2022高考英语一轮复习Module2绘画建筑等领域的代表性作品和人物训练（含解析）选修8

绘画、建筑等领域的代表性作品和人物Ⅰ.阅读理解IntheRenaissancePeriod,peoplebecameinterestedinhighereducation.TheywantedtolearntheancientlanguagessuchasGreekandLatin—languagesthatwereusedintheoldtimes,andstudymathematics,science,andsoon.Manyuniversitiesweresetupduringthe16thcentury.Universityeducationwasaprivilegeoftherich.Girlswerenotallowedtoattendandpoorpeoplecouldnotaffordtogo.Amemberofawealthyfamilycouldattenduniversityattheageoften.HemightstudyindifferentuniversitiesandsincetheteachingwasalldoneinLatin,itdidn’tmatterwhichcountryhestudiedin.ItwasnotunusualforayoungboystudyoneyearinItalyandanotherinFrancewithoutspeakingeitherFrenchorItalian.Itwaspossibleinthe16thcenturytopleteuniversitywithoutlearninghowtoreadorwrite.Sincebookswerehandwritten,therewasnotenoughtogiveonetoeachstudent.Often,onlytheteacherhadabook.Hewouldreadtothestudentswhowouldmemorizewhathesaid.Testswereoral,notwritten.Infact,manystudentsfinishedschoolwithouteverwritingaword.Forthenotsowealthy,grammarschoolswerebuiltintowns.Theylearnedbasicgrammarandmathematics,andtookpartinBiblestudy.Athome,girlslearnedwashing,cooking,dancing,andhowtotakecareoftheirfamily.Poorchildrenrarelyattendedschool.TheRenaissancewasatimewhenlearnersdidnotsimplyacceptwhattheywereold.Theydidscientificexperimentsthemselvestosearchforanswerstothemysteriesofthespace.CopernicuscalculatedthattheearthturnedaroundthesunbutwasafraidtopublishhisworksforfearthattheChurchwouldpunishhim.Galileolatersupportedthis.Thewatch,thetelescopeandsomeothersweresomeinventionsofthisperiod.语篇解读：本文主要介绍了文艺复兴时期建立一些大学以及人们接受教育的情况。1．Whywerealotofuniversitiesbuiltduringthe16thcentury?A．Becausehighereducationbecamepeople’sconcern.B．Becausepeoplewereinterestedininventingthings.C．Becausepeopledesiredtogetridofignorance.D．Becausepeoplewereeagertolearnadvancedlanguages.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，在文艺复兴时期，人们对高等教育感兴趣，他们想学习古代语言、数学、科学等，所以在16世纪建起很多大学。由此可知选A。2．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheuniversitiesinthe16thcentury?A．Whetherboysorgirls,allthechildrenbornintoawealthyfamilycouldgotouniversity.B.AmanwhocouldonlyspeakFrenchwasnotallowedtogotouniversity.C．OnlyifhespokeLatincouldarichyoungmanstudyinanyEuropeanuniversity.D.Allchildrenoftencouldgotouniversity.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，在16世纪，不允许女孩上大学，穷人上不起，富人家的孩子有的10岁就能上大学。所有的教学都是用拉丁语，所以即使不会说法语或意大利语也可以在法国或意大利上学，并且在哪个国家都可以。故选C。3．Whichofthefollowingistruefortheuniversitystudentsinthe16thcentury?A．Amajorityofthemwereabletowritebooks.B．ManyofthemcouldreadbooksinGreekorLatin.C．Theyfinishedtestsonlybyspeaking.D．Theygraduatedafterhandinginthepaperstheyhadfinished.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段的“Testswereoral,notwritten.Infact,manystudentsfinishedschoolwithouteverwritingaword.”可知，测试都是口头的不是书面的，很多学生不会写一个单词就完成学业了。故选C。4．Whowasagainsttheopinionthattheearthturnedaroundthesun?A．Copernicus. B．Galileo.C．Universityteachers. D．TheChurch.解析：选D细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Copernicuscalculatedthat...supportedthis.”可知，哥白尼计算出地球围着太阳转，害怕教会惩罚他就没有发表他的作品，伽利略支持哥白尼的观点。故选D。Ⅱ.完形填空TheSistineChapelCeilingpaintedbyMichelangeloisoneofthemostfamousartworksoftheHighRenaissance.Nowthegreatmaster’s1hasbeenrecreatedbysimplecross­stitching(十字绣)．IttookMichelangelofour2—from1508to1512—to3theSistineChapelCeiling.Itscross­stitchreproduction,4，tookfourmoreyearstocopyinallitsamazingdetail.JoannaLopianowski­Roberts,aCanadianneedleworker,44,5atleastonehoureverydaywiththeworkonherlap.By6aThe7extraordinaryprojectstartedinOctober1995.Duringtheyearsthatfollowed,Joannawould8severalchallengesthatbroughthercloseto9pletely.Asisthemethodwithcross­stitching,Joannahadtopre­designan10foreachpaintingoftheSistineChapelCeilingandthen11allofthe45sectionswithcoloranddetailbystitching.Togetthe12rightforeachpainting,Joannahadtogeta(n)13close­up(特写照片)ofeachpiecewhichcamefromseveraldifferent14.SheevenboughtbooksfromRometomakesureshehada(n)15depiction(描绘)ofeverypartofMichelangelo’swork.Joanna’sSistineChapel,which1640inchesby80inches,isnowkept17atherhome.And18holdingtheitemclosetoherheart,shesaysshewouldsellittotherightbuyerfortheright19.Heracplishmenthasnowbeen20inJoanna’sbookIntheFootstepsofMichelangelo:TheSistineChapelCeiling语篇解读：本文介绍了加拿大的一位工人用十字绣绣出米开朗基罗的作品《西斯庭教堂天顶画》。1．A.original B．bookC．invention D．description解析：选A此处指这位伟大画家的原作被简单的十字绣重新创作出来。original“原物，原作”。2．A.months B．yearsC．decades D．century解析：选B根据空后面的“from1508to1512”可知米开朗基罗完成他的作品《西斯庭教堂天顶画》用了四年。故选B。3．A.connect B．imitateC．plete D．search解析：选C参见上题解析。4．A.therefore B．otherwiseC．meanwhile D．however解析：选D此处指然而这幅十字绣复制品用了四年多。前后是转折关系，所以选D。5．A.wasted B．tookC．cost D．spent解析：选DJoannaLopianowski­Roberts每天花费至少一个小时来绣这件作品。spend表示“花费(时间、金钱)”，主语是人。故选D。6．Abining B．providingC．mitting D．obtaining解析：选C通过付出总共3572个小时，她的梦想终于实现了。mit在此处表示“付出时间”。7．A.found B．observedC．timed D．calculated解析：选C此处指她的丈夫AaronRoberts用秒表精确给她计时。timev．“计时”。8．A.predict B．faceC．overe D．apply解析：选B此处指面对挑战。facev．“面对”。9．A.givingin B．givingupC．givingaway D．givingway解析：选BJoanna经常面对挑战，这些挑战使她要完全放弃。givein“屈服”；giveup“放弃”；giveaway“泄露秘密，赠送”；giveway“倒塌”。10．A.outline B．outeC．drawback D．adventure解析：选A此处指她要提前设计出《西斯庭教堂天顶画》这幅画的每部分绘画的轮廓。outline“轮廓”。11．A.fillin B．cutinC.setup D．putup解析：选A通过十字绣填充所有彩色的45个部分和细微的地方。fillin“填充”。12．A.history B．detailC．work D．direction解析：选B为了理解每部分绘画的细微部分，Joanna必须得到每部分的特写照片。detailn．“(照片、绘画等的)细部，局部，次要部分”。13．A.independent B．uniqueC．individual D．plex解析：选C此处指每部分的单独的特写照片。individualadj.“单独的，个别的”。14．A.solutions B．sidesC．shelves D．sources解析：选D每部分都有不同的来源。sourcen．“来源”。15．A.exciting B．amazingC．rough D．accurate解析：选D她从罗马买来书来确保精确地描绘出米开朗基罗的这部作品。accurateadj.“精确的”。16．A.means B．measuresC．has D．remains解析：选B这幅画长80英寸，宽40英寸。measurev．(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为。17．Afortably B．anxiouslyC．cleanly D．safely解析：选DJoanna的SistineChapel现在安全地保存在家里。safelyadv.“安全地”。18．A.with B．beyondC．despite D．through解析：选C尽管她很珍惜这件东西，她会以合适的价格卖给合适的买主。despiteprep.“尽管”。19．A.quality B．amountC．money D．price解析：选D参见上题解析。20．A.documented B．announcedC．researched D．ignored解析：选A此处指Joanna的成就在她的书中记录下来了。documentv．“用文件证实或证明(某事)”。Ⅲ.语法填空TheFrenchwordrenaissancemeansrebirth.Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesMicheletinhisHistoryofFrance.TheconceptofrebirthwasappropriatetothisperiodofEuropeanhistorybecauseofthe1(renew)interestinancientGreekandRomanculture2beganinItalyandthenspreadthroughoutEurope.Artistsandwritersturnedtoreligioussubjectmatterand3(seek)tomaketheirworksunderstandableand4(appeal)．These5(change)inoutlookdeeplyaffectedthemusicalcultureoftheRenaissanceperiod—howpeoplethoughtaboutmusicaswell6thewaymusicwasposedandexperienced.Theylearnedaboutthepowerofancientmusic7(move)tomovethelistenerandwonderedwhymodernmusicdidnothave8sameeffect.Forexample,theinfluentialreligiousleaderBernardinoCirilloexpressed9(disappoint)withthelearnedmusicofhistime.ThemusicalRenaissanceinEuropewasmoreageneralculturalmovementand