪.Afatpaycheck

(1.一份丰厚的薪水)is

alluringtomanyyoungstersand,forthisreason,companieswillalwaysfindgraduateswillingtoaccept

dead-endbuthigh-payingjobs(2.没有前途但高薪的工作).Thewiseststudents,however,will

giveprecedenceto(3.给予……优先权)careerdevelopmentoverahighsalary.

1-afatpaycheck

词典释义：fat6.ADJ-GRADED

能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词

(利润或费用)巨大的,丰厚的

A

fat

profitor

feeisalargeone.

【搭配模式】：ADJn

【STYLE标签】：INFORMAL非正式•Theyaresettomakeabig

fat

profit.他们下定决心要大赚一笔.

paycheque

inAM,use美国英语用paycheck1.N-COUNT

可数名词

薪水支票;工资;薪水

Your

paycheque

isapieceofpaper

thatyouremployergivesyouasyourwagesorsalary,andwhichyoucanthen

cashatabank.Youcanalsouse

pay

cheque

asawayofreferringtoyourwagesorsalary.

【搭配模式】：oftpossN•They'veworkedforabouttwoweekswithoutapaycheck.他们已经工作了两个星期左右,却没有拿到一点儿薪水.

外刊例句：They'rewatchingnotjustforJackmanoralltheother

moviestars(BradleyCooper!)andTVstars(BryanCranston!)whocometoNew

Yorktodoashowandpickupatrophyand

afatpaycheck.

()他们不仅是为了看杰克曼,或者是其他来纽约仅为拿丰厚纪念品和薪金的明星,比如电影明星库柏和电视明星卡文斯顿.

替换表达：ahigh/good/handsome/generous/competitivesalary

2-dead-endbuthigh-payingjobs

词典释义：deadend

nounC

1.astreetwithnowayoutatoneend死巷,死胡同

2.asituationfromwhichnomoreprogressispossible僵局：

cometo/reachadeadend•Thenegotiations

havereachedadeadend.谈判陷入了僵局.3.

dead-endjobajobwithlow

wagesandnochanceofprogress低薪且没有前途的工作

外刊例句：Muchlessclear,however,iswhathappensnext.Are

ex-welfare-recipientsworking?Howmucharetheyearning?Aretheyontheway

up,orstuckin

dead-endjobs?

()然而,接下来会发生什么更加毫无头绪.之前的福利享有者还在工作吗?他们现在能赚多少?他们是在往上升职还是陷入死胡同了.

替换表达：dead-endbutwell-paidjobs

学生错误表达：(1)

jobswith

highpaymentbutnogoodprospects点评：payment指"已支付的金额;支付”,jobswithhighpayment应该改为jobswithhigh

salaries,nogoodprospects应该改为poorprospects,整个表达可以改为jobswithhigh

salariesbutpoorprospects

3-giveprecedenceto

词典释义：precedence

UK

['pres.ɪ.dənts]

US

[-ə.dents]

noun

uncountable

■theconditionofbeingdealtwithbeforeotherthingsor

ofbeingconsideredmoreimportantthanotherthings

(时间、顺序、重要程度等的)居前,领先•Precedence

mustbe

given

totheinjuredintheevacuationplans.在疏散计划中应优先考虑伤者.•Businesspeopleoftenthinkthatfluencyandcommunication

take

precedence

over

grammarwhenspeaking.商界人士常认为说话的流利程度和表达能力比文法重要.

外刊例句：Thebookisfullofpoliticalwomen,includingIsabellaof

Angoulême,themotherofHenryIII,whothrewallthepotsandpansoutof

thewindowafterafeastatwhichshehadbeenforcedto

giveprecedenceto

aninferior.

()这部书全是关于女政治家的故事,其中包括了亨利三世的母亲伊萨贝拉.她曾因为在宴会上被迫让位给其属下,而在宴会后把所有的餐具都扔出窗外.

替换表达：prioritize/givepriorityto,put/placeahighpriorityon

Q：老师,这句话的graduates后面是省略了who

are吗?

companies

willalwaysfindgraduateswillingto谢谢老师!A：是的,句子还原后是companieswillalwaysfindgraduates(who

are)willingto…

Q：afatchance和aslimchance都是可能性不大,很疑惑.A：fatchance是一个固定词组,含义是"机会渺茫”,这个可以当成特例记住：

[fæt]

adjective

(fatter,

fattest)

fatchance

informal

■usedtosaythatyoucertainlydonotthinkthat

somethingislikelytohappen

不大可能,希望渺茫•"Perhapsthey'llinviteyou.""Fat

chance

(ofthat)!""也许他们会邀请你.”"不太可能!”

2.因为小公司内的关系更加紧密,而且能够提供更多机会让下层员工与高层管理人员沟通,所以即使公司收入下滑,勤勉能干的员工也不太可能被解雇.Sincesmallcompaniesaremore

close-knit(1.关系紧密)andoffermorechancefor

lower-levelpersonnel(2.下层员工)tointeractwith

seniormanagement(3.高层管理人员),competentandhard-workingemployeesareunlikelytobemaderedundantevenwhenthecompany'searnings

takeadownturn(4.下降,下滑).

1-close-knit

词典释义：close-knit

1.ADJ-GRADED

能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词

紧密相连的;密切合作的;志同道合的

A

close-knit

groupofpeoplearecloselylinked,dothingstogether,andtake

aninterestineachother.

【搭配模式】：usuADJn•We'reavery

close-knit

family...我们家非常团结.

•Eventsoverthelastyearhavecreateda

close-knit

community.去年发生的一些事让整个社会紧密团结在一起.

外刊例句：ButperhapsthemostsignificantplayersinherBrexit

negotiationsarepartofamore

close-knit

group,whichdoesn’tincludepoliticians.

()但也许其"脱欧”谈判小组中最重要的角色都属于其更为亲密的小团伙,而其中连一名政治家都没有.

替换表达：tight-knit/cohesive

学生错误表达：(1)

haveamore

cohesivestructure点评：haveamore

cohesivestructure是指公司结构紧凑,用在不合适,可以改为close-knit

2-lower-levelpersonnel

词典释义：personnel

●●●○○1.N-PLURAL

复数名词

(组织中的)人员,职员

The

personnel

ofan

organizationarethepeoplewhoworkforit.

【搭配模式】：oftNn•FiveotherUSmilitary

personnel

werekilledinvariousincidents...另有5名美军士兵死于各种意外.•Therehasbeenverylittlerenewalof

personnel

inhighereducation...从事高等教育的人员新老更替极其缓慢.

•Ifyouneedhelpatwork,yourPersonnelManagershouldbe

abletohelp.如果你工作中需要帮助,人事经理应该能帮上忙.

外刊例句：Human-rightsactivistsandtheCIA,inanunusualalignment

ofinterests,suggestitwouldbeunfairifonly

lower-levelpersonnel

werepunished.()人权运动者和中情报局罕见地利益一致,认为若只惩罚基层人员并不公平.

替换表达：lower-levelstaff/juniorstaff

学生错误表达：(1)

lower-levelstaffs

/juniorstaffs点评：staff是一个集体名词,不能加s,应该改为lower-levelstaff

3-seniormanagement

词典释义：seniorUK

['si：.ni.ər]

US

[-njɚ]

adjective

HIGHRANK

高级别

IMPROVER

■highorhigherinrank

级别高的

•senior

management高级管理部•a

senior

governmentminister政府高级部长•She's

senior

to

me,soIhavetodo

whatshetellsme.她是我的上级,所以我得听她的.

management2.N-VAR-COLL

可变集合名词

资方;管理部门;经营者

Youcanrefertothepeoplewhocontrolandorganizeabusiness

orotherorganizationasthe

management

.

【FIELD标签】：BUSINESS商•The

management

isdoingitsbesttoimprovethesituation...管理部门正在竭尽全力改善局面.•Weneedtogetmorewomenintotop

management...我们需要让更多的女性进入高层管理.

•Achangeof

management

wouldhelp.管理层方面的变化会有帮助.

外刊例句：Whetheryouthinkrobustmeasurestoincreasetheshareof

womenin

seniormanagement

area

goodthinginthefirstplacedependspartlyonhowconvincedyouarethat

diversityinmanagementisimportant.

()是否认为通过强力手段增加高层管理中的女性人数在最初是件好事,这部分取决于你是否认同管理层的多样性很重要.

4-takeadownturn

词典释义：downturnUK

['daʊn.tɜ：n]

US

[-tɝ：n]

noun

countableusually

singular

■areductionintheamountorsuccessofsomething,such

asacountry'seconomicactivity

衰退,渐入低迷

•thecontinuingeconomic

downturn经济的持续衰退•Thereisevidenceofa

downturn

in

the

housingmarket.房产市场出现了衰退的迹象.

外刊例句：Griffin’scareerwasaboutto

takeadownturn

however.Hiswillingnesstorunledtohimtaking

heavyhits,andhetorekneeligamentsintheplayofflosstotheSeattleSeahawks.

()然而,格里芬的职业生涯将江河日下.他愿意继续奔跑,但这也给他带来了沉重打击,他在输给海鹰队的季后赛上弄伤了膝盖韧带.

替换表达：fall/decrease/decline/godown

学生错误表达：(1)

plunge/

plummet点评：plunge/plummet是指"大幅下跌”,语气有点过重.

Q：lower-level,下层员工,为什么要用比较级呢?用low-level表下层不行吗?A：这里用low-levelstaff或者lower-level

staff都可以.

3.大多数人在他们的职业生涯中都会换几次工作.然而,有些人会连续不断地从一家公司换到另一家——这种做法被称为跳槽.Mostpeople

switchjobs

(1.换工作)severaltimesduringtheircareers.However,someindividualsmovefromonecompanytothenext

inrapidsuccession

(2.连续不断的)--apracticeknownas

job-hopping(3.跳槽).

1-switchjobs

词典释义：switch2.VERB

动词

转换;改变;转变

Ifyou

switchto

somethingdifferent,forexampletoadifferentsystem,task,or

subjectofconversation,youchangetoitfromwhatyouweredoingorsaying

before.•Estoniais

switchingtoamarketeconomy...爱沙尼亚正在向市场经济转轨.•Thelawwouldencouragecompaniesto

switch

fromcoaltocleanerfuels...该法律将鼓励企业转而使用比煤更加清洁的能源.•TheencouragementofafriendspurredChrisinto

switchingjobs.在一位朋友的鼓励下,克理斯换了工作.

Switch

isalsoanoun.•Newtechnologymadea

switch

tooilpossible...新技术使得转而使用石油成为可能.•ThespokesmanimplicitlycondemnedtheUnitedStates

policy

switch.发言人含蓄地谴责了美国政策上的转变.

外刊例句：Ifpeoplearetooafraid,orunable,to

switchjobs

thiscanrepresenta

significantblocktoprogressionandpersonaldevelopment.

()若人们害怕或是没有能力换工作,这是对个人进步与发展的极大阻碍的象征.

替换表达：changejobs

2-inrapidsuccession

词典释义：succession

[sək'seʃ.ən]

noun

onlysingular

■anumberofsimilareventsorpeoplethathappen,exist,

etc.aftereachother

一连串;一系列;接连•A

succession

of

scandalsandrevelationshas

underminedthegovernmentoverthepastyear.过去的一年里,一连串的丑闻和接连爆出的内幕损害了政府的威望.•Lifewasjustanendless

succession

of

partiesanddinners.生活只不过是一连串没完没了的聚会和晚宴.insuccession

■happeningoneafteranother

接连地,连续地•Shehadherfirstthreechildrenin

rapid

succession.她的前三个孩子是连年紧接着出生的.•Thisistheseventhyearin

succession

thatthey've

wonthecup.这是他们连续第七年夺冠.

外刊例句：Inrapidsuccession

hisputative

discipleshaverunintotrouble.

()其广为人知的信徒已经接二连三地遇上麻烦.

替换表达：continuously/flitfromonejobtoanother

3-job-hopping

词典释义：job-hopping

n.Informal

(名词)【非正式用语】Thepracticeofchangingjobsfrequently,

especiallyasameansofquickfinancialgainorcareeradvancement.频繁更换职业：频繁更换职业的行为,尤指为了获得近期经济利益或事业发展而频繁更换职业的做法

外刊例句：Thebenefitof

job

hopping

isthatworkersaremoreaccomplishedatdoingdifferentworkand

areregularlyaddingtotheirskillsets.

()跳槽的好处就是,工人能掌握多门工作技巧和定期学到新技能.

Q：老师站在某人的立场可以用onthestandpointof...吗?A：可以写成fromthestandpointof…(从……的立场),例如：adiscussionofmarriagefromthestandpointofwomen从女性的角度对婚姻的讨论

4.站在公司的立场来看,雇佣一个跳槽者就意味着要承担他们随时会离开的风险.而且雇主还会怀疑投入到培训中的时间和金钱能否在跳槽者在别处找到工作之前获得回报.Fromacompany'spointofview,hiringajob-hoppermeans

assumingtheriskthat(1.承担……的风险)heorshemightleaveatanytime.Theemployerwouldalso

beskepticalof

(2.对……表示怀疑)whetherthetimeandmoneyinvestedintrainingwould

payoff

(3.获得回报)beforethejob-hopperleavesthecompanytoseekworkelsewhere.

1-assumetherisk

词典释义：assumeUK

[ə'sju：m]

US

[-'su：m]

verb

transitive

TAKECONTROL

控制

■totakeorbegin

tohaveresponsibilityorcontrol,sometimeswithouttherighttodoso,or

tobegintohaveacharacteristic

承担,担任;僭取,夺取;呈现,具有

•ThenewPresident

assumes

officeatmidnight

tonight.新总统在今晚午夜就职.•Theterrorists

assumed

controloftheplane

andforcedittolandinthedesert.恐怖分子控制了飞机,并使其迫降在沙漠中.•Theissuehas

assumed

considerablepolitical

proportions(=hasbecomeabigpoliticalproblem).这已经变成一个很大的政治问题.

2.

assumecontrol/responsibilityetc

formaltostarttohave

control,responsibilityetcortostartinaparticularpositionorjob开始掌管/承担责任等：•Whoeverthey

appointwillassumeresponsibilityforallfinancialmatters.不管他们任命的是谁,他都要为一切经济事务承担责任.•Heassumedpower

inabloodycoupin1990.他在1990年一场血腥的政变中上台.•JimPatonwill

assumetheroleofmanagingdirector.吉姆·帕顿将出任总经理一职.

外刊例句：Oneistheextenttowhichtheprimecontractors-

Accenture,BT,CSCandFujitsu-wereabletogettheirsubcontractors,

specialistsoftwarefirms,to

assume

theriskoffailure.

()其一便是,Accenture,BT,CSC和Fuijitu等承建商能让作为分包商的各软件专业公司承受多大程度的风险.

替换表达：take/runtheriskof

学生错误表达：(1)

Undertake点评：undertake一般用于修饰task/project/research/study等名词,不可以用来修饰risk

2-beskepticalof

词典释义：sceptical

●●○○○inAM,use美国英语用

skeptical1.ADJ-GRADED

能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词

怀疑的

Ifyouare

scepticalabout

something,youhavedoubtsaboutit.

【搭配模式】：oftv-linkADJabout/ofn•Otherarchaeologistsare

sceptical

abouthisfindings.其他考古学家对他的发现表示怀疑.•...scientistswhoare

sceptical

ofglobalwarminganditsallegedconsequences...对全球变暖和各种断言的后果持怀疑态度的科学家•Thepartyhasalwayshadacautiousand

sceptical

attitudetoEurope.该党一直对欧洲持有谨慎而怀疑的态度.sceptically•Ilookedathimskeptically,surehewasexaggerating...我怀疑地看着他,确信他在夸大其词.•'What'syourpoint?'demandedtheoldman

sceptically."你想说什么?”老人疑惑地问道.

外刊例句：Obvio