山西省太原市2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

2/22022~2023学年第一学期高一年级期末考试英语试卷说明：本试卷为闭卷笔答，答题时间90分钟，满分100分。请将第I卷试題答案填在第1卷卷首的相应位置。第I卷(共65分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分15分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。答案写在答题卡上。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C.例：Howmuchistheshirt?1.Whatisthegirl’spetnow?A.Acow.B.Asheep.C.Arabbit.2.Howwillthewomanprobablygethome?A.Bytaxi.B.Bycar.C.Bybike.3.WhydoesthemanagreetogototheChinatown?A.ToenjoytheLanternFestivalB.Totrysometraditionalfood.C.Toexperiencethefestiveatmosphere.4.Whereisthemanprobablygoing?A.Totheoffice.B.ToEmma’shouse.C.Tothesupermarket.5.Whosuggestsclimbingthemountain?A.Mary.B.Mike.C.Janet.第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)听下面3段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小題，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。答案写在答题卡上。听第6段材料．回答第6至8题。6.Wherewillthetwospeakerseat?A.Athome.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inafriend’shome.7Whatdoesthewomanwanttoeat?A.Hamburgers.B.Fishandchips.C.Chinesefood.8.WhatdoesthemanthinkofChinesedishes?A.They’retasty.B.They’reoily.C.They’rehealthy.听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。9.Howdoesthewomanfeelafterdoingtaichi?A.Energetic.B.Tired.C.Nervous.10.Whatdidthecoachadvisethewomantodo?A.Learntorelax.B.Focusondifficulties.C.Trysomeheavysports.11.WhyisShaolinKungfudifficult?A.Itneedsahealthybody.B.Itneedsalotofpractice.C.Itneedsquiteafewskills.听第8段材料，回答第12至15题12.Howmuchwilltheglobaltemperaturehaverisenby2100?A.About2degrees.B.About3degrees.C.About6degrees.13.Whatisthebiggesteffectofglobalwarming?A.Thesealevelrise.B.Lessfoodsupply.C.Muchworseweather.14.Whichareawillsufferfromdryweather?A.Australia.B.SouthEurope.C.Brazil.15.Whatdoesthemandoattheendofthespeech?A.Expresshisworriesaboutthefuture.BRemindpeopleofthepossibledanger.C.Callonpeopletotakeactionrightnow.第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分20分)第一节词汇填空(共5小题;每小题1分，満分5分)根据句意内容，从方框中选出正确的词汇，完成下列句子。A.whomB.balanceC.typicalD.regardlessofE.holdyourhorses1.HeinsistedonwearingaT-shirt________thebadweather.2.Mike,________andyouwillfindoutasolutiontothisproblem.3.Janeisanexpertonwriting,from________Ihavelearnedalot.4.Thereisnodoubtthatadultsshouldkeepa________betweenworkandlife.5.Pastaisa________Italianfoodmadefromflour,waterandsometimeseggs.【答案】1.D2.E3.A4.B5.C【解析】【1题详解】考查固定短语。句意：不顾恶劣天气，他坚持穿T恤。结合句意可知，此处表示“不管”为regardlessof与空后的thebadweather构成句子状语。故选D项。【2题详解】考查祈使句。句意：迈克，别着急，你会找到解决这个问题的办法的。分析句子结构可知，此处应“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构，结合句意可知，此处表示“别着急，别冲动”为holdyourhorses符合句意。故选E项。【3题详解】考查连词。句意：Jane是写作专家，我从他身上学到了很多东西。分析句子结构可知，此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词指人，所以用whom。故选A项。【4题详解】考查名词。句意：毫无疑问，成年人应该在工作和生活之间保持平衡。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，结合句意可知，此处表示“平衡”为balance符合句意。故选B项。【5题详解】考查形容词。句意：意大利面是一种典型的意大利食品，由面粉，水制成，有时由鸡蛋制成。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语，结合句意可知，此处表示“典型的”为typical符合句意。故选C项。第二节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A.B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。答案写在答题卡上。Asabackpacker(背包客),Iamgoodatfindinglastminuteflightsthatallowedmetoreachmydestinationsaffordably.The____6____?Flyoutontheholidayitself.Justasmyrighthandwasstartingtofeelsorefromallthe____7____,IfounditontheInternet:MexicoCity,round____8____LeaveonChristnasDay,whichIdon’tcelebrate,andflybackonNewYear’sDay,astherewasnoNewYear’sEve____9____toattend.Iwasalso____10____tofindahome-stayontheInternet.EachmorningIwoketothebestblackcoffee,whichmyhostfatheraffectionatelycalled“gasolina”.Mostdays,myhostmotherwouldtakemetotown.She’dshowmethesitesnotonthetourists’____11____.Icouldn’tbelievehow____12____thetownwas-oldcobblestones(鹅卵石)andbrightlycoloredbuildingschangedcolorwhenthelighthitthemandit____13____me.Timepassedquickly.Iwasalreadywishingtostaylonger____14____NewYearwasalreadyuponus.Notwantingto_____15_____myhostfamily,Iplannedtocelebratetheholidayalone,buttheyinsistedI_____16_____withthem.Weateafeastofsaladsandmeats.AsIsattheredrinking,Ilookedoveratmyhostfamily,whomI’d_____17_____formerelyaweek.Everyoneinthefamilyhuggedmeandwishedmeahappynewyear.EveryonewantedtomakesureIwas_____18_____.Wehavebecomegoodfriends.Withmyhostfamilygettingreadyforbed,Ihadto_____19_____beforereturningtomyroomtogetreadyformyearlyflight.Thisexperienceremindedmewhat_____20_____areallabout:friendsandfamilyinwhateverformtheycomein.6.A.line B.course C.trick D.intention7.A.competing B.clicking C.sharing D.holding8.A.trip B.face C.plate D.world9.A.lecture B.college C.wedding D.party10.A.curious B.patient C.lucky D.cautious11.A.maps B.wallets C.customs D.diaries12.A.narrow B.similar C.complex D.beautiful13.A.mentioned B.attracted C.disappointed D.examined14.A.but B.and C.if D.so15.A.follow B.encourage C.disturb D.impress16.A.succeed B.compare C.repeat D.celebrate17.A.interviewed B.admired C.known D.supported18.A.comfortable B.afraid C.surprised D.homesick19.A.takecare B.saygoodbye C.makesense D.turnup20.A.beliefs B.holidays C.methods D.promises【答案】6.C7.B8.A9.D10.C11.A12.D13.B14.A15.C16.D17.C18.A19.B20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述作者个人的旅行经历，阐述了假期的意义在于：朋友和家人。无论他们是什么形式出现，这些都给作者留下了深刻的记忆。【6题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个背包客，我擅长在最后一分钟找到能让我负担得起的到达目的地的航班。有什么诀窍呢？尽管飞出去放松吧。A.line线；B.course课程；C.trick秘诀，把戏；D.intention目的。根据前文“Iamgoodatfindinglastminuteflightsthatallowedmetoreachmydestinationsaffordably.”可知，作为一名背包客，作者擅长在最后一分钟找到能让自己负担得起的到达目的地的航班，这个诀窍就是在假期的时候乘坐飞机出去度假放松，故选C。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：正当我的右手开始因为所有的点击而感到疼痛时，我在互联网上找到了它：墨西哥城，往返旅行，在我不庆祝的圣诞日离开，在元旦那天飞回来，因为新年前一天没有派对要参加。A.competing竞争；B.clicking点击；C.sharing分享；D.holding握住。根据后文“IfounditontheInternet:MexicoCity”可知，作者反复在互联网上寻找旅游之地，故右手因为点击网页而感到酸痛。故选B。【8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.trip旅行；B.face脸；C.plate盘子；D.world世界。根据后文“andflybackonNewYear’sDay,astherewasnoNewYear’sEve____4____toattend.”可知，作者选择的是往返旅行。故选A。【9题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.lecture讲座；B.college大学；C.wedding婚礼；D.party聚会。根据前文的“noNewYear’sEve”可知，新年前一天作者没有派对要参加。故选D。【10题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还很幸运地在网上找到了一个寄宿家庭。A.curious好奇的；B.patient有耐心的；C.lucky幸运的；D.cautious谨慎的。根据后文“EachmorningIwoketothebestblackcoffee,whichmyhostfatheraffectionatelycalled“gasolina”.”可知，因为寄宿家庭上了年纪的男主人在每天早晨作者醒来时都会给他提供好喝的黑咖啡。所以可以得知，作者幸运地找到了寄宿家庭。故选C。【11题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她会指给我看游客地图上没有的景点。A.maps地图；B.wallets钱包；C.customs习俗；D.diaries日记。根据后文“She’dshowmethesites”可知，寄宿家庭的女主人会指给作者看游客地图上没有的景点。故选A。【12题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我简直不敢相信这个小镇是如此美丽——古老的鹅卵石和色彩鲜艳的建筑在阳光照射下会变色，这吸引了我。A.narrow狭窄的；B.similar相似的；C.complex复杂的；D.beautiful美丽的。根据后文“thetownwas-oldcobblestones(鹅卵石)andbrightlycoloredbuildingschangedcolor”可知，古老的鹅卵石和色彩鲜艳的建筑在阳光照射下会变色这是如此的美丽。故选D。【13题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.mentioned提及；B.attracted吸引；C.disappointed使失望；D.examined检查。根据前文“how____7____thetownwas-oldcobblestones(鹅卵石)andbrightlycoloredbuildingschangedcolor”可知，古老的鹅卵石和色彩鲜艳的建筑在阳光照射下会变色这是如此的美丽，这吸引了作者。故选B。【14题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我本想多待一阵儿，但新年马上就要到了。A.but但是；B.and并且；C.if如果；D.so所以。根据后文“NewYearwasalreadyuponus”可知，作者希望能够多待一会，可是新年即将到来，即不能停留时间过长。故前后构成转折关系，用but。故选A。【15题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不想打扰我的寄宿家庭，我打算一个人庆祝这个节日，但他们坚持要我和他们一起庆祝。A.follow跟随；B.encourage鼓励；C.disturb打扰；D.impress使印象深刻。根据后文“Iplannedtocelebratetheholidayalone,”可知，作者不想打扰寄宿家庭的夫妇。故选C。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.succeed成功；B.compare比较；C.repeat重复；D.celebrate庆祝。根据前文“Iplannedtocelebratetheholidayalone”可知，作者不想打扰寄宿家庭的老夫妇，打算一个人庆祝这个节日，但他们坚持要作者和他们一起庆祝。故选D。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我坐在那里喝酒时，我看着我的寄宿家庭，我认识他们只有一个星期。A.interviewed面试；B.admired钦佩；C.known知道，认识；D.supported支持。根据前文的“whom”可知，此处whom指代前文的“寄宿家庭”，即表示作者认识寄宿家庭的这对夫妇只有一个星期。故选C。【18题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都想让我过得舒服些。我们成了好朋友。A.comfortable舒服的；B.afraid害怕的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.homesick想家的。根据前文“Everyoneinthefamilyhuggedmeandwishedmeahappynewyear.”可知，寄宿家庭中家里的每个人都拥抱作者，祝愿作者新年快乐，即让作者感到舒服。故选A。【19题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我的寄宿家庭准备睡觉时，我不得不在回房间准备早班飞机前说再见。A.takecare照顾；B.saygoodbye道别；C.makesense说得通；D.turnup调高，出现。根据后文“beforereturningtomyroomtogetreadyformyearlyflight.”可知，作者不得不在回房间准备早班飞机前说再见。故选B。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次经历提醒了我假期的意义：朋友和家人，无论他们是什么形式。A.belief信念；B.holidays假期；C.methods方法；D.promises承诺。根据段首“Flyoutontheholidayitself.”可知，作者通过这次经历，让作者明白了乘坐航班外出旅行的意义就是飞出去度假结识他人和朋友。故此处表示这次经历提醒了作者假期的意义。故选B。第三部分阅读理解(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B,C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。答案写在答题卡上注意：C篇分A、B两种题型，A(易)题型为客观题，B(难)题型为主观题。AJanuaryisthetimefornewbeginnings,andFloridaplanstostart2023strongwithafun-filledlineupofentertainingevents.StartyouryearoffrightatoneoftheseeventshappeninginFlorida.SouthFloridaFair,WestPalmBeachVisitWestPalmBeachtoenjoymorethan200rides,fivestagesofnationalconcertacts,livestockshows,andtonsofactivitiestokeepthekidsentertained.You’llwanttocomehungry,asit’stheplacetohavefairfoodlikecorndogsbeforewatchingthelovableracingpigs.Dates:January17th-February2nd,2023Visit:ArtDecoWeekend,MiamiBeachTherearemorethan85eventstoattend,includingaBarkDecoDogShowandaJazzAge.Bringtheentirefamilyouttoenjoythelivemusicandavarietyoffoods,drinksandstreettheaterthatwillbedisplayed.Thenlistentolivelecturesandgoonguidedtoursofthearea.Dates:January17th-19th,2023Visit:FilmFestival,St.AugustineFilmenthusiastswon’twanttomissoutontheFilmFestival,asyou’llfindvariousviewingopportunities.Youcancatchfilmsthatareusuallyscreenedinthefestival,withthisyear’shighlightsincludingmanylight-heartedcomediesfromaroundtheworld,aswellasexcellentfilmsfromindependentfilmmakers.Dates:January16th-19th,2023Visit：ManateeFestival,CrystalRiverOfferingachancetocelebrateFlorida’sfamousgentlegiants,theManateeFestivalisalsoagreattimetoenjoythebeautifuloutdoors.ManateeslovethenaturalspringwatersofCrystalRiver,andthisfestivalcelebratesitsbelovedwinteranimalswithfreeaccesstoboattoursandlocalseafoodofferings.Dates:January18th-19th,2023Visit:21.Whichistheidealplaceforjazzlovers?A.CrystalRiver. B.Miami C.St.Augustine. D.WestPalm22.WhenisFilmFestivalcelebrated?A.January16th-19th,2023. B.January17th-19th,2023.C.January18th-19th,2023. D.January17th-February2nd,2023.23.WhatmightvisitorsexperienceduringManateeFestival?A.Racingpigs. B.Livelectures.C.Outdoorscenery D.Light-heartedmovies.【答案】21.B22.A23.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了佛罗里达州计划的一系列充满乐趣的娱乐活动。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据ArtDecoWeekend,MiamiBeach部分中“Therearemorethan85eventstoattend,includingaBarkDecoDogShowandaJazzAge.(这里有超过85项活动，包括BarkDecoDogShow和JazzAge。)”以及“Bringtheentirefamilyouttoenjoythelivemusicandavarietyoffoods,drinksandstreettheaterthatwillbedisplayed.(全家人一起出去享受现场音乐和各种食物，饮料和街头戏剧表演。)”可知，Miami是爵士乐爱好者的理想之地。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据FilmFestival,St.Augustine部分中“Dates:January16th-19th,2023(时间：2023年1月16日-19日)”可知，FilmFestival是在2023年1月16日-19日庆祝。故选A。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据ManateeFestival,CrystalRiver部分中“OfferingachancetocelebrateFlorida’sfamousgentlegiants,theManateeFestivalisalsoagreattimetoenjoythebeautifuloutdoors.(海牛节提供了一个机会来庆祝佛罗里达州著名的温柔巨人，也是一个享受美丽户外的好时机。)”可知，海牛节让人享受到了美好的户外风景。故选C。BAsahuman,youmayhaveexperiencedaphenomenon(现象)commonlyknownas“dessertstomach.”Youcometotheendofalargemeal,feelinglikeyoucouldn’tpossiblyeatanotherpieceoffood.Thendessertisoffered,andyourappetite(食欲)suddenlyreappears.Itwouldappearasifacornerofyourstomachhasbeensetasideforit.Whatyoumaynotknowisthat“dessertstomach”canalsobereferredtoas“sensory-specificsatiety(饱足)”,referstotheideathatthefeelingoffullnessafteralargemealdoesn’tmeanthatyourbodyiscompletelyfull.Instead,yourbodyisfilledorboredwiththeflavorofwhateveryouwerejusteating.Thisiswhywhenanotherfoodwithadifferentflavorispresented,yousuddenlyfeelabletofitmorefoodintoyourbody.Inotherwords,thepromiseofadifferenttypeoffoodandyourbody’sdesiretoconsumeitcanpreventyourbrainfromtellingyourbodyit’strulyfull.WhyhumansexperienceSSScouldberelatedtothehumandevelopment.WhatSSSteachesusisthatthehumanbodyiscapableofconsumingfoodbeyondnormallimits.Thisabilitywaslikelyusefulthousandsofyearsagowhenfoodwasnotreadilyavailable.Atriskoffoodshortage,apersoncouldpushtheirbodywithwhateverfoodwasathandtocreateanenergystoreincasesuppliesrantoolow.Theproblemisthatformanypeopletoday,foodshortageisnotapresentdanger.Thus,SSScaneasilyresultinpeopleovereatingandexperiencingunhealthyweightgain.So,thenexttimeyoufindyourselfeyeingadeliciouscakeordoughnutoveryouralreadyfullstomach,rememberthatyou’veprobablyalreadyeatenyourfill,nomatterhowmuchyourbodyseemstobescreaming,“Eatit!”24.Whatmakesa“dessertstomach”afteralargemeal?A.Ahealthyappetite. B.Thefeelingoffullness.C.Adifferentflavor. D.Theboredomfromdessert.25.WhatmightbeapossibleresultofSSSnowadays?A.Morefoodwaste. B.Thefoodshortage.C.Goodenergystore. D.People’soverweight.26.Whatissuggestedoneatingsweetswitha“dessertstomach”?A.Droppingtheidea. B.Enjoyingthedessert.C.Choosingotherfood. D.Throwingawaycakes.【答案】24.C25.D26.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“甜点胃”的现象，同时指出这种现象的造成的不良后果，并提出相应的解决建议。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Instead,yourbodyisfilledorboredwiththeflavorofwhateveryouwerejusteating.Thisiswhywhenanotherfoodwithadifferentflavorispresented,yousuddenlyfeelabletofitmorefoodintoyourbody.(相反，你的身体会被你刚刚吃的东西的味道填满或厌倦。这就是为什么当另一种味道不同的食物出现时，你突然觉得可以把更多的食物塞进你的身体。”)可知，在一顿大餐之后还会出现“甜点胃”的现象是因为当另一种味道不同的食物出现时你突然觉得可以把更多的食物塞进你的身体，即另一种食物的味道起到的作用。故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thus,SSScaneasilyresultinpeopleovereatingandexperiencingunhealthyweightgain.(因此，SSS很容易导致人们暴饮暴食，并经历不健康的体重增加。)”可知，SSS很容易导致人们暴饮暴食，并经历不健康的体重增加。故选D。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“So,thenexttimeyoufindyourselfeyeingadeliciouscakeordoughnutoveryouralreadyfullstomach,rememberthatyou’veprobablyalreadyeatenyourfill,nomatterhowmuchyourbodyseemstobescreaming,“Eatit!”(所以，下次当你发现自己在已经吃饱的肚子上盯着美味的蛋糕或甜甜圈时，记住你可能已经吃饱了，不管你的身体似乎在尖叫着：“吃吧!”)”可知，有“甜点胃”的人吃甜食的时候记住自己已经吃饱了，不管身体怎么互换要在吃甜食，即放弃这种想法。故选A。C以下A(易)、B(难)两种题型任选一种，做A题型的不做B,做B题型的不做A.(以下是A种题型)ThepopulationofmonarchspassingthewinterinMexicoappearstohavefallen.Now,thegoodnewsforIllinois’stateinsects:TheFieldMuseuminChicagoistryingtofigureoutwhatmakesasuccessfulmonarchgardeninthecity,andit’spropertostartpreparingforthissummer.TheFieldMuseumprojectinvolvescitizensreportingonspacesthatresearcherscan’twalkintoeveryday,likebackyards.Participantssentinweeklyreports,includingthemakeupoftheirgarden,anddevelopmentofeggsandcaterpillars.Themoresuccessfulgardenshadmoremilkweed(乳汁草)andbloomingplants,multiplemilkweedspecies,andtendedtobelargerplots.ButKlinger,anexpertattheFieldMuseum,saidoneparticipantwithasingleplantwatchedeggstransformallthewaytochrysalises(蛹).So,shesaid,“Youjustneedoneplant.”In2020,duringthesecondseasonofthestudy,thenumberofcaterpillarsdroppedeventhoughthenumberofparticipantsinthestudymorethandoubled.Chicagosawahot,drysummer—itswarmestonrecord,andKlingersaidthatmayhaveaffectedthehealthofthemilkweedplants.ThereportsoutofMexiconotedthisseason’seasternpopulationdropfollowedanincreaseinforestloss,whichwas4timeswhatitwasayearago,primarilyfromillegaltreecutting,aswellastreeshitbywindanddrought.ButtheyalsosaidspringandsummerweatherconditionsweretoughformilkweedblossomsandeggdevelopmentinthesouthernUS,whichislargelyresponsibleforlimitingreproduction.“Butnowistheoptimumtimetostartplanningtoplantsomemilkweed.Thebestthingtodoiswhatyoucando.Onemilkweedplantinapotonyourbalcony(阳台)isdoingsomething,”Klingersaid.27.WhatdoesKlingerimplyaboutmonarchgardensinparagraph2?AMoremilkweedisamustforlargerplots.B.It’snecessarytoparticipateinthisproject.C.It’seasyforcitizenstogardenformonarchs.D.Oneplantcanalsomakeagreatdifference.28.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.BadweatherseeninthesouthernUS.B.Factorsleadingtothemonarch’sdecline.C.Humanactivitiescausingharmtobutterflies.D.Plantsresponsibleforthemonarch’sreproduction.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“optimum”inparagraph5mean?AFixed. B.Special. C.Perfect. D.Acceptable.30.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.GardenersLendAllInsectsaHandB.PlantMilkweedtoSaveMonarchsC.CitiesProvidetheBestHabitatforMonarchsD.NecessaryApproachestoHelpingoutButterflies【答案】27.D28.B29.C30.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了芝加哥的菲尔德博物馆为了能增加在墨西哥过冬的帝王蝶数量做了很多的努力。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“ButKlinger,anexpertattheFieldMuseum,saidoneparticipantwithasingleplantwatchedeggstransformallthewaytochrysalises(蛹).So,shesaid,“Youjustneedoneplant.”(但菲尔德博物馆的专家Klinger说，有一位参与者只拿了一株植物，就看到了卵一直变成蛹。所以，她说：“你只需要一株植物。”)”可推断，Klinger认为，一株植物也会对增加帝王蝶数量方面有所帮助。故选D。【28题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Chicagosawahot,drysummer—itswarmestonrecord,andKlingersaidthatmayhaveaffectedthehealthofthemilkweedplants.ThereportsoutofMexiconotedthisseason’seasternpopulationdropfollowedanincreaseinforestloss,whichwas4timeswhatitwasayearago,primarilyfromillegaltreecutting,aswellastreeshitbywindanddrought.ButtheyalsosaidspringandsummerweatherconditionsweretoughformilkweedblossomsandeggdevelopmentinthesouthernUS,whichislargelyresponsibleforlimitingreproduction.(芝加哥经历了一个炎热干燥的夏天，这是有记录以来最热的夏天，Klinger说这可能影响了乳汁草植物的健康。来自墨西哥的报告指出，这个季节东部人口的下降伴随着森林损失的增加，森林损失是一年前的4倍，主要是由于非法砍伐树木，以及遭受风和干旱的树木。但他们也表示，美国南部春季和夏季的天气条件不利于乳汁草的开花和卵子的发育，这在很大程度上限制了乳汁草的繁殖)”可知，本段主要分析了帝王蝶数量减少的原因。故选B。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“it’spropertostartpreparingforthissummer.(现在是时候开始为今年夏天做准备了)”以及第四段“Chicagosawahot,drysummer—itswarmestonrecord,andKlingersaidthatmayhaveaffectedthehealthofthemilkweedplants.(芝加哥经历了一个炎热干燥的夏天，这是有记录以来最热的夏天，Klinger说这可能影响了乳汁草植物的健康)”和“ButtheyalsosaidspringandsummerweatherconditionsweretoughformilkweedblossomsandeggdevelopmentinthesouthernUS,whichislargelyresponsibleforlimitingreproduction.(但他们也表示，美国南部春季和夏季的天气条件不利于乳汁草的开花和卵子的发育，这在很大程度上限制了乳汁草的繁殖)”可知，现在正是种植马利筋的最佳时机。选项A“Fixed(固定的)”；选项B“Special(特别的)”；选项C“Perfect(完美的)”；选项D“Acceptable(可接受的)”。故选C。【30题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Now,thegoodnewsforIllinois’stateinsects:TheFieldMuseuminChicagoistryingtofigureoutwhatmakesasuccessfulmonarchgardeninthecity,andit’spropertostartpreparingforthissummer.(现在，对伊利诺伊州的帝王蝶来说，好消息来了：芝加哥的菲尔德博物馆正在试图弄清楚是什么才能让这座城市的帝王蝶花园成功，现在是时候开始为今年夏天做准备了)”可知，芝加哥的菲尔德博物馆正在想办法增加帝王蝶在墨西哥过冬的数量；再根据最后一段““Butnowistheoptimumtimetostartplanningtoplantsomemilkweed.Thebestthingtodoiswhatyoucando.Onemilkweedplantinapotonyourbalcony(阳台)isdoingsomething,”Klingersaid.(“但现在是开始计划种植马利筋的最佳时机。最好的办法是做你能做的。你阳台上花盆里的乳汁草正在起作用，”Klinger说。)”可知，专家号召人们多种植马利筋以为帝王蝶提供生存环境，从而增加帝王蝶的数量。由此可知，“PlantMilkweedtoSaveMonarchs(种植乳汁草拯救帝王蝶)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。(以下是B种题型)阅读下面的短文，并根据短文内容回答后面的问题。ThepopulationofmonarchspassingthewinterinMexicoappearstohavefallen.Now,thegoodnewsforIllinois’stateinsects:TheFieldMuseuminChicagoistryingtofigureoutwhatmakesasuccessfulmonarchgardeninthecity,andit’spropertostartpreparingforthissummer.TheFieldMuseumprojectinvolvescitizensreportingonspacesthatresearcherscan’twalkintoeveryday,likebackyards.Participantssentinweeklyreports,includingthemakeupoftheirgarden,anddevelopmentofeggsandcaterpillars.Themoresuccessfulgardenshadmoremilkweed(乳汁草)andbloomingplants，multiplemilkweedspecies，andtendedtobelargerplots.ButKlinger,anexpertattheFieldMuseum,saidoneparticipantwithasingleplantwatchedeggstransformallthewaytochrysalises(蛹).So，shesaid，“Youjustneedoneplant.”In2020,duringthesecondseasonofthestudy,thenumberofcaterpillarsdroppedeventhoughthenumberofparticipantsinthestudymorethandoubled.Chicagosawahot,drysummer——itswarmestonrecord,andKlingersaidthatmayhaveaffectedthehealthofthemilkweedplants.ThereportsoutofMexiconotedthisseason’seasternpopulationdropfollowedanincreaseinforestloss,whichwas4timeswhatitwasayearago,primarilyfromillegaltreecutting,aswellastreeshitbywindanddrought.ButtheyalsosaidspringandsummerweatherconditionsweretoughformilkweedblossomsandeggdevelopmentinthesouthernUS,whichislargelyresponsibleforlimitingreproduction.“Butnowistheoptimumtimetostartplanningtoplantsomemilkweed.Thebestthingtodoiswhatyoucando.Onemilkweedplantinapotonyourbalcony(阳台)isdoingsomething，”Klingersaid.31.What’stheintentionoftheFieldMuseumproject?________________32.What’sthemainideaofparagraph2?________________33.Whywasthereanincreaseintheforestloss?________________34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheFieldMuseumproject?________________【答案】31.Tofigureouthowtomakeasuccessfulurbanmonarchgarden.32.AnintroductiontotheFieldMuseumproject.33.Becauseoftheillegaltreecuttingaswellastreeshitbywindanddrought.34.Positive/Approving/Optimistic.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了菲尔德博物馆研究发现，一种称为马利筋的植物是使帝王花园成功的原因。【31题详解】考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Now,thegoodnewsforIllinois’stateinsects:TheFieldMuseuminChicagoistryingtofigureoutwhatmakesasuccessfulmonarchgardeninthecity,andit’spropertostartpreparingforthissummer.(现在，伊利诺伊州昆虫的好消息是：芝加哥的菲尔德博物馆正试图弄清楚是什么造就了这座城市成功的帝王花园，现在开始为今年夏天做准备是合适的。)”可知，菲尔德博物馆想弄清楚是什么使得该城市的帝王花园取得成功的。故答案为Tofigureouthowtomakeasuccessfulurbanmonarchgarden.。【32题详解】考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“TheFieldMuseumprojectinvolvescitizensreportingonspacesthatresearcherscan’twalkintoeveryday,likebackyards.Participantssentinweeklyreports,includingthemakeupoftheirgarden,anddevelopmentofeggsandcaterpillars.(菲尔德博物馆项目涉及公民报告研究人员无法每天走进的空间，如后院。参与者每周发送报告，包括花园的组成，以及卵和毛毛虫的发育。)”可知，菲尔德博物馆项目参与者要报告自己的发现，由此可知，该段的主题是介绍菲尔德博物馆的项目。故答案是AnintroductiontotheFieldMuseumproject.。【33题详解】考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“ThereportsoutofMexiconotedthisseason’seasternpopulationdropfollowedanincreaseinforestloss,whichwas4timeswhatitwasayearago,primarilyfromillegaltreecutting,aswellastreeshitbywindanddrought.(墨西哥的报告指出，本季东部人口下降之前，森林损失增加，是一年前的4倍，主要是由于非法砍伐树木以及受风和干旱袭击的树木。)”可知，森林减少的量是一年前的4倍，基本上源于非法砍伐，以及自然灾害造成的森林数量减少。故答案是Becauseoftheillegaltreecuttingaswellastreeshitbywindanddrought.。【34题详解】考查推理判断。根据首段中的“Now,thegoodnewsforIllinois’stateinsects:TheFieldMuseuminChicagoistryingtofigureoutwhatmakesasuccessfulmonarchgardeninthecity,andit’spropertostartpreparingforthissummer.(现在，伊利诺伊州昆虫的好消息是：芝加哥的菲尔德博物馆正试图弄清楚是什么造就了这座城市成功的帝王花园，现在开始为今年夏天做准备是合适的。)”可知，作者在讲述这一研究时，用到了goodnews，由此可以推断，作者认为菲尔德博物馆项目是积极乐观的。故答案是Positive/Approving/Optimistic.。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。答案写在答题卡上。Fewthingsareaswonderfulasvisitingabeautifulnaturalplace,breathingthefreshairandenjoyingthebeauty.____35____Peoplecanloveaplacetodeathiftheyaren’tcareful.In1990,theLeaveNoTracemovementattemptedtohelp.Theyintroducedthefollowingprinciplestoencouragepeopletobothenjoyandprotectthegreatoutdoors.Planahead.____36____Checktheweatherforecast,planwhatclothingtowear,andthinkaboutawatersupply.Also,checkthearea’srulesforuse.Throwawaywasteproperly.Neverleavegarbagebehind.Don’tleaveyourfoodwrappers,cansorleftovers.____37____Respectwildlife.Youshouldstayatleast100metersawayfromwildlife,soyoudon’tdisturbanyanimals.____38____Protectyourfoodsothatanimalscan’tgetintoit,anddon’tfeedtheanimalsonanything.Humanfoodisn’tgoodforthem,andbecomingcomfortablewithhumansisdangerousforthem.Theymayforgethowtosurviveinthewildorbecomelessafraidofhumans.____39____Don’tmakeloudnoisesorplayloudmusicwhenyou’reoutinnaturalenvironments.Itannoysboththeanimalsandhumans.Don’ttravelinlargegroupsasitmakesittroublesomeforothertravelerstomovearoundonthepaths.Theprinciplesabovecanhelpeveryonesharetheoutdoorscomfortably.Weallneedtotakecareoftheearthweknowandlove.A.Bekindtoothervisitors.B.Whatyoutakein,takeout.C.Butenjoyingnaturecomesataprice.D.Gettingtooclosecouldbedangerous.E.Thismeansmorethanjustdecidingwhichdaytogo.【答案】35.C36.E37.B38.D39.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要告诉读者在外旅游时，要学会保护环境，做到“无痕旅游”。【35题详解】根据下文“Peoplecanloveaplacetodeathiftheyaren’tcareful.(如果不小心，那些美景可能会因人类的偏爱而遭到毁灭性的破坏。)”可知，作者认为如果人们旅游时不小心，会破坏这个地方。选项C“Butenjoyingnaturecomesataprice.(但是享受自然是有代价的)”符合语境，说明享受自然要付出代价，与下文内容一致，代价可能会造成破坏。故选C。【36题详解】根据首句“Planahead.(提前计划)”可知，作者建议读者在旅游时要提前计划。再根据下文“Checktheweatherforecast,planwhatclothingtowear,andthinkaboutawatersupply.Also,checkthearea’srulesforuse.(查看天气预报，计划穿什么衣服，并考虑供水。此外，请查看该地区的旅游规则)”可知，下文提到了具体计划那些事务。选项E“Thismeansmorethanjustdecidingwhichdaytogo.(这不仅仅意味着决定哪一天去)”与下文内容一致，符合本段主要内容。故选E。【37题详解】根据上文“Throwawaywasteproperly.Neverleavegarbagebehind.Don’tleaveyourfoodwrappers,cansorleftovers.(合理丢弃废物。不要留下垃圾。不要留下你的食品包装纸、罐头或剩菜)”可知，在本段中，作者建议读者不要在旅游景点留下垃圾。选项B“Whatyoutakein,takeout.(带进去什么就带出来什么)”与上文内容一致，都建议读者不要留下垃圾。故选B。【38题详解】根据上文“Youshouldstayatleast100metersawayfromwildlife,soyoudon’tdisturbanyanimals.(你应该与野生动物保持至少100米的距离，这样你就不会打扰到任何动物)”可知，作者建议读者和野生动物保持一定的距离。选项D“Gettingtooclosecouldbedangerous.(离得太近可能会很危险)”与上文内容一致，也是建议读者要远离动物。故选D。【39题详解】空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Don’tmakeloudnoisesorplayloudmusicwhenyou’reoutinnaturalenvironments.Itannoysboththeanimalsandhumans.Don’ttravelinlargegroupsasitmakesittroublesomeforothertravelerstomovearoundonthepaths.(当你在自然环境中外出时，不要大声喧哗或播放大声的音乐。那会惹恼动物和人类。不要和一大群人一起旅行，因为这会给其他旅行者在路上走动带来麻烦)”可知，在本段中，作者建议读者要考虑其他旅行者的感受。选项A“Bekindtoothervisitors.(善待其他游客)”正是此意，为本段主要内容。故选A。第II卷(共35分)第四部分短文填空(共10小糖;每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。It’scommonknowledgethatmostpeoplelovebreakfast.Unfortunately,wehavealotofdifferenttypesofbreakfastsavailable,____40____makeschoosi