广东省揭阳市普宁市2021-2022学年高一下学期期末英语试题VIP

…………○…………内…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○…………学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________…………○…………外…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○……○…………内…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○…………学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________…………○…………外…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○…………试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页…………○…………内…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○…………※※请※※不※※要※※在※※装※※订※※线※※内※※答※※题※※…………○…………外…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○……○…………内…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○…………※※请※※不※※要※※在※※装※※订※※线※※内※※答※※题※※…………○…………外…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○…………试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页广东省揭阳市普宁市2021-2022学年高一下学期期末英语试题试卷副标题考试范围：xxx；考试时间：100分钟；命题人：xxx题号一二三四五六总分得分注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I卷（选择题）请点击修改第I卷的文字说明评卷人得分一、完形填空ThesonofMr.Smith,arichneighbor,usedtocometoseetheblacksmith(铁匠)everydayandforhoursandhourshewouldenjoyhimself____1____howheworked.“Youngman,whydon’tyoutryyourhandto____2____tomakeshoetacks(鞋钉)?”saidtheblacksmith.“Whoknows,oneday,itmaybeofusetoyou.”Thelazyboybegantoseewhathecoulddo.Butafteralittle____3____hefoundthathewasbecomingveryskilled(熟练的)andsoonhewasmakingsomeofthe____4____tacks.OldMr.Smithdiedandthesonlostallhis____5____becauseofthewar.Hehadto____6____homeandwasforcedtoliveinanothercountry.Itsohappenedthatinthis____7____thereweremanyshoemakerswhowerespendingalotof____8____tobuytacksfortheirshoesandevenattimeswhentheypaidhighpricestheywerenotalwaysableto____9____whattheywanted,becauseinthatpartofthecountrytherewasa_____10_____demandforsoldiers’shoes.YoungMr.Smith,whowasfindingit_____11_____toearnhisdailybread,rememberedthatonceuponatimehehadlearnedtheartofmakingtacksandhadthesudden_____12_____ofmakingabargainwiththeshoemakers.Hetoldthemthathewouldmakethetacksiftheywouldhelptogethim_____13_____hisworkshop.Theshoemakerswereonlytoogladofthe_____14_____.Andafterawhile,YoungMr.Smithfoundthathewassoonmakingthefinesttacksinthevillage.“_____15_____,”heusedtosay,“makingtackscanbringabigfortune.Mytradeismoreusefultomethanallmyformerfortune.”1．A．helping B．watching C．spotting D．ignoring2．A．reach B．break C．learn D．replace3．A．practice B．adventure C．hesitation D．operation4．A．finest B．worst C．longest D．shortest5．A．break B．shoes C．benefit D．goods6．A．return B．escape C．come D．leave7．A．village B．house C．city D．town8．A．money B．request C．economy D．emotion9．A．enjoy B．get C．pursue D．desire10．A．positive B．impossible C．tough D．high11．A．funny B．exciting C．difficult D．particular12．A．joy B．idea C．test D．choice13．A．satisfiedwith B．concernedabout C．settledin D．experiencedin14．A．help B．goal C．offer D．attitude15．A．Illegally B．Surprisingly C．Eventually D．Slowly第II卷（非选择题）请点击修改第II卷的文字说明评卷人得分二、阅读理解WherearePeopleTravelingThisSummer?Asummervacationshouldbethebesttravelofyouryear,anopportunitytoenjoysunshine,exploreexcitingnewdestinations,discovernewculturesandrelaxinfinerestaurants.Herearesomeofthewonderfulplacesyoucanflyforthissummervacation.Takealookatthemandconsiderwhichonesuitsyoubest.FlytoChicagoThereareplentyofreasonstofollowtheirexamplethissummerifyouarelookingforanexcitingcitybreak.VisitorsflocktoNavyPier,abustling1.5mile-longboardwalkthatisfulloffamily-friendlyattractions.FlytoLondonAtransatlantictriptothecapitaloftheUKbringsyoutoacitythatcombinesancienthistorywithalively,modernurbanculture.SummervisitorscanvisitBuckinghamPalace,hometotheQueen,theHousesofParliament,TowerofLondonandothernationalmonuments.FlytoOrlandoAtriptoOrlandothissummerbringsyoutoavacationwonderlandwithafantasticconcentrationoftouristattractions.ConsistentlyoneofthemostpopulardestinationsofthesummeritwillbeinthetoptentraveldestinationsforAmericansthisyear.Choosefromfamily-friendlyOrlandoresortsandthingstodothatincludeUniversalOrlandoResort,WaltDisneyWorldResortandSeaWorldOrlando.FlytoNewYorkSpendyoursummervacationcyclingaroundCentralPark,takingintheviewofManhattanfromtheferrytotheStatueofLibertyorenjoyingcraftbeerandeclecticcuisineinBrooklyn.Thesummerbringsmusicandfilmeventstomanyofthecity’spublicspaces,includingBryantPark,alongsidefoodeventslikeNYCRestaurantWeekattheendofJuly.16．FeelinglikevisitingBuckinghamPalace,whichplaceshouldyouflyto?A．Chicago B．London C．Orlando D．NewYork17．WhichofthefollowingcanNOTbedoneifyouflytoNewYork?A．CyclearoundCentralPark.B．TakeintheviewofManhattan.C．Choosefromfamily-friendlyOrlandoresorts.D．EnjoycraftbeerandeclecticcuisineinBrooklyn.18．Inwhichsectionofawebsitecanyoureadthetext?A．Citytoursandtips B．HobbiesoftheGermans.C．Lifearoundtheworld. D．Fashionontheearth.ParentseverywherearepraisingoneFloridamomaftersheshowedherdaughtertrueloveearlierthismonthinalessonaboutbeinggrateful.HaleyHasselwasshoppingforback-to-schoolsupplies.ShewantedtosurpriseherdaughterPresleighwithapencilcase,whichsheknewherdaughterwouldbehappyabout.Hasselwassurprised,however,whenherlittlegirlthrewthecaseinthegarbageandstormedintoherbedroom,slammingthedoorbehindher.“Sheyelled,‘That’sstupid.Everyoneinmyclasshasthat...Idon’twantitanymore!’”HasselexplainedinaFacebookpost.Hasselsaidshedidn’timmediatelyreactbecauseshewantedtodealwiththeangerproperly.“Sobythetimetherewasprobablysmokecomingoutofmyears,IwastryingreallyhardnottocompletelyloseitwiththiskidwhomIhaveworkedsohardtocompletelytakecareofonmyown,”shewrote.“IthoughtIhadalwaystaughthertobegratefulandknowhowluckyshewas,butsheneededasmallwakeupcall!”Hasselgrabbedaplasticsandwichbag,wrotePresleigh’snameonitandhandedittoher.“Itoldhertogetthepencilcaseoutofthetrashandthatwewouldgiveittoonewhosemommyanddaddydon’thavemoneyforanyschoolsuppliesorsomeonewhomaynotevenhaveamommyordaddy.”Shecontinued,“Iexplainedtohershe’snotentitledto（享有）anythingspecialandsheistakingforgrantedhowluckysheis.Sofornowshewillbeusingabagandwillpersonallybedeliveringtheniceboxtoachildthatcouldbenefitfromit.”19．WhatdidHassel’sdaughterdoaftershereceivedthepencilcase?A．Putitintoherbaghappily. B．Threwthecaseinthegarbage.C．SentHasselagiftinreturn. D．HuggedandkissedHassel.20．WhatcanweinferfromtheHassel’sexplanationsinaFacebookpost?A．Presleighwasastupid.B．Presleighhopedforsomethingspecial.C．Presleighhatedhermothersomuch.D．Presleighrefusedtoacceptanygiftthathermotherboughther.21．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“butsheneededasmallwakeupcal!”mean?A．Butsheneededtobuyhersomethingspecial.B．Butsheneededtocallherdaughtertowakeupeveryday.C．Butsheneededatimelyremindforherdaughtertobegrateful.D．Butsheneededtobuyheranalarmclocktowakeherupeveryday.22．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeHassel?A．Patientandcalm. B．Out-goingandactiveC．Funnyandbrave D．HardworkinganddeterminedTheRussia-Ukraineconflict(俄乌冲突)couldleadtoaglobalfoodcrisis(危机)thatwillhitdevelopingcountriesthehardest,UnitedNations(UN)Secretary-GeneralAntonioGuterreswarnedinStockholmonWednesday.TheRussia-Ukraineconflictiscreatingsufferingand“mustendnow,”Guterressaidatapressconferenceafterthemeeting.Healsocalledforswiftdecisionstoresolvethefoodcrisisthatcouldarisefromtheconflict,puttingdevelopingcountriesmostatrisk.Thesituationisfueling“aglobalcrisisforfood,energyandfinance”thatisaffecting“themostvulnerablepopulations,countriesandeconomies,”hewarned.“A“perfectstorm”isthreateningtodestroytheeconomiesofmanydevelopingcountries,”headded.ThefoodcrisiscannotberesolvedeffectivelyunlessRussia’sfertilizersandfoodproduction,andUkraine’sfoodproductioncanreachworldmarketsagain,heemphasized.AccordingtotheUNFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO),RussiaandUkrainearetheworld’slargestandfifth-largestwheatexporters,respectively(分别地).Together,theyprovide19percentoftheworld’sbarleysupply,14percentofwheatand4percentofcorn,makingupmorethanonethirdofglobalgrainexports.InUkraine,whichisknownasthebreadbasketofEurope,theconflicthasleftunharvestedwheatthatwasplantedmonthsago,whilecornsandsunflowerssown(播种)whentheconflictbrokeoutwereleftunfertilized.ItisestimatedthatUkraine’sgrainproductionmayfallbymorethan50percentinthecurrentseason.Moreover,Russiaistheleadingproduceroffertilizers,accountingfor13percentofglobalproduction.LimitingRussianfertilizerexportsduetotheUS’sanctions(制裁)hasledtoariseinglobalfertilizerprices.ThishasforcedfarmersinBrazil,theUnitedStatesandothermajoragriculturalcountriestoreducetheiruseoffertilizers,whichcouldaffectfutureharvests.23．WhatistheGuterres’attitudetowardsendingtheRussia-Ukraineconflict?A．Hesitant. B．Disagreed. C．Uncertain. D．Certain.24．Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph6?A．Foodcrisiswillbecomeabigworry.B．Priceswillbeabletochangeourfoodpatterns.C．Cornandwheatwillbethemostimportantfood.D．Theybothplayanimportantroleingrainexportsintheworld.25．WhichoneisNOTtheUkraine’sproblemscausedbytheRussia-Ukraineconflict.A．Theconflicthasleftunharvestedwheat.B．Cornsandsunflowerswereleftunfertilized.C．LimitingRussianfertilizerexportshasledtoariseinglobalfertilizerprices.D．Ukraine’sgrainproductionmayfallbymorethan50percentinthecurrentseason.26．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．HowtoSolvetheFoodCrisisEffectively.B．TheFoodCrisisCannotBeResolvedEffectively.C．CallsIncreaseforEndingtheRussia-Ukraineconflict.D．UNWarnsofPotentialGlobalFoodCrisisDuetoRussia-UkraineConflict.Ifyouthoughtrunningwasjustgreatforthebody,thenthinkagain.Scientistshavefoundthatthesportnotonlykeepspeoplefitbutalsoimprovesyourbrainpower(脑力).Theresearchfoundthatpeoplewhokeepfitaremorelikelytohavelargerbrains,bettermemoriesandclearerthinking.Theyalsofoundthatunfitpeopletendedtohavesmallerbrainsandreducedcognitiveskills.Thefindingsaddtoagrowingbodyofevidencewhichlinksexercisewithhelpingprotectthebrainagainstageing(老化)andalsohelpingitreplacedyingcells(死细胞).ThismightreducetheriskofmanyillnessesanddiseasessuchasAlzheimer’s.OneresearchpaperwithinitslatestissueseesscientistsatKentuckyUniversityputting30adultsaged59-69onatreadmill(跑步机).TheirheartandlungcapacitywasmeasuredandanMRIscannerwasusedtoassessthebloodflowtotheirbrains.Thosewhowerelessfithadsmallerbrainscomparedtothefittervolunteerswhohadlargerbrains.ScientistsinGermanyfollowed21adultsagedbetween60-77.Astheywentthroughathree-monthfitnessprogram,theysawimprovementsintheirmemory.Researchersarenotyetsurewhyexercisehelpstoprotectbraincellsbutsomeresearchinmicehasproducedresults.Mice,examinedattheNationalInstituteonAgeing,inBaltimore,foundthatcellsinthehippocampus(海马体),anareaofthebrainusedformemory,wereactivelyreproducingwhiletheirfatterpeerswereindecline.LindaClare,professorofclinicalpsychologyofageinganddementiaatExeterUniversityandamemberoftheGlobalCouncilonBrainHealthtoldTheSundayTimes:“Moderateintensityaerobic(有氧的)activitysuchaswalking,cyclingorrunningcanproducechangesinbrainstructureandfunction.”27．Whotendtohavelargerbrains,bettermemoriesandclearerthinking?A．Peoplewhoarehealthy. B．Peoplewhoarethin.C．Peoplewhoareunhealthy. D．Peoplewhoarefat.28．Whatdowelearnfromtheexperimentinparagraph3?A．Thosewhowerelessfithadlargerbrains.B．Thosewhowerefitterhadsmallerbrains.C．Exercisehelpspeopleimprovetheirmemory.D．Oldpeopledoingexerciseimprovememorybetterthanyoungpeople.29．AccordtoLindaClare,whatkindofactivitycanNOTproducechangesinbrainstructureandfunction?A．Walking. B．Singing.C．Cycling. D．Running.30．What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Totellyousportimprovesyourbrainpower.B．Tointroducesomegoodwaystokeephealthy.C．Toteachyouhowtobestspendtimeindoingsports.D．Tointroduceseveralwaystoimproveyourmemory.评卷人得分三、七选五HowtoKeepYourPetHealthyYouloveyourpets,andofcourse,youwanttokeepthemhappyandhealthy.It’simportanttoprovideagoodenvironment.Also,makesureyourpetsstayshealthy.____31____.____32____.Dietisthebeginningofkeepingyourpethealthy.Whenyoufirstgetapet,doyourresearchtofindoutthemostsuitabledietanddoyourbesttofollowitstrictly.Forexample,catsarecarnivores,sotrytopickthefoodwiththehighestlevelsofprotein.Provideplentyoffreshwatereveryday.____33____.Formostpets,thatmeansprovidingabowlordishofwaterthatyouchangeoutatleastonceaday.Petsneedtostayhydratedtobehealthy.Providebathsasneeded.Bathingkeepsyourpetclean,andforanimalsthatlikewater,itcanmakethemmuchhappiertoprovidebathsasneeded.Howoftenyoubatheyourpetreallydependsonthespecies.____34____.Otheranimals,likebirds,mayneedbathsorshowersseveraltimesaweekoreveneveryday.Seeyourveterinarian(兽医)foracheckupandvaccinations(接种疫苗).Justlikeyouneedtogotothedoctorforregularcheckups,yourpetdoes,too.Providingregularcheckupsallowsyourvettocatchproblemsearlybeforetheydevelopintoworseconditions.____35____.Talktoyourvetaboutwhichonesareproperforyourpet.A．ProvideasuitabledietB．ExerciseishealthyforyourpetC．HerearesomewaystokeepyourpetshealthyD．Forexample,dogsoftenneedbathsatleastonceamonthE．Besides,vaccinationscanhelpkeepyourpethappyandhealthyF．Nomatterwhatkindofpetyouhave,itwillneedwaterinsomeformG．Whileyourpetwillplaywithtoysonitsown,itwillenjoyplayingwithyoumuchmore评卷人得分四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThehomecrowderuptedwhenChina’sEileenGuwonthewomen’sbigairfreeskiinggoldinBeijing.Gu____36____(jump)intothetoppositionwithherthirdrun,scoring94.50.Hertotalscorewas188.25intheevent’sdebutattheWinterOlympics.Guisan18-year-oldgirl____37____isafreestyleskier,modelandgrade-Astudentwith____38____AmericanfatherandaChinesemother.ShegrewupintheUnitedStates.Itwastherethatshegrewtoloveskiing.By2018,shewasrepresentingtheUS____39____theworldcupforthesport.Then,shedecidedtoswitchfromrepresentingtheUStorepresentingChina.Thedecisionmadeherfanshockedand____40____(confuse),butGuwasdetermined,____41____(share)herreasoningonInstagramatthetime.“Thiswasan____42____(extreme)toughdecisionformetomake...Throughskiing,Ihopetounitepeople,promotecommonunderstanding,createcommunication,andforge____43____(friendship)betweennations...I’mtryingmybesttomaketheworlda____44____(good)placeinmyownway.”saidGu.“IfIcanhelptoinspireoneyounggirl_____45_____(break)aboundary,mywisheswillhavecometrue.”sheadded.评卷人得分五、邀请信46．假定你是李华，2022年9月10日，你市将举办中秋节文化活动。你校外教Abbott对中国传统文化很感兴趣，请你给他写一封信，邀请他一起来参加，内容包括：1.写信目的；2.活动时间和地点；3.活动内容和意义。注意：（1）词数80左右；（2）可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________评卷人得分六、读后续写47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Lastweek,asIwashavingbreakfastinmytruck,Inoticedaboy,sittingbytheroadwithhisdog.Hewasholdingasignaskingformoneyorfoodtohelpfeedhimandhisdog.Peopledrovepastignoringthem.WhenIfinishedmybreakfast,Idecidedtobuysomefoodforthem.AsIwasleaving,Ipulledupbesidehimandhandedhimabagofbreakfastandasmallbagofdogfood.Iaskedhimifhewouldbewillingtoworkhardforthepay.HeimmediatelysaidthathecouldbethehardestworkerIhadeverseen.Thenextdayhecarriedwoodaroundandfetchedtoolsformealldaywithoutcomplainingonce.Hisdogsimplyfollowedhim.DuringthedayIlearnedabouthissadexperiences.Whentheboywas15yearsold,hismotherbecamecriticallyill.Hisfather,whotookcareoftheboy’smother,couldnotgoouttowork,andthepoorboyhadtodropoutofschoolbecauseofbeingunabletoaffordhisschooltuition.Beingtooyoung,hefailedtofindajob.hehadtobegnearhishometohelphisparents.Amonthlater,Ipaidhim$2000,thelookonhisfacewaswellworthit.Myaimlessactofkindnessseemedtoputspark(活力)backinhiseyes.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右。2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。AfterthatIcontinuedtoofferhimsomeworkandpayhim._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Tearsofjoyfloodedtheboy’seyes.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页参考答案：1．B2．C3．A4．A5．D6．D7．A8．A9．B10．D11．C12．B13．C14．C15．B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了年轻的史密斯先生学会了一门做鞋钉的手艺，后来父亲去世，因为战争他失去了所有的东西，但是当他不得不离开家乡谋生时，他的这门手艺却给他带来了财富和惊喜。1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个富有的邻居史密斯先生的儿子过去每天都来看铁匠，一个小时又一个小时地看着他如何工作。A.helping帮助；B.watching观看；C.spotting发现；D.ignoring忽略。结合空格前的“everydayandforhoursandhours”和空格后的“howheworked”可知史密斯先生的儿子应该是“看”铁匠如何工作。故选B。2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：年轻人，你为什么不试试你的手来学做鞋钉？A.reach到达；B.break中断；C.learn学习；D.replace更换。结合空格前的“whydon’tyoutryyourhand”可知是铁匠询问年轻人为什么不学做鞋钉。故选C。3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但经过一点练习后，他发现自己变得非常熟练，很快他就开始制作一些最好的鞋钉。A.practice练习；B.adventure冒险；C.hesitation犹豫；D.operation操作。结合前文“Thelazyboybegantoseewhathecoulddo.”和后文“hefoundthathewasbecomingveryskilled”可知经过一点练习，他发现自己变得非常熟练。故选A。4．考查形容词最高级词义辨析。句意：但经过一点练习后，他发现自己变得非常熟练，很快他就开始制作一些最好的鞋钉。A.finest最好的；B.worst最差的；C.longest最长的；D.shortest最短的。结合前文“hefoundthathewasbecomingveryskilled”可知很快他就开始制作一些最好的鞋钉。故选A。5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于战争，老史密斯先生去世了，儿子失去了所有的财产。A.break休息，暂停；B.shoes鞋子；C.benefit利益；D.goods商品，私人财产。结合前文“OldMr.Smithdied”和空格后的“becauseofthewar”推断因为父亲去世和战争，儿子失去了所有的财产。故选D。6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不得不离家，被迫住在另一个国家。A.return返回；B.escape逃生；C.come来；D.leave离开。结合空格后句子“wasforcedtoliveinanothercountry”，可知是被迫离开家。故选D。7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：碰巧在这个村子里，有很多鞋匠花了很多钱买鞋钉，甚至有时他们付高价时，也不能总是得到他们想要的东西，因为在这个国家的那个地区，士兵的鞋子需求量很大。A.village村庄；B.house房屋；C.city城市；D.town城镇。根据14空后的“Andafterawhile,YoungMr.Smithfoundthathewassoonmakingthefinesttacksinthevillage.”可知village是同词复现，这里表示碰巧在这个村子里。故选A。8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：碰巧在这个村子里，有很多鞋匠正在花大量的钱买鞋钉，甚至有时他们付高价时，也不能总是得到他们想要的东西，因为在这个国家的那个地区，士兵的鞋子需求量很大。A.money金钱；B.request要求；C.economy经济；D.emotion情感。结合空格前的“spending”和空格后的“buytacks”推断是有很多鞋匠正在花大量的钱买鞋钉。故选A。9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧在这个村子里，有很多鞋匠正在花大量的钱买鞋钉，甚至有时他们付高价时，也不能总是得到他们想要的东西，因为在这个国家的那个地区，士兵的鞋子需求量很大。A.enjoy享受；B.get获得；C.pursue追求；D.desire期望。结合前文“evenattimeswhentheypaidhighpricestheywerenotalwaysableto”可以推断是有时花高价钱也不能得到他们想要的东西。故选B。10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：碰巧在这个村子里，有很多鞋匠正在花大量的钱买鞋钉，甚至有时他们付高价时，也不能总是得到他们想要的东西，因为在这个国家的那个地区，士兵的鞋子需求量很大。A.positive积极的，肯定的；B.impossible不可能的；C.tough坚韧的；D.high高的。结合前文提到有很多鞋匠正在花大量的钱买鞋钉，甚至有时他们付高价时，也不能总是得到鞋钉，可知用ahighdemandfor，意为“对……有高的需求”表示士兵的鞋子需求量很大。故选D。11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：年轻的史密斯先生发现每天都很难谋生，他记起了从前他学会了做鞋钉的手艺，突然想到要和鞋匠讨价还价的主意。A.funny有趣的；B.exciting令人兴奋的；C.difficult困难的；D.particular特别的。结合前文提到战争，人们花高价买鞋钉，可推断年轻的史密斯先生很难谋生。故选C。12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：年轻的史密斯先生发现每天都很难谋生，他记起了从前他学会了做鞋钉的手艺，突然想到要和鞋匠讨价还价的主意。A.joy快乐；B.idea想法；C.test测试；D.choice选择。结合空格前的“rememberedthatonceuponatimehehadlearnedtheartofmakingtacks”和空格后的“ofmakingabargainwiththeshoemakers”可知是他记起了从前他学会了做鞋钉的手艺，突然想到要和鞋匠讨价还价的主意。故选B。13．考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：他告诉他们，如果他们能帮他在他的车间安顿下来，他就做鞋钉。A.satisfiedwith对……满意；B.concernedabout对……关心；C.settledin定居，安顿下来；D.experiencedin在……经验丰富。结合空格后的宾语“hisworkshop”可知用settledin表示“安顿下来”符合题意。故选C。14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：鞋匠们对这个提议非常高兴。A.help帮助；B.goal目标；C.offer报价，主动提议；D.attitude态度。结合前文的“Hetoldthemthathewouldmakethetacksiftheywouldhelptogethim___13___hisworkshop.”可知是鞋匠们对这个提议非常高兴。故选C。15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“出人意料的是，”他常说，“做鞋钉可以带来很大的财富。我的生意对我来说比我以前所有的财富都有用。”A.Illegally非法地；B.Surprisingly令人惊讶地，出乎意料地；C.Eventually最终地；D.Slowly缓慢地。结合后文“makingtackscanbringabigfortune.Mytradeismoreusefultomethanallmyformerfortune.”可知做鞋钉能够带来巨大财富这件事是出人意料的。故选B。16．B17．C18．A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了适合暑假去旅行的一些城市。16．细节理解题。根据FlytoLondon部分“SummervisitorscanvisitBuckinghamPalace,hometotheQueen,theHousesofParliament,TowerofLondonandothernationalmonuments.(夏季游客可以参观白金汉宫、女王故居、议会大厦、伦敦塔和其他国家纪念馆)”可知，如果想参观白金汉宫，你应该飞往伦敦。故选B项。17．细节理解题。根据FlytoNewYork部分“SpendyoursummervacationcyclingaroundCentralPark,takingintheviewofManhattanfromtheferrytotheStatueofLibertyorenjoyingcraftbeerandeclecticcuisineinBrooklyn.(暑假期间，你可以在中央公园周围骑自行车，欣赏曼哈顿的景色，乘渡轮去自由女神像，或在布鲁克林品尝手工啤酒和各色美食)”可知，如果你飞到纽约，你可以在中央公园周围骑自行车、欣赏曼哈顿的景色并在布鲁克林享受手工啤酒和各种美食，文中没有提及选择家庭友好型奥兰多度假村。故选C项。18．推理判断题。根据第一段“Asummervacationshouldbethebesttravelofyouryear,anopportunitytoenjoysunshine,exploreexcitingnewdestinations,discovernewculturesandrelaxinfinerestaurants.Herearesomeofthewonderfulplacesyoucanflyforthissummervacation.(暑假应该是你一年中最好的旅行时间，是一个享受阳光、探索令人兴奋的新目的地、发现新文化和在高档餐馆放松的机会。这里有一些很棒的地方，你可以在这个暑假飞到那里去)”可知，本文主要介绍了适合暑假去旅行的一些城市，文章可能出自网站的城市旅游和建议部分。故选A项。19．B20．B21．C22．A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位母亲教育自己的孩子要知道感恩的故事。19．细节理解题。根据第一段“Hasselwassurprised,however,whenherlittlegirlthrewthecaseinthegarbageandstormedintoherbedroom,slammingthedoorbehindher.(然而，当她的小女儿把铅笔盒扔进垃圾桶，然后冲进卧室，把门重重地关上时，Hassel感到很惊讶。)”可知，Hassel的女儿在收到铅笔盒时，把铅笔盒扔进了垃圾桶。故选B。20．推理判断题。根据第二段““Sheyelled,‘That’sstupid.Everyoneinmyclasshasthat...Idon’twantitanymore!’”HasselexplainedinaFacebookpost.(“她喊道，‘这太愚蠢了。我班上每个人都有……我不想要了!’”Hassel在脸书上解释道。)”可推断，Hassel的女儿希望得到一些特别的东西。故选B。21．词句猜测题。划线句子的前一句““IthoughtIhadalwaystaughthertobegratefulandknowhowluckyshewas(我以为我一直教她要感恩，要知道她有多幸运，”)”可知，她一直觉得自己教育得很好，让孩子知道感恩，而女儿的这一反应让她很震惊也很失望。再根据下文“Shecontinued,“Iexplainedtohershe’snotentitledto（享有）anythingspecialandsheistakingforgrantedhowluckysheis.Sofornowshewillbeusingabagandwillpersonallybedeliveringtheniceboxtoachildthatcouldbenefitfromit.”(她继续说道：“我向她解释说，她没有权利享有任何特别的东西，也不应该认为自己的幸运是理所当然的。所以现在她需要用一个袋子，并亲自把这个漂亮的盒子送给可能从中受益的孩子。”)”可知，她觉得应该给孩子敲敲警钟，提提醒，让孩子要懂得感恩。故选C。22．推理判断题。根据第三段““Sobythetimetherewasprobablysmokecomingoutofmyears,IwastryingreallyhardnottocompletelyloseitwiththiskidwhomIhaveworkedsohardtocompletelytakecareofonmyown,”shewrote.(她写道：“所以当我火冒三丈的时候，我非常努力地不让自己完全失去对这个孩子的感情，我这么努力地要自己完全照顾这个孩子。”)”可推断她很有耐心；再根据第二段“Hasselsaidshedidn’timmediatelyreactbecauseshewantedtodealwiththeangerproperly.(Hassel说，她没有立即做出反应，因为她想恰当地应对愤怒。)”可推断，她遇事很冷静。故选A。23．D24．D25．C26．D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章强调俄乌冲突可能导致全球粮食危机，并分析了其原因和影响。23．推理判断题。根据第二段“TheRussia-Ukraineconflictiscreatingsufferingand“mustendnow,”Guterressaidatapressconferenceafterthemeeting.(古特雷斯在会后的新闻发布会上说，俄乌冲突正在造成痛苦，“现在必须结束”。)”，可知古特雷斯对结束俄乌冲突持肯定的态度。certain意为“肯定的，确定的，无疑的”符合题意。故选D。24．推理判断题。根据第六段“AccordingtotheUNFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO),RussiaandUkrainearetheworld’slargestandfifth-largestwheatexporters,respectively(分别地).Together,theyprovide19percentoftheworld’sbarleysupply,14percentofwheatand4percentofcorn,makingupmorethanonethirdofglobalgrainexports.(根据联合国粮食及农业组织（FAO），俄罗斯和乌克兰分别是世界上最大和第五大小麦出口国。加在一起，它们提供了全球19%的大麦供应、14%的小麦和4%的玉米，占全球粮食出口的三分之一以上。)”，可知俄罗斯和乌克兰都在世界粮食出口中发挥着重要作用。故选D。25．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“InUkraine,whichisknownasthebreadbasketofEurope,theconflicthasleftunharvestedwheatthatwasplantedmonthsago,whilecornsandsunflowerssown(播种)whentheconflictbrokeoutwereleftunfertilized.ItisestimatedthatUkraine’sgrainproductionmayfallbymorethan50percentinthecurrentseason.(在被称为欧洲粮仓的乌克兰，冲突导致数月前种植的小麦未经收割，而冲突爆发时播种的玉米和向日葵则未施肥。据估计，乌克兰的粮食产量在当前季节可能下降50%以上。)”，可知C选项（限制俄罗斯化肥出口导致全球化肥价格上涨。）不是俄乌冲突引起的乌克兰问题。故选C。26．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“TheRussia-Ukraineconflict(俄乌冲突)couldleadtoaglobalfoodcrisis(危机)thatwillhitdevelopingcountriesthehardest,UnitedNations(UN)Secretary-GeneralAntonioGuterreswarnedinStockholmonWednesday.(联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯周三在斯德哥尔摩警告说，俄罗斯-乌克兰冲突可能导致全球粮食危机，对发展中国家的打击最为严重。)”，结合本文随后分析了俄乌冲突可能导致全球粮食危机的原因和影响。可知D选项（联合国警告俄罗斯-乌克兰冲突可能引发全球粮食危机。）是适合本文的标题。故选D。27．A28．C29．B30．A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了运动不仅可以让人保持健康，还可以提高人们的脑力。27．细节理解题。根据第二段“Theresearchfoundthatpeoplewhokeepfitaremorelikelytohavelargerbrains,bettermemoriesandclearerthinking.(研究发现，保持健康的人更有可能拥有更大的大脑、更好的记忆力和更清晰的思维)”可知，健康的人可能拥有更大的大脑、更好的记忆力和更清晰的思维。故选A项。28．细节理解题。根据第三段“Astheywentthroughathree-monthfitnessprogram,theysawimprovementsintheirmemory.(当他们进行为期三个月的健身计划时，他们的记忆力有所改善)”可知，从实验中可以得知，锻炼有助于人们提高记忆力。故选C项。29．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Moderateintensityaerobicactivitysuchaswalking,cyclingorrunningcanproducechangesinbrainstructureandfunction.(中等强度的有氧运动，如步行、骑自行车或跑步，可以改变大脑结构和功能)”可知，步行、骑自行车或跑步可以改变大脑结构和功能，没有提及唱歌。故选B项。30．推理判断题。根据第一段“Scientistshavefoundthatthesportnotonlykeepspeoplefitbutalsoimprovesyourbrainpower.(科学家已经发现，这项运动不仅能让人保持健康，还能提高你的脑力)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了运动不仅可以让人保持健康，还可以提高人们的脑力，作者写作的目的