2022高考英语一轮复习Module1DeepSouth学案选修8

Module1DeepSouth一、背单词与词块(一)背阅读单词——会认就行(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)1．polaradj. 极地的2．Antarctican. 南极洲3．rainfalln. 降水量；降雨量4．gravityn. 重力，地心引力5．mercialadj. 商业的6．intenseadj. 强烈的7．sunburntadj. 晒伤的8．minusprep. 零下的(二)背重点单词——写对才行1．staten. 状态；状况2．flowerv. 开花3．adaptv. (使)适应4．balancev. 使平衡5．testn. 试验6．trapv. 使陷入困境7．voyagen. (乘船的)旅行，航行8．glaren. 刺眼的光9．eyesightn. 视力；目力10．pureadj. 干净的；不含有害物质的11．sunrisen. 日出12．sunsetn. 日落13．platformn. 平台14．stockv. 储存，储备15．emergencyn. 紧急情况；突发事情16．privilegen. 荣幸17．talen. 传说；故事(三)背拓展单词——用准才行1．explorev．探索；探讨；探究；勘探→explorern．探险者→explorationn．探索；探究；探测；勘查2．annualadj.每年的→annuallyadv.一年一次地3．deepadj.深的adv.深深地→depthn．深度→deeplyadv.强烈地；深刻地→deepenv．加深；深化4．extremeadj.极端的，极度的→extremelyadv.极端；极其5．ceremonyn．仪式→ceremonialadj.仪式性的；正式的6．promotevt.促进，增进，提升→promotionn．促进；提升7．severeadj.艰难的，艰巨的→severelyadv.艰难地，严重地8．normaladj.正常的→abnormaladj.不正常的，反常的9．absentadj.缺席的；不在的→absencen．缺乏；没有10．depressv．使沮丧；使萧条→depressingadj.令人沮丧的；令人抑郁的→depressedadj.沮丧的；萧条的→depressionn．沮丧；不景气，萧条(期)11．couragen．勇气→discouragev．阻止；打消……的念头；使泄气→discouragingadj.令人泄气的→discouragedadj.泄气的；灰心的→encouragev．鼓励12．relyv．依靠；信赖→reliabilityn．可靠性→reliableadj.可信赖的13．inspirev．鼓舞；激励→inspirationn．鼓舞；启示；灵感→inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的[语境活用]1．Thebestwaytoexplorethecountrysideisonfoot.Theexplorationfornatureisgoodforourmoodsomoreexplorersarewalkingintothecountrytogainmoreknowledge.(explore)2．Iwasdeeplymovedbyhissincereencouragement,whichreallydeepenedourrelationship.Ibravelydivedintothedeepwatertomeasurethedepthofthelake.(deep)3．Weareworkingunderextremepressureatthemomentsowefeelextremelystressed.(extreme)4．Iwasabsentfromworkyesterday.Thedecisionwasmadeinmyabsence.(absent)(四)背高频单词——先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行1．trapv．储存，留存；使困住；使陷入圈套；使陷入困境n.陷阱；圈套背词条用法(1)trapsb.into(doing)sth.诱骗某人(做)某事be/gettrappedin被困在……中，陷入困境(2)fallintothetrap(ofdoingsth.)陷入(做某事的)困境背写作佳句①IwastrappedintotellingthecheatallIknew.我中计了，把所知道的一切全都告诉了那个骗子。②Theliftbrokedownandweweretrappedinit.电梯出故障了，我们被困在里面出不来。③Somecollegestudentsfallintothetrapoftakingoutaloantheycannotafford.一些大学生陷入了还不起贷款的困境。2．promotev．促进，增进；晋升；提升；宣传，推销背词条用法promotesb.(fromsth.)tosth.把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位promotesth.to...把某物推销给……背写作佳句①WeaimtopromoteanunderstandingofthecultureofChina.我们旨在增进对中国文化的理解。②Toourdelight,ourmotherhasbeenpromotedtomanager.令我们高兴的是，我们的母亲被提升为经理了。③Wehavetothinkupnewwaystopromoteourproductstothelocalpeople.我们必须想出新法把我们的产品推销给当地人。(五)背短语词块——表达出彩，需多积词块才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)单元短语再认再现1．incaseof 如果；假使2．breakup 碎开；解体；分开3．onaverage 平均4．inchargeof 负责；掌管5．eupwith 想出；提出6．adapt(to) (使)适应7．befondof 喜欢8．intheformof 以……的形式9．standout 引人注目，突出，显眼10．setfooton 进入，到达；踏上eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重点短语拓展用活1．standout引人注目；突出；显眼；杰出背相关短语standby站在旁边；袖手旁观；支持；位于standfor代表；主张；象征；表示；忍受standup站起来；(论点、证据等)站得住脚；经得起(常与to连用)standupfor支持；维护(权利)背写作佳句①Hergradestandsoutamongthestudentssosheisoftenpraisedbytheteacher.她的成绩在学生中很突出，所以经常受到老师的表扬。②I’llstandbyyou,whateverhappens.无论发生任何事情，我都支持你。2．incaseof如果；假使；万一背相关短语incase假使；以防万一inanycase无论如何，不管怎样innocase决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)inthis/thatcase假使这样/那样的话asisoftenthecase这是常有的事背写作佳句①Weshouldkeepatorchandbatteriesincaseofpowercuts.我们应该备好手电和电池以防万一断电。②Incaseyouneedsomething,pleasedon’thesitatetoletmeknow.如果你需要什么东西，请不客气地对我说。③Hemaynotbebackatsix.Inthiscasewewon’twaitforhim.他可能六点钟回不来。要是这样，我们就不等他了。二、背佳句与佳作(一)背写作佳句——多“输入”才能巧“输出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材内句式举一反三1．Notuntilthelate18thcenturydidtheBritishexplorerJamesCookcrosstheAntarcticCircle,butheneversawland.(notuntil置于句首，句子用部分倒装)直到18世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯·库克才穿越了南极圈，但他却从未发现任何陆地。佳句①(2018·北京高考书面表达)Althoughthetraditionofdrinkingteadatesbackto3,000BCinChina,notuntilthemid­17thcenturyintheUKdidtheconceptof“afternoontea”appear.虽然饮茶的传统可以追溯到公元前3000年，但直到17世纪中叶，英国才出现了“下午茶”的概念。佳句②Notuntiltherainstoppeddidweleavetherestaurant.直到雨停了我们才离开餐馆。2．Thenin1895,aNorwegiancalledCarstensBorchgrevinkbecamethefirstmantosetfootontheAntarcticmainland.(the＋序数词＋n.＋动词不定式作后置定语)后来到了1895年，一个叫卡斯腾·博克格雷温克的挪威人成为第一个踏上南极大陆的人。佳句①(2018·浙江高考写作)IcanspeakfluentEnglishandIamthefirststudentinmyclasstogoabroadtostudyEnglishfurther.我英语流利，是我们班第一个出国进修英语的人。佳句②Iwanttobethefirstpersontoliveonthemoon.我想成为第一个居住在月球的人。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主题佳句熟读成诵1．AntarcticaisthecontinentwhichisthemostsouthernareaoflandontheEarthandismostlycoveredwithice.南极洲是地球上最南面的大陆，大部分被冰覆盖着。2．Morepeopleareweletoehereforfurtherstudyofthecontinent!欢迎更多人来探索这个大陆！(二)背满分作文——好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”本辑学点——叙事记叙文(一)[题目要求](2020·全国卷Ⅱ)上周末，你和同学参加了一次采摘活动。请你为班级英语角写一篇短文，介绍这次活动，内容包括：1．农场情况；2.采摘过程；3.个人感受。注意：1.词数100左右；2．题目已为你写好。MyWeekend[背范文]MyWeekendLastweekend,myclassmatesandIwenttoafarmwherewetookpartinameaningfulpickingactivity.Uponarrivingthere,weweregivenawarmwelebythefarmworkers.Thefarmcovers30squarekilometers,onwhichvarietiesofproductsaregrownbyseason.Aroundthefarmstandmanytreessoastopreventstrongwindsandprovideshelter.Themostinterestingpartwasthatwepickedmanyripevegetablesandfruits,suchastomatoes,watermelonsandpeas,duringwhichweenjoyedtastyfruitsandlearnedmanyinterestingstoriesaboutthefarmandworkers.Whatwehadlearnedfromthisactivitycannotbetaughtinaclassroom,sopersonallyspeaking,studentsshouldberegularlyscheduledwithcolorfulandfruitfulactivities.[学亮点]1．学亮丽开头开头运用一个陈述句交代了故事发生的时间、地点、人物、事件，且句子运用定语从句进行整合衔接，使句子非常紧凑、合理。2．学高级表达(1)使用高级词汇和语块，如：ameaningfulpickingactivity,cover,varietiesof,soasto,personallyspeaking等。(2)熟练使用高级句式，如：定语从句wherewetookpartinameaningfulpickingactivity和onwhichvarietiesofproductsaregrownbyseason；“介词upon＋分词”结构Uponarrivingthere；倒装句Aroundthefarmstandmanytrees...；表语从句thatwepickedmanyripevegetablesandfruits；非限制性定语从句duringwhichweenjoyedtastyfruitsandlearned...；主语从句Whatwehadlearnedfromthisactivity等，增加了文章的亮点。3．学精彩结尾结尾使用cannotbetaughtinaclassroom强调了参加活动的意义，接着，使用personallyspeaking衔接上文，发表了自己的建议。4．学过渡衔接考生使用了upon,so等衔接词使文章富有条理性，语意连贯，上下文衔接自然。5．防微点失分考生容易把“Thefarmcovers30squarekilometers,onwhichvarietiesofproductsaregrownbyseason.”中的介词on误用成in，或把“Whatwehadlearnedfromthisactivitycannotbetaughtinaclassroom...”中的taught误写成teached，从而导致失分。学案(一)重点单词的查漏补缺——打牢必备知识[全面练——练清易错微点]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Therosesthatyouplantintheautumnshouldflower(开花)thefollowingspring.2．Shebalanced(使平衡)ahugepoteffortlesslyonherheadandwalkeddowntotheriver.3．Somefamousfilmstarstookpartinthemercial(商业的)activity.4．Thevoyage(航行)fromEnglandtoIndiausedtotakesixmonths.5．Hesuddenlyfeltanintense(强烈的)paininhisbackwhenhebentdown.6．Themountainairwaswonderfullypure(干净的)sothatvisitorswishedtoliveinthemountainforever.Ⅱ.根据语境写出加蓝部分的汉语意思1．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Jenniferisafirst­generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily—andthat’sprettypowerful. 鼓舞2．(2020·5月天津高考)Historyhasthepotentialtobreakdownthoseboundariesbyofferingusinsightintoentireworldsthatwouldotherwisebeforeigntous. 洞察力3．(2018·天津高考)Grocerystoresofthefuturemightstock“food”thatlastsyearsonend,freeingupshelfspaceandreducingtransportationandstoragerequirements. 储存4．(2016·北京高考)It’ssuchaprivilegetobeapartofthesekids’lives,evenjustforafewhours,gettingtoknowthemandhearingtheirstories. 荣幸5．(熟词生义)(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Manystationshavewheelchairaccessfromthecarparkorentrancetothestationplatforms. 站台6．(熟词生义)(2020·天津高考)Youshouldremainmodestwhenapproachingperfection. 谦虚的Ⅲ.单句语法填空1.Thereisnotenoughroomsothetelevisionisbalanced(balance)ontopofapileofbooks.2．Hergoodfriendwasveryangrybecauseshewasabsent(absence)fromherbirthdayparty.3.Theseseverely(severe)disabledpeoplecontinuetochallengethemselves.4.It’sadepressing(depress)thoughtthatIwillhavetodropout.5．LivingstonewasthefirstEuropeantomakeanexploration(explore)oftheZambeziriver.6.Itisimportanttoassessthereliability(reliable)ofthedata.名师点拨“一站清”(1)balance作为动词，意思是“使平衡”，此处主语thetelevision和balance之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。balance作为名词，意思是“平衡”，经常构成短语keep/loseone’sbalance“保持/失去平衡”。(2)severely是副词，意思是“严重地，艰巨地”，此处修饰形容词disabled。(3)depressing是形容词，意思是“令人沮丧的”；depressed也是形容词，意思是“感到沮丧的”，形容人的内心感受。(4)reliability是名词，其形容词是reliable。able表示“能的”，它的名词就是ability，有些以­able/­ible结尾的形容词的名词，把able变成ability。如：capable→capability;responsible→responsibility。[重点练——深化高频考点]1．trap[明其义]v．储存，留存；困住；使陷入圈套；使陷入困境n.陷阱；圈套[通其用](1)单句语法填空①Aftertheyweretrapped(trap)inthecoalminefortwodays,theminerswerefinallyrescued.②Shehadbeentrappedintosaying(say)somethingshedidnotmean.(2)词汇升级③Heclaimedhewastrickedintotakingdrugs.→Heclaimedhewastrappedintotakingdrugs.[解其困]trapsb.intodoingsth.意思是“诱骗某人做某事”，相当于tricksb.intodoingsth.。2．promote[明其义]v．促进，增进；晋升；提升；宣传，推销[通其用](1)单句语法填空①Ourproductshavebeenpromoted(promote)mainlythroughWeChatMomentssinceWeChatappeared.②Thepromotion(promote)ofenergyconservationisbeneficialtotheprotectionofnature.(2)补全句子③Weshouldpromoteawarenessofthedangersthatthreatenourplanettoday.我们应该提高对危险的认识，这些危险现在对我们的星球有威胁。④Muchtoourdelight,hewaspromotedtoheadmaster.令我们很高兴地是，他被提升为校长。[解其困]promoteawarenessof＝raiseawarenessof意思是“提高对……的认识”；“promotesb.to＋职务”意思是“提升某人做”。学案(二)词块、句式的活学活用——强化关键能力[词块的验收盘点]Ⅰ.词块点点练——选词填空incaseof，breakup，onaverage，inchargeof，eupwith，adaptto，befondof，intheformof，standout，setfooton1.Incaseoffire,runoutimmediatelywithawettowelcoveringyourmouthandnose.2.Itwasgettingwarmerandwarmer,andtheiceintheriverbegantobreakup.3.Themaninchargeofthesupermarketismycousin.4．Onaverage,peoplelostabout11pounds,or5%oftheirbodyweightaftertrainingforayear.5．Mygrandpaisfondofcollectingoldthings.6．Simplyincreasingthespeedofproductionoftenleadstoreducedvalueovertime,intheformoflower­qualityproductsandservices.7.Thegovernmentshouldeupwithabettersolutiontotheproblemscausedbythehighpriceofhouse.8．Itistruethatthelifestylewouldbedifferent,butwewilladapttoit.9．Shealwaysstoodoutinacrowdbecauseherhairwasbrightred.10．Whenpeoplesetfootonastrangeland,theyareusuallyexcitedandmeanwhileterrified.名师点拨“一站清”(1)incaseof是介词短语，表示“假使，万一”。incase用作连词，表示条件或目的，意为“万一，以防”，或起副词作用，意为“以防万一”。如：Incasethereisnofoodathome,hewillbuysome.Hebroughtsomefoodjustincase.(2)breakup的意思是“(指群体中的成员)解散；(指学校、教职员或学生)期末放假；结束；瓦解；击碎”。此处表示“(冰)融化”。(3)inchargeof和inthechargeof：前者表示“负责”，主语通常是人；后者表示“由……负责”，主语通常是物或事。(4)eupwith意思是“想出，提出”，相当于thinkup,raise。Ⅱ.易错对对碰——辨析比较1．eupVSeupwith比较①ThesubjectabouthowtolearnEnglishwellcameupinconversation.②Shecameupwithanewideaforincreasingsales.辨清(1)eup意思是“(指植物)长出地面，(指太阳)升起；被提及；被讨论；出现”，是不及物动词短语，主语经常是物，但不能用于被动语态。(2)eupwith意思是“找到或提出(答案、办法等)”，是及物动词短语，后面可以接宾语。2．inchargeofVStakechargeof比较①Hisbossaskedhimtotakechargeoftheofficeforafewdayswhileshewasaway.②WhowillbeinchargeofthedepartmentwhenSophieleaves？辨清(1)inchargeof是介词短语，其前面要加be动词，与be动词一起构成谓语。(2)takechargeof是动词短语，可以作谓语和非谓语。Ⅲ.多义比比看——一词多义(写出下列各句中breakup的含义)①Theminutethesportsmeetbrokeupateleveno’clock,allstudentsrushedtothedininghall. 结束②ThelittleboyswhoareeagerforaholidayoftenaskwhentheywillbreakupforChristmas. 放假③Toourastonishment,she’sjustbrokenupwithherboyfriend. 分手[句式的验收盘点](一)notuntil置于句首，句子用部分倒装[通其用]句型转换①Bamboosweren’tusedinpeople’sdailylifeuntiltheShangDynasty.→NotuntiltheShangDynastywerebamboosusedinpeople’sdailylife.②Hedidn’tseeashipinguntilhestayedonasheetoficeforfivedays.→Notuntilhestayedonasheetoficeforfivedaysdidheseeashiping.→Itwasnotuntilhestayedonasheetoficeforfivedaysthathesawashiping.[解其困]not...until...意思是“直到……才……”，它的倒装句为：notuntil...＋助动词＋主语＋其他；此句型的强调句型为：it＋be动词＋notuntil...＋that＋主语＋其他。(二)the＋序数词(＋n.)＋动词不定式作后置定语[通其用]补全句子①Hewasthefirstdoctortofindacureforthedisease.他是第一位为这种疾病找到治愈方法的医生。②MrSmithwasthelasttospeakatthemeeting.史密斯先生在会议上最后一个发言。③Thisfactorywasthefirsttobesetupinmyhometown.这家工厂是我的家乡建立的第一家。[解其困](1)当thefirst,thelast,thebest,theonly,thevery,theright等修饰名词，且这些词与动词不定式有逻辑上的主谓关系时，常用不定式的主动形式作后置定语。(2)动词不定式如果和被修饰词之间是被动关系，用动词不定式的被动式。学案(三)高考语篇的价值发掘——提升学科素养2019北京高考·阅读理解D篇——对接课标主题：自然环境、自然遗产保护精读真题——拓展语言能力(语篇中蓝体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法)[1]Bytheendofthecentury,ifnotsooner,theworld’soceanswillbebluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate,accordingtoanewstudy.[2]Attheheartofthephenomenonlietinymarinemicroorganisms①(海洋微生物)calledphytoplankton.Becauseofthewaylightreflectsofftheorganisms,thesephytoplanktoncreatecolourfulpatternsattheoceansurface.Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue,dependingonthetypeandconcentrationofphytoplankton.Climatechangewillfuel②thegrowthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas,whilereducingitinotherspots,leadingtochangesintheocean’sappearance.[3]Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface,wheretheypullcarbondioxide(二氧化碳)intotheoceanwhilegivingoffoxygen.Whentheseorganismsdie,theyburycarboninthedeepocean,animportantprocessthathelpstoregulate③theglobalclimate.Butphytoplanktonarevulnerabletotheocean’swarmingtrend.Warmingchangeskeycharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth,sincetheyneednotonlysunlightandcarbondioxidetogrow,butalsonutrients.[4]StephanieDutkiewicz,ascientistinMIT’sCenterforGlobalChangeScience,builtaclimatemodelthatprojectschangestotheoceansthroughoutthecentury.Inaworldthatwarmsupby3℃，itfoundthatmultiplechangestothecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur.Themodelprojectsthatcurrentlyblueareaswithlittlephytoplanktoncouldbeeevenbluer.Butinsomewaters④，suchasthoseoftheArctic,awarmingwillmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton,andtheseareaswillturngreener.eq\o(“Notonlyarethequantitiesofphytoplankton,\s\do4(1))intheoceanchanging，”shesaid,“butthetypeofphytoplanktonischanging.”[5]Andwhydoesthatmatter?Phytoplanktonarethebaseofthefoodweb.Ifcertainkindsbegintodisappearfromtheocean,Dutkiewiczsaid,“itwillchangethetypeoffishthatwillbeabletosurvive.”Thosekindsofchangescouldaffectthefoodchain.[6]eq\o(Whatevercolourchangestheoceanexperiencesintheingdecadeswillprobably,\s\do4(2))betoogradualandunnoticeable,buttheycouldmeansignificantchanges.“It’llbeawhilebeforewecanstatisticallyshowthatthechangesarehappeningbecauseofclimatechange，”Dutkiewiczsaid,“butthechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwillbeoneoftheearlywarningsignalsthatwereallyhavechangedourplanet.”［析微点·厚积语言基础］①构词法——micro­表示“小的”“微小的”“微量的”microorganismsn． 海洋微生物microphonen. 麦克风microscopen. 显微镜②微点拨——名词动用：fueln. 燃料v. 促进；增加③微积累——regulateregulatevt. 调节；约束；控制regulationn. 规章制度regulatetheglobalclimate调节全球气候④微积累——熟词生义：watern．水 (熟义)n．水域 (生义)通句式——句子(1)为部分倒装句当notonly位于句首时，notonly引导的分句要用部分倒装结构，即助动词、情态动词等放在主语之前，但是butalso分句不倒装，其中also可省略。通句式——句子(2)中but连接两个并列句，其中第一个分句中whatever引导主语从句。[理脉络——内化读文规律]解析真题——感悟素养立意[考什么·怎么考——真题再做]42．Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?A．Thevariouspatternsattheoceansurface.B．Thecauseofthechangesinoceancolour.C．Thewaylightreflectsoffmarineorganisms.D．Theeffortstofuelthegrowthofphytoplankton.解析：选B段落大意题。阅读第一段可知，该段主要说明在不久的将来，随着气候变暖，不同地区的海洋将变得更蓝、更绿；阅读第二段可知，气候变化将影响海洋浮游植物的生长，从而导致海洋外观的变化。故第一、二段主要介绍了海洋颜色变化的原因。43．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerable”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Sensitive. B．Beneficial.C．Significant. D．Unnoticeable.解析：选A词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句可知，温度变化会改变海洋的主要特征，并且能够影响海洋浮游植物的生长；由此可推知海洋浮游植物对海洋的温度很敏感，故选A。44．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Phytoplanktonplayadecliningroleinthemarineecosystem.B．Dutkiewicz’smodelaimstoprojectphytoplanktonchanges.C．Phytoplanktonhavebeenusedtocontrolglobalclimate.D．Oceanswithmorephytoplanktonmayappeargreener.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第四段第三句和第四句可知，浮游植物数量越少，海洋的颜色越蓝；数量越多，海洋的颜色越绿，故D项正确。45．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Toassesstheconsequencesofoceancolourchanges.B．Toanalysethepositionoftheoceanfoodchain.C．Toexplaintheeffectsofclimatechangeonoceans.D．Tointroduceanewmethodtostudyphytoplankton.解析：选C写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了气候变暖影响浮游植物的生长变化，进而造成海洋颜色发生变化，故选C项。[为什么考·有何价值——导向解读]一、发展思维品质文中第45题主要考查学生的概括性思维。第一段是主旨句，点出“随着气候变暖，不同地区的海洋将变得更蓝、更绿”，然后接下来对其原因进行解释，整篇文章主题一直贯穿始终，阐述了气候变暖的影响。由此概括得出C项正确。考生要在平时学习中注意概括性思维的锻炼。二、聚焦核心价值本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了由于全球气候变暖导致了海洋浮游植物的变化，进而影响海洋颜色的变化，旨在引导学生关注自然生态，增强环境保护的意识。“绿水青山就是金山银山”。中国的发展不仅要“金山银山”，也要“绿水青山”，因此在发展经济的同时必须保护环境，每个人都必须要有强烈的环保意识。选文极具教育意义，呼吁人们爱护环境、保护环境。借力真题——发掘学习能力Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Theareahasseenarapidpopulationgrowth(grow)．2．Thescientistsarecarryingoutastudyontheeffectsofglobal(globe)warming.3.Inresponsetothisproblem,various(vary)academicsproposedmanymeasuresandsteps.4．Significantly(significant),thepanyrecentlyopenedahugeshopinAtlanta.5．Exportingisnecessaryforoureconomicsurvival(survive)．Ⅱ.补全句子1．Shehasturneddownseveralinvitationstostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateon(专心)herstudies.2．Theseedwassprayedoverthegroundinlargequantities(大量地)byplanes.3．Tastesandpreferencesvaryfrompersontoperson(因人而异)．Ⅲ.分析长难句“It’llbeawhilebeforewecanstatisticallyshowthatthechangesarehappeningbecauseofclimatechange，”Dutkiewiczsaid,“butthechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwillbeoneoftheearlywarningsignalsthatwereallyhavechangedourplanet.”[句式解构]本句是主从复合句。句子的主干是but连接的两个并列部分It’llbeawhile以及thechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwillbe...，其中before引导时间状语从句；show后为that引导的宾语从句，warningsignals后为that引导的同位语从句。[句意翻译]“距我们能在统计数据上证明这种变化是由气候变化引起的还为时尚早”，Dutkiewicz说，“但是海洋的颜色的变化将是一个预警信号：我们确实已经改变了我们的地球。”Ⅳ.主题语境写作随着社会的发展，地球上的资源越来越短缺，所以节约资源、保护环境变得尤为重要。请你以“保护环境从我做起”为题写一篇小短文。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Protectingtheenvironmentstartsfromme参考范文：ProtectingtheenvironmentstartsfrommeWiththedevelopmentofoursociety,energybeesmoreandmorelimited,soitisquiteimportantforustosaveenergyandtoprotectourenvironment.Asstudents,therearealotofmethodswecandotosaveenergyathome.Firstofall,wecanturnoffthelightsaswellasotherapplianceswhennotusingthem.Secondly,recyclethewastewaterandpapersothatwecanreusethem.What’smore,itisawisechoicetousepublictransportation.Aboveall,everyonecanmakeacontributiontoourenvironment.Solet’stakeactionnow.课下主题训练自然环境、自然遗产保护Ⅰ.阅读理解AInspireyourstudentswithaschooltriptoAntarctica,thedriest“desert”onearth!Sinceitisnolongerthefieldofjustscientistsandexplorers,weareofferingauniqueopportunityforyouandyourstudentstoexplorethegreatAntarcticregion.Undercarefullycontrolledconditions,youcandiscoverAntarcticextraordinarywildlifeandsceneryonavoyageintheworld’slasttruewilderness.Antarcticaoffersyourstudentsdifferentkindsofstudytopicsfromgeologyandplatetectonics(构造学)atDeceptionIslandtocoldenvironments.Asthefifthlargestcontinentintheworld,Antarcticacoversanareaofroughly14millionsquarekilometers,mostofwhichisblanketedbyavasticesheet,averaging2,000metersinthickness.Forhalfoftheyear,itliesindarkness.However,withthearrivalofitsshortsummer,thiscoldlandplayshosttosomeofthegreatestwildlifeonearth.Millionsofpairsofpenguins,andotherseabirdsliveintheregion.Fivespeciesofsealsareregularlyobservedhuntingforfoodonice.Orcas,humpback,whalesandsomeotherseaanimalsareoftenseenfeedingontheocean’srichpicking,addingtotheimpressivelistofmarinemammals.Thesummerclimateisoftensurprisinglymildwithtemperaturesabovefreezingandthelonghoursofdaylightmeanthatwildlifeviewingispossiblealmostanytime.Wewouldarguethatit’simpossibletodescribethesceneryofthiscontinentinasingleword,but“breathtaking”esclose!Thishugecontinentliesunderthesnowandicewhiledramaticmountainrangesarecutthroughbygreatglaciers,forminglotsofcoastalislands,inletsandwaterways.Thesearefilledwithice,bigofsmallglacierssoitisdifficulttogettoAntarcticabyship.Thesculpturedshapesandbeautifulcoloroftheblueoceansinspiretheimaginationandprovideperfectphotographicmoments.AnexpeditionvoyagetoAntarcticaisatripofalifetimeforstudentsandteachersalike.Pricesareavailableonrequest—startingfromapproximately4,500poundsperpersonincludingreturnflightsandvoyage.PleasecontactustofindoutmoreaboutthetraveltoAntarctica.Call01737218807.语篇解读：本文是一则广告，鼓励学生参加南极洲旅行。1．NowAntarcticaisnotonlyalandofscientists,butalso.A．aplacewherenolivingthingscanbeseenB．afantasticcontinentallthestudentsareinterestedinC．agoodtopicforresearchinggeologyandplatetectonicsD．anexcellentplaceforstudentstomakediscoveriesandexplorations解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段的“Sinceitis...greatAntarcticregion.”可知，南极洲不再仅仅是科学家和探险家去的地方，我们正在为你和你的学生们提供探索南极大陆的机会。故选D。2．Itispossibletoviewthewildlifeinsummeralmostanytimebecause.A．thewildanimalseoutonlyinsummerB．visitorscanviewtheanimalsmoreclearlyinsummerC．summerofferswarmweatherandlonghoursofdaylightD．wildanimalsneversleepduringthesummertime解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段的“Thesummerclimate...almostanytime.”可知，夏季气候温和，气温在零度以上，白天日照时间长意味着观看野生动物在任何时候都是可能的。故选C。3．Whatdoestheauthorexpectthereaderstodoaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．TosavemoneyforthetriptoAntarctica.B．Tomakeabetterunderstandingofthepany.C．Togetintouchwitheachothertoorganizetheirtrip.D．TofindfurtherinformationaboutthetriptoAntarctica.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段的“PleasecontactustofindoutmoreaboutthetraveltoAntarctica.Call01737218807.”可知，作者期望读者联系他们得到更多的关于去南极洲旅行的信息，打01737218807咨询。由此可知，选D。BAntarcticaisknownforbeingavastlandoficeandsnow,aplacetoocoldformostlife.Despitethis,thecontinentisslowlystartingtoturnwarm.AccordingtotheGuardian,theAntarctichasregisteredanewhightemperatureforthefirsttimeonrecord,causingfearsofclimateinstabilityintheworld’siciestplace.OnFebruary9,BrazilianresearchersatSeymourIslandreportedatemperatureof20.75℃ontheicycontinentofAntarctica.Itwasalmostafulldegreehigherthanthepreviousrecordof19.8Thisrecord­breakingreadingwastakenatamonitoringstationinthenorthernpartofAntarctica.AccordingtoBraziliansoilscientistCarlosSchaefer,thetemperaturewasdocumentedduringa20­year­longresearchproject.Thefocusofthisprojectistostudytheeffectthatclimatechangehasonthepermafrostwithintheregion.Permafrostissoilthatstaysfrozenforatleasttwoyears.AlthoughthisisafirstrecordhighforAntarctica,Schaeferstressedthat“Wecan’tusethistopredictclimaticchangesinthefuture.It’ssimplyasignalthatsomethingdifferentishappeninginthearea.”Butinfact,thelasthightemperaturereadingwasinthe19℃range.ThesehighertemperaturescancauseiceandglaciersinAntarcticregionstomelt.TheAntarcticpeninsula—thelongfingeroflandthatstretchestowardsArgentina—ismostdramaticallyaffected.Scientistssawglaciersthathaveretreatedbymorethan100metersinDiscoveryBayLikeAmericanwriterErnestHemingwayoncesaid，“TheEarthisafineplaceandworthfightingfor.”Weshoulddoeverythingwecantohelpsaveourplanet.Otherwise,itmaybeetoohotforustofix.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。南极测得有气象记录以来的最高温，引发人们对于全球极寒之地气候不稳定的担忧。4．WhatdidBrazilianresearchersreportonFebruary9?A．SignyB．Antarcticahitarecordhightemperatureof20.75℃C．TheaveragetemperatureofAntarcticarangesfrom19.8℃to20.75D．Antarctica’snewrecordtemperatureisafulldegreehigherthanthepreviousdecade.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，2月9日，巴西研究人员在处于严寒地带的南极洲西摩岛记录下了20.75摄氏度的高温。这比先前西格尼岛1982年1月记录的19.8摄氏度高了将近1摄氏度。故选C。5．What’sthemainpurposeofthe20­year­longresearchproject?A．Topredictpossibleclimaticchangeinthefuture.B．TomonitorAntarctica’scontributionstoworldclimatechange.C．Toexplainwhythepermafrostmaycauseglacierstomelt.D．Toexaminehowthepermafrostisinfluencedbyclimatechange.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段的“Thefocusofthisprojectistostudytheeffectthatclimatechangehasonthepermafrostwithintheregion.”可知，该项目的关注点在于研究气候变化对于该地区永久冻土的影响。故选D。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“retreated”inParagraph5probablymean?A．Movedforward. B．Increasedinsize.C．Coveredacertainarea. D．Gotsmaller.解析：选D词义猜测题。根据第五段第二句可知，高温天气会导致南极洲地区的冰雪与冰川融化，所以此处指科学家们发现，探索湾的冰川已经后退了100多米，地面的积雪用一周多的时间就化得裸露出