link-22-functional-architecture：链接22功能结构

LINK22PRESENTATIONCDRAntonioScarcigliaItalianRepresentativeToTheNILEPMODr.KevinBuckNILEProgramManagerINFORMATIONNOTRELEASEABLEFORCOMMERCIALUSEORBEYONDIMMEDIATEAUDIENCEWITHOUTPRIORPERMISSIONOFTHENILEPMOOUTLINELINK22BackgroundFunctionalArchitectureOperationalCharacteristicsTechnicalCharacteristicsLINK22On-The-AirTestLINK22BACKGROUNDOBJECTIVEOFTHENILEPROGRAMDesignaNewTacticalDataLinkSystem(Link22)ConsistingofaComputertoComputerDigitalDataLinkAmongTacticalDataSystemsEquippedShips,Submarines,AircraftandShoreSites,whichwillMeettheRequirementsoftheNATOStaffRequirement,Dated09March1990.REQUIREMENTSOperational:NATOStaffRequirement,RevisedMar90System,FunctionalandPerformance:NATOElementaryRequirementsDocument,12December94GOALSReplaceLink11(Eventually)ComplementLink16ImproveAlliedInteroperabilityEnhanceCommanders’War-fightingCapabilityLINK22BACKGROUND(Cont.)LINK22BACKGROUND(Cont.)TheLink22HasBeenDevelopedCollaborativelybySevenNationsUndertheAegisofaMemorandumofUnderstanding(MOU)SixoftheSevenNILENationsAreConductingTheIn-ServiceSupport(ISS)PhaseUnderaNewMOUThatCameIntoEffectonJuly2002TheCurrentISSMOUWillRemaininEffectforFive(5)Years,UntilJuly2007SpainHasAppliedtoJoinNILEUnitedStatesIsHostNationNILE/LINK22SCHEDULENATIONALLINK22PROGRAMSNATIONINSERVICEDATECANADA2006FRANCE2006GERMANY2006ITALY2006NETHERLANDS2007UNITEDKINGDOM2007UNITEDSTATES2006OUTLINELINK22BackgroundFunctionalArchitectureOperationalCharacteristicsTechnicalCharacteristicsLINK22On-The-AirTestLINK22FUNCTIONALARCHITECTURENILECommunicationsEquipment(NCE)Link22SystemLLCSNCDLPTDSRadioSPCSPCRadioSPCRadioSPCRadioMLTT&NRSNationalDevelopmentNationalDevelopmentNILEProductsNILEProductsLINK22FUNCTIONALARCHITECTURETacticalDataSystem(TDS)NationalDevelopmentActivityDataLinkProcessor(DLP)NationalDevelopmentActivity(BasedonCommonInteroperabilityRequirements)SystemNetworkController(SNC)DevelopmentComplete–SoftwareAvailableThroughNILEPMOandNILENationsLinkLevelCOMSECDevice(LLC)AvailableByDecember2003LLCSimulatorAvailableLINK22FUNCTIONALARCHITECTURENILECommunicationsEquipment(NCE)Link22SystemLLCSNCDLPTDSRadioSPCSPCRadioSPCRadioSPCRadioMLTT&NRSNationalDevelopmentNationalDevelopmentLINK22FUNCTIONALARCHITECTUREDataLinkProcessing(DLP)InterfaceswithNationalTDSServicesTacticalData(STANAG5522)ImplementsADatP-22ProceduresInterfaceswiththeSNCLINK22FUNCTIONALARCHITECTURENILECommunicationsEquipment(NCE)Link22SystemLLCSNCDLPTDSRadioSPCSPCRadioSPCRadioSPCRadioMLTT&NRSNationalDevelopmentNationalDevelopmentLINK22FUNCTIONALARCHITECTURESYSTEMNETWORKCONTROLLER(SNC)CommonSoftwareDevelopmentEnsuresInteroperabilityProvidesMessageDeliveryServiceProvidesNetworkManagementCapabilitiesviaManagementFunction(MF)PerformsDynamicTDMA,Relay&Routing,LateNetworkEntryInterfaces:DLPandLLCPortabletoStandardCOTSHardwareTestedinWinNT,HPUXandSolarisOperatingEnvironmentsLINK22FUNCTIONALARCHITECTURENILECommunicationsEquipment(NCE)Link22SystemLLCSNCDLPTDSRadioSPCSPCRadioSPCRadioSPCRadioMLTT&NRSNationalDevelopmentNationalDevelopmentLINK22FUNCTIONALARCHITECTURELINKLEVELCOMSEC(LLC)

ProvidesCommunicationsSecurity(COMSEC)DataIntegrityChecksumGuardsAgainstUndetectedMessageErrorsChipsetCommonalitywithLink-16EachLLCSupportsupto4NileNetworks(NN)UsingSameKEYSNCsupportsupto4LLCswithSame/DifferentKEYLINK22FUNCTIONALARCHITECTURENILECommunicationsEquipment(NCE)Link22SystemLLCSNCDLPTDSRadioSPCSPCRadioSPCRadioSPCRadioMLTT&NRSNationalDevelopmentNationalDevelopmentLINK22FUNCTIONALARCHITECTURESIGNALPROCESSINGCONTROLLER(SPC)NationalDevelopmentResponsibilityPerformsModulation/Demodulation,EDAC(ErrorDetectionandCorrection)andReceptionQualityAssessmentInterface:LLC,RadioandTimeOfDayStandardTODmustbeaccuratetowithin1millisecondofUTCTransmits/ReceivesData:HFFF@1493to4053bps STANAG-4539HFEPM@500to2200bps STANAG-4444UHFFF@12,667bps STANAG-4205UHFEPM@Classified STANAG-4372

LINK22FUNCTIONALARCHITECTURENILECommunicationsEquipment(NCE)Link22SystemLLCSNCDLPTDSRadioSPCSPCRadioSPCRadioSPCRadioMLTT&NRSNationalDevelopmentNationalDevelopmentLINK22FUNCTIONALARCHITECTURERADIOSYSTEMSHFFFandUHFFFUtilizeExistingLink11RadiosHFFF:3KHzUpperSidebandAudioPortonHFRadiosUHFFF:16Kbps(KY-58)PortonUHFRadiosHFEPMandUHFEPMRequireFrequencyHoppingRadioSystems:NationalDevelopmentResponsibilityLink22RequirementsIncorporatedintoEPMRadioSTANAGs(4444And4372)EPMRadiosrequireTransmissionSecurity(TRANSEC)DevicetoControlFrequencyHoppingPatternsEPMRadiosMayRequireInterfacetoTimeOfDayStandardOUTLINELINK22BackgroundFunctionalArchitectureOperationalCharacteristicsTechnicalCharacteristicsLINK22On-The-AirTestIMPROVEMENTOFLINK11Link22OvercomesTheFollowingLink11Limitations:LackofElectronicProtectionMeasures(EPM)InsufficientCapacityinTermsofTacticalMessageThroughputInsufficientRobustness(esp.RelianceonNCS)InsufficientErrorDetectionandCorrectionInflexibleandSlowDataLinkProceduresMessageStandardLimitationsLimitedRoutingLINK11OPERATIONVICELINK22DifferencesLink22HasNoNetControlStationLink11DoesNotDistiguishBetweenUrgentandRoutineInformationLink22HasBuiltInRelayCommonalitiesTheSameFrequencies(HFAndUHFFixedFrequency)TheSameRadios(HFAndUHFFF)That’sIt!Link22HasMoreInCommonWithLink16ThanLink11Link11RollCall6456646404NCS5604Multi-NetworkMulti-NetworkMembershipLINK22OPERATIONSNU15NU21NU19NU10NU24NU17NU9NU23NU20NU13NU14NU9NU16ISNU6NU11NU2NU2NU6NU9NU7NU12NU1NU3InterruptSlotNU5NU9NU17ISNU18NU26NU8NU16NU24NU7NU15NN1-HFNN2–HFEPMNN4–UHFEPMNN3-UHFMulti-MediaSNLINK22OPERATIONALCHARACTERISTICSKEYFEATURESDynamicTimeDivisionMultipleAccessDynamicCongestionManagementMulti-Media/Multi-NetworkRoutingandRelayMissionAreaSubNetworksLateNetworkEntryDynamicReconfiguration/InitializationTimeDivisionMultipleAccess(TDMA)NILEUnits(NUs)HavePre-assignedTimeSlotsInterruptSlotAvailableforInjectionofHighPriorityMessagesTimeSlotsCanbeDynamicallyExchangedorModified(DTDMA)LINK22OPERATIONALCHARACTERISTICSNU2NU7NU8NU3NU4NU6NU5NU1InterruptSlotNU3LINK22OPERATIONALCHARACTERISTICSTheGroupofallNUsisKnownastheSuperNetwork(SN)ASNCanConsistofaMaximumNumberof125NILEUnits(NU)SNConsistsofupto8NILENetworks(NN)ANUCanParticipateinupto4NNonSameMedia/DifferentMediaTheLink22MessageConsistsof72bitsEachTacticalMessageIsBasedonLink16

DataElements(STANAG5522)LINK22OPERATIONALCHARACTERISTICSDynamicCongestionManagementToomuchinformationfortheavailablecapacityAskformorecapacity(DTDMA)AsktheDLPformessagecancelauthorizationUsealternativerouteRevisetheamountofdatatobetransmittedLINK22OPERATIONALCHARACTERISTICSAutomaticRoutingandRelayControlofRelayersAvailableNN3NN1LINK22OPERATIONALCHARACTERISTICSUptoTwentyThree(23)MissionAreaSubNetworksMaybeEstablishedMASNsareanAddressingSchemeSUPERNETWORKNILENETWORK3NILENETWORK2NILENETWORK1MASN1MASN3MASN2LINK22OPERATIONALCHARACTERISTICSLateNetworkEntry(LNE)ThePurposeofLNEIstoAllowUnitsWhichWereNotPresentattheStartofaNN/SNtoJoinLNEisUsedwhenaNUisCompletelyNew,i.e.ItWasNotListedintheOptaskLinkMessage(OLM)and/orwhenMediaParametersHaveChangedFromThatintheOLMLNEIncludesNowa“SilentJoin”OptionthatAllowsaUnittoJointheNetworkWithoutMakingAnyTransmissionOperatorInputisMinimalConsideredtobeanAutomatedBackgroundActivityLINK22OPERATIONALCHARACTERISTICSDynamicReconfigurationEachNNcanbereconfigured:DTDMA(OnorOff)NetworkCycleStructure(NCS)TheSN/NNWillKeepOperatingDuringTheAboveReconfigurationsRe-InitializationNewNNscanbestartedafterSNInitializationEachNNcanchangeFrequency,WaveformandCryptoIntegrityModeNU1:CN=LOW AD=SHORTNU2:CN=MED-LOWAD=MED-SHORTNU3:CN=MED-LOWAD=MED-SHORTNU4:CN=MED-HIGHAD=MED-SHORTNETWORKCYCLESTRUCTURE

CASE123MSNCT=2.59secNU1:CN=HIGH AD=SHORTNU2:CN=MED-HIGHAD=MED-SHORTNU3:CN=MED-LOWAD=MED-LONGNU4:CN=LOWAD=LONGNETWORKCYCLESTRUCTURE

CASE230MSNCT=3.375secNCSCOMPUTATIONRESULTSNU#CNAD1LOWSHORT2MED-LOWMED-SHORT3MED-LOWMED-SHORT4MED-HIGHMED-SHORTNU#CNAD1HIGHSHORT2MED-HIGHMED-SHORT3MED-LOWMED-LONG4LOWLONG23MSNCT=2.59sec30MSNCT=3.375secLINK22OPERATIONALCHARACTERISTICSMultipleLink22NetworksSupplementLink16.Link22ExtendsMulti-mediaCommunicationCapabilitiestoHFandUHFFrequencyBands.Link22ProvidesEnhancedNetworkingCapabilities.Link22andLink16UtilizeCommonDataStructures.LINK22OPERATIONALCHARACTERISTICSMultipleLink22NetworksComplementLink16Link16IsPrimarilyanAAWDataLinkFrequentlyReliesonAirborneRelaysLink22,OriginallyDefinedasPrimarilyMaritime(ASW/ASUW),IsMoreaGeneralPurposeDataLinkExtendedSurfaceWaveandLongRangeSkyWaveHFShip-ShipRelayNetworkingExtendsConnectivity

Link22CanFreeupAdditionalCapacityforLink16Conversely,Link22IsEssentialforCarryingDatathatwillBe“PushedOff”ofLink16DuringHighIntensityConflictsLINK22OPERATIONALCHARACTERISTICSExtendsMulti-MediaCommunicationCapabilitiestoHFandUHFFrequencyBands:CostEffectiveUseofExistingLink11HFandUHFRadiosRelayingviaMultipleLink22NetworksRemainsAvailableWhenAirborneRelayUnavailableAlsoprovidesTime/Frequency/Angle-of-ArrivalDiversityAnti-jamcapabilityviaSTANAGCompliantHF-EPMandUHF-EPMRadios(optional)LINK22OPERATIONALCHARACTERISTICSLink22ProvidesEnhancedNetworkingCapabilitiesNodelessTDMA,ContinuestoOperateWithoutNetworkManagersEnhancedConnectivity,ViaAutomaticRoutingandRelayInterruptSlotstoReportHighPriorityMessagesOn-goingCapacityReallocationViaDynamicTDMAAutomatedOptimizationofTimeSlotAllocationsAutomatedLinkEstablishmentandRe-configurationAutomatedLateNetEntryLINK22OPERATIONALCHARACTERISTICSLink22andLink16UtilizeCommonDataStructures:MostareFJ-seriesMessages(SameasJ-Series)EfficientF-seriesMessagesUseManyCommonDataElementsCommonJU/NUandTrackNumber(TN)Schemes.SupportsParticipantLocationandIdentification(PLI)TracksSameGeodeticCoordinateSystemNoComplicatedLink16to/fromLink22DataTranslationsOUTLINELINK22BackgroundFunctionalArchitectureOperationalCharacteristicsTechnicalCharacteristicsLINK22On-The-AirTestLINK22TECHNICALCHARACTERISTICSMediaTypes:HFFF,HFEPM,UHFFFandUHFEPMCoverage:Upto1000nauticalmilesJamResistance: SignalProcessingwithErrorDetection

andCorrection,NetworkPacket

Encryption(COMSEC)andECM

resistance(TRANSEC)SystemErrorResistance:GoalofBitErrorRateinOrderof10-4Robustness:Non-nodal,RelayAvailable,MultipleSub-Nets andDynamicRouteSelectionMediumAccess:DynamicTimeDivisionMultipleAccess BLOSTACTICALDATALINKSLink-16LineofSightLink22UHFLOSJRELink22HFBLOSLink22Routing&RelayLINK22TECHNICALCHARACTERISTICSThroughput: HFFF (QPSKmax)31messages/sec (8PSKmax)45messages/sec UHFFF Approx150messages/sec(Multi-NetworkCapabilityMakesTheseNumbersBigger)UserDataRate: HFFF:1493–4053bps HFEPM:500–2200bps UHFFF:12667bps UHFEPM:ClassifiedIt’saGoodDataRateConsideringaNarrowBandwidth(W)andaNoisyChannel(ShannonTheoremTellsUsWhatistheBestWeCanDo)LINK22TECHNICALCHARACTERISTICSHFFF:6WaveformsQPSK/8PSK,RSCodingUHFFF:3Waveforms,16KbpsNRZFM,RSCodingHFEPM:4Waveforms,QPSK,DualRSCodingUHFEPM:4Waveforms,ConvolutionalCoding1/2,16KbpsNRZFMLINK22TECHNICALCHARACTERISTICS4DifferentModems,4DifferentRadioSystems,17DifferentWaveformsMakeTheLink22aGoodCustomerForJTRSTheModemAndTheRadioCanBeCombinedinaSoftwareRadioBasedSystemWithaCompleteNILEWaveformsLibraryLink22WithJTRSWillMakeEasierTheEnhancementofTheNILEWaveformsHOWIMPLEMENTLINK22INJ