广东省惠州市博罗县2024-2025学年高一上学期11月期中英语试题 含解析

博罗县2024-2025学年度第一学期高一阶段性教学质量检测英语试题试卷共8页，卷面满分130分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADiscoverexcitingoptionalcoursesatourschoolandjoinustoexploreyourinterestsanddevelopnewskills!Podcasting101Diveintotheactiveworldofpodcasting(播客)andimproveyourspeakingandtechnicalskills.Thiscourseoffershands-ontraininginmakinginterestingvideosontopicsofyourchoice.Aperfectstagetoexpressyourselfandlearntheropesofdigitalstorytelling.·Schedule:Fridays,4:30PM—5:15PM·Requirements:PleasebringaUSBstickEasyCarpentryReleaseyourcreativityandmanualskillswithourEasyCarpentry(木工)workshop.Learnthebasicsofcarpentry,includingthesafeuseoftools,asyoucreatefunctionalanddecorativeitemsliketables,birdhousesandmusicalboxes.·Schedule:Mondays,3:30PM—4:30PM·Requirements:SafetyglassesrequiredShowChoirExploretheartofsingingperformanceanddanceroutinesinourShowChoirprogram.Takepartinsinginganddancingtoavarietyoflivelysongs.Worktogetherwithothermemberstostageanimpressiveend-of-termperformance.Thisprogramisafantasticopportunitytomakenewfriends.·Schedule:Thursdays,1:00PM—1:45PM·Requirements:NoitemsnecessaryYogaandYouStartajourneyofself-discoveryandrelaxationwithourYogaandYouclass.Practicestandingandbalancingliketreesandmountainstobecomemoreflexibleandfeelhappier.Yogapromotesbettersleepandahealthierfigure.·Schedule:Wednesdays,4:00PM—5:00PM·Requirements:Pleasebringatowelandayogamat1.WhatskillwillstudentsdevelopinPodcasting101?A.Performingfirstaid. B.Givingspeechesonstage.C.Creatingshortfilms. D.Debatingonheatedtopics.2.Whencanastudentlearntomakeahand-madedecoration?A.Fridays,4:30PM—5:15PM. B.Mondays,3:30PM—4:30PM.C.Thursdays,1:00PM—1:45PM. D.Wednesdays,4:00PM—5:00PM.3.Whichcoursesuitsthosewhoenjoybothphysicalactivityandteamwork?A.Podcasting101. B.EasyCarpentry.C.ShowChoir. D.YogaandYou.【答案】1.C2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四门令人兴奋的选修课程，包括其课程内容、上课时间和要求等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Podcasting101中“Thiscourseoffershands-ontraininginmakinginterestingvideosontopicsofyourchoice.(本课程提供实践培训，让你根据自己选择的主题制作有趣的视频)”可知，在播客课中，学生将培养创作短片的技能。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据EasyCarpentry中“Learnthebasicsofcarpentry,includingthesafeuseoftools,asyoucreatefunctionalanddecorativeitemsliketables,birdhousesandmusicalboxes.(在你创造一些功能性和装饰性的物品，如桌子、鸟舍和音乐盒时，学习木工的基础知识，包括工具的安全使用)”和“Schedule:Mondays,3:30PM—4:30PM(时间安排：周一下午3:30至4:30)”可知，在木工课中，学生可以学习制作手工装饰，上课时间为周一下午3:30至4:30。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据ShowChoir中“Takepartinsinginganddancingtoavarietyoflivelysongs.Worktogetherwithothermemberstostageanimpressiveend-of-termperformance.(配合各种活泼的歌曲，参与歌舞表演。与其他成员合作，上演令人印象深刻的期末表演)”可知，在艺术表演团课中，学生需要表演歌舞，和其他成员合作，因此它适合那些既喜欢体育活动又喜欢团队合作的人。故选C项。BFamiliesaretakingdowntheirdecorationsandthrowingouttheirteeswhenChristmashascometoend.However,onemaninTexasisreusingthetreesforagoodcause.Canes(拐杖)forVeterans(退伍军人)CentralTexas,whichwassetupbyJamieWillis,makesfreecanesoutofwastewoodforveteransinneed.Willisstartedtheorganizationwhenhefoundhimselfinneedofastrongcane,hetoldCBSNews.JamieWillishadservedinthearmyforeightyears,butwasleftdisabled.Hewoulduseacanetogetaround,butdidn’tliketheonehereceivedfromVeteransAffairs.Hedecidedtoaskforasuitablereplacement(替代品)fromtheorganizationFreeCanesforVeterans.OscarMorris,whorantheorganization,apologizedtoWillisbecausetheywereallhandedout.Hethenconsideredmakingoneforhimself.Luckily,withthehelpofMorris,Willismadehisfirstcane.Morrisencouragedhimtomakeanothercaneforsomeoneelseinneed,whichgaveWillisanidea.HestartedtheCanesforVeteransCentralTexas.Duringitsfirstyear,Willissimplycollectedthrown-awaytreesandwood.Now,aftergettingsomeattention,WillishasreceivedmanydonatedChristmastreesfromneighborsandnatives.Since2016,Willisandhisteamhavemade222canesforveteransinneed.He’sevenstartedtomakethecaneswithslogans(标语)anddesignschosenbytheveterans,makingeachonemeaningfultothoseveterans.“It’sagreatfeeling,”hetoldCBSNews.“Ittakestheireyesofftheirsocalleddisabilityandittakestheireyestothecane.Becausewhenpeoplelookatapersonwithjustametalcane,everyonejustwonderswhathappens,”Willisadded.“Butnow,whenthey’rewalkingaroundwithcanesthatwemake,they’relookingatthecane,apieceofartwork.”4.WhatinspiredWillistostartCanesforVeteransCentralTexas?A.Hisinterestinwoodworking. B.Hisownneedforasuitablecane.C.Hisexperienceinthearmy. D.Hisdesiretohelpdisabledpeople.5.WhatcontributedtoWillis’successofmaking222canes?A.Thesupportfromthelocalpeople. B.TheattentionofWillis’neighbours.C.Thecooperationwiththeveterans. D.Thecollectionofthrown-awaywood.6.Whyarethecanesmeaningfulforveterans?A.Becausetheyarechargedfree.B.Becausetheyaredesignedbythemselves.C.Becausetheyaredonatedfromneighbors.D.Becausetheyaremadefromrecycledmaterials.7.Whatcanwelearnaboutthecanesfromthelastparagraph?A.Theyserveasasourceofprideforveterans.B.Theyprovideasolutionformovementproblems.C.Theyareasymbolofcommunitysupportandcare.D.Theyhelpchangefocusfromdisabilitiestothecanes.【答案】4.B5.A6.B7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了退伍军人JamieWillis利用废弃的圣诞树制作拐杖，帮助其他有需要的退伍军人的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Willisstartedtheorganizationwhenhefoundhimselfinneedofastrongcane,hetoldCBSNews.(威利斯在接受CBS新闻采访时说，当他发现自己需要一根结实的拐杖时，就创建了这个组织)”和第二段“JamieWillishadservedinthearmyforeightyears,butwasleftdisabled.Hewoulduseacanetogetaround,butdidn’tliketheonehereceivedfromVeteransAffairs.Hedecidedtoaskforasuitablereplacement(替代品)fromtheorganizationFreeCanesforVeterans.OscarMorris,whorantheorganization,apologizedtoWillisbecausetheywereallhandedout.(杰米·威利斯曾在军队服役八年，但后来留下了残疾。他需要用拐杖来辅助行走，但他不喜欢从退伍军人事务部那里得到的那根拐杖。他决定向“退伍军人免费拐杖”组织申请一个合适的替代品。该组织的负责人奥斯卡·莫里斯因为所有拐杖都已经分发完毕而向威利斯道歉)”可知，Willis自己需要一根合适的拐杖，但对从退伍军人事务部得到的拐杖不满意，这促使他开始制作自己的拐杖，并最终成立了CanesforVeteransCentralTexas这个组织。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“Now,aftergettingsomeattention,WillishasreceivedmanydonatedChristmastreesfromneighborsandnatives.Since2016,Willisandhisteamhavemade222canesforveteransinneed.(现在，获得了一些关注之后，威利斯收到了许多来自邻居和当地居民捐赠的圣诞树。自2016年以来，威利斯和他的团队已经为有需要的退伍军人制作了222根拐杖)”可知，当地人的支持促使Willis成功制作了222根手杖。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“He’sevenstartedtomakethecaneswithslogans(标语)anddesignschosenbytheveterans,makingeachonemeaningfultothoseveterans.(他甚至开始根据退伍军人选择的标语和设计来制作手杖，使每一根手杖对退伍军人都有意义)”可知，这些拐杖上有退伍军人自己选择的标语和设计，这让每根拐杖对退伍军人来说都有特殊的意义。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中““Ittakestheireyesofftheirsocalleddisabilityandittakestheireyestothecane.Becausewhenpeoplelookatapersonwithjustametalcane,everyonejustwonderswhathappens,”Willisadded.“Butnow,whenthey’rewalkingaroundwithcanesthatwemake,they’relookingatthecane,apieceofartwork.”(“这让人们的目光从他们所谓的残疾上移开，转而关注拐杖本身。因为当人们看到一个人只拿着金属拐杖时，大家只会猜测发生了什么，”威利斯补充道，“但现在，当他们拿着我们制作的拐杖行走时，人们都在欣赏拐杖，一件艺术品。”)”可知，这些拐杖让人们的注意力从残疾转移到拐杖本身，这些拐杖像艺术品一样吸引人们的目光。故选D。CThankstowarmerweather,flowersarespringingupeverywhere,fromfieldstoforesttoevenourfood.Withthespreadonsalads,acrosscocktails,oroncupcakes,flowersarechefs’favoritetooltouplifttheirart.“Eatableflowerscanaddaroma(香味)andcolourtoanydish,”ChrisAmendola,ownerchefofForagedinStationNorth.“Iprefertoaddflowerstomyplatesbecausetheyreallymakesomanydishesstandout.”Asthenameofhisrestaurantshows,theJamesBeard-nominated(提名)chefsearchesformanyofthemenu’singredients,mushrooms,pawpaws,ramps,andwildblueberries.Andwhileeveryseasonyieldsitsowngifts,thebiggestrichnesscomesinspringandsummer—whenAmendolawalksinthewoodstolookforplentyofflowersthathecanuseinhisdishes.AmendolafirstlearnedtofindflowerswhileworkingforfamoussearcherSeanBrockatMcCrady’sinCharleston,SC.“WewereonthefarmandSeansaid,‘Let’sdoawalkinthewoods,’”recallsAmendola.“Ididn’trealizeIcouldsearchanywhere.Eversincethen,I’vebeenspendingtimeinthewoods.”Whileeatableflowersareamorerecentcookingstyle,they’realsoaveryoldone.InancientRome,GreeceandChina,flowerswereusednotonlyincookingbutformedicinalpurposes.Unlikemushroomsearching,whichcanbedangerous,searchingforflowersisrelativelyeasy.“Eatingflowersisgenerallysafe,”saysAmendola,“thoughyoushouldknowwhatyouareeating.Oneofmyfavoriteflowersarethewoodviolets(紫罗兰),whichcomeinpurple,pinkandorange.WhenpeopleeatthematForaged,theyrecognizethemassomethinggrowingontheirownfrontgardens.They’llsay,‘Icouldn’timagineIcouldeatthese.’Ilovethosemoments.”8.WhydoesChrisAmendolaliketoaddflowerstodishes?A.Tosavemoney. B.Toencourageflowerplanting.C.Tomakedisheslastlong. D.Toimprovetheflavourandcolour.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“yields”inparagraph3mean?A.Investigates. B.Recognizes. C.Produces. D.Exchanges.10.Whatcanbelearnedabouteatableflowers?A.Theyhavealonghistory. B.Theyareeasytogrowinhomegardens.C.Theyaredifficulttofind. D.Theyareusedtotreatmostillnesses.11.Whatdoeatersthinkofthedisheswithwoodviolets?A.Delightful. B.Amazing. C.Ordinary. D.Dangerous.【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了鲜花都是厨师们提升厨艺最爱以及食用花卉的作用。【8题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段中““Eatableflowerscanaddaroma(香味)andcolourtoanydish,”ChrisAmendola,ownerchefofForagedinStationNorth.(“可食用的鲜花能够为任何菜肴增添香气和色彩，”ChrisAmendola说道，他是位于StationNorth的餐厅Foraged的所有者兼主厨。)”可知，ChrisAmendola喜欢在菜肴中添加花朵是为了提升菜肴的味道和颜色。故选D。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Andwhileeveryseasonyieldsitsowngifts,thebiggestrichnesscomesinspringandsummer—whenAmendolawalksinthewoodstolookforplentyofflowersthathecanuseinhisdishes.(虽然每个季节都yields自己的礼物，但最丰富的是春天和夏天——当Amendola在树林里散步，寻找大量的鲜花，他可以用在他的盘子里。)”可以推测，yields一词指的是季节带来的丰富资源，即出产或提供。A.Investigates调查；B.Recognizes承认；C.Produces生产，出产；D.Exchanges交流。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。由文章第五段“Whileeatableflowersareamorerecentcookingstyle,they’realsoaveryoldone.(虽然食用花是一种较新的烹饪方式，但它们也是一种非常古老的烹饪方式。)”可知，食用花有着悠久的历史。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“WhenpeopleeatthematForaged,theyrecognizethemassomethinggrowingontheirownfrontgardens.They’llsay,‘Icouldn’timagineIcouldeatthese.’Ilovethosemoments.(我最喜欢的花之一是木紫罗兰，它们有紫色、粉色和橙色。当人们在Foraged吃到它们时，他们会认出这些花也生长在自己的前院。他们说，‘我从未想过我可以吃这些花。’我喜欢这样的时刻。)”可以推断，顾客对于含有紫罗兰花的菜肴感到惊喜。故选B。DThere’sabesttimeofdaytoworkoutthatmayleadtobetterresults.ClaireZulkey,a44-year-oldfreelancewriterfromChicago,followsamorningroutineofgettingherkidsofftoschool,watchingTV,andcompletingafull-bodyworkout.Incontrast,32-year-oldgraphicdesignerMeghanCullypreferseveningworkoutsafterherfullday.Butisonetimeofdaybetterthantheother?AsmallstudyoutofSkidmoreCollegeexaminedtheadvantagesofmorningvs.eveningexerciseforbothwomenandmen.Paul,professorforhealthatSkidmore,ledthestudy.“Wehadthegroupsdividedintoeveningandmorninggroups,”hesays.“Wefoundwomenandmenanswereddifferentlytodifferenttypesofexercisedependingonthetimeoftheday,whichsurprisedus.”Thestudyshowedthatforwomenwhowanttolowerbloodpressure(血压),theriskofheartdiseaseorreducefat,morningexerciseworksbest.Thosewomenhopingforupperbodymuscle(肌肉)gainsormood(心情)improvementshouldconsidereveningexercise.Forthemen,thefindingsweresomewhatdifferent:Eveningexerciselowersbloodpressure,theriskofheartdisease,andfeelingsoftiredness.Butsimilartowomen,theyburnmorefatwithmorningexercise.“Formanypeople,thebesttimetoexercisewilldependontheirchronotype,”saysHeisz,authorofMooetheBody,HealtheMind.“Chronotypeisyourbody’snaturalhabittosleepatacertaintime—it’swhatdecideswhetheryou’reanightowloranearlybird.Forthe25%ofthepopulationthatconsidersthemselvesanightowl,gettingbothenoughsleepandenoughexercisecanbedifficult,”addsHeisz.Hecontinues,“Sleep—whichprovidesyourbodythenecessarytimetorecover(恢复)andmakegainsfromexercise—shouldalwaysbethefirstchoice.Whenitcomestoexercise,regardlessofresearchontheadvantagesofcertainexercisesatparticulartimesoftheday,yourresultswillnotbegoodifitdoesn’tallowenoughtimeforsleep.”12.Whatcanbothwomenandmengetbydoingmorningexercise?A.Afatloss. B.Alowerbloodpressure.C.Agoodmood. D.Asmallerriskofheartdisease.13.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Thetimeofsleep. B.Theadvantageofexercise.C.Thedevelopmentofhabit. D.Theexplanationofaterm.14.WhatdoesHeiszbelieveisimportanttogetgoodresultsofexercise?A.Lightfood. B.Plentyofwater.C.Enoughsleep. D.Lotsofexercise.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheRightHourforHealth B.TheAdvantagesofExerciseC.TheBestTimeofaDaytoSleep D.TheBestTimeofaDaytoExercise【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，探讨了一天中不同时间段进行锻炼的最佳时间，以及性别如何影响锻炼效果。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Butsimilartowomen,theyburnmorefatwithmorningexercise.(但与女性相似，他们通过早晨锻炼可以燃烧更多的脂肪。)”可知，女性和男性早上锻炼的好处都是可以燃烧脂肪，也就是减肥，故选A项。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段“Chronotypeisyourbody’snaturalhabittosleepatacertaintime—it’swhatdecideswhetheryou’reanightowloranearlybird.(“Chronotype”是你的身体在特定时间自然入睡的习惯——它决定了你是夜猫子还是早起的鸟。)”可知。这段主要解释了“Chronotype”这个术语，故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Whenitcomestoexercise,regardlessofresearchontheadvantagesofcertainexercisesatparticulartimesoftheday,yourresultswillnotbegoodifitdoesn’tallowenoughtimeforsleep.(当谈到锻炼时，不管一天中特定时间进行某些锻炼的优势研究如何，如果它不允许足够的睡眠时间，你的结果就不会好。)”可知，他认为获得良好锻炼效果的重要因素是充足的睡眠。故选C项。15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一句“There’sabesttimeofdaytoworkoutthatmayleadtobetterresults.(一天中有一个最佳的锻炼时间，可能会带来更好的结果。)”以及其它部分可知，整篇文章讨论了一天中不同时间段进行锻炼的效果，以及如何根据个人习惯选择最佳锻炼时间。因此，文章的最佳标题是“一天中锻炼的最佳时间”。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中两项为多余选项。Whenitcomestocomfort,mosttravelerswouldpicktrainsoverplanesanyday.Trainsusuallyoffermorelegandelbowroomthanairplanes.Andtherearenoseatbeltsignstokeepyoufromgettingupandmovingaround.____16____Thefollowingtipswillhelpmakeyournextlongrailjourneymorecomfortable.____17____Thatmightmeanbookingasleepercabininsteadofaseat.Therefore,youcanliedownonovernightrides,orafirst-classorbusiness-classseatinsteadofaspotincoachtolandyourselfmorelegroomandafootrest.Atablet(平板电脑)withmoviesandmusiccanbealifesaveronlongtrainrides.Butyou’llneedaplanforkeepingitcharged.____18____Makesureyouhavetherightadapterforyourchargerifyou’retravelinginaforeigncountry.Considerbringingalongsomelow-techformsofentertainment,too,likeasimplepackofcards.Whendecidingwhattopackfortraintravel,comfortableclothesshouldbeatthetopofyourlist.____19____Instead,selectclotheswitharelaxedfitthataremadewithsoft,stretchyfabrics(纤维织物).Optionsincludeloosepantsformenandhigh-risetrousersforwomen.Partoftheappealoftravelingbytrainiswatchingavarietyoflandscapesslipbyoutsideyourwindow,butoncedarknessfalls—orifyousimplyneedanap—youmightwanttoescapefromtheoutsideworldforawhile.____20____A.Sometrainshavepowerportsateveryseat.B.It’sagoodideatopreparesomesoftclothes.C.Yetsittinginaseatforhourscanstillbechallenging.D.Thisisnotthetimetopickyourtightestskinnyjeans.E.Upgradingyourseatisthebestchoiceifeconomyallows.F.Considerbringinganelectronicbookreadertokeepyouentertained.G.Noise-freeheadphonesarerecommendedifyouliketofallasleeptomusic.【答案】16.C17.E18.A19.D20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了更舒适地坐长途火车的方法。【16题详解】由上文“Whenitcomestocomfort,mosttravelerswouldpicktrainsoverplanesanyday.Trainsusuallyoffermorelegandelbowroomthanairplanes.Andtherearenoseatbeltsignstokeepyoufromgettingupandmovingaround.(说到舒适度，大多数旅行者每天都会选择火车而不是飞机。火车通常比飞机提供更多的腿部和肘部空间。而且没有安全带标志来阻止你起身和走动。)”可知，这里主要讲作火车比飞机更加舒适，而C项Yetsittinginaseatforhourscanstillbechallenging.(然而，坐在座位上几个小时仍然具有挑战性。)符合语境，其中Yet后内容与上文形成转折，且本句也引出下句讲怎样更舒适地坐火车的方法，所以本句有承上启下作用。故选C项。【17题详解】由下文“Thatmightmeanbookingasleepercabininsteadofaseat.Therefore,youcanliedownonovernightrides,orafirst-classorbusiness-classseatinsteadofaspotincoachtolandyourselfmorelegroomandafootrest.(这可能意味着预订卧卧铺而不是座位。因此，一整夜你都可以躺在卧铺上，或者坐在头等座或商务座上，而不是坐在硬座上，为自己争取更多的腿部空间和脚踏板。)”可知，这里主要讲升级你的座位，尽量选择卧铺、头等座或商务座等，而E项Upgradingyourseatisthebestchoiceifeconomyallows.(如果经济允许，升级座位是最好的选择。)符合语境，对下文有总括作用。故选E项。【18题详解】由上文“Atablet(平板电脑)withmoviesandmusiccanbealifesaveronlongtrainrides.Butyou’llneedaplanforkeepingitcharged.(一台有电影和音乐的平板电脑可以在长途火车旅行中成为救星。但你需要一个保持充电的计划。)”可知，这里提到平板电脑充电的问题，而A项Sometrainshavepowerportsateveryseat.(有些火车的每个座位都有电源端口。)符合语境，其中powerports与上文keepingitcharged对应，所以有承上作用。故选A项。【19题详解】由下文“Instead,selectclotheswitharelaxedfitthataremadewithsoft,stretchyfabrics(纤维织物).Optionsincludeloosepantsformenandhigh-risetrousersforwomen.(相反，选择用柔软有弹性的面料制成的宽松合身的衣服。选项包括男士宽松长裤和女士高腰长裤。)”可知，这里主要讲穿着的问题，而D项Thisisnotthetimetopickyourtightestskinnyjeans.(现在不是挑最紧身牛仔裤的时候。)符合语境，其中tightestskinnyjeans与下文clotheswitharelaxedfit和loosepants形成对比，有启下作用。故选D项。【20题详解】由上文“Partoftheappealoftravelingbytrainiswatchingavarietyoflandscapesslipbyoutsideyourwindow,butoncedarknessfalls—orifyousimplyneedanap—youmightwanttoescapefromtheoutsideworldforawhile.(坐火车旅行的一部分吸引力在于看着窗外各种各样的风景掠过，但一旦夜幕降临，或者如果你只是需要小睡一会儿，你可能想逃离外面的世界一段时间。)”可知，这里讲到火车上睡觉的问题，而G项Noise-freeheadphonesarerecommendedifyouliketofallasleeptomusic.(如果你喜欢在音乐声中入睡，建议使用无噪音耳机。)符合语境，其中fallasleep与上文needanap对应，有承上作用。故选G项。第二部分语言知识运用(共四节，满分65分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AfewnotablemomentsfrommymostrecentvolunteeringattheChildren’sHospitalneverescapeme.Afterwehad____21____withthenurses,Dr.TinyandIwenttoourfirstroom,insidewhichwereamotherandatwo-year-oldboy.Thisyoungboywas____22____onthebed,jumpingupanddown.Momwastryingtocalmherson,but____23____.Dr.Tinypulledouthistooland____24____itthroughtheaircreatingbubbles(肥皂泡).Witha____25____inmyhand,Istartedtoplaysoft,____26____music.Asweperformed,theyoungboywatchedthebubbleswithhiseyesand,surprisingly,begantosway(摇摆)____27____tothemusic.Heslowlyreachedouthishandto____28____thebubbles.Themother,too,hadbecomecalmer.Later,weenteredanotherroom.The____29____wasateenageboywhohad_____30_____aseriousaccident,leavinghimunabletositup.However,hemanagedtoraisehisheadwith_____31_____togreetus.Uponseeingourguitar,he_____32_____“Playmeasong,‘TheRed-NosedReindeer.’”Iadjustedmyguitar,_____33_____mythroat,andbegantosing“Jinglebells”instead.Theteenagerlookedupwithalookof_____34_____.Withasmile,hesaid,‘TheRed-NosedReindeer,’please!”Dr.Tinylookedatme,saying“You’restartingtoembarrassus.”Iofferedmy_____35_____forgettingitwrong.AsDr.TinyandIsangthesong,theteenagerlaughedhappily.Fromtheseexperiences,Ilearnedsimplegesturescanbringcomfortandjoytothoseinneed.21.A.giveup B.givein C.checkedin D.checkedout22.A.standing B.sleeping C.lying D.sitting23.A.refused B.lost C.failed D.left24.A.threw B.waved C.dropped D.packed25.A.suitcase B.piano C.backpack D.guitar26.A.peaceful B.sorrowful C.graceful D.powerful27A.quickly B.gently C.violently D.curiously28.A.move B.raise C.touch D.place29.A.physician B.patient C.nurse D.expert30.A.suffered B.caused C.avoided D.arranged31.A.pain B.confidence C.determination D.strength32.A.ordered B.shouted C.debated D.requested33.A.lowered B.changed C.cleared D.used34.A.gratitude B.confusion C.horror D.regret35.A.apology B.appreciation C.recommendation D.comment【答案】21.C22.A23.C24.B25.D26.A27.B28.C29.B30.A31.C32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【导语】这篇文章是一篇记叙文，描述了作者在儿童医院的志愿服务经历，通过与医生和护士的合作，为小患者们带去安慰和快乐，展现了简单善举的力量。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我们与护士登记后，Tiny医生和我去了我们的第一个房间，里面是一位母亲和一个两岁的男孩。A.giveup放弃；B.givein屈服；C.checkedin登记入住；D.checkedout结账离开。根据下文“wenttoourfirstroom”可知，他们进入了儿童病房，说明他们先进行了登记入住，故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个小男孩站在床上，上下跳着。A.standing站立；B.sleeping睡觉；C.lying躺着；D.sitting坐着。根据下文“jumpingupanddown”可知，小男孩在床上跳，肯定是站在床上，故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈试图让她的儿子安静下来，但是失败了。A.refused拒绝；B.lost失去；C.failed失败；D.left离开。根据上文“but”可知，妈妈未能成功让儿子安静，因为这里使用了转折关系，故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Tiny医生拿出他的工具，在空中挥舞，制造泡泡。A.threw扔；B.waved挥动；C.dropped掉落；D.packed打包。根据下文“creatingbubbles”可知，医生想要制造泡泡，就要在空中挥舞泡泡工具，故选B项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我手里拿着吉他，开始演奏轻柔的音乐。A.suitcase手提箱；B.piano钢琴；C.backpack背包；D.guitar吉他。根据下文“Uponseeingourguitar”可知，作者手里拿着的是吉他，故选D项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我手里拿着吉他，开始演奏轻柔音乐。A.peaceful平静的；B.sorrowful悲伤的；C.graceful优雅的；D.powerful有力的。根据上文“soft”可知，音乐是轻柔的，也就是令人感到平静的，故选A项。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们表演时，小男孩用眼睛看着泡泡，令人惊讶地开始轻轻地随着音乐摇摆。A.quickly迅速地；B.gently温柔地；C.violently猛烈地；D.curiously好奇地。根据下文“Heslowlyreachedout”可知，小男孩慢慢地伸出了手，说明他的动作平静下来了，这里应该是柔和地跟着音乐摇晃，故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他慢慢地伸出手去触摸泡泡。A.move移动；B.raise举起；C.touch触摸；D.place放置。根据上文“reachedouthishandto”可知，小男孩伸出手去触摸泡泡，故选C项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：病人是一个青少年男孩，他遭受了一场严重的事故，使他无法坐起来。A.physician医生；B.patient病人；C.nurse护士；D.expert专家。根据上文“volunteeringattheChildren’sHospital”可知，作者在一家儿童医院作志愿者，所以住在里面的应该是病人，故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：病人是一个青少年男孩，他遭受了一场严重的事故，使他无法坐起来。A.suffered遭受；B.caused造成；C.avoided避免；D.arranged安排。根据下文“aseriousaccident”可知，男孩遭受了事故，这会让他很痛苦，故选A项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他设法下定决心抬起头来迎接我们。A.pain痛苦；B.confidence信心；C.determination决心；D.strength力量。根据上文“unabletositup”可知，男孩受了重伤，无法坐直，所以他需要使用决心才能抬起头，故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一看到我们的吉他，他就请求我们弹奏“红鼻子驯鹿”。A.ordered命令；B.shouted喊叫；C.debated辩论；D.requested请求。根据上下文“Playmeasong”可知，男孩请求他们弹奏一首歌曲，其余选项显得很不礼貌，故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我调整吉他，清了清嗓子，开始唱“铃儿响叮当”。A.lowered降低；B.changed改变；C.cleared清嗓子；D.used使用。根据上下文“andbegantosing”可知，作者在唱歌之前先清了清嗓子，故选C项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：青少年抬起头，带着一种困惑的表情。A.gratitude感激；B.confusion困惑；C.horror恐惧；D.regret遗憾。根据上文“sing“Jinglebells”instead”和上下文可知，青少年想要听的歌曲不是作者唱的这首，所以他会感到困惑，故选B项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我为弹错歌曲道歉。A.apology道歉；B.appreciation欣赏；C.recommendation推荐；D.comment评论。根据下文“forgettingitwrong”可知，作者为错误道歉，故选A项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Beijing’sHutongs,alivingtestamenttothecity’sdiverseculture,havearichhistory____36____datesbackover800years.Theterm“hutong”,originallymeaning“waterwell”inMongolian,reflectedtheneedforaccesstowaterinthepast.Atfirst,thesenarrowalleys____37____(design)toaccommodatethecity’sgrowingpopulation.ThetypicaltypeofHutongarchitectureisthesingle-storycourtyard(院子)housesknownasSiheyuan.Thesehouses,____38____(common)builtaroundacentralcourtyardwithroomsandlivingspacesbranchingofffromit,havebeentheresidential(住宅)areasforpeopleforcenturies.Thenarrowalleyscreateasense____39____communityandpromotesocialinteractionamongresidents.OneofthemostfamousHutongsisNanluoguxiang,offering____40____uniquemixofculturalexperiencesandcommercialactivities.Thereisalot____41____(explore)init.Characterizedbyitsnarrowalleyslinedwithtraditionalshopsandcozycafes,ithasbecomeahotspotfor____42____(local)andtourists.Visitorscanadmirethetraditionalarchitecture,enjoythelocalstreetfood,____43____shopfortraditionalcraftsandsouvenirs.Today,Hutongs,with____44____(they)traditionalarchitectureandlayout,playasignificantrolein_____45_____(shape)Beijing’sidentity.TheyofferawindowintotraditionalChinesearchitectureandlifestyle,reflectingthephilosophyofharmonybetweennatureandhumanlife.【答案】36.that##which37.were

designed

38.commonly39.of40.a41.to

explore42.locals

43.and

44.their

45.shaping【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北京胡同的历史、建筑特点及其对北京身份的重要影响。【36题详解】考查定语从句。句意：北京的胡同是北京多元文化活生生的见证，它们有着丰富的历史，历史可以追溯到800多年前。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是history，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。【37题详解】考查动词语态。句意：起初，这些狭窄的小巷是为了容纳城市日益增长的人口而设计的。本句描述过去的事情，时态应用一般过去时，且主语alleys与design“设计”之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用were。故填weredesigned。【38题详解】考查副词。句意：这些房屋通常围绕着中央庭院建造，房间和生活空间从中延伸出来，几个世纪以来一直是人们的居住区。本空用副词commonly“通常”，作状语，修饰动词built。故填commonly。【39题详解】考查介词。句意：狭窄的小巷营造了一种社区感，促进了居民之间的社交互动。表示“一种……的感觉”可知短语为asenseof。故填of。【40题详解】考查冠词。句意：最著名的胡同之一是南锣鼓巷，它提供了一种独特的文化体验和商业活动的结合。此处泛指“一种独特的文化体验和商业活动的结合”，且unique以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：里面有很多值得探索的东西。本句已有谓语动词is，此处为非谓语动词，therebesth.todo“有事情要做”，空处作后置定语，修饰alot，应用explore“探索”的不定式。故填toexplore。【42题详解】考查名词的数。句意：以其狭窄的小巷、传统的商店和温馨的咖啡馆为特色，它已成为当地人和游客的热门景点。本空用名词local“当地人”，当地人不止一个，应用名词复数形式，作for的宾语。故填locals。【43题详解】考查连词。句意：游客可以欣赏传统建筑，品尝当地街头小吃，购买传统工艺品和纪念品。admire、enjoy和shop为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。【44题详解】考查代词。句意：今天，胡同以其传统的建筑和布局，在塑造北京的形象方面发挥着重要作用。空处修饰名词短语traditionalarchitectureandlayout，应用形容词性物主代词their“它们的”，作定语。故填their。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，胡同以其传统的建筑和布局，在塑造北京的形象方面发挥着重要作用。本句谓语为play，此处为非谓语动词，用shape“塑造”的动名词，作in的宾语。故填shaping。第三节(共1题10空;每空1分，满分10分)阅读下面小短文，根据上下文语境，从所给的A—K十一个选项中，选出最佳选项填入空白处，每个选项只使用一次，方框里有一个是多余的选项。A.strengthB.cutoutC.athletesD.competeE.positiveF.stressG.exampleH.medalsI.goalsJ.masterK.audienceWhatisthedifferencebetweenaplayerofasportanda____46____ofasport?Asportspsychologist(心理学家)suggeststherearefourthingsthatallgreat____47____haveincommon.First,theylovecompetition.Theyarenotafraidto____48____withotherpeople.Second,theyare____49____aboutthemselves.Itistheirgreatspiritsthatmakegreatevents,offering____50____agoodchancetogettoknowmoreaboutthesports.Greatathletescan