水质监控技术- 水质监控技术课程组 Water qua

水质监控技术Waterqualitymonitoringtechnology--水质监控技术课程组WaterqualitymonitoringTechnologyCoursegroup养殖水质氨氮的检测与调控Detectionandregulationofammonianitrogeninaquaculturewaterquality水中氨氮对养殖生物的危害Harmofammonianitrogeninwatertoaquacultureorganisms《水质监控技术》课程WaterQualityMonitoringTechnologycourse掌握氨氮对养殖生物的危害；Mastertheharmofammonianitrogentoaquacultureorganisms;掌握总氨氮中分子氮的计算方法。Masterthecalculationmethodofmolecularnitrogenintotalammonianitrogen.学习目标2.Learningobjective2学习目标1.Learningobjective1学习目标Learningobjective氨氮对养殖生物的危害Harmofammonianitrogentoaquacultureorganisms慢性氨氮中毒危害为：Chronicammonianitrogenpoisoninghazardsare:摄食降低，生长减慢Foodintakedecreasesandgrowthslows组织损伤Tissueinjury降低氧在组织间的输送Reduceoxygentransportbetweentissues损害鳃的离子交换Ionexchangethatimpairsthegills增加疾病的易感性Increasedsusceptibilitytodisease应激使动物更易受感染Stressmakesanimalsmoresusceptibletoinfection降低生殖能力Reducedfertility减少怀卵量Reducethenumberofeggs降低卵的存活力Reduceseggviability延迟产卵(繁殖)Delayedspawning增加鳃的通透性Increasegillpermeability高浓度的NH4可影响鳃上其它离子的交换HighconcentrationsofNH4canaffecttheexchangeofotherionsonthegill亢奋excited丧失平衡Lossofbalance抽搐convulsion死亡Death急性氨氮中毒危害为：Thehazardsofacuteammonianitrogenpoisoningare:氨氮对养殖生物的危害Harmofammonianitrogentoaquacultureorganisms总氨氮的毒性Toxicityoftotalammonianitrogen品种variety致死水平Lethallevel品种variety致死水平Lethallevel鲤鱼鱼苗Carpfry1.80罗非鱼tilapia2.40草鱼(26日龄)Grasscarp(26daysold)0.57杂交罗非鱼Hybridtilapia2.88草鱼(47日龄)Grasscarp(47daysold)1.61鲶鱼Catfish1.45草鱼(125日龄)Grasscarp(125daysold)1.68虹鳟Rainbowtrout0.49大口鲈鱼Largemouthbass0.70-1.20斑节对虾Penaeusmaculatus1.69我国《渔业水质标准》标准中规定非离子氨氮含量应不超过0.02mg/L，但在实际养殖环境中往往很难达到，根据有关研究结果，池塘中非离子氨氮含量应该控制在0.2mg/L以下。China's"fisherywaterqualitystandards"standardstipulatesthatthenon-ionicammonianitrogencontentshouldnotexceed0.02mg/L,butitisoftendifficulttoachieveintheactualfarmingenvironment,accordingtorelevantresearchresults,thepondnon-ionicammonianitrogencontentshouldbecontrolledbelow0.2mg/L.氨氮对养殖生物的危害Harmofammonianitrogentoaquacultureorganisms总氨氮中分子氨的计算方法Calculationmethodformolecularammoniaintotalammonianitrogen氨氮的毒性表（盐度0-0.5ppt）Toxicitytableofammonianitrogen(salinity0-0.5ppt)NH3在总氨氮中所占的比率TheratioofNH3tototalammonianitrogen氨氮的毒性表（盐度0-0.5ppt）Toxicitytableofammonianitrogen(salinity0-0.5ppt)NH3在总氨氮中所占的比率TheratioofNH3tototalammonianitrogen总氨氮中分子氨的计算方法Calculationmethodformolecularammoniaintotalammonianitrogen假设某养殖水体:Supposethataaquaculturewaterbody:总氨氮（TAN）=2.0mg/L、盐度=15pptTotalammonianitrogen(TAN)=2.0mg/L,salinity=15ppt

温度=30oCTemperature=30°C

根据上表可知：Accordingtotheabovetable:pH=7.8

NH3=2.00.0274=0.0548mg/LpH=9.0时，NH3=2.00.3088=0.6176mg/L两者的NH3浓度相差：NH3concentrationdifferencebetweenthetwo:

0.6176/0.0548=11.27(倍times）总氨氮中分子氨的计算方法Calculationmethodformolecularammoniaintotalammonianitrogen假设某养殖水体：Supposethataaquaculturewaterbody:总氨氮（TAN）=2.0mg/LTotalammonianitrogen

盐度=15pptsalinity

温度1=20oC,pH1=7.0Temperature1

温度2=35oC,pH2=9.0Temperature2根据上表可计算出：Accordingtotheabovetable,itcanbecalculated:NH3-1=2.00.0022=0.0044mg/LNH3-2=2.00.3858=0.7716mg/L两种情况下NH3浓度相差：NH3concentrationdifferenceinthetwocases:

0.7716/0.0044=175.37（倍times）总氨氮中分子氨的计算方法Calculationmethodformolecularammoniaintotalammonianitrogen小结Briefsummary氨氮对养殖生物的危害：Harmofammonianitrogentoaquacultureorganisms:慢性危害急性危害总氨氮中分子氨的计算方法：Calculationmethodformolecularammoniaintotalammonianitrogen先从表中查出在一定盐度和温度条件下分子氨所占的比例，再用总氨氮的含量乘以分子氨的比例就是分子氨的含量。First,findouttheproportionofmolecularammoniafromthetableundercertains