2025届高考英语复习专项训练：阅读理解+读后续写 练习（附答案）

2025届高考英语复习：历年优质真题、模拟题专项（阅读理解+读后续写）练习

I.阅读理解

A

2022•全国乙

说明文300词★★★★☆

卷

TheGovernmenfssugartaxonsoftdrinkshasbroughtinhalfasmuchmoneyas

Ministersfirstpredicteditwouldgenerate,thefirstofficialdataonthepolicyhas

shown.

FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontaining

morethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity（肥

胖）.Itisbelievedthattoday'schildrenandteenagersareconsumingthreetimesthe

recommendedlevelofsugar,puttingthematahigherriskofthedisease.

Initiallythesugartaxwasexpectedtomake£520mayearfortheTreasury.

However,dataofthefirstsixmonthsshoweditwouldmakelessthanhalfthisamount.

Atpresentitisexpectedtogenerate£240mfortheyearendinginApril2019,which

willgotoschoolsports.

Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugar

levelscutbymanufacturers（制造商）sotheycanavoidpayingthetax.Drinksnow

contain45millionfewerkilosofsugarasaresultofmanufacturers1effortstoavoid

thecharge,accordingtoTreasuryfigures.SinceAprildrinkscompanieshavebeen

forcedtopaybetween18pand24pforeverylitreofsugarydrinktheyproduceor

import,dependingonthesugarcontent.

However,somehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCocaCola,haveacceptedthe

sugartaxandarerefusingtochangeforfearofupsettingconsumers.Fruitjuices,

milk-baseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetax,asaresmall

companiesmanufacturingfewerthanImlitresperyear.

Today'sfigures,accordingtoonegovernmentofficial,showthepositive

influencethesugartaxishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilities（设

施）andhealthiereatinginschools.Helpingthenextgenerationtohaveahealthyand

activechildhoodisofgreatimportance,andtheindustryisplayingitspart.

1.Whywasthesugartaxintroduced?

A.Tocollectmoneyforschools.

B.Toimprovethequalityofdrinks.

C-Toprotectchildren'shealth.

D.Toencourageresearchineducation.

2.Howdidsomedrinkscompaniesrespondtothesugartax?

A.Theyturnedtooverseasmarkets.

B・Theyraisedthepricesoftheirproducts.

C・Theycutdownontheirproduction.

D.Thereducedtheirproducts1sugarcontent.

3.Fromwhichofthefollowingisthesugartaxcollected?

A.Mostalcoholicdrinks.

B.Milk-baseddrinks.

C.Fruitjuices.

D.ClassicCoke.

4.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheadoptionofthesugartaxpolicy?

A.Itisashort-sighteddecision.

B.Itisasuccessstory.

C-Itbenefitsmanufacturers.

D-Itupsetscustomers.

B

2022•全国乙

说明文307词★★★★☆

卷

Canasmallgroupofdrones（无人机）guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityof

railwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?

Thatistheverylikelyfutureofapplyingtoday's"eyesinthesky“technologyto

makingsurethatthemillionsofkilometresofrailtracksandinfrastructure（基石出设施）

worldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7basis.

Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tensionelectricallines.They

coulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsof

railinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.

Themoreregularlytheycanbeinspected,themorerailwaysafety,reliabilityand

on-timeperformancewillbeimproved.Costswouldbecutandoperationswouldbe

moreefficient（高效）acrosstheboard.

Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailway

personnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20

billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaffsoftenat

night,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthat

couldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrews'efforts.

Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-value

servicesforrailways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseany

safetyproblems.Toperformthesetasks,dronesforraildon'tneedtobeflying

overhead.Engineersarenowworkingonanewconcept:theraildronesofthefuture.

Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,andprogrammedtorun

autonomously.VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravellingahead

ofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycould

signalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.

5.Whatmakestheapplicationofdronestoraillinespossible?

A.Theuseofdronesincheckingonpowerlines.

B.Drones*abilitytoworkathighaltitudes.

C.Thereductionofcostindesigningdrones.

D.Drones1reliableperformanceinremoteareas.

6.Whatdoes"maintenance“underlinedinParagraph3referto?

A.Personnelsafety.

B.Assistancefromdrones.

C・Inspectionandrepair.

D.Constructionofinfrastructure.

7.Whatfunctionisexpectedoftheraildrones?

A.Toprovideearlywarning.

B.Tomaketrainsrunautomatically.

C.Toearnprofitsforthecrews.

D.Toacceleratetransportation.

8.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.WhatFaultsCanBeDetectedwithDrones

B.HowProductionofDronesCanBeExpanded

C.WhatDifficultyDroneDevelopmentWillFace

D.HowDronesWillChangetheFutureofRailways

n.读后续写

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整

的短文。

[2024•湖北武汉部分学校调研]

AHeartyWelcome

Chasecountedhisnewyeargiftsonemoretimeasheputarobot-shapederaser

intoeachenvelope.uTwenty,twenty-one,twenty-two.??

^Doyouhaveoneforeveryoneinyourclass?”Momasked.

“Yep!"Chasesaid."Pmreadyforthepartytomorrow!”

WhenChasegottoschoolthenextday,hesawanewgirlinhisclassroom.She

stoodnearMs.Robinsandlookedaroundshyly.

“ThisisEva,“saidMs.Robins."Willsomeonevolunteertoshowher

aroundtoday?”Chaseraisedhishandsincehelikedshowingthenewkidsaround

andhelpingthemfeelwelcome.

“Thanks,Chase,"Ms.Robinssaid."Nowlefsgetdowntoourwork."

ThafswhenChaserealizedhedidn'thaveanewyeargiftforEva.Nooneelse

wouldhaveoneeither.Chasepicturedhisclassmates1deskscoveredwithgiftswhile

Eva'sdeskwasempty.Hefeltsadaboutthat.

Atbreak,hewascarefulnottomentionthepartyasheshowedEvaaroundthe

playground.Atlunchtime,hewalkedEvatothelunchroom,stillworriedaboutwhat

wouldhappenattheparty.Evahadbroughtapackedlunch,soChaseshowedher

whereshewassupposedtositandintroducedhertosomeofthekidsathertable.

Whileeating,Chasesuddenlyrememberedthatkidsoftenincludedcandy

heartswiththenewyeargiftstheyexchanged.Thiswon'tbeNewYear'sDayforEva

withnogifts.Butashesatdownathistable,anideafloodedintohishead.He

whisperedittothekidsaroundhim.Sooneveryoneatthetablewasnoddingand

whispering.

Whentheywerebackintheclassroomafterlunch,ChasetoldMs.Robinsabout

theirplan.Ms.Robinssmiled."That'sverythoughtful,??shesaid."Let'sgofor

it”

Itwasmathtime,soChaseinvitedEvatostudywithhim.HemadesureEvasat

withherbacktotheroomsoshewouldn'tnotice.

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式作答。

Meanwhile,hernewclassmateswerebusyworkingonsomething.

“Here'syournewyeargift,Eva.Ifsfromeveryone,“Chasesaid.

参考答案

I.阅读理解

A

2022•全国乙

说明文300词★★★★☆

卷

TheGovernmenfssugartaxonsoftdrinkshasbroughtinhalfasmuchmoneyas

Ministersfirstpredicteditwouldgenerate,thefirstofficialdataonthepolicyhas

shown.

FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontaining

morethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity（肥

胖）.Itisbelievedthattoday'schildrenandteenagersareconsumingthreetimesthe

recommendedlevelofsugar,puttingthematahigherriskofthedisease.

Initiallythesugartaxwasexpectedtomake£520mayearfortheTreasury.

However,dataofthefirstsixmonthsshoweditwouldmakelessthanhalfthisamount.

Atpresentitisexpectedtogenerate£240mfortheyearendinginApril2019,which

willgotoschoolsports.

Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugar

levelscutbymanufacturers（制造商）sotheycanavoidpayingthetax.Drinksnow

contain45millionfewerkilosofsugarasaresultofmanufacturers*effortstoavoid

thecharge,accordingtoTreasuryfigures.SinceAprildrinkscompanieshavebeen

forcedtopaybetween18pand24pforeverylitreofsugarydrinktheyproduceor

import,dependingonthesugarcontent.

However,somehighsugarbrands,likeClassicCocaCola,haveacceptedthe

sugartaxandarerefusingtochangeforfearofupsettingconsumers.Fruitjuices,

milk-baseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetax,asaresmall

companiesmanufacturingfewerthanImlitresperyear.

Today!sfigures,accordingtoonegovernmentofficial,showthepositive

influencethesugartaxishavingbyraisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilities（设

施）andhealthiereatinginschools.Helpingthenextgenerationtohaveahealthyand

activechildhoodisofgreatimportance,andtheindustryisplayingitspart.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国政府对软饮料征收

的糖税来解决儿童以及青少年的健康问题，同时该收入用于学校体育。

1.Whywasthesugartaxintroduced?

A.Tocollectmoneyforschools.

B.Toimprovethequalityofdrinks.

C.Toprotectchildren'shealth.

D.Toencourageresearchineducation.

答案解析：C细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“FirstannouncedinApril,

2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,

wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity.（该税于2016年4月首次宣布，适

用于每100毫升含糖超过5g的软饮料，旨在帮助减少儿童肥胖）”可知，征收糖

税的目的是帮助儿童减少肥胖，保护儿童健康。故选C项。

2.Howdidsomedrinkscompaniesrespondtothesugartax?

A.Theyturnedtooverseasmarkets.

B.Theyraisedthepricesoftheirproducts.

C・Theycutdownontheirproduction.

D-Thereducedtheirproducts1sugarcontent.

答案解析:D细节理解题。根据第四段中的aItcomesaftermorethanhalfof

softdrinkssoldinshopshavehadtheirsugarlevelscutbymanufacturerssotheycan

avoidpayingthetax.（此前，制造商已经降低了商店中销售的超过一半的软饮料的

含糖量，以避免纳税）”可知，一些饮料公司通过降低了产品的含糖量来避税。

故选D项。

3.Fromwhichofthefollowingisthesugartaxcollected?

A.Mostalcoholicdrinks.

B.Milk-baseddrinks.

C.Fruitjuices.

D.ClassicCoke.

答案解析：D细节理解题。根据第五段中的“However,somehighsugar

brands,likeClassicCocaCola,haveacceptedthesugartaxandarerefusingtochange

forfearofupsettingconsumers.Fruitjuices,milk-baseddrinksandmostalcoholic

drinksarefreeofthetax,asaresmallcompaniesmanufacturingfewerthanImlitres

peryear.（然而，一些高糖品牌，如经典可口可乐，已经接受了糖税，并拒绝改变，

因为担心会惹恼消费者。果汁、以牛奶为原料的饮料和大多数酒精饮料是免税的，

每年生产不到100万升的小公司也是免税的）”可知，糖税主要来自经典可口可

乐这些高糖品牌。故选D项。

4.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheadoptionofthesugartaxpolicy?

A.Itisashort-sighteddecision.

B.Itisasuccessstory.

C-Itbenefitsmanufacturers.

D.Itupsetscustomers.

答案解析：B推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Todaysfigures,according

toonegovernmentofficial,showthepositiveinfluencethesugartaxishavingby

raisingmillionsofpoundsforsportsfacilitiesandhealthiereatinginschools.（根据一

位政府官员的说法，今天的数据显示了糖税的积极影响，它为学校的体育设施和

健康饮食筹集了数百万英镑）”可推断，糖税政策的实施是一个成功的政策。故

选B项。

B

2022•全国乙

说明文307词★★★★☆

卷

Canasmallgroupofdrones（无人机）guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityof

railwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?

Thatistheverylikelyfutureofapplyingtoday's"eyesinthesky“technologyto

makingsurethatthemillionsofkilometresofrailtracksandinfrastructure（基石出设施）

worldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7basis.

Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tensionelectricallines.They

coulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsof

railinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.

Themoreregularlytheycanbeinspected,themorerailwaysafety,reliabilityand

on-timeperformancewillbeimproved.Costswouldbecutandoperationswouldbe

moreefficient（高效）acrosstheboard.

Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailway

personnelsafety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20

billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenat

night,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthat

couldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrews'efforts.

Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-value

servicesforrailways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseany

safetyproblems.Toperformthesetasks,dronesforraildon'tneedtobeflying

overhead.Engineersarenowworkingonanewconcept:theraildronesofthefuture.

Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,andprogrammedtorun

autonomously.VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIandtravellingahead

ofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycould

signalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。应用今天的“空中之眼”的技术，无人

机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时又能帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元。

5.Whatmakestheapplicationofdronestoraillinespossible?

A.Theuseofdronesincheckingonpowerlines.

B.Drones1abilitytoworkathighaltitudes.

C.Thereductionofcostindesigningdrones.

D.Drones*reliableperformanceinremoteareas.

答案解析：A推理判断题。根据文章第二段"Dronesarealreadybeingused

toexaminehigh-tensionelectricallines.Theycoulddopreciselythesamethingto

inspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchasthecorrect

positionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.（无人机已经被用于检查高压电线。

他们完全可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线路和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面，如

铁路轨道和换乘点的正确位置）”可推知，无人机在高空工作的能力使无人机应

用于铁路线路成为可能。故选A。

6.Whatdoes“maintenance“underlinedinParagraph3referto?

A.Personnelsafety.

B.Assistancefromdrones.

C・Inspectionandrepair.

D.Constructionofinfrastructure.

答案解析:C词义猜测题。根据后文aItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailways

alonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsending

maintenancestaffsoftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure.（据统计，

仅欧洲铁路公司每年在铁路维护上的花费就约为200亿欧元，其中包括经常在夜

间派遣维修人员检查和维修铁路基础设施）”可知花在maintenance上的费用是

用于ainspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure（检查和维修铁路基础设施）”，由此

可知"Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionof

railwaypersonnelsafety”是指大幅节省检修成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全，划

线词和C项：Inspectionandrepair（检修）含义相近。故选C。

7.Whatfunctionisexpectedoftheraildrones?

A.Toprovideearlywarning.

B.Tomaketrainsrunautomatically.

C.Toearnprofitsforthecrews.

D.Toacceleratetransportation.

答案解析：A推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Verysmalldroneswith

advancedsensorsandAIandtravellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.

Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast-moving

trainswouldbeabletoreactintime.（带有先进传感器和人工智能的非常小的无人

机可以像副驾驶一样在火车前面行驶。凭借他们的预见能力，他们可以发出任

何问题的信号，以便快速行驶的火车能够及时做出反应。）”可知对于无人机期

待的功能是提前发现问题做出预警。故选A。

8.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.WhatFaultsCanBeDetectedwithDrones

B-HowProductionofDronesCanBeExpanded

C.WhatDifficultyDroneDevelopmentWillFace

D.HowDronesWillChangetheFutureofRailways

答案解析：D主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段“Canasmallgroupof

drones（无人机）guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,

helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?Thatistheverylikelyfuture

ofapplyingtoday's'eyesinthesky5technologytomakingsurethatthemillionsof

kilometersofrailtracksandinfrastructure（基础设施）worldwidearesafefortrainson

a24/7basis.（一小群无人机能否在保证铁路安全可靠的同时，帮助铁路运营商每

年节省数十亿欧元？这很可能是应用今天的‘空中之眼’技术的未来，以确保全

球数百万公里的铁路轨道和基础设施全天候安全运行。）”以及后文第二段讲到

了使用无人机检查电力线路使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能；第三段讲到了使

用无人机大幅节省维护成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全；第四段讲到了通过使用

最新的技术，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高的价值，可知文章主要讲述了无

人机将如何改变铁路的未来，所以D项“无人机将如何改变铁路的未来。”符合

文章中心思想，适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。

n.读后续写

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整

的短文。

[2024•湖北武汉部分学校调研]

AHeartyWelcome

Chasecountedhisnewyeargiftsonemoretimeasheputarobot-shapederaser

intoeachenvelope."Twenty,twenty-one,twenty-two.??

^Doyouhaveoneforeveryoneinyourclass?”Momasked.

“Yep!"Chasesaid."Pmreadyforthepartytomorrow!”

WhenChasegottoschoolthenextday,hesawanewgirlinhisclassroom.She

stoodnearMs.Robinsandlookedaroundshyly.

“ThisisEva,“saidMs.Robins."Willsomeonevolunteertoshowher

aroundtoday?”Chaseraisedhishandsincehelikedshowingthenewkidsaround

andhelpingthemfeelwelcome.

“Thanks,Chase,"Ms.Robinssaid.uNowlefsgetdowntoourwork."

ThafswhenChaserealizedhedidn!thaveanewyeargiftforEva.Nooneelse

wouldhaveoneeither.Chasepicturedhisclassmates1deskscoveredwithgiftswhile

Eva'sdeskwasempty.Hefeltsadaboutthat.

Atbreak,hewascarefulnottomentionthepartyasheshowedEvaaroundthe

playground.Atlunchtime,hewalkedEvatothelunchroom,stillworriedaboutwhat

wouldhappenattheparty.Evahadbroughtapackedlunch,soChaseshowedher

whereshewassupposedtositandintroducedhertosomeofthekidsathertable.

Whileeating,Chasesuddenlyrememberedthatkidsoftenincludedcandy

heartswiththenewyeargiftstheyexchanged.Thiswon'tbeNewYear'sDayforEva

withnogifts.Butashesatdownathistable,anideafloodedintohishead.He

whisperedittothekidsaroundhim.Sooneveryoneatthetablewasnoddingand

whispering.

Whentheywerebackintheclassroomafterlunch,ChasetoldMs.Robinsabout

theirplan.Ms.Robinssmiled."That'sverythoughtful,??shesaid."Let'sgofor

it.”

Itwasmathtime,soChaseinvitedEvatostudywithhim.HemadesureEvasat

withherbacktotheroomsoshewouldn'tnotice.

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式作答。

Meanwhile,hernewclassmateswerebusyworkingonsomething.

“Here'syournewyeargift,Eva.It'sfromeveryone,“Chas