上肢骨幻灯片

2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨上

肢

骨

2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Bonesofupperlimb上肢骨

Shouldgirdle

上肢带骨Clavicle锁骨Scapula肩胛骨Bonesoffreeupperlimb

自由上肢骨Arm:humerus肱骨ForearmRadius桡骨

Ulna尺骨

BonesofhandCarpalbones腕骨Metacarpalbones掌骨Phalangesoffingers指骨2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨

Clavicle锁骨“S”shaped,medial2/3convexforwardandlateral1/3convexbackwardSternalend胸骨端

(medially)Acromialend肩峰端

(laterally)2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Scapula

肩胛骨ThreebordersSuperior:coracoidprocess喙突

scapularnotch肩胛切迹Lateral(axillary)border腋缘Medial(vertebral)border脊柱缘ThreeanglesSuperior:oppositetothe2ndribInferior:oppositetothe7thribor7thintercostalsspaceLateral:glenoidcavity关节盂

supra-andinfraglenoidtubercles盂上、下结节TwosurfacesAnteriorsurfaceconcave:subscapularfossa肩胛下窝Posteriorsurface:spineofscapula肩胛冈acromion肩峰supra-andinfraspinousfossae冈上、下窝2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨

Humerus肱骨Upperend:

Headofhumerus

肱骨头Anatomicalneck

解剖颈Greatertubercle

大结节Lessertubercle

小结节Crestofgreatertubercle

大结节嵴Crestoflessertubercle

小结节嵴Intertuberculargroove

结节间沟Surgicalneck

外科颈2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Humerus肱骨Shaft:

Deltoidtuberosity

(onlateralsurface)

三角肌粗隆

Grooveforradialnerve

(onposteriorsurface)桡神经沟2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Humerus肱骨Lowerend:

Lateralepicondyle外上髁Medialepicondyle内上髁Capitulum肱骨小头Trochlea肱骨滑车Coranoidfossa冠突窝(anteriorly)Radialfossa桡窝

(anteriorly)Olecranonfossa鹰嘴窝

(posteriorly)Sulcusforulnarnerve尺神经沟2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Radius桡骨Upperend:

headofradius

桡骨头neckofradius

桡骨颈radialtuberosity

桡骨粗隆articularcircumference环状关节面Shaft：interosseousborder

骨间缘Lowerend:styloidprocess(laterally)

桡骨茎突ulnarnotch

(medially)尺切迹carpalarticularsurface

(inferiorly)腕关节面2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Ulnar尺骨Upperend:

Olecranon鹰嘴

coronoidprocess冠突

trochlearnotch滑车切迹

radialnotch桡切迹ulnartubersity尺骨粗隆

Lowerend

styloidprocess尺骨茎突headofulna尺骨头2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Anteroposteriorradiographoftheforearmofagirlaged112.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Colles’fractureNormally,theradialstyloidprocessprojectsfurtherdistallythantheulnarstyloidprocess.Consequently,whenfracturewithinthedistal2cmoftheradius(Colles’fracture)occurs,thisrelationshipisreversedbecauseofshorteningoftheradius.2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Carpalbones腕骨

Proximalrow―(lateraltomedial)Scaphoid手舟骨Lunate

月骨Triquetral三角骨

Pisiform

豌豆骨Distalrow―(lateraltomedial)Trapezium

大多角骨Trapezoid小多角骨Capitate

头状骨

Hamate

钩骨2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Carpalbones腕骨P.S.L.Tq.Tm.Td.C.H.记忆口诀：舟、月、三角、豆scaphoid,lunate,triquetralandpisiform

大、小多角、头状、钩trapezium,trapezoid,capitateandhamate2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Metacarpalbones掌骨

NumberedonetofivefromthumbtolittlefingerStructureofeachbase(proximally)Shafthead(distally)2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Phalangesoffingers指骨Consistof14―twoforfirstdigit(thumb)andthreeforeachofotherfourdigitsStructureofeachbase(proximally)Shafttrochleaofphalanx(distally)tuberosityofdistalphalanx远节指骨粗隆2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨BonesofLowerLimb下肢骨

Pelvicgirdle:hipbone

髋骨Bonesoffreelowerlimb:ThighFemur股骨

Patella髌骨

LegTibia胫骨

Fibula腓骨FootTarsalbones跗骨Metatarsalbones跖骨Phalangesoftoes趾骨2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨

Hipbone髋骨

ConsistingofthreefusedbonesIlium髂骨Ischium坐骨Pubis耻骨Acetabulum髋臼Formedbybodiesofilium,ischiumandpubisLunatesurface月状面Acetabularfossa髋臼窝Acetabularnotch髋臼切迹2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Ilium髂骨Bodyofilium

髂骨体

Alaofilium

髂骨翼Iliaccrest

髂嵴Anteriorsuperioriliacspine

髂前上棘

Anteriorinferioriliacspine

髂前下棘Tubercleofiliaccrest

髂结节Posteriorsuperioriliacspine

髂后上棘Posteriorinferioriliacspine

髂后下棘Greatersciaticnotch

坐骨大切迹Glutealsurface

臀面Iliacfossa

髂窝Arcuateline

弓状线Auricularsurface

耳状面Iliactuberosity

髂粗隆2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Animaginarylinejoiningthehighestpointontheiliaccrestsoverthefourthlumbarspine.2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Ischium坐骨

Bodyofischium坐骨体Ischialspine坐骨棘Lessersciaticnotch坐骨小切迹Ramusofischium坐骨支ischialtuberosity坐骨结节2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Pubis

耻骨

Bodyofpubis耻骨体Iliopubiceminence

髂耻隆起Superiorramusofpubis耻骨上支pectenofpubis耻骨梳pubictubercle耻骨结节pubiccrest耻骨嵴symphysialsurface耻骨联合面Inferiorramusofpubis耻骨下支Obturatorforamen闭孔2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨

Femur股骨UpperendFemoralhead股骨头Foveaoffemoralhead股骨头凹Neckoffemur股骨颈Greatertrochanter大转子Lessertrochanter小转子Intertrochantericline转子间线Intertrochantericcrest转子间嵴2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Fractureofthefemoralneck2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨

Femur股骨Shaft:

Lineaaspera粗线Glutealtuberosity臀肌粗隆Pectinealline耻骨肌线

Poplitealsurface腘面2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨

Femur股骨Lowerend:Medialcondyle内侧髁Lateralcondyle外侧髁Medialepicondyle内上髁Lateralepicondyle外上髁Adductortubercle收肌结节Intercondylarfossa髁间窝Patellarsurface髌面2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Tibia

胫骨Upperend:

Medial

condyle内侧髁lateralcondyles外侧髁Intercondylareminence髁间隆起fibulararticularsurface腓关节面tuberosityoftibia胫骨粗隆

ShaftInterosseousborder骨间缘

Solealline比目鱼肌线Lowerend:Fibularnotch腓切迹Medialmalleolus内踝2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨

Fibula腓骨Upperend:fibularhead

腓骨头

neckoffibula腓骨颈Shaft:

interosseousborder骨间缘Lowerend:

lateralmalleolus外踝2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Patella髌骨triangularsesamoidbone2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Tarsalbones

跗骨ConsistofsevenshortbonesarrangedinthreerowPosteriorrow

talus距骨calcaneus跟骨Intermedi