Unit2Theuniversallanguage词汇讲解课件高中英语译林版（2020）选择性

XB1U2TheUniversalLanguage1.Composer/kəmˈpəʊzər/n.作曲家2.compose/kəmˈpəʊz/vt./vi.作曲、组成、撰写、使...镇静3.deserve/dɪˈzɜːv/vt.值得、应得4.tearapart使(关系密切的人)分离、分开5.pleasant/ˈplez.ənt/adj.令人愉快的，可喜的，友好的6.whisper/ˈwɪs.pər/vt./vi.耳语、低语、沙沙响n.悄悄话7.dramatic/drəˈmæt.ɪk/adj.激动人心的、引人注目的、突然的、戏剧的8.weep/wiːp/vt./vi.哭泣、流泪9.overcome/ˌəʊ.vəˈkʌm/vt.受到...的极大影响，克服，战胜10.sorrow/ˈsɒr.əʊ/n.悲伤、悲痛、伤心事1.Composer/kəmˈpəʊzər/n.作曲家Youcouldneverknowexactlywhatwasinthecomposer’shead.你永远不可能准确知道作曲家脑子里在想什么。派生词：composevt.作曲2.compose/kəmˈpəʊz/vt./vi.作曲、组成、撰写、使...镇静①

作曲Themusicwasspeciallycomposedforthefilm.这音乐是专门为该电影创作的。Hecomposedthispoemforhispet.他为宠物写了这首诗。②撰写Mylawyerisgoingtocomposealetterofcomplaint.我的律师要拟定一份投诉状。③组成*becomposedof...由...组成④使...镇静vt.Shefinallystoppedcryingandcomposedherself.她终于停止哭泣，安静了下来。3.deserve/dɪˈzɜːv/vt.值得、应得Afterallthathardwork,youdeserveaholiday.干了那么多活儿，你该休假了。Chrisdeservesourspecialthanksforallhisefforts.我们应该特别感谢克里斯所付出的心血。Ihopetheygetthepunishmenttheydeserve.我希望他们受到应有的惩罚。Theycertainlydeservedtowinthatgame.他们当然应该赢得那场比赛。deservedoingsth.=deservetobedone值得被...deservetodosth.值得去做某事4.tearapart使(关系密切的人)分离、分开tear-tore-tornAdogcanteararabbitapartinseconds.狗片刻就能把一只兔子撕烂。Theblasthadtornthebuildingapart.爆炸摧毁了该建筑。tearsth.intopieces把...撕得粉碎5.pleasant/ˈplez.ənt/adj.令人愉快的，可喜的，友好的，和善的apleasantclimate/smile/person宜人的气候／亲切的笑容／和气可爱的人Harolddidhisbesttobepleasanttotheoldman.哈罗德竭力和颜悦色地对待那位老人。Itwaspleasanttositdownafterstandingforhours.站了好几个小时后，能坐下来真让人感到舒坦。Itispleasanttodosth.做某事是令人愉快的派生词：unpleasantadj.令人不快的6.whisper/ˈwɪs.pər/vt./vi.耳语、低语、沙沙响n.悄悄话①

低语Sheleanedoverandwhisperedsomethinginhisear.她俯身对他耳语了些什么。②

悄悄话n.Iheardwhispersoutsidemyroom.我听见有人在我房间外窃窃私语。7.dramatic/drəˈmætɪk/adj.激动人心的、引人注目的、突然的、戏剧的adramaticchange/improvement戏剧性的变化／改善Wewatchedscenesofthedramaticrescueonthenews.我们在新闻中看到了惊心动魄的救援场面。派生词：draman.戏剧8.weep/wiːp/vt./vi.哭泣、流泪wept-weptPeopleinthestreetweptwithjoywhenpeacewasannounced.当宣布和平来临时，街上的人们喜极而泣。Hewepttearsofjoywhenheheardthenews.听到这个消息，他高兴得流泪了。9.overcome/ˌəʊ.vəˈkʌm/vt.受到...的极大影响，克服，解决，战胜overcome-overcame-overcameJuventusovercameAjaxinathrillinggame.在这场扣人心弦的比赛中，尤文图斯队战胜了阿贾克斯队。toovercome

difficulties/problems克服困难／难题Eventuallyshemanagedtoovercomehershynessinclass.她终于克服了上课时的羞怯。10.sorrow/ˈsɒr.əʊ/n.悲伤、悲痛、伤心事Thesorrowshefeltover/atthedeathofherpetwasalmosttoomuchtobear.她对宠物的去世悲痛万分，几乎难以承受。派生词：sorrowfuladj.悲伤的Translationexercise-11.那位著名的作曲家为电影创作了一首美妙的音乐。Thefamouscomposercreatedawonderfulpieceofmusicforthemovie.2.她花了几个小时来创作这首动人的钢琴曲。Shespenthourscomposingthetouchingpianopiece.3.他为这场胜利付出了很多努力，所以他确实值得这份荣誉。Heputinalotofeffortforthisvictory,sohetrulydeservesthehonor.4.他们的争吵几乎把友谊撕裂了。Theirargumentnearlytoreaparttheirfriendship.5.今天的天气非常宜人。Theweathertodayisverypleasant.6.她在朋友的耳边轻声细语，讲述了她的秘密。Shewhisperedinafriend’sear,sharinghersecret.7.电影的结尾非常戏剧化，让人印象深刻。Theendingofthemoviewasverydramaticandleftastrongimpression.8.他在告别(farewelln.)时忍不住流下了眼泪。Hecouldnothelpbutweepduringthefarewell.9.她克服了许多困难，最终实现了自己的梦想。Sheovercamemanydifficultiesandeventuallyachievedherdreams.10.宠物的离世给他带来了深深的悲伤。Thedeathofthepetbroughtdeepsorrow.1.transform/trænsˈfɔːm/vi./vt.使...变形，使...改观，使...转化2.forever/fəˈrevər/adv.永远、长久地、老是3.combine/kəmˈbaɪn/vt./vi.使...融合/结合/混合、合并4.relyon依赖、依靠、信任5.folk/fəʊk/adj.民间的、民俗的

n.（尤指某一群体或类型的）人们6.throwin额外赠送throw-threw-thrown7.forgoodmeasure额外地adv.8.surroundingsn.周围、环境9.guaranteen./vt.保证、担保10.adaptationn.改编本、适应11.consistof...由...组成11.transform/trænsˈfɔːm/vi./vt.使...变形，使...改观，使...转化Thereorganizationwilltransformtheentertainmentindustry.这次重组将使娱乐业大为改观。Wheneveracamerawaspointedather,Marilynwouldinstantlytransformherselfintoaradiantstar.每当摄像机对准她的时候，玛丽莲会立刻将自己变成一个耀眼的明星。transplantvt.transportvt./n.translatevt.派生词：transformationn.(彻底的)变化12.forever/fəˈrevər/adv.永远、长久地、老是①永远IlikethehousebutIdon’timagineI'lllivethereforever.我喜欢那栋房子，但是我想我不会在那里永远住下去。②长久地We'dbetterwalkabitquicker-it'sgoingtotakeforeverifwegoatthispace.我们最好走快一点儿——如果以这个速度走下去，我们得走很久。③老是She'sforevertellinghimshe'sgoingtoleavehimbutsheneveractuallydoes.她老是跟他说要离开他，但实际上从未那样做过。13.combine/kəmˈbaɪn/vt./vi.使(抽象或具体的事物)...融合/混合、兼顾Asawriter,hecombinedwitand/withpassion.作为一名作家，他既诙谐又不乏激情。Shemanagestosuccessfullycombinefamilylifeand/withacareer.她成功地兼顾了家庭和事业。combinesth.and/withsth.将...结合起来派生词：combinationn.组合、联合、结合体combinedadj.结合的combinedefforts共同的努力14.relyon依赖、依靠、信任Thesuccessofthisprojectreliesoneveryonemakinganeffort.这个项目的成功要靠每个人的努力。I'mrelyingonthegaragetofixthecarbytomorrow.我就指望修车厂能在明天之前修好我的车了。*rely/depend/countonsb.todosth.依赖某人去做某事派生词：reliableadj.可靠的unreliableadj.不可靠的15.folk/fəʊk/adj.民间的、民俗的

n.（尤指某一群体或类型的）人们adj.folkculture/story/art

民间文化/故事/民俗文化n.[C]Ordinaryfolkcan'taffordcarslikethat.普通人买不起那样的轿车。16.throwin额外赠送throw-threw-thrownWhenIboughtmynewglasses,theythrewinafreepairofprescriptionsunglasses.我买新眼镜时，他们额外免费赠送了一副处方太阳镜。throwsth.in=throwinsth.17.forgoodmeasure额外地adv.Theconcertwasexcellent-therewerelotsofwell-knownsongs,

withsomenewonesthrowninforgoodmeasure.音乐会很精彩——演唱了好多家喻户晓的名曲，此外还加演了一些新歌。18.surroundingsn.周围、环境Theyliveinverycomfortable/pleasantsurroundings.他们生活的环境很舒适／惬意。派生词:surroundvt.环绕Gwensatatherdesk,surroundedbybooksandpapers.格温坐在桌前，周围堆满了书和报纸。surroundingadj.周围的Theshopdrawscustomersfrommanysurroundingareas.这家商店吸引了来自许多周边地区的顾客。19.guaranteen.保证vt.确保、担保①保证n.Wealthisnoguaranteeofhappiness.财富并非幸福的保证。②确保、担保Talentaloneisn’tenoughtoguaranteesuccess.只有天赋是不能保证成功的。*guaranteetodosth.保证去做某事20.adaptationn.改编本、适应LastyearhestarredinthefilmadaptationofBillCronshaw’sbest-sellingnovel.去年他主演了那部由比尔•克朗肖的畅销小说改编的电影。派生词：adaptvt.使适应不同情况（或用途）;改装;改编Theplayhadbeenadaptedforchildren.这个剧本已被改编成儿童剧。Thegoodthingaboutchildrenisthattheyadaptveryeasilytonewenvironments.小孩的长处就是能够很容易地适应新环境。adaptoneselftodoingsth.adapttodoingsth.适应做某事21.consistof...由...组成、包含、包括TheteamconsistsoffourEuropeansandtwoAmericans.该队由四个欧洲人和两个美国人组成。类似表达：bemadeupof...=becomposedof...Translationexercise-21.这项新技术将彻底改变我们的生活方式。Thisnewtechnologywilltransformourwayoflife.2.她承诺会永远支持他。Shepromisedtosupporthimforever.3.我们需要把这些原料(ingredient)混合在一起才能制作蛋糕。Weneedtocombinetheseingredientstomakethecake.4.在这个项目中，我们必须依赖团队的每一个成员。Inthisproject,wemustrelyoneverymemberoftheteam.5.这首歌是由民间音乐家创作的。Thesongwascomposedbyfolkmusicians.Translationexercise6.购买这台电视时，商店还赠送了一台音响。WhenbuyingtheTV,thestorethrewinafreesoundsystem.7.我们在派对上额外多准备了一些小吃。Wepreparedextrasnacksforgoodmeasureattheparty.8.他们选择了一个风景优美的地方来建造房子。Theychoseasceniclocationtobuildtheirhousebecauseofthesurroundings.9.这部小说的改编电影在票房上取得了成功。Thefilmadaptationofthenovelwassuccessfulattheboxoffice.10.这个团队由五名成员组成，每个人都有不同的专长(expertise)。Theteamconsistsoffivemembers,eachwithdifferentexpertise.1.defendvt./vi.保护、防御、辩解2.getdowntodoingsth.开始认真对待某事3.suitableadj.合适的、适用的4.distantadj.遥远的、冷淡的5.starevi.（尤指惊讶、害怕或思考时）盯着看，凝视，注视6.breathn.呼吸的空气、一次吸入的空气量7.unusualadj.特别的、不寻常的8.sweepvt./vi.席卷、吹走sweep-swept-swept9.complicatedadj.复杂的、难懂的10.accompanyvt.陪同22.defendvt./vi.保护、防御、为...辩解;(抵御或击退外来的攻击)Howcanwedefendourhomelandifwedon'thaveanarmy?如果没有军队，我们怎能保护我们的家园？Theyarefightingtodefendtheirbeliefs.他们在为捍卫自己的信仰而战。I'mgoingtokaratelessonstolearnhowtodefendmyself.我要去参加空手道训练课，学习如何自我防卫。defendoneselfagainst...保护自身免受...的伤害派生词:defensen.保护、防御、辩护defensiveadj.防御性的对比：guardvt.守护、看守protectvt.保护（免受危险、伤害等）23.getdowntodoingsth.开始认真对待某事24.suitableadj.合适的、适用的Thefilmisnotsuitableforchildren.

besuitablefor...适合...这部电影不适宜儿童观看。派生词：suitvt.适合Thecitylifestyleseemstosuither-shelooksgreat.城市的生活方式似乎很适合她——她看起来气色非常好。（通常指颜色或衣服式样）适合，与…相称Youshouldwearmorered-itsuitsyou.你应该多穿红色的衣服——这个颜色很适合你。对比:fitvt.（服装或鞋子）大小适合某人25.distantadj.（距离）遥远的、（情感上）冷淡的①遥远的adistantcountry遥远的国家adistantrelative/cousin远房亲戚／表亲②冷淡的Sheseemedcoldanddistant.她似乎很冷漠，不容易接近。派生词：distancen.距离[C/U]26.starevi.（尤指惊讶、害怕或思考时）盯着看，凝视，注视Don'tstareatpeoplelikethat,it'srude.不要那样盯着人看，很不礼貌。glareatsb.怒视glanceatsb.扫视27.breathn.呼吸的空气、一次吸入的空气量、微量Herbreathsmelledofgarlic.她的嘴里有大蒜味。Heburstintotheroom,red-facedandoutofbreath.他冲进房间，满脸通红，气喘吁吁。Howlongcanyouholdyourbreathunderwater?在水下你能屏住呼吸多长时间？Thedoctortoldmetotakeadeepbreath.医生让我做深呼吸。派生词：breathevi.呼吸Theinstructortoldustobreatheindeeplyandthenbreatheoutslowly.教练让我们深吸气，然后缓慢吐气。28.unusualadj.特别的、不寻常的It'sunusualtohaveadultconversationlikethatwithsuchayoungchild.和这么小的孩子进行这么成人化的交谈，真不寻常。派生词：usualadj.通常的、惯常的Terrywas,asusual,slowtorespond.泰瑞一向反应迟钝。usuallyadv.往往Itisunusualforsb.todosth....是不同寻常的29.sweepvt./vi.席卷、吹走、风靡sweep-swept-sweptsweepthefloor扫地A1970sfashionrevivalissweepingEurope.20世纪70年代的时尚复苏潮流正风靡整个欧洲。Alargewavesweptawayhalfthesandcastle.一个巨浪卷走了沙堡的一半。30.complicatedadj.复杂的、难懂的Therulesarerathercomplicatedtofollow.这些规定遵守起来挺复杂的。近义词：complexadj.复杂的complicatevt.使...更复杂Theissueiscomplicatedbythefactthatavitaldocumentismissing.31.accompanyvt.陪同、配有ThecoursebooksareaccompaniedbyfourCDs.这些课本配有4张光盘。Wouldyoulikemetoaccompanyyoutoyourroom?我送你到房间去，好吗？派生词:companyn.陪伴[C/U]keepsb.company陪伴着某人Translationexercise-31.小猫用爪子(paw)保护自己的玩具。Thekittendefendeditstoywithitspaws.2.我们终于开始认真做起了那份超难的拼图。Wefinallygotdowntodoingthatsuperchallengingpuzzle.3.这件闪亮的披风(cape)真的非常适合在派对上炫耀。Thisshiningcapeisjustperfectforshowingoffattheparty.4.那只遥远的星星就像在和我们玩捉迷藏。Thatdistantstarseemslikeit'splayinghideandseekwithus.5.他盯着那只会说话的鹦鹉，简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。Hestaredatthetalkingparrot,hardlybelievinghiseyes.Translationexercise-36.清晨的空气如此清新，一口气就能让你感觉精神焕发。Themorningairissofreshthatonebreathcanmakeyoufeelrevitalized.7.看，那只穿着西装的狗真是太特别了！Look,thatdoginasuitistrulyunusual!8.那场风暴把我们的伞吹走了。Thestormsweptawayourumbrella.9.这个魔方(Cube)看起来复杂得像是外星人发明的。TheCubelooksascomplicatedasifitwereinventedbyaliens.10.他决定用吉他陪着她唱歌。Hedecidedtoaccompanyherwithhisguitar.1.expectationn.希望、预期2.remarkableadj.非凡的、奇异的、引人注目的3.enthusiasticadj.热情的、热心的4.giftedadj.有才华的5.reputationn.名誉6.predictionn.预言、预测7.depressvt.使抑郁、使沮丧8.upsetadj.使难过的

vt.使烦恼、搅乱upset-upset9.possessvt.具有(特质)；拥有、支配、控制10.abandonvt.中止、放弃11.desperateadj.绝望的、不惜冒险的12.upliftingadj.令人振奋的13.easen.容易、舒适、安逸

vt.使...宽慰14.variationn.变奏、变化、变更、变体32.expectationn.希望、预期Ihavehighexpectationsforthisjob.我对这份工作的期望值很高。派生词：expectvt.期待expectsb.todosth.期待某人去做某事liveuptoone’sexpectations达到某人的期望值

33.remarkableadj.非凡的、奇异的、引人注目的Hewasatrulyremarkableman.他确实是个了不起的人。派生词：remarkablyadv.不同寻常地、惊人地34.enthusiasticadj.热情的、热心的Youdon'tseemveryenthusiasticabouttheparty-don'tyouwanttogotonight?

beenthusiasticaboutsth.对...充满热情派生词：enthusiasm[C]n.巨大兴趣、热忱Oneofhisgreatestenthusiasmswasyoga.他最热衷的活动之一就是瑜伽。35.giftedadj.有才华的Schoolsoftenfailtomeettheneedsofgiftedchildren.学校常常不能满足特长生的发展要求。Hehasagiftforlanguages.[C]他有语言天赋。haveagift/talentforsth.在...有天赋begifted/talentedin...近义词：talentedadj.有才华的talentn.天赋[C]36.reputationn.名誉Hisreputationwasdestroyedwhenhewascaughtstealingsomemoney.他偷钱时被当场抓住，这使他声名扫地。haveareputationfor...以...而闻名Hehasareputationforbeingfunnyandcharming.他以风趣和富有魅力而闻名。37.predictionn.预言、预测[C]Pleasedon'taskmetomakeanypredictionsabouttomorrow'smeeting.请不要让我对明天的会议进行预测。派生词：predictvt./vi.预言、预料、预计Thehurricaneispredictedtoreachthecoasttomorrowmorning.飓风预计将于明天早晨登陆。38.depressvt.使抑郁、使沮丧Thisweatherdepressesme.这种天气让我感到心情忧郁。派生词：depressionn.忧郁、(经济)大萧条Iwasoverwhelmedbyfeelingsofdepression.我万念俱灰。depressedadj.沮丧的depressingadj.令人沮丧的Heisdepressedatthedepressingnews.39.upsetadj.使难过的vt.使烦恼、搅乱upset-upset①

使...难过的adj.Shewasveryupsettohearthatthepartyhadbeencancelled.听说聚会取消了，她很沮丧。beupsettodosth.对...感到沮丧②使烦恼vt.Itstillupsetshimwhenhethinksabouttheaccident.一想起那次事故他仍很恼火。upsettingadj.令人心烦意乱的Iamupsetattheupsettingnews.40.possessvt.具有(特质)；拥有、支配、控制Inthepasttherootofthisplantwasthoughttopossessmagicalpowers.过去这种植物的根被认为具有神奇的力量。派生词：possessionn.所有物、拥有Thepossessionoflargeamountsofmoneydoesnotensurehappiness.拥有大量金钱并不能保证一定会幸福。sb.isinpossessionofsth.某人拥有...41.abandonvt.中止、放弃Wehadtoabandonthecar.我们不得不弃车而去。Asababyhewasabandonedbyhismother.他在襁褓之中就被母亲遗弃了。Heabandonedhimselftohisemotions.他完全受自己情绪左右。派生词：abandonedadj.被遗弃的42.desperateadj.局势严峻的、极度渴望的、孤注一掷的①非常严重的Thesituationisdesperate-wehavenofood,verylittlewaterandnomedicalsupplies.②极端的、非常的Theearthquakesurvivorsareindesperateneedofhelp.地震幸存者亟需帮助。