基于英语“形合”的完形填空解题指导课件-高三英语二轮复习

基于英语“形合”的完型填空解题指导LearningobjectivesInthislesson,wewill1.obtainsomerelativebackgroundinformationofclozetest;2.understandwhyEnglishhypotaxiscanbeusedtodoclozetest;3.trytouseEnglishhypotaxistodoclozetest.Step1:Lead-inHowtodrawapicturelikethis?abcde123456Conclusion1:

绘画的过程即完形的过程，由整体到局部。由轮廓到细节。f1）Orderingtask:Inference1:StepstodoclozetestSkimtogetthegeneralidea.Foucsonthefirstsentenceorparagraph.Step1:Finishtheblanksasmanyasyoucan.Step2:Readcarefullytofinishtherestblanks.Step3:Step4:Readagaintochecktheanswers.2)Guessinggame:Whatmayitbeaccordingtothehint（提示）?Conclusion2:完形心理学认为当看见不完整的事物时，人们根据脑子里对事物的完整概念，会在思想上把它补全。Inference2:Neverevertrytodoclozetestuntilyougettheoutlineofit.Step2:Analysesofclozetestsinthepastfiveyears年份卷别体裁主题话题题目类型名词动词形容词副词介词连词2020新Ⅰ卷记叙文人与自然保护湿地7521002021Ⅰ卷记叙文人与社会第一次暑期在烘焙厂打工4920002022Ⅰ卷记叙文人与自我露营得到陌生人帮助5531102023Ⅰ卷夹叙夹议人与社会越野赛跑中救助受伤对手7530002024Ⅰ卷1.设题规律以名词、动词为主，其次是形容词、副词。着重考查考生的词汇运用能力、阅读理解能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化交际能力。2.选材特点主题语境包括人与自我、人与自然和人与社会，选材原汁原味，语言地道，充满正能量，倡导至真至善至美的价值观，在具体语境中考查英语核心素养。Tip1:Nothingismoreimportantthanvocabulary.一、完形填空的起源

完形填空法的产生与格式塔心理学（Gestaltpsychology）有着密切的关系。格式塔心理学特别注重作为整体的经验模式。它强调：不能通过对各部分的分析来认识整体。要理解整体的全部性质，就必须“自上而下”地分析整体结构到各个组成部分的特性。Step3:Introductionofclozetest

完形填空题的创始人：威尔逊·泰勒（WilsonTaylor）“完形填空并不直接涉及特定的意思。它只是反复地从两种语言模式的相似之处取样：一种是写的人表达自己的思想的语言模式，另一种是反映读的人根据自己的理解做出的猜测语言模式。”

Tip2:Youwillneverunderstandalanguageuntilyouunderstandatleasttwo.二、完形填空题的命题依据利用上下文（已有图式）推断空白未知信息（即建构新图式）是完形填空题的考查目的，所以借助文意的层层推进，可以准确预测情节发展和文意延伸，从而巧妙推断空白未知信息（新图式）。威尔逊·泰勒：“完形填空所涉及的是一系列与上下文相联系的空白，而不是孤立的空白。”Tip3:重语篇结构Tip4:重行文逻辑Step4:Hypotaxisinclozetestformformal形式正式的Themoreformsthereare,themoreformalitis.语篇：行文：理性思维个体思维抽象思维三段论总——分——总(总分or分总）用词精准、逻辑清晰、论述有条理重分析、情感色彩、语言风格句子重逻辑，篇章重结构与层次Tip5：每个正确选项一定有相应的思维支撑演绎推理证据与推理语境与情感逻辑与因果记叙文的形合特征：Part1总：Part2分：Part3总：总：分：总：首句中间句尾句开头Introduction:when,where,who,what正文Body:processandclimaxwhy,how归纳总结ConclusionexperienceorlessonsTip6：篇章抓住首尾段；

段落抓住首尾句。Step5:Analysesofthesamplefrom

【2024·新课标Ⅰ卷】I'vebeenmotivated—anddemotivated—byotherfolks'achievementsallmylife.WhenIwasateenager,aneighborhoodfriend

1

amarathonrace.Feelingmotivated,Istartedrunning

2

,butthentwothingshappened.First,agirlImetonedaytoldmeshewas

3

fora"super,"referringtoa52.4-miledoublemarathon.Then,thenextdayIwentonmylongestrun—15miles.Tobehonest,I

4

it!Betweenthegirlmakingmy

5

seemsmallandthepureboredomofjogging,Idecidedthattheonly

6

I'deverrunagainisifabigdogwasrunningafterme!SoI

7

cycling.Igotagoodbikeandrodealot.I

8

ofenteringcycleracesuntilIflewtoSanDiegotovisitmysister.Whileshewasatworkoneday,I

9

herbikeandwentforaride.The

10

:TheroadstherewentthroughlargevalleyswhereI'dberidinguphillformilesatatime.I'dneverfacedsuch

11

.Thatday,Igot

12

byabout100"local"bikerswhowereusedtosuchroads.WhenIgotbackhome,suddenlyridingmybikedidn'tseemquiteas

13

.I've

14

alotsincethen.I'vecometoacceptthatwhatever

15

Isetformyself,theyjusthavetobemyown.Step5:Analysesofthesamplefrom【2024·新课标Ⅰ卷】Procedure1:

Skimtogetthestructure

Part1—总（大前提）Part2—分（小前提）Para.4:ExperienceofrunningExperienceofcyclingsupportivedetailsPara.1:Para.3:Part3—总（结论）Para.2:I'vebeenmotivated—anddemotivated—byotherfolks'achievementsallmylife.I've

14

alotsincethen.I'vecometoacceptthatwhatever

15

Isetformyself,theyjusthavetobemyown.∴I'vebeenmotivated—anddemotivated—byotherfolks'achievementsallmylife.Examples1、2∵aneighborhoodfriend

1

amarathonrace.∴Istartedrunning

2

∵agirlImetonedaytoldmeshewas

3

fora"super,"referringtoa52.4-miledoublemarathon.∴Idecidedthattheonly

6

I'deverrunagainisifabigdogwasrunningafterme!Procedure2:ClarifythelogicofthepassageMotivated1Demotivated1Examples1、2∵Reason1首尾句转折∵SoI

7

cycling.Igotagoodbikeandrodealot.∵Thatday,Igot

12

byabout100"local"bikerswhowereusedtosuchroads.∴WhenIgotbackhome,suddenlyridingmybikedidn'tseemquiteas

13

.Motivated2Demotivated2∴I

8

ofenteringcycleracesuntilIflewtoSanDiegotovisitmysister.∴I've

14

alotsincethen.I'vecometoacceptthatwhatever

15

Isetformyself,theyjusthavetobemyown.Reasons1、2∵Reason2首尾句转折I'vebeenmotivated—anddemotivated—byotherfolks'achievementsallmylife.WhenIwasateenager,aneighborhoodfriend

1

amarathonrace.Feelingmotivated,Istartedrunning

2

,butthentwothingshappened.First,agirlImetonedaytoldmeshewas

3

fora"super,"referringtoa52.4-miledoublemarathon.Then,thenextdayIwentonmylongestrun—15miles.---∵Feelingmotivated,---Istartedrunning---∵Feelingmotivated,---Then,thenextdayIwentonmylongestrun∴---,aneighborhoodfriend

1

amarathonrace.∴Istartedrunning

2

,∵referringtoa52.4-miledoublemarathon.∴shewas

3

fora"super,"理性思维——证据与推理理性思维——证据与推理wonregularlytraining理性思维——证据与推理Procedure3:Practise---First,agirlImetonedaytoldmeshewas

training

fora"super,"referringtoa52.4-miledoublemarathon.Then,thenextdayIwentonmylongestrun—15miles.Tobehonest,I

4

it!Betweenthegirlmakingmy

5

seemsmallandthepureboredomofjogging,Idecidedthattheonly

6

I'deverrunagainisifabigdogwasrunningafterme!∵thepureboredomofjogging,∵folks'achievementsallmylife.---a52.4-miledoublemarathon.---mylongestrun—15miles.∴I

4

it!∴thegirlmakingmy

5

seemsmall∵ifabigdogwasrunningafterme!∴theonly

6

I'deverrunagain个体思维——语境与情感理性思维——证据与推理个体思维——语境与分析hatedachievementreason当先行词是reason，且在定语从句中作原因状语时，可以用关系副词why或关系代词that来引导，还可以省略that。SoI

7

cycling.Igotagoodbikeandrodealot.I

8

ofenteringcycleracesuntilIflewtoSanDiegotovisitmysister.Whileshewasatworkoneday,I

9

herbikeandwentforaride.∵thepureboredomofjogging,---Igotagoodbike∵Igotagoodbikeandrodealot.∴SoI

7

cycling.∴I

8

ofenteringcycleraces∵Whileshewasatworkoneday,∴I

9

herbikeandwentforaride.抽象思维——逻辑与结构turnedtodreamed个体思维——语境与情感理性思维——证据与推理borrowedSoIturnedto

cycling.---.The

10

:TheroadstherewentthroughlargevalleyswhereI'dberidinguphillformilesatatime.I'dneverfacedsuch

11

.Thatday,Igot

12

byabout100"local"bikerswhowereusedtosuchroads.WhenIgotbackhome,suddenlyridingmybikedidn'tseemquiteas

13

.∵:TheroadstherewentthroughlargevalleyswhereI'dberidinguphillformilesatatime.∵whereI'dberidinguphillformilesatatime.∴The

10

:Theroads---∴I'dneverfacedsuch

11

.∵---demotivated---whowereusedtosuchroads.∴Igot

12

byabout100"local"bikers个体思维——语境与情感problemchallengespassed个体思维——语境与情感理性思维——证据与推理---WhenIgotbackhome,suddenlyridingmybikedidn'tseemquiteas

13

.I've

14

alotsincethen.I'vecometoacceptthatwhatever

15

Isetformyself,theyjusthavetobemyown.∵---demotivatedIgotagoodbikeandrodealot.Igot

passed

byabout100"local"bikers∵---motivated—anddemotivatedI'vecometoaccept---∴suddenlyridingmybikedidn'tseemquiteas

13

.∴I've

14

alotsincethen.∵---startedrunning

---turnedtocyclingtheyjusthavetobemyown.∴whatever

15

Isetformyself,appealing个体思维——语境与情感matured抽象思维——逻辑与结构个体思维——语境与分析goals年份卷别体裁主题话题题目类型名词动词形容词副词介词连词2020新Ⅰ卷记叙文人与自然保护湿地7521002021Ⅰ卷记叙文人与社会第一次暑期在烘焙厂打工4920002022Ⅰ卷记叙文人与自我露营得到陌生人帮助5531102023Ⅰ卷夹叙夹议人与社会越野赛跑中救助受伤对手7530002024Ⅰ卷Tip1:Nothingismoreimportantthanvocabulary.记叙文人与自我正确设定自我目标851100Tip3:重语篇结构

Tip2:Youwillneverunderstandalanguageuntilyouunderstandatleasttwo.Tip4:重行文逻辑Tip6：篇章抓住首尾段；段落抓住首尾句。Step6:SummaryTip5：每个正确选项一定有相应的思维支撑Step7:Homework——【2024年新高考Ⅱ卷】WhenIdecidedtobuyahouseinEuropetenyearsago,Ididn'tthinktoolong.IlikedtravelinginFrance,butwhenitcametopickingmyfavoritespotto

1

,Italywastheclearwinner.DuringmyfirstvisittoItaly,I

2

toaskfordirect