2024-2025学年上学期福建高一英语期末典型卷2

第1页（共1页）2024-2025学年上学期福建高一英语期末典型卷2一．完形填空（共1小题）1．（2023春•碑林区校级期末）Beep!Beep!Beep!Irolledoverandturnedoffmyalarmclock.ItwasstilldarkoutsidesoIfeltmywaytothewallswitchand（1）thelight.IgotupquicklybecauseIknewmydogwouldbe（2）togetoutsideforthemorningwalk.Ireachedovertograba（3）andstopped.Itwas（4）stillautumnbutthe（5）hereintheAppalachianMountainsofmyhomedidn'tfollowthecalendar.Ithadbeen（6）andsnowytwodaysagobutwarmandrainyyesterday.Ihadforgottentochecktheweatherreportfortoday，however，soIwasn'tsureifI（7）mylightjacketormyheavycoat.I（8）mylightjacket，pulleditonandleashedup（用皮带系住）mydog.Iopenedthedoorandsteppedoutside.JustforamomentIrealizedIhadmadethe（9）choice.EachbreathIexhaledwasafrozenmist.Thewindchillwasbittercold.Thegrasswascoveredin（10）andItriedtokeepmy（11）whilemydogdraggedmealongbehindhim.Ishivered（打寒颤）andcomplainedabitbutfinallyturnedmy（12）uptotheheavens.Ilookedupatthepre﹣dawn（13）andsawitwasfulloftwinklingstars.Itwassobeautifulandsopeaceful.（14），Ifeltawarmthinsideofmeand（15）shivering.Whilemydogsniffed（嗅）theground，Iopenedmyhearttothe（16）ofnature'screation.Inallofitsdifferentseasonsithadnever（17）totouchmysoul.Ithadheatedmyheartonthecoldestdaysand（18）myspiritonthedarkestnights.Ourlivesherearefullofvarious（19）aswell.Fromtheinnocenceandyouthofspringtothewisdomandwrinklesofwinter，weareallcalledtolive，togive，togrowandtolove.（20）allyourseasons.Makeeachdayacreationofyourlove.（1）A．gaveawayB．switchedoffC．turnedonD．cameto（2）A．curiousB．afraidC．ableD．eager（3）A．phoneB．coatC．flashlightD．rope（4）A．nearlyB．technicallyC．usuallyD．probably（5）A．weatherB．conditionC．atmosphereD．custom（6）A．windyB．mildC．coldD．cool（7）A．removedB．packedC．washedD．needed（8）A．focusedonB．decidedonC．insistedonD．triedon（9）A．difficultB．complexC．confusingD．unwise（10）A．frostB．mudC．dustD．water（11）A．patienceB．distanceC．balanceD．strength（12）A．handB．headC．soulD．heart（13）A．skyB．mountainC．moonD．cloud（14）A．GraduallyB．GenerallyC．SuddenlyD．Actually（15）A．avoidedB．regrettedC．appreciatedD．stopped（16）A．challengeB．signalC．realityD．wonder（17）A．failedB．refusedC．intendedD．offered（18）A．freedB．lightedC．renewedD．spotted（19）A．seasonsB．memoriesC．discoveriesD．dreams（20）A．AdmitB．IntroduceC．RememberD．Enjoy二．阅读理解（共4小题）2．（2024春•泸州期末）Asforsuspension（悬索桥）bridges，thelengthofthemainspan（跨度）isthemostcommonmethodofcomparingtheirsizesandgreatness.Thislistcoverssomelongestmainspansofsuspensionbridgesaroundtheworld，notlongesttotallengths，asthosemaincentralspansaretheplacestherealengineeringmagichappensin.GreatBeltBridge，DenmarkTheGreatBeltBridgeconnectstheDanishislandsZealandandFunen.Ithasatotallengthof6，790metersandamaincentralspanof1，624meters，makingittheworld'ssixthlongestmainspan﹣fornow.1915CanakkaleBridge，TurkeyThe1915CanakkaleBridge，openedbyPresidentRecepTayyipErdoğanon18March2022afterfiveyearsofconstruction，isasymbolofnationalpride.Theyear"1915"intheofficialTurkishnamehonoursanimportantvictoryagainstthenaviesoftheUnitedKingdomandFranceduringWorldWarI.Officially，itisthelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworldwithamainspanof2，023meters.AkashiKaikyoBridge，JapanTheAkashiKaikyoBridgelinksthecityofKobeontheJapaneseislandofHonshutoIwayaonAwajiIsland.ItcrossesthebusyandturbulentAkashiStrait.Itwascompletedin1998，andatthetime，wasthelongestcentralspanat1，991metres，andcurrentlyitisjustbehindthe1915CanakkaleBridge.Thebridgewasspeciallydesigned，allowingthestructuretowithstandwindsof286kilometresperhour，earthquakesmeasuringupomagnitude8.5，andharshseacurrents.YangsigangYangtzeRiverBridge，ChinaTheYangsigangYangtzeRiverBridgeisasuspensionbridgeinWuhan，Hubei，China.ItopenedtotrafficonOctober8，2019andisthethirdlongestmaincentralspanintheworld.Thebridgespans1，700metersacrossthefamousYangtzeRiver.Thebridgehastheworld'slongestdouble﹣deckbridgespan，holdingvariousformsoftransportationonitstwodecks.（1）Whatdoweknowaboutthemaincentralspanofasuspensionbridge？A.It'swhereengineersstarttheresearch.B.It'swheredesignandconstructionshine.C.It'snotrelatedtoabridge'stotallength.D.It'sanewmethodofmeasuringabridge.（2）Whatisspecialaboutthe1915CanakkaleBridge？A.Itcameintobeingfiveyearsago.B.Ithasthelongestmaincentralspan.C.Itwasnamedafteranationalpresident.D.Itmarkstheendofthefirstworldwar.（3）Whereisthelongestsuspensionbridgewithatwo﹣levelspan？A.InDenmark.B.InTurkey.C.InJapan.D.InChina.3．（2022秋•彰武县期末）ItwasagloriouslysunnydayinSwitzerlandandweweredrivingovertheAlps.Ourdaughterwassingingintheback；shewashappytohavejustpassedherlatestexams.We'djustsurvivedatrip，goingdownamountain.IntheAlps，whicheverwayyougo，you'retravelingontinymountainroadswithlotsofswitchbacks.Andassoonaswereachedthefirsthairpin（弯道），werealizedtherewassomethingseriouslywrongwithourbrakes（刹车）.Theydidn'twork.Comingintothebend，theonlywaymyhusbandcouldslowusdownwasbyusingthehandbrake.Theproblemwithmountainroadsisthatthereareveryfewplacestoturnaroundorpulltothesideoftheroadsafely.Andwe'djustleftacarpark，whichmeanttherewouldn'tbeanotherparkingareaforawhile.Allwecoulddowascontinuedownthemountain，inourheavymotorhome（房车）whichwasgainingspeed，tryinghardtoslowwithoutworkingbrakes.Therewere180﹣degreebendsevery200metersorso﹣﹣﹣andeachonewascompletelyterrifying.Wedidn'tknowiforwhenthehandbrakewouldgiveout，andthenwewouldbeinbigtrouble﹣﹣﹣therearen'tanybarrierstostopyougoingovertheedgeontheseroads.I'mgratefulmyhusbandwasdrivingandthathewasabletodealwithit.Yes，ourhandbrakewasruined.No，wedidn'tcare.Atthebottomofthemountain，wewereluckytofindasmalltownwithagarage.There，wequicklydiscoveredthecause﹣﹣﹣ourbrakeliquidhadtotallydisappeared!Whenweboughtthemotorhomethreemonthsearlier，we'dbeenassuredithadjustreceivedafullserviceandavehicletest.Wedidourownchecks，too，butweneverthoughttocheckthebrakeliquid.Itturnedoutthatithadn'tbeenchangedforyearsandwasmostlywater﹣﹣﹣whichmeantithadchangedintogasoverthepast48hoursasthebrakesgothotgoingupanddownthemountainuntilitwasgone.Thankfully，thegaragewasabletoreplaceitandtheyalsochangedthehandbrakeforus.（1）Whydidtheauthor'sdaughtersing？A．ShewashappyattheAlpsscenery.B．ShewouldgoonatripinAlps.C．Shehadjustpassedherexams.D．Shesurvivedadisasterwithherparents.（2）Whatdidtheauthor'shusbandtrytodo？A．Makethemotorhomegainspeed.B．Lookforacarparkquickly.C．Pullthemotorhometothesideofroad.D．Slowdownthemotorhomebyusinghandbrake.（3）Whatdidn'ttheauthorcareatall？A．Thedestroyedhandbrake.B．Theedgeoftheroads.C．Thebarrierstostopcars.D．Themotorhometheybought.（4）Whathadn'tbeenchangedforyearsaboutthemotorhome？A．Itstires.B．Itsbrakeliquid.C．Itshandbrake.D．Itswheels.4．（2024•唐山开学）Illeism，putsimply，isthepracticeoftalkingaboutoneselfinthethirdpersonratherthanthefirstperson.Thisrhetoricaldeviceisoftenusedbypoliticianstolendtheirwordsanairofobjectivity.InhisaccountoftheGallicWar，forexample，theemperorJuliusCaesarwrote"Caesaravenged（报复）thepublic"ratherthan"Iavengedthepublic".Thissmallverbalshiftseemsintendedtomakethestatementfeelalittlemorelikehistoricalfact，recordedbyanobjectiveobserver.Tothemodernear，illeismcansoundalittlesillyorself﹣important﹣andwemayevenridiculefamouspeoplewhochoosetotalkinthisway.Yetrecentpsychologicalresearchsuggeststhatilleismcanbringsomerealmentalbenefits.Ifwearetryingtomakeadifficultdecision，speakingaboutourselvesinthethirdpersoncanhelptocalmtheemotionsthatcouldleadourthinkingoffcourse，allowingustofindawisersolutiontoourproblem.ThisapproachcorrespondstothescientificstudyofwisdombyIgorGrossmannattheUniversityofWaterlooinCanada.Thestudyrevealedthatthewisdomofpeople'sreasoningcandependonthecontext.Inparticular，hefoundthattheirwisereasoningscorestendedtobemuchhigherwhenconsideringotherpeople'ssituationsthantheirownpersonaldilemmas.Grossmanncalledthis"Solomon'sParadox"aftertheancientBiblicalking，whowasfamousforadvisingotherswisely，whilemakingaseriesofdisastrouspersonaldecisionsthatultimatelylefthiskingdominchaos.Byswitchingtothethirdperson，ourdescriptionsofthesituationwillstarttosoundasifwearetalkingaboutsomeoneelseratherthanourselves.Thissenseofdetachment（抽离）wouldallowustoseethebiggerpicture，ratherthangettingcaughtupinourownfeelings.（1）WhyisJuliusCaesarmentioned？A.Topresentafact.B.Toserveasaproof.C.Tointroduceawar.D.Torecommendadevice.（2）Whatkeypointisconveyedinparagraph2？A.Illeismsupportsclearerreasoning.B.Modernpeopledislikeilleism.C.Thefamousarecarefulaboutilleism.D.Illeismenhancesmultipleemotions.（3）WhatcanwelearnfromGrossmann'sstudy？A.Dilemmasstimulatereasoning.B.Wisdombeginsinwonder.C.Bystandersareclear﹣sighted.D.Everymanhashisowntrouble.（4）Whatisthebesttitleofthetext？A.AProvenDeviceforGreatLeadersB.TheAncientTrickforWiserThinkingC.AnEffectiveWayfromaNewPerspectiveD.TheAge﹣OldPracticeinModernExperiment5．（2024•德州三模）CharlesDarwinfoundinspirationforhistheoryofevolutioninbirds'beaks，gianttortoiseshells—andlanguage."Thesurvivalofcertainfavoredwordsinthestruggleforexistenceisnaturalselection，"hewroteinTheDescentofManin1871.Languagegraduallyshiftsovertime.Muchresearchexamineshowsocialandenvironmentalfactorsinfluencelanguagechange，butignorestheforcesofhumancognitiveselectionthatfixcertainwordsintothelexicon（词汇表）.Foranextensivenewstudypublishedrecently，scientistsinvestigatedjustthat.Inanexperimentlikeagameoftelephone，thousandsofparticipantsreadEnglish﹣languagestoriesandrewrotethemtobereadbyotherparticipants，whothenrewrotethemforothers.Onlycertainwordsfromthefirststoriessurvivedinthefinalversions.Researchersanalyzedthewordtypesspeakersconsistentlyfavored，theorizingthatsuchpreferencesdrivelanguagechangeovertime.ThescientistsalsoseparatelyanalyzedtwolargecollectionsofEnglishhistoricaltextsfromthepasttwocenturies，containingmorethan40billionwords—againseeingonlycertaintypessurvive.Theendresultshowsthreepropertiesthatgivewordsan"evolutionaryadvantage"byhelpingthemstickinthebrain：First，wordstypicallyacquiredatanearlyage（suchas"hand，""uncle"or"today"）arestabler.Next，concretewordslinger（逗留）betterthanabstractones："dog"persistslongerthan"animal，"whichpersistslongerthan"organism."Lastly，emotionallyexcitingwords—whethernegativeorpositive—tendtoendure.Earlylanguage﹣evolutionmodelsassumedthatlanguagebecomesincreasinglycomplexovertime.ButFritzBreithaupt，acognitivescientist，saysthenewstudysupportsamorerecenttheorythatlanguageultimatelygetsmoreefficientandeasiertounderstand.Still，asthestudynotes，"theEnglishlanguageisnotbabytalk."Breithauptexplains："Yes，weshifttowardsimplelanguage，butthenwealsograbcomplexlanguagethatweneed."Newwordsthataddressthecomplexitiesofmodernlifemaysomewhatbalanceoutthisshift.ColumbiaUniversitylinguistMcWhortermoreorlessagreeswiththestudy'sresultsaboutevolutionaryadvantageswithinlanguage.Hequestions，however，implicationsregardingtheoverallefficiencyofEnglish—alanguagewhichcontainsthingslike"needlesslycomplex"grammaticaltraces.（1）Whatdoesthenewstudyconcentrateon？A.Theimpactofcognitiveselection.B.TheperspectiveofCharlesDarwin.C.Theeffectivenessofpreservedwords.D.Theimportanceofnaturalenvironment.（2）Whatmaymakeawordgainevolutionaryadvantage？A.Itsstabilityinword﹣building.B.Itsmoreabstractmeaning.C.Itsstrongemotionalinformation.D.Itssimplegrammaticalstructure.（3）Whatphenomenondoestheunderlined"thisshift"inParagraph5referto？A.Communicationgetsmorecomplex.B.Humansprefertousesimplerlanguage.C.Languageisgettinglessunderstandable.D.Newwordscaninterpretmodernlifeeasily.（4）WhatdoesMcWhorterimplyaboutEnglish？A.Ithasanevolutionaryadvantage.B.Itkeepsthegrammaticaltraces.C.Itshouldbesimplifiedsometimes.D.Peopleshouldembraceitschanges.三．信息匹配（共1小题）6．（2023秋•海安市期中）"Wearebecomingthepeoplewewantedtobe，"GloriaSteinem，ajournalistandsocialactivist，declaredinthe1970s.Sohavewomenreallybecomethepeopletheywantedtobe？Yes.（1）Andtheyarenurses，clerks，doctors，scientistsandsoon.Forabetterunderstanding，herearesometruedataaboutwomenatwork.（2）Oneofthegreatchangesingenderequalityistakingplaceineducation.Morewomengraduatefromhighschool，attendandgraduatefromcollege.In1994，63percentoffemalehighschoolgraduatesand61percentofmalehighschoolgraduateswereenrolledincollegethefollowingfall，accordingtothePewResearchCenter.By2012，thatnumberforwomenjumpedto71percent，butremainedunchangedformales，at61percent.Thewagegapbetweenmalesandfemalesisstillexisting.Evenasmorewomenarefloodingontocollegecampuses，here'sadisappointingtrend.（3）Buttherestillisagapbetweentheirearningsandmen'searnings.Womeninprofessionalspecialtyoccupationsearn72.7percentofwhatmeninthesamepositionearn.Isthereanyplacewomenearnthesameasmen？No.Unfortunately，thereisnosuchplace.Butitcanbetoawoman'sadvantagetoworkinalaborunion.（4）So，whilethereisagap，it'smuchlessthaninprofessionswithoutunions，wherewomenmake72percentofmen'sincomes.Womenbringhomemoreincome.（5）Over40percentofmomsarenowthesoleorprimarysourceofincomeinU.S.households.Womenarenowtheprimaryorco﹣money﹣makerinnearlytwo﹣thirdsofAmericanfamiliesandworkingmarriedwomenbringhome44percentoftheirfamilyincome.A.Educationisspeciallysignificantforwomen.B.Womenaretakinghighereducationbystorm.C.Itisafactthatwomenclimbhigherintheworkworldnow.D.Anincreasingnumberofwomenhavejoinedtheworkforce.E.Morethaneverbefore，womenarethebreadwinnersinthehousehold.F.Today，30percentofallthebusinessesareownedandoperatedbywomen.G.Womenwhoworkinunionizedprofessionsmake82percentofmen'sincomes.四．语法填空（共1小题）7．（2023春•禅城区校级期中）It'soneofthelongesttrainjourneysintheworld﹣2，910milesacrossChina.AndwhenphotographerMatthieuPaleywaslookingforways（1）（get）hiswifeandtwosonsfromHongKongtothenorthwestChinaitlookedliketheperfectchoice."Ithoughtit'dbe（2）（amaze），"hesays."WewillgettoseeChina!"Evenbetterthetrain's52﹣hourjourneyfromGuangdong，nearHongKong，toXinjiangwasmuchsimplerandfarlessexpensive（3）flying.PaleyandhisfamilysawChinachangewitheverymile.Thetrain'slaststopisacity（4）（call）Urumqi.ThecomfortofthetrainandthebeautyofthelandscapesattractedthePaleys.Paleyremembers，"Wewerealllookingateachotherthelastday（5）（wish）itwouldlastanother24hours!"Afterafew（6）（day）inUrumgithePaleyssetoutforPakistan.They（7）（take）abussouthwesttothecityofHotanandthenboardedanothertraingoingnorthwesttothecityofKashgar.MostofthepassengersonthistrainwereUygur，aChineseminortywholivemostlyinthewest.Uygursspeakalanguage（8）issimilartoTurkish.AndsincePaleyisfluentinTurkish，hecouldtalkwiththesepassengersandgetasenseoftheirlives."Itwas（9）shorttrip，justsixhours，Paleysays."Thejourneylet（10）（I）seethevastnessandbeautyofChina.五．单词拼写（共2小题）8．Ireallyadmirepeoplecanworkinsuchdifficultconditions.9．（2024春•信宜市月考）yourtimelyhelp，Ididmyexperimentsuccessfully.（幸亏）（根据汉语提示完成句子）六．词性转换（共8小题）10．Shecreatedsomanyspectacularproductsforthecompanythatshewassoonpromotedtochief（design）.11．TheUniversityofCambridge，foundedin1209，ishometoagreatnumberofoutstanding（figure）.（所给词的适当形式填空）12．（2024•南溪区开学）highadj.高的adv.在高处n.身高，高度13．（2022秋•香坊区校级期中）Hewaslikelytobe（familiar）withyou，sohedidn'tsayhellotoyou.（所给词的适当形式填空）14．（2022秋•朝阳区期末）—Hi，Steve，canIuseyourcomputerforawhilethisafternoon？—Sorry，it（repair）now.15．Itisagreedthat（read）widelyisoneofthemosteffectivewaystoenlargeourvocabulary.（所给词的适当形式填空）16．（2024春•梅州期末）Inthefaceofhisphysical（disable），thelittleboydoesn'tloseheart.（所给词的适当形式填空）17．（2024春•东莞市期末）Suddenly，thedetective（grip）hispartner'sarmandstoppedinfrontofthedrawer.七．翻译题（共5小题）18．据说会议将在九点开始，但是你最好去确认一下。（汉译英）19．研究人员发现，笑能让人更健康、更长寿。（make十宾语+宾语补足语）20．（2024春•萝北县校级期末）takeaselfie21．（2024•黄浦区一模）新软件能够以超出预期的速度处理数据。（capable）22．IhavestudiedEnglishforsevenyears...justthink，sevenyears，butIonlyknowsomewordsandgrammarrules.八．书面表达（共1小题）23．（2024•平遥县校级模拟）假定你是李华，正在美国留学，得知校街舞社团将组建团队参加市中学生街舞表演，你想报名参加本次活动。请你给活动指导老师Alice写一封邮件，内容包括：（1）自我介绍；（2）询问活动相关信息；（3）表达意愿。注意：（1）词数80左右；（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearAlice，______Yours，LiHua

2024-2025学年上学期福建高一英语期末典型卷2参考答案与试题解析一．完形填空（共1小题）1．（2023春•碑林区校级期末）Beep!Beep!Beep!Irolledoverandturnedoffmyalarmclock.ItwasstilldarkoutsidesoIfeltmywaytothewallswitchand（1）Cthelight.IgotupquicklybecauseIknewmydogwouldbe（2）Dtogetoutsideforthemorningwalk.Ireachedovertograba（3）Bandstopped.Itwas（4）Bstillautumnbutthe（5）AhereintheAppalachianMountainsofmyhomedidn'tfollowthecalendar.Ithadbeen（6）Candsnowytwodaysagobutwarmandrainyyesterday.Ihadforgottentochecktheweatherreportfortoday，however，soIwasn'tsureifI（7）Dmylightjacketormyheavycoat.I（8）Bmylightjacket，pulleditonandleashedup（用皮带系住）mydog.Iopenedthedoorandsteppedoutside.JustforamomentIrealizedIhadmadethe（9）Dchoice.EachbreathIexhaledwasafrozenmist.Thewindchillwasbittercold.Thegrasswascoveredin（10）AandItriedtokeepmy（11）Cwhilemydogdraggedmealongbehindhim.Ishivered（打寒颤）andcomplainedabitbutfinallyturnedmy（12）Buptotheheavens.Ilookedupatthepre﹣dawn（13）Aandsawitwasfulloftwinklingstars.Itwassobeautifulandsopeaceful.（14）C，Ifeltawarmthinsideofmeand（15）Dshivering.Whilemydogsniffed（嗅）theground，Iopenedmyhearttothe（16）Dofnature'screation.Inallofitsdifferentseasonsithadnever（17）Atotouchmysoul.Ithadheatedmyheartonthecoldestdaysand（18）Bmyspiritonthedarkestnights.Ourlivesherearefullofvarious（19）Aaswell.Fromtheinnocenceandyouthofspringtothewisdomandwrinklesofwinter，weareallcalledtolive，togive，togrowandtolove.（20）Dallyourseasons.Makeeachdayacreationofyourlove.（1）A．gaveawayB．switchedoffC．turnedonD．cameto（2）A．curiousB．afraidC．ableD．eager（3）A．phoneB．coatC．flashlightD．rope（4）A．nearlyB．technicallyC．usuallyD．probably（5）A．weatherB．conditionC．atmosphereD．custom（6）A．windyB．mildC．coldD．cool（7）A．removedB．packedC．washedD．needed（8）A．focusedonB．decidedonC．insistedonD．triedon（9）A．difficultB．complexC．confusingD．unwise（10）A．frostB．mudC．dustD．water（11）A．patienceB．distanceC．balanceD．strength（12）A．handB．headC．soulD．heart（13）A．skyB．mountainC．moonD．cloud（14）A．GraduallyB．GenerallyC．SuddenlyD．Actually（15）A．avoidedB．regrettedC．appreciatedD．stopped（16）A．challengeB．signalC．realityD．wonder（17）A．failedB．refusedC．intendedD．offered（18）A．freedB．lightedC．renewedD．spotted（19）A．seasonsB．memoriesC．discoveriesD．dreams（20）A．AdmitB．IntroduceC．RememberD．Enjoy【考点】记叙文；自我认识．【答案】（1）﹣（5）CDBBA（6）﹣（10）CDBDA（11）﹣（15）CBACD（16）﹣（20）DABAD【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在一个寒冷的清晨带着狗去散步，当面对大自然的美景时作者学会了感恩和欣赏。【解答】（1）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.gaveaway赠送；B.switchedoff关闭；C.turnedon打开；D.cameto总计，苏醒。句意：我翻了个身，关掉了闹钟。外面还很黑，我摸索着走到墙上的开关前，打开了灯。根据上文"Itwasstilldarkoutside"可知，外面很黑，所以作者是打算开灯。故选C。（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.curious好奇的；B.afraid害怕的；C.able有能力的；D.eager渴望的。句意：我很快就起床了，因为我知道我的狗狗会渴望早上出去散步。根据上文"Igotupquickly"可知，天还很黑，而作者就忙着起床，由此推断，作者的狗很渴望早上出去散步。故选D。（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.phone电话；B.coat大外套；C.flashlight手电筒；D.rope绳索。句意：我伸手去拿一件外套，停了下来。根据下文"Ihadforgottentochecktheweatherreportfortoday，however，soIwasn'tsureifI（7）mylightjacketormyheavycoat."可知，作者是想伸手拿外套。故选B。（4）考查副词及语境理解。A.nearly几乎；B.technically技术上，严格地；C.usually通常；D.probably大概。句意：严格来说，当时仍是秋天，但我家所处的阿巴拉契亚山脉的天气却不符合这个季节。根据下文"butthe（5）hereintheAppalachianMountainsofmyhomedidn'tfollowthecalendar."可知，作者的意思是自家所处的天气与这个季节不符，因此空处指的是从严格意义上说仍是秋天。故选B。（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.weather天气；B.condition条件；C.atmosphere氛围；D.custom习惯。句意：严格来说，当时仍是秋天，但我家所处的阿巴拉契亚山脉的天气却不符合这个季节。根据上文的"autumn"以及下文"Ithadbeen（6）andsnowytwodaysagobutwarmandrainyyesterday."可知，空处指的是天气。故选A。（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.windy有风的；B.mild温和的；C.cold冷的；D.cool凉爽的。句意：两天前天气寒冷，下着雪，而昨天天气暖和，下着雨。根据空后的"snowy"可知，空处与之一致，由此推断，空处指的是天气寒冷。故选C。（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.removed去除；B.packed包装；C.washed洗；D.needed需要。句意：但是我忘了看今天的天气预报，所以我不确定我是需要穿薄外套还是厚外套。根据上文"Ihadforgottentochecktheweatherreportfortoday，however"可知，作者因为没有查看天气预报，所以是不知道是否需要穿薄外套还是厚外套。故选D。（8）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.focusedon专注；B.decidedon就……做出决定；C.insistedon坚持；D.triedon试穿。句意：我决定穿上我的轻便外套，把它穿上，拴上我的狗。根据下文"mylightjacket，pullediton"可知，作者最终选择了轻便外套。故选B。（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.difficult困难的；B.complex复杂的；C.confusing令人困惑的；D.unwise不明智的。句意：就在那一刻，我意识到我做了一个不明智的选择。根据下文"EachbreathIexhaledwasafrozenmist.Thewindchillwasbittercold."可知，外面天气寒冷，而作者选择了轻便外套，由此推断，作者认为自己做了一个不明智的选择。故选D。（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.frost霜；B.mud泥浆；C.dust灰尘；D.water水。句意：草地上覆盖着一层霜，我努力保持平衡，而我的狗拖着跟着他。根据上文"EachbreathIexhaledwasafrozenmist.Thewindchillwasbittercold."可知，外面天气寒冷，由此推断，草地上覆盖着一层霜。故选A。（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.patience耐心；B.distance距离；C.balance平衡；D.strength力气。句意：草地上覆盖着一层霜，我努力保持平衡，而我的狗拖着跟着他。根据下文"mydogdraggedmealongbehindhim."可知，作者的狗在拖着他走，所以作者是在努力保持平衡。故选C。（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.hand手；B.head头；C.soul灵魂；D.heart心。句意：我抬头望着黎明前的天空，看见满天闪烁的星星。根据空后的"totheheavens"可知，作者是抬头看天空。故选B（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.sky天空；B.mountain山；C.moon月亮；D.cloud云。句意：我抬头望着黎明前的天空，看见满天闪烁的星星。根据下文"sawitwasfulloftwinklingstars."可知，作者是看着天空。故选A。（14）考查副词及语境理解。A.Gradually逐渐；B.Generally通常；C.Suddenly突然；D.Actually事实上。句意：突然，我感到体内一阵温暖，停止了颤抖。根据上文"Ishivered（打寒颤）andcomplainedabit"可知，作者一开始感觉寒冷，打寒颤。而下文"Ifeltawarmthinsideofme"可知，下文是作者突然有的感觉。故选C。（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.avoided避免；B.regretted后悔；C.appreciated欣赏，感激；D.stopped停止。句意：突然，我感到体内一阵温暖，停止了颤抖。根据上文"Ifeltawarmthinsideofme"可知，作者是感到了温暖，由此判断，作者是停止了颤抖。故选D。（16）考查名词及语境理解。A.challenge挑战；B.signal信号；C.reality事实；D.wonder奇迹。句意：当我的狗在地上嗅来嗅去时，我敞开心扉，欣赏大自然创造的奇迹。根据上文"Ilookedupatthepre﹣dawn（13）andsawitwasfulloftwinklingstars.Itwassobeautifulandsopeaceful."可知，作者看见了满天闪烁的星星是如此美丽和平静，推断出作者认为这是大自然的奇迹。故选D。（17）考查动词及语境理解。A.failed失败；B.refused拒绝；C.intended打算；D.offered提供。句意：在它所有不同的季节里，它从来没有不触动我的灵魂。根据下文"Ithadheatedmyheartonthecoldestdaysand（18）myspiritonthedarkestnights."可知，在最严寒的冬天自然的魅力会温暖我的心，在最深的黑夜里它也会鼓舞作者的心绪，说明自然的魅力触动作者的心灵。故选A。（18）考查动词及语境理解。A.freed释放；B.lighted点燃；C.renewed重新开始；D.spotted注意到。句意：它在最寒冷的日子里温暖了我的心，在最黑暗的夜晚照亮了我的灵魂。根据"Ithadheatedmyheartonthecoldestdays"可知，自然的魅力在最寒冷的冬天会温暖我的心，推断出它在黑暗的夜晚起到的作用就是照亮作者的精神。故选B。（19）考查名词及语境理解。A.seasons季节；B.memories记忆；C.discoveries发现；D.dreams梦想。句意：我们在这里的生活也充满了不同的季节。空处为原词重现，根据上文"Inallofitsdifferentseasonsithadnever（17）totouchmysoul."可知，作者认为生活中充满了甜蜜的季节。故选A。（20）考查动词及语境理解。A.Admit承认；B.Introduce介绍；C.Remember记得；D.Enjoy享受。句意：享受你所有的季节。根据下文"Makeeachdayacreationofyourlove."可推断，作者希望大家去享受生命中的每一天。故选D。【点评】完形填空题的解题步骤：1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。二．阅读理解（共4小题）2．（2024春•泸州期末）Asforsuspension（悬索桥）bridges，thelengthofthemainspan（跨度）isthemostcommonmethodofcomparingtheirsizesandgreatness.Thislistcoverssomelongestmainspansofsuspensionbridgesaroundtheworld，notlongesttotallengths，asthosemaincentralspansaretheplacestherealengineeringmagichappensin.GreatBeltBridge，DenmarkTheGreatBeltBridgeconnectstheDanishislandsZealandandFunen.Ithasatotallengthof6，790metersandamaincentralspanof1，624meters，makingittheworld'ssixthlongestmainspan﹣fornow.1915CanakkaleBridge，TurkeyThe1915CanakkaleBridge，openedbyPresidentRecepTayyipErdoğanon18March2022afterfiveyearsofconstruction，isasymbolofnationalpride.Theyear"1915"intheofficialTurkishnamehonoursanimportantvictoryagainstthenaviesoftheUnitedKingdomandFranceduringWorldWarI.Officially，itisthelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworldwithamainspanof2，023meters.AkashiKaikyoBridge，JapanTheAkashiKaikyoBridgelinksthecityofKobeontheJapaneseislandofHonshutoIwayaonAwajiIsland.ItcrossesthebusyandturbulentAkashiStrait.Itwascompletedin1998，andatthetime，wasthelongestcentralspanat1，991metres，andcurrentlyitisjustbehindthe1915CanakkaleBridge.Thebridgewasspeciallydesigned，allowingthestructuretowithstandwindsof286kilometresperhour，earthquakesmeasuringupomagnitude8.5，andharshseacurrents.YangsigangYangtzeRiverBridge，ChinaTheYangsigangYang