2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit3Onthemove教学知识细解码教案外研版必修第二册

PAGE11-Unit3Onthemove1．surfv．冲浪→surfingn．冲浪(运动)2．representv．代表，表示→representationn．代表，描绘→representativen．代表adj.典型的，有代表性的3．basev．以……为基础→basisn．基础；依据→basicadj.基础的；依据的→basicallyadv.主要地，基本地4．equipv．装备，配备→equipmentn．装备，设备，用具5．defendv．(在竞赛中)防守，防卫→defencen．防守；防卫6．diev．死，死亡→deadadj.死的→deathn．死，死亡→dyingadj.快要死的1．representv．代表，表示；描述，描绘①Mr.Blackwaschosentorepresentthecompanyattheconference. 代表②ThispaintingrepresentsthefirstsettlersarrivinginAmerica. 描述，描绘③Thisessayrepresentsaconsiderableimprovementonyourrecentwork. 表明，表示2．goaln．球门；进球得分；目标，目的①Hewillkeepgoalinthefootballmatchtomorrow. 球门②Thecrowdcheeredwhenthehometeamscoredagoal. 进球得分③Youshouldsetyourselfagoalatthebeginningofeachschoolyear. 目标，目的WordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(学问要点1)representv．代表，表示，描述，描绘；意味着(教材P26)Talkaboutwhatyouthinkthesethingsrepresentinafootballgame.谈谈你认为这些东西在足球竞赛中代表什么。[例1]Theannual­ringsrepresenttheamountofwoodformedeachyear.年轮代表着每年生成的木材量。[例2]Thefiguresrepresentageneraldeclineinemployment.这些数字意味着就业人数总体在下降。[造句]地图上的红线表示铁路。Theredlinesonthemaprepresentrailways.[学问拓展](1)represent．．．with．．． 用……代表……represent．．．as．．． 把……描述成……representoneselfas 自称是……(2)representationn. 代表；描述representativen. 代表adj. 典型的，有代表性的berepresentativeof 代表……的[即学即练]单句语法填空①Thearticlerepresentsthemillionaireasasimplefamilyman.②Thisnovelisavividrepresentation(represent)ofthedarknessofthatperiod.③Thiscaseisrepresentativeoftheattitudesofthepolice.eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点2)basisn．基础；依据(教材P26)Thatfootballissuchasimplegametoplayisperhapsthebasisofitspopularity.足球是一项如此简洁的运动，这或许是它受欢迎的基础。[例1]Thebasisofheropinionissomethingshereadinthemagazine.她的看法的依据是从杂志里看来的。[例2]Thearticlewillformthebasisforourdiscussion.这篇文章将形成我们探讨的基础。[造句]我的理论是以牢靠的事实作为依据的。Mytheoryisestablishedonthesolidbasisoffacts.[学问拓展](1)onthebasisof 在……的基础上，依据……onaregularbasis 定期(2)basev. 以……为依据bebasedon 以……为基础[即学即练]单句语法填空①Don'tevaluateapersononthebasisofappearance.②Isuggestedthatwemeetonaregularbasistodiscusstheprogress.③Thenovelisbased(base)onhistoricalfacts.eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点3)equipmentn．装备，设备，用具(教材P26)Youdon'tneedexpensiveequipment;eventheballdoesn'thavetocostmuchmoney.你不须要昂贵的设备，甚至球也不须要花许多钱。[例1]Thegovernmenthasaninterestinbringinginnewequipment.政府对引进新设备特别感爱好。[例2]Withthemodernequipment，ourworkwasfinishedaheadoftime.有了现代设备，我们的工作提前完成了。[造句]试验室起火后，大量设备被损坏了。Afterafirebrokeoutinthelab，alotofequipmentwasdamaged.[学问拓展](1)apiece/setofequipment 一件/套设备(2)equipvt. 装备equip．．．with．．． 用……装备……beequippedwith 装备着……[即学即练]单句语法填空①Asstudents，weshouldequipourselveswithknowledge.②Ournewschoolisequipped(equip)withallthenecessariesinteaching.③Ihavebeenbusypreparingallthebrokenofficeequipment(equip)thesedays.[小片段助记]Ourschoolisequippedwithadvancedteachingequipment.eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点4)contentn．满足，满足；内容v．使满足，使满足adj.满足的，满足的(教材P26)Allovertheworldyoucanseekidsplayingtotheirhearts'contentwithaballmadeofplasticbags;justlikePelédidwhenhewasaboy.在世界各地，你都可以看到孩子们尽情地玩着一个由塑料袋做成的球，就像贝利小时候那样。[例1]Thisisagoodbookasfarasitscontentisconcerned.就内容来说，这是一本好书。[例2]Weshouldnevercontentourselveswithbookknowledgeonly.我们恒久不要仅仅满足于书本学问。[造句]我们可以在河里尽情地游泳。Wecanswimintherivertoourhearts'content.[学问拓展](1)toone'sheart'scontent 尽情地，心满足足地(2)contentoneselfwith 使自己满足于(3)becontentwithsth. 满足于某事becontenttodosth. 满足于做某事(4)contents 所含之物；(书的)书目[即学即练]单句语法填空①Shedroppedherpurseandthecontents(content)felloutonthefloor.②Asthereisnobutter，weshallhavetocontentourselveswithdrybread.③Myparentsarecontenttolive(live)inthecountryside，wheretheairiscleanandvegetablesarefresh.eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点5)defendv．(在竞赛中)防守，防卫；爱护，保卫；辩护(教材P26)Youdonothavetobeafantorecognisetheskillofprofessionalplayers—howtheyusetheirbodiestopass，scoreanddefendcanbeamazingtosee．．．你不必是一个球迷就能相识到职业球员的技术——看到他们如何利用身体传球、得分和防守是令人惊异的……[例1]Thebestwaytodefendistoattack.最好的防卫就是进攻。[例2]Wewilldefendourmotherlandtothelastdropofourblood.我们愿为保卫祖国流尽最终一滴血。[造句]无论付出什么样的代价，我们都要捍卫我们的城市。Weshalldefendourcity，whateverthecostmaybe.[学问拓展](1)defend．．．from/against．．． 爱护……免受……；保卫……抵挡……(2)defencen. 防卫；保卫；防卫物indefenceof 保卫……；为……辩护[即学即练]单句语法填空①Thewallwasbuilttodefendtheroadfrombeingwashed(wash)awaybythesea.②Whenhewasindanger，twofriendscametohisdefence(defend)．③Moreandmorewomentodayhavelearnedtoariseindefenceoftheirlegalrights.[小片段助记]Intimeofwar，lotsofmoneywillbespentondefenceandmanymeasureswillbetakentodefendacountryfrombeingattacked.eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点6)putdown放下；登记；镇压(教材P27)WorldWarⅠhadbrokenoutmonthsbefore，butBritishandGermansoldiersputdowntheirgunsandplayedfootballtogether．．．第一次世界大战在几个月前就爆发了，但是英国和德国的士兵放下他们的枪，一起踢足球……[例1]LetmeputdownyourtelephonenumberincaseIforgetit.让我登记你的电话号码以免遗忘。[例2]Theytriedtoputdowntherebellionbyforce.他们试图用暴力镇压叛乱。[造句]把那把刀子放下，以免伤人！Putdownthatknifebeforeyouhurtsomebody![学问拓展]putaway 把……收起来，储存putout 熄灭；扑灭；出版；生产putoff 推迟；延期putup 举起，张贴；供应(价格)；留宿某人putupwith 忍受[即学即练]单句语法填空①Don'tputofftilltomorrowwhatcanbedonetoday.②Putawaythetoolsafterwork，willyou?③Smokingisforbiddenhere.Pleaseputyourcigaretteout．④Maryisreallygoodattakingnotesinclass.Shecanputdownalmosteverywordherteachersays.eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点7)conflictn．武装冲突，战斗，斗争，冲突，冲突v．冲突，冲突，抵触(教材P27)．．．onemomentofpeacetorememberduringyearsofconflict.……这是多年冲突中值得纪念的和平常刻。[例1]Armedconflictmaybreakoutatanymoment.武装冲突有不堪一击之势。[例2]Thetwostoriesconflicted，soIdidnotknowwhattobelieve.两个故事相冲突，我不知道信任哪一个。[造句]两国间的冲突最终导致了一场斗争。Theconflictbetweenthetwocountriesfinallycausedawar.[学问拓展](1)armed/militaryconflict 武装/军事冲突comeintoconflictwith 与……发生冲突inconflictwith 与……相冲突(2)conflictwith 与……发生冲突[即学即练]单句语法填空①Sheoftencomesintoconflictwithhermother­in­law.②Shefoundherselfinconflictwithherparentsoverherfuturecareer.③Ifso，yourpointsofviewareboundtoconflictwithhis.eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点8)amatterof关乎……的事情(教材P27)Somepeoplebelievefootballisamatteroflifeanddeath，．．．有些人认为足球是关系重大的事情，……[例1]Itakethisseriously.It'samatterofprinciple.我对此很仔细。这是原则问题。[例2]It'samatterofluckwhetherwearesuccessful.我们是否胜利是碰运气的事。[造句]这是生死攸关的大事，不行掉以轻心。It'samatteroflifeanddeath，andwecan'ttreatitlightly.[学问拓展]amatterofopinion 看法(不同的)问题asamatteroffact 事实上asamatterofinterest 出于爱好tomakemattersworse 使状况更糟的是[即学即练]单句语法填空①Asamatteroffact，Iknownothingaboutthisbook.②Ilostmywayintheforest，andtomakemattersworse(bad)，itbecamedark.③Whetherornotheisanygoodasamanagerisamatterofopinion.SentencePatternseq\a\vs4\al(重点句式1)giventhat引导条件状语从句(教材P26)GiventhatNeilArmstrongwantedtotakeafootballtotheMoon，wecouldevensaythatitisalsothemostpopularsportoutofthisworld!考虑到尼尔·阿姆斯特朗想把足球带到月球上，我们甚至可以说它也是地球之外最受欢迎的运动！句式分析：giventhat意为“考虑到，鉴于，假如，倘如，只要”，用作连词引导条件状语从句。[例1]Giventhatyouhadverylittlehelp，Ithinkyoudidverywellunderthecircumstances.考虑到你帮手不多，我想在这种状况下，你已经干得不错了。[例2]Giventhatthereisnotrafficdelay，Iwillbethereontime.只要没有交通堵塞，我会按时到那儿。[造句]假如他能再一次得到机会的话，他确定会胜利的。Giventhathecangetanotherchance，hewillsurelysucceed.[学问拓展]与giventhat用法类似的还有：provided(that)．．．＝providing(that)．．． 倘如；在……状况/条件下suppose/supposing(that)．．． 倘如；在……状况/条件下[翻译]Youcanusetheroomproviding/provided/supposingthatyoukeepitcleanandtidy(只要你保持干净整齐)．[即学即练]单句语法填空①Iwillaccompanyyouprovided/providing(provide)thatIamwellenough.②Given(give)thathe'shadsixmonthstodothis，hehasn'tmademuchprogress.③Suppose/Supposing(suppose)thatwemissthetrain，whatshallwedo?eq\a\vs4\al(重点句式2)it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语(教材P28)Itisamazingtoseehowprofessionalplayersusetheirbodiestopass，scoreanddefend.看职业球员如何利用身体传球、得分和防守是令人惊异的。句式分析：Itisamazingtosee．．．是句式“Itis＋adj.＋todosth.”意为“做某事是……的”，其中it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语。[例1]Itisinterestingtolookatdifferencesbetweenschoolsindifferentcountries.了解不同国家的学校之间的差异是很好玩的。[例2]Itisnoteasytomakehimchangehismind.让他变更办法不简洁。[造句]在这么短的时间内完成这项工作很难。Itishardtofinishtheworkinsuchashorttime.[学问拓展](1)在Itis＋adj.＋forsb.todosth.句型中，形容词只能说明不定式所表示的行为的性质或特点，不能说明不定式动作的执行者。能用于该结构的形容词有：difficult，easy，hard，important，impossible，necessary，possible等。(2)在Itis＋adj.＋ofsb.todosth.句型中，形容词说明不定式逻辑主语的品德、性格、性质等，该句型通常可改为：sb.＋be＋adj.＋todosth.。能用于该结构的形容词有：nice，good，stupid，silly，careful等。(3)Itis＋n．＋todosth.做某事是……Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.某人花费某些时间做某事[翻译]①Sometimesit'snecessaryforchildrentomaketheirownchoices(孩子们有必要做出他们自己的选择)．②Itiscarelessofyoutomakesomanymistakes(你犯了这么多错误太马虎了)inyourcomposition.③It'sapleasuretotalkwithyou(和你谈话是件开心的事)．[即学即练]单句语法填空①Itismuchmoredifficulttojudge(judge)oneselfthantojudgeothers.②ItisnecessaryforustopractisespeakingEnglisheveryday.③Itwascrazyofyoutogoskatingonsuchthinice.④Ittookthemabouthalfanhourtoworkoutthedifficultmathsproblem.1．(教材P26)FootballasweknowittodaystartedinGreatBritain，wherethegamewasgivennewrules.分析：此句为主从复合句。FootballstartedinGreatBritain是句子的主干，其中asweknowittoday是as引导的定语从句修饰先行词Football；逗号后面为where引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词GreatBritain。译文：我们今日所知道的足球运动起源于英国，在那里竞赛被给予了新的规则。2．(教材P26)Thatfootballissuchasimplegametoplayisperhapsthebasisofitspopularity.分析：此句为主从复合句。Thatfootballissuchasimplegametoplay是that引导的主语从句，其中toplay为不定式作定语修饰game；后面的isperhapsthebasis．．．构成系表结构。译文：足球是一项特别简洁的运动，这或许是它受欢迎的基础。教材高考1.Talkaboutwhatyouthinkthesethingsrepresentinafootballgame.(2024·天津卷)Ifspecialclothesareused，theyshouldtrulyrepresentagivenperiod.2.Goalswerehungintheair.FootballasweknowittodaystartedinGreatBritain．．．(2024·全国卷Ⅱ)Motivationandgoalsettingarethetwosidesofsamecoin.3.Thatfootballissuchasimplegametoplayisperhapsthebasisofitspopularity.(2024·全国卷Ⅱ)“Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners，”hesays.4.Youdon'tneedexpensiveequipment;eventheballdoesn'thavetocostmuchmoney.(2024·江苏卷)．．．developingcountriestobuycomputerequipmentandInternetfacilities.5.Allovertheworldyoucanseekidsplayingtotheirhearts'contentwithaball．．．(2024·全国卷Ⅲ)Questionsaboutsubjectcontentaregenerallywelcomed.6.Anotherfactorbehindfootball'sglobalpopularityisthecreativityandexcitementonthefield.(2024·浙江卷)．．．accordingtoastudytobepublishedTuesdayandclimatechangeseemstobeamajorfactor(因素).7．．．.howtheyusetheirbodiestopass，scoreanddefendcanbeamazingtosee．．．(2024·浙江卷)．．．oneofStein'sjobsisdefendinganindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbag.8．．．.onemomentofpeacetorememberduringyearsofconflict.(2024·北京卷)．．．whoseobjectivesconflictwithourown，withtherealworldasthechessboard.9.Somepeoplebelievefootballisamatteroflifeanddeath，．．．(2024·天津卷)Shehadrequestedthecommunitytoturnitintoamuseumuponherdeath.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Notmanypeoplelovesurfing(surf)ontheInternet.2．Don'tbecontentwithsuchasmallsuccess.3．Acomputeristhemostimportantpieceofequipment(equip)youwillbuy.4．Ithinkweshouldconsiderthetwofactors(factor)abouttheproblem.5．Whatpointscanberaisedindefence(defend)ofthisargument?6．Ihavethehonorofbeingsentastheirrepresentative(represent)．7．Yourstatementisinconflictwiththerestoftheevidence.8．Somevideoshavebeenbannedonthebasisthattheyaretooviolent.9．It'simpossibleformetobe(be)therebeforeeight.10．Given(give)thatthecontractisstrictlycarriedout，wewillgiveyouanotherbiggercontract.Ⅱ.短语填空goback，beknownas，toone'sheart'scontent，endwith，what'smore，breakdown，take．．．forexample，breakout，putdown，amatterof1．Myinterestinstampcollectinggoesbacktomyschooldays.2．Sheisknownasasuccessfulsingerandcomposer.3．Thequalityoftheambulanceserviceisamatteroflifeanddeath.4．It'sausefulbook，andwhat'smore，notanexpensiveone.5．Notlongafterhisreturn，alocalwarbrokeoutnearhistown.6．Sheputdownthephone，sighed，an