2024-2025学年上学期河北高二英语期末典型卷2

第1页（共1页）2024-2025学年上学期河北高二英语期末典型卷2一．完形填空（共1小题）1．AlanTuringisacknowledgedasthefatherofthecomputer.Hewasalsooneofthemost（1）Britishfiguresofthe20thcentury.In1936，Turing（2）thecomputeraspartofhisattemptto（3）adifficultproblem—abigheadachefor（4）atthetime.Turingattackedtheproblemby（5）amachinewitha（n）extremelylongtape.Thetapeis（6）symbolsthatfeedinstructionstothemachine，tellingithowto（7）othersymbols.Technically，thisuniversalTuringmachineisamathematical（8）ofthemoderncomputersweallusetoday.However，Turingalso（9）thatnotallmathematicalproblemscanbesolvedbythemachine.Turing'scontributionstothemodernworldwerenotmerely（10）.Duringthesecondworldwar，Turinginventedamachinethatcould（11）Germancode，whichwassupposedtobe（12）totrack.Afterthewar，Turingcontinuedto（13）hisideasaboutcomputerscience.Hismostfamousworkcamein1950whenhepublishedapaperasking"canmachinesthink？".（14），theTuringtestthatamachinecouldimitatehumanconversationcameintobeing.WhatisfarlessknownaboutTuringisthathewasalong﹣distance（15）andfinishedfifthintheAAAMarathonChampionships，theBritishtrialracefortheOlympicGamesinLondonin1948.Although（16）individualslikeTuringareoften（17）tophysicalexerciseto（18）theirdeeplyintellectualwork，few（19）asgoodattheirsportashedid.Hisrealpassioninlife，apartfromthecomputer，wastorunintheOlympicGames，inthemarathon."Iwasprobably20atthetime，butIsometimesfeltalotolder，"Hesaid.Becausehehadthisextraordinarynaivety，likea15yearold，hebouncedwhenhetalked，andhehadtremendous（20）.（1）A．hopefulB．ambitiousC．humorousD．influential（2）A．usedB．operatedC．inventedD．analyzed（3）A．solveB．raiseC．discoverD．search（4）A．mathematiciansB．engineersC．designersD．conductors（5）A．copyingB．imaginingC．exchangingD．checking（6）A．involvedinB．addedtoC．trappedinD．coveredwith（7）A．attractB．controlC．attackD．trust（8）A．patternB．formC．modelD．guess（9）A．conductedB．askedC．reflectedD．determined（10）A．favorableB．theoreticalC．strangeD．passionate（11）A．breakB．rememberC．remindD．delete（12）A．necessaryB．dangerousC．unfortunateD．impossible（13）A．developB．recoverC．planD．separate（14）A．GenerallyB．CertainlyC．EventuallyD．Actually（15）A．travellerB．driverC．runnerD．player（16）A．responsibleB．outstandingC．optimisticD．disciplined（17）A．recommendedB．forcedC．drawnD．advised（18）A．accessB．escapeC．resignD．close（19）A．turnoutB．turnoverC．turnbackD．turninto（20）A．toleranceB．patienceC．persistenceD．enthusiasm二．阅读理解（共4小题）2．（2024春•重庆期末）ALITTLEPRINCESSbyFrancesHodgsonBurnettPrice：＄7.10（PaperbackDec.9，1998）Thenoveltellsofthestoryofawealthyyounggirl，SaraCrewe，whoissenttoaboardingschoolduringherfather'scampaigninIndia.ThankstoCapt.Crewe'smoney，Saraistreatedasalittleprincessuntil，oneday，wordcomesofherfather'stragicdeath.MissMinchin，theschool'sgreedyheadmistress，wastesnotimeinputtingthenow﹣pennilessSaratoworkforherroomandboard.ItisonlythroughthefriendshipoftwoothergirlsandsomeastonishingluckthatSaraeventuallyfindsherwaybacktohappiness.THESECRETGARDENbyFrancesHodgsonBurnettPrice：＄3.95（PaperbackJuly1，2003）FrancesHodgsonBurnettwasthehighestpaidandmostwidelyreadwomanwriterofhertime，publishingmorethanfiftynovelsandthirteenplays.TheSecretGardenisabeautifultaleoffriendship，secretsandhumanspirits.AspoiledgirlnamedMaryreturnstoEnglandfromIndiawhenherparentsdie.SheissenttoliveinYorkshirewithheruncle.Curiousandlonely，shebeginstoexplorethehouse'sgardensanddiscoversakeytoasecretgardenthattheuncleclosedwhenhiswifedied.Thereshediscoveredasecretsoimportant，socharming，thatitwillchangeherlifeforever.PETERPANbyJ.M.BarrieandScottGustafsonPrice：＄16.95（HardcoverOct.1，1991）Itisachildren'sstoryfullofimaginationandadventures.Aboywhocanflyandmagicallyrefusestogrowup，PeterPanspendshisnever﹣endingchildhoodadventuringonthesmallislandofNeverlandastheleaderofhisgang，theLostBoys，interactingwithmermaids，Indians，fairiesandpirates，andfromtimetotimemeetingordinarychildrenfromtheworldoutside.Orderonlineandyoucannowsave20%offyourtotalpurchaseonordersover＄25!（1）Whatdothesethreebookshaveincommon？A.Theyareallaboutfriendship.B.Theyareallfullofadventure.C.Theyallhavesadendingsandownhardcovers.D.Theyallhavechildrenastheirmaincharacters.（2）WhyisthepriceofPETERPANhigher？A.Becauseithasahardcover.B.Becauseitwaspublishedearliest.C.Becauseitswriterismorefamous.D.Becauseitsstoryismoreinteresting.（3）Howmuchdoesitcosttoorderthesethreebooksonline？A.＄5.60.B.＄22.40.C.＄25.00.D.＄28.00.3．（2024春•西青区期末）WhenIwasforcedtoputupwithmyson'ssenseofhumor，whichincludedturningeverywordhereadintojokesabouthisfamilymembers，thesearchwason.CouldI，asthesupportiveandpatientparentItrytobe，findtherightbookformyson？Abookthatencourageshimtotollajokewithoutmakinguswanttowashhismouthoutwithsoap？IhadtoadmitIwasn'tconfident.Now，Ihaveabook，JaketheFakeKeepsItReal，athand.Infact，Jakeisnotaperfectkid.Thefirstbookintheseries，JaketheFakeKeepsItReal，openswithJakeexplaininghowhecheatedtogainadmissiontoanartsandmusicacademyforgiftedkids.SowhenJakerealizesthattofitinatartschool，hehastocomeupwithsomestrangeideas，Ialmostdiedlaughing.NotonlydidIthinkitwasfunny，mysondidtoo.Infact，JaketheFakeKeepsItRealturnedouttobeagreatdistraction（使人分心的事物）frommyson'sdisrespectfullyfunnybehavior.AndIwouldmuchratherhavemysonimitateJakebychewing（咀嚼）thesamepieceofgumforsixhoursandthenwritingaplayaboutit.Isucceededinonething：findingafittinglyfunnyrolemodelformyson.Attheendofthebook，inchapter13，Jake，whohasnotalent，hastoperformintheschooltalentshow（obviously，ifyoublowit，youhavetoquitschoolandworkonafishingboat）.Jakesitsdownatthepianobutknowshecan'tdoit，sohestandsupfromthepiano.Here'swherethebookreallywinsmyson'sheartforlife.Maybeoneday，mysonmightsay，asJakedoesafterhismotherpraiseshistalentshowappearanceandhugshimtightly，"She'sprettycoolsometimes，mymom."（1）Howdidtheauthorfindherson'shumour？A.Suitable.B.Boring.C.Interesting.D.Impolite.（2）WhoisJake？A.Agiftedkid.B.Theauthor'sson.C.Acharacterinanovel.D.Anhonestboy.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"imitate"inparagraph3mean？A.Copy.B.Defeat.C.Ignore.D.Entertain.（4）What'sthepossibleresultofJake？A.Hewouldbeagoodfisherman.B.Hewoulddevotehimselftomusic.C.Hemightbepunishedforhismistake.D.Hewouldwinanaward.（5）Whatistheauthor'sintentioninwritingthepassage？A.Tointroduceabookbriefly.B.Toshareaparentingexperience.C.Topromoteartseducation.D.Tofindabookforafunnychild.4．（2020•开福区校级开学）Whatwillmanbelikeinthefuture﹣in5，000oreven50，000years？Wecanonlymakeguesses，butwecanbesurethathewillbedifferentfromwhatheistoday，formanisslowlychangingallthetime.Letustakeanexample.Man，evenfivehundredyearsago，wasshorterthanheistoday.Now，onaverage（平均），menareaboutthreeinches（英尺）taller.Again，inthemodernworldweusebrainsagreatdeal.Evenso，westillmakeuseofonlyabout20%ofthebrain'scapacity（容量）.Astimegoeson，however，weshallhavetouseourbrainsmoreandmore，andeventuallyweshallneedlargerones!Thisislikelytobringaboutaphysicalchangetothehead，especiallytheforehead，willgrowlarger.Nowadaysoureyesareusedveryoften.Infact，weusethemsomuchthattheybecomeweakerandwehavetowearglasses.Butoveraverylongperiodoftimeitislikelythatman'seyeswillgrowstronger.Ontheotherhand，wetendtomakelessuseofourarmsandlegs.These，asaresult，arelikelytogrowweaker.Atthesametime，however，ourfingerswillgrowmoresensitivebecausetheyareusedagreatdealinmodernlife.Butwhatabouthair？Thiswillprobablydisappearfromthebodyaltogetherincourseoftimebecauseitdoesnotserveausefulpurposeanylonger.Inthefuture，then，bothsexesarelikelytobebald（光头的）.Perhapsallthisshowsthatfuturemanwillnotbeaveryattractivebeingtolookat!Thismaywellbetrue.Nomatterhowgreatthechangeis，futuremanwillstillhavealotincommonwithus.（1）Thepassagemainlytellsusthat.A．man'slifewillbedifferentinthefutureB．futuremanwilllookquitedifferentfromusC．manisgrowingtallerastimepasses（2）WhichpartsofmanmentionedinthepassagewillchangeEXCEPT.A．weightandearsB．brainandheightC．armsandlegs（3）Thechangeintheman'ssizeoftheforeheadisprobablybecause.A．hemakesuseonly20%ofthebrain'scapacityB．theother80%ofhisbrainwillgrowwithtimeC．hewillusehisbrainmoreandmoreastimegoeson（4）Theunderlinedword"sensitive"meansinChinese.A．纤细的B．灵敏的C．笨拙的（5）WhatisTRUEaboutahumanbeinginthefuture？A．Hemaybehairlessbecausehairisnolongeruseful.B．Hehassmallereyesandwearsbetterglasses.C．Hisfingersgrowweakerbecausehedoesn'thavetomakeuseofthem.5．（2024•威海二模）Howmuchwaterdoestheaverageadultneedtodrinkeveryday？"Eight8﹣ounceglasses"iscommonadvice，butanytrulyseriousanswertothehow﹣muchquestionwillbeginwithsomeversionofitdepends."ResearchershavelongknownthataregioncalledSFOinthebrainmonitorstheconcentration（浓度）ofwaterandsaltsinbloodandtriggerstheurgetodrink.Buttheyfailedtofullyexplainhowweexperiencethirst.Forexample，whenwegulpadrink，wefeelalmostinstantlysatisfied，andyetittakes10to15minutesforaliquidtoenterourbloodstream.Recentlyneuroscientistshavegainedotherremarkableinsightsintohowthirstismonitoredinthebodyandcontrolledinthebrain.Inaseriesofelegantexperimentswithmice，Zimmerman，aneuroscientist，andhisassociatesmeasuredtheactivityofneurons（神经元）intheSFO."Wesawthattheiractivitychangedveryfastwhenthemousedrankwaterordranksaltwaterandwhenitatefood，"hesays.TheresearchersshowedthatsignalsgatheredattheSFOfromseveralplaces."Yougetasignalfromthebloodthattellsyourcurrentstateofhydration（水平衡），asignalfromthemouththattellsyouhowmuchfluidyoudrank，andasignalfromthegutthattellsyouwhatwasconsumed—wasitwater，wasitsomethingelse？"TheSFOneurons，heexplains，"addthesesignalstogether"andthentransmittheurgetodrinkorstopdrinking.ThebigtakeawayofZimmerman'sworkisthatforthemostpartyoucantrustyourthirstsystemtotellyouwhenyouneedtodrink.Butthereareexceptions.Becausethesystem'ssensitivitymaydeclinewithage.Peoplewithcertainhealthconditions，includingkidneystonesanddiarrhea，alsoneedextrawater.Otherpartsofthebrain﹣theonesusedinplanning﹣shouldhelpwithhydrationonhotdaysandwhenexercising.Thirstyornot，Zimmermansays，hedrinkswaterbeforegoingforarun："Mythirstneuronsdon'tknowI'mabouttorun10miles."（1）Whathaslongbeenknownaboutthirst？A.Thirstexperiencevariesamongindividuals.BThirstiscontrolledbythewater﹣saltbalanceinblood.CThirstsatisfactionoccurswithwaterenteringbloodstream.D.Thirstresponseisinfluencedbythetypeofliquidconsumed.（2）What'sthemainideaofparagraph3？A.Whywefeelthirst.B.WhereSFOgetssignals.C.Howweexperiencethirst.D.WhenSFOneuronsgetactive.（3）What'sthemajorconclusionfromZimmerman'sstudy？A.Thirstsystemisgenerallyreliable.B.Illnessmightaffectthirstsensation.C.Brainareasforplanningaidinhydration.D.Brainadjuststoage﹣relatedthirstsensitivity.（4）Whatmaybeasuitabletitleforthetext？A.DrinkYourWaytoHealthB.ApplicationoftheThirstMechanismsC.MisunderstandingofDailyWaterIntakeD.BodyDetectsDailyWaterNeedsCleverly三．信息匹配（共1小题）6．（2024•潍坊三模）Intoday'sfast﹣pacedworld，wherescreentimeisafactoflife，thethoughtoftakingyourkidstoanartgallery—andthemactuallyenjoyingtheexperience—mightseemathanklessandimpossiblechallenge.（1）Surelyachildwon'thavethepatiencetostareatsomethingoutsidethescreen.Infact，artgalleriesserveasinvaluableeducationalandinstructionalresources.Theyinviteyoungviewerstointerpretandconnectwiththeartworkonapersonallevel.Thisexposurenotonlybroadenstheirartistichorizonsbutalsoencouragesthemtoappreciatedifferentwaysofseeingtheworld.Soartgalleriesarepackedwithnutritionformind，heart，andsoul.Butmanykidsarepickyeaters，andtakegalleriesasappetisingasyesterday'sporridge（粥）.（2）Allowyourchildrentofitinontheirownterms.Whosaidthatwalkingaroundagalleryhadtobeslowandmethodical，stoppingtolookateverypicture？（3）Iftheywanttoheadstraightforacertaindisplay，it'snobigdeal.Ifsomethingcatchestheireyeontheothersideoftheroom，farawayfromthePicassoorConstableinthespotlight，that'sabsolutelyfine.WhileitmightsoundlikeI'mnotbeinganartenthusiast，theparticularworkofartissimplynotimportant.Whatreallymattersisthatchildrenbuildaconnectionwithart.（4）Involveolderchildren，eitherwithorwithoutareward，insimplequizzessuchas，"Whocanguesstheartist？"or，"Whocanidentifytheperioditwasmade？"（5）Askquestionssuchas，"Whatexhibitdidyoufindmostexcitingorboring？"or，"Howdidthatpaintingmakeyoufeel？"anddiscussyourdifferentimpressionsofthesameworks.Asanaddedbonus，itwilldeepentheconnectionbetweenyouandyourchildren.Bytakingthisapproach，artisnolongerdullbutsomethingaliveandrelevanttoyoungpeople，andevenarewardingandfascinatingpursuitthatwilllastalifetime.A.Youcanmakeitintoagame.B.Howcantheyfindenjoyment？C.Italwaysenhancestheirinterest.D.Instead，letthemcontrolthepace.E.Talktochildreninthelanguageofemotionsasthisalsoworks.F.Limitingyourvisitto45minutesisperfectforstoppingboredom.G.Afterall，galleriesareforquietreflectionandobservation，right？四．语法填空（共1小题）7．（2024•邯郸模拟）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。InXunpu，Fujianprovince，appealofthetraditionalheaddressisboosting（1）（tour）andexpandingculturalcuriosity.Bornandraisedinthevillage，HuangRongbing（2）（use）towatchhismothermoveawoodencombthroughherlong，thickhair，whichwasasblackascalligrapher'sink."Thatwasthefirstthingshedideverymorning，whosehairwasaboutknee（3）（long）.Sheoftenrolledherhairaroundtwofingers，（4）（form）abun（圆发髻）onthebackofherhead，"recalledHuang."Thenshewouldput（5）（color）flowersonherheadasdecorations，whichwasknown（6）zanhuaorzanhuawei."VisitorsgotoXunpuandbytheriversideshootphotosand（7）（video）dressedintraditionalChineseclothesandazanhua.Inspiredbythelocalcustom，HuangopensasaloncalledXunpuHuami（8）touristscanhavetheirhairdoneinzanhuastyleandgettheirphotostaken.Thesalonislocatedbyariverside，whichishome（9）restaurantsandcoffeeshopspopularwiththeyoung.Asadailyroutine，Huangputsflowersonacustomer'sbun，whichforms（10）circularshapethatsymbolizesunity，perfection，andcompletion.五．单词拼写（共5小题）8．（2022春•建邺区校级期末）Havingbeenatschoolfor10months，itisothateverystudentislookingforwardtothecomingsummervacation.（根据首字母单词拼写）9．（2017春•深圳期末）They（提供）thesuffererswithfoodandclothes．10．（2016秋•邯郸期末）Nomatterwhatdifficultyyouwillmeetwithonthewaytosuccess，youshouldnever（灰心）．11．Toavoidsubsequenta，pleaseensurethattheL/Cstipulationsareprecise.12．（2024春•金凤区校级期末）However，AIisnotgoingtogoaway.Wehavenochoicebuttoembraceitandr（控制，管理）it.（根据中英文提示单词拼写）六．书面表达（共2小题）13．（2023•茅箭区校级模拟）假定你是李华，在抖音上碰巧刷到李女士发布海边民宿招租信息，刚好打算今年高考结束后和五位女伴前往体验生活一周。请写信向李女士咨询。内容包括：（1）告知行程时间安排；（2）咨询房屋相关具体事项；（3）赶海相关事宜等。注意：（1）词数80词左右；（2）请在答题卡相应位置作答。参考词汇：抖音TikTok赶海combthebeach民宿homestayDearMs.Li，______Yourssincerely，LiHua14．（2024•新疆模拟）Tomymother，thefourbasicfoodgroupsaremeat，milk，grainandcoleslaw（凉拌菜丝）﹣piecesofrawcabbage，carrot，onion，etc.mixedwithsauce.Andshealwaysthinkshighlyofherhandmadecoleslaw.Inourhouse，thecoleslawalwaysgoesonthetableinabowl.IloveMom'scoleslaw，buttherewasatimeIdistinctlyrememberwhenitcausedabsolutepanicwithinme.Earlyinthefirstgrade，IracedhomefromschoolwithacollectionofpapershandedtomebymyclassteacherMary.AsIrushedthroughthefrontdoor，IimmediatelyrantothekitchenwhereMomwasmakingchickennoodlesoup.Holdingthepapers，Ibegged，"Readthemtome，Mom，please!"Slowlyshestartedreadingaloud.Ismiledwithdelightasshereadtomewhatseemedanalmostendlesslistofexcitingadventureswaitingformeinthecomingyear.Andthen，ithappened."It'satraditionforamothertobringahomemadetreatfortheclasstoshareonherchild'sbirthday，"sheread."Itneedn'tbeanythingfancy，justsomethingyouenjoymaking."Thewordsfloatedthroughtheairinpainfullyslowmotion.Thephrase"justsomethingyouenjoymaking"keptappearinginsidemyhead.UntilmybirthdayinApril，IlivedinfearthatMomwouldarriveatschoolwithacartfullofhercoleslawforeveryonetoshare.Iimaginedtheclassmateslaughingatme，"Whowouldbringcoleslawonhisbirthday？Oh，stupidTom!"WhenIleftforschoolonthemorningofmybirthday，Momwasmakingcakes.Ihadreliefandwasgladshewouldbringthecakes.Butthen，Ifoundtherewereagreatmanyrawvegetablesinthefridge."Willyoualsomakecoleslawforme，Mom？"Iasked，shocked.注意：（1）续写词数应为150左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。PanicsweptovermeasIlookedatMomforananswer."Wow，howdelicious!"Marysaid，andthenalltheothersexpectedthecoleslaw.

2024-2025学年上学期河北高二英语期末典型卷2参考答案与试题解析一．完形填空（共1小题）1．AlanTuringisacknowledgedasthefatherofthecomputer.Hewasalsooneofthemost（1）DBritishfiguresofthe20thcentury.In1936，Turing（2）Cthecomputeraspartofhisattemptto（3）Aadifficultproblem—abigheadachefor（4）Aatthetime.Turingattackedtheproblemby（5）Bamachinewitha（n）extremelylongtape.Thetapeis（6）Dsymbolsthatfeedinstructionstothemachine，tellingithowto（7）Bothersymbols.Technically，thisuniversalTuringmachineisamathematical（8）Cofthemoderncomputersweallusetoday.However，Turingalso（9）Dthatnotallmathematicalproblemscanbesolvedbythemachine.Turing'scontributionstothemodernworldwerenotmerely（10）B.Duringthesecondworldwar，Turinginventedamachinethatcould（11）AGermancode，whichwassupposedtobe（12）Dtotrack.Afterthewar，Turingcontinuedto（13）Ahisideasaboutcomputerscience.Hismostfamousworkcamein1950whenhepublishedapaperasking"canmachinesthink？".（14）C，theTuringtestthatamachinecouldimitatehumanconversationcameintobeing.WhatisfarlessknownaboutTuringisthathewasalong﹣distance（15）CandfinishedfifthintheAAAMarathonChampionships，theBritishtrialracefortheOlympicGamesinLondonin1948.Although（16）BindividualslikeTuringareoften（17）Ctophysicalexerciseto（18）Btheirdeeplyintellectualwork，few（19）Aasgoodattheirsportashedid.Hisrealpassioninlife，apartfromthecomputer，wastorunintheOlympicGames，inthemarathon."Iwasprobably20atthetime，butIsometimesfeltalotolder，"Hesaid.Becausehehadthisextraordinarynaivety，likea15yearold，hebouncedwhenhetalked，andhehadtremendous（20）D.（1）A．hopefulB．ambitiousC．humorousD．influential（2）A．usedB．operatedC．inventedD．analyzed（3）A．solveB．raiseC．discoverD．search（4）A．mathematiciansB．engineersC．designersD．conductors（5）A．copyingB．imaginingC．exchangingD．checking（6）A．involvedinB．addedtoC．trappedinD．coveredwith（7）A．attractB．controlC．attackD．trust（8）A．patternB．formC．modelD．guess（9）A．conductedB．askedC．reflectedD．determined（10）A．favorableB．theoreticalC．strangeD．passionate（11）A．breakB．rememberC．remindD．delete（12）A．necessaryB．dangerousC．unfortunateD．impossible（13）A．developB．recoverC．planD．separate（14）A．GenerallyB．CertainlyC．EventuallyD．Actually（15）A．travellerB．driverC．runnerD．player（16）A．responsibleB．outstandingC．optimisticD．disciplined（17）A．recommendedB．forcedC．drawnD．advised（18）A．accessB．escapeC．resignD．close（19）A．turnoutB．turnoverC．turnbackD．turninto（20）A．toleranceB．patienceC．persistenceD．enthusiasm【考点】记叙文；杰出人物．【答案】（1）﹣（5）DCAAB（6）﹣（10）DBCDB（11）﹣（15）ADACC（16）﹣（20）BCBAD【分析】这篇文章主要介绍了AlanTuring的生平和成就。他被誉为计算机之父，他在1936年发明了计算机，以解决当时的一个难题。他在二战期间发明了一台能破解德国密码的机器。此外，他在1950年提出了"机器能否思考"的问题，从而产生了图灵测试。不为人知的是，他还是一名长跑运动员，曾在1948年伦敦奥运会马拉松比赛中获得第五名。他的真正热情除了计算机外，还有参加奥运会马拉松比赛。【解答】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.hopeful有希望的；B.ambitious有抱负的；C.humorous幽默的；D.influential有影响力的。根据上文"AlanTuringisacknowledgedasthefatherofthecomputer."可推知，图灵是最有影响力的人物之一。故选D项。（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.used使用；B.operated操作；C.invented发明；D.analyzed分析。根据上文"AlanTuringisacknowledgedasthefatherofthecomputer."可知，图灵是计算机之父，可以说他发明了计算机。故选C项。（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.solve解决；B.raise提升；C.discover发现；D.search搜查。根据句中"adifficultproblem"和下文"Turingattackedtheproblemby5amachine"可推知，图灵发明了计算机是为了解决难题。故选A项。（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.mathematicians数学家；B.engineers工程师；C.designers设计师；D.conductors指挥。根据下文"However，Turingalso5thatnotallmathematicalproblemscanbesolvedbythemachine."可知，图灵发明的计算机可以用来解决数学问题，由此推知，图灵当时为了解决一个让数学家们非常头疼的问题，发明了计算机。故选A项。（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.copying复制；B.imagining想像；C.exchanging交换；D.checking检查。根据上文可知，为了解决一个让数学家们非常头疼的问题，图灵决定发明一台机器。而这台机器是之前没有的事物，是他想象出来的东西。故选B项。（6）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.（be）involvedin参与；B.（be）addedto被加进；C.（be）trappedin陷入困境；D.（be）coveredwith被覆盖。根据上文"a（n）extremelylongtape"可推知，这些符号是写在纸带上的，所以纸带上覆盖着符号。故选D项。（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.attract吸引；B.control控制；C.attack进攻；D.trust信任。根据句中"instructionstothemachine"可推知，这些符号要告诉机器如何控制其它符号。故选B项。（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.pattern模式；B.form表格；C.model模型；D.guess猜测。根据第一段中"AlanTuringisacknowledgedasthefatherofthecomputer."可知，图灵是计算机之父，由些推知，他发明的通用图灵机是现代计算机的数学模型。故选C项。（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.conducted实施；B.asked询问；C.reflected反映；D.determined查明，确定。根据句中"thatnotallmathematicalproblemscanbesolvedbythemachine."可知，这是图灵对自己发明的通用图灵机的认识，是他经过实践确定的事情。故选D项。（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.favorable赞成的；B.theoretical理论的；C.strange陌生的；D.passionate热情的。根据上文"Technically，thisuniversalTuringmachineisamathematical（8）ofthemoderncomputersweallusetoday."可知，通用图灵机是数学模型，所以更多的是理论上的贡献。故选B项。（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.break破解，破译；B.remember记得；C.remind提醒；D.delete删除。根据句中"Duringthesecondworldwar"和"Germancode"可推知，图灵发明的机器可以破译二战中德国的密码。故选A项。（12）考查形容词及语境理解。A.necessary必要的；B.dangerous危险的；C.unfortunate不幸的；D.impossible不可能的。根据上文"Turing'scontributionstothemodernworldwerenotmerely（8）."可知，破译德国密码的机器也是图灵对现代世界的贡献，由此推知，破译机器在二次世界大战期间是巨大的贡献，因为德国的密码被认为是无法追踪。故选D项。（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.develop发展；B.recover恢复；C.plan计划；D.separate分离。根据下文"Hismostfamousworkcamein1950whenhepublishedapaperasking'canmachinesthink？'"可推知，战后图灵继续发展计算机科学思想。故选A项。（14）考查副词及语境理解。A.Generally大概；B.Certainly确定；C.Eventually最终；D.Actually实际上。句中"theTuringtest"是图灵继续进行研究，最终得到的成果。故选C项。（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.traveller旅行者；B.driver司机；C.runner跑步者；D.player运动员。根据句中"finishedfifthintheAAAMarathonChampionships"可知，图灵也是长跑运动员。故选C项。（16）考查形容词及语境理解。A.responsible负责的；B.outstanding杰出的；C.optimistic乐观的；D.disciplined训练有素的。根据上文可知，图灵在很多领域作出杰出贡献，所以他是一个"杰出的"的个体。故选B项。（17）考查动词及语境理解。A.recommended推荐；B.forced强迫；C.drawn吸引；D.advised建议。上文讲图灵是一名优秀的长跑运动员，结合句中"individualslikeTuringareoften"可推知，其它像图灵这样杰出的人也常常被体育锻炼所吸引。故选C项。（18）考查动词及语境理解。A.access接近；B.escape逃避；C.resign辞职；D.close关闭。结合常识和句中"theirdeeplyintellectualwork"可推知，这些像图灵这样杰出的人参加体育锻炼是为了逃避他们深奥的智力工作。故选B项。（19）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.turnout最后是，结果是；B.turnover翻过来；C.turnback往回走；D.turninto变成。根据句中"asgoodattheirsportashedid."可知，尽管被体育锻炼所吸引的杰出人才很多，但最终很少有人像图灵那样成功。故选A项。（20）考查名词及语境理解。A.tolerance忍受；B.patience耐心；C.persistence坚持不懈；D.enthusiasm激情。根据句中"hebouncedwhenhetalked"可推知，图灵充满了激情。故选D项。【点评】做完形填空题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是非常重要的一个步骤。通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓。在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题。根据习惯用法、固定搭配，并从上下文中找关键性暗示，注意前后对照，逐句精读，逐题分析选项。所有的答案选出之后，应再次通读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整。二．阅读理解（共4小题）2．（2024春•重庆期末）ALITTLEPRINCESSbyFrancesHodgsonBurnettPrice：＄7.10（PaperbackDec.9，1998）Thenoveltellsofthestoryofawealthyyounggirl，SaraCrewe，whoissenttoaboardingschoolduringherfather'scampaigninIndia.ThankstoCapt.Crewe'smoney，Saraistreatedasalittleprincessuntil，oneday，wordcomesofherfather'stragicdeath.MissMinchin，theschool'sgreedyheadmistress，wastesnotimeinputtingthenow﹣pennilessSaratoworkforherroomandboard.ItisonlythroughthefriendshipoftwoothergirlsandsomeastonishingluckthatSaraeventuallyfindsherwaybacktohappiness.THESECRETGARDENbyFrancesHodgsonBurnettPrice：＄3.95（PaperbackJuly1，2003）FrancesHodgsonBurnettwasthehighestpaidandmostwidelyreadwomanwriterofhertime，publishingmorethanfiftynovelsandthirteenplays.TheSecretGardenisabeautifultaleoffriendship，secretsandhumanspirits.AspoiledgirlnamedMaryreturnstoEnglandfromIndiawhenherparentsdie.SheissenttoliveinYorkshirewithheruncle.Curiousandlonely，shebeginstoexplorethehouse'sgardensanddiscoversakeytoasecretgardenthattheuncleclosedwhenhiswifedied.Thereshediscoveredasecretsoimportant，socharming，thatitwillchangeherlifeforever.PETERPANbyJ.M.BarrieandScottGustafsonPrice：＄16.95（Hard