山东省烟台市高二上学期11月期中学业水平诊断英语试题（含答案解析）

2024—2025学年度第一学期期中学业水平诊断高二英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，只交答题卡。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomaninvitethemantodo?A.Visitherstudio. B.Gotoaconcert. C.Haveabigmeal.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:IhaveaspareticketforthisSaturday’sconcert.Itwillbeheldnearyourstudio.Wouldyouliketogowithme?M:Sorry.I’vepromisedtohaveabigmealwithBill.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatseasonisit?A.Summer. B.Autumn. C.Winter.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Thishotweatherdoesn’tsuitme.Theaveragetemperatureis37degreesCelsiusthisweek.Ihopeautumncomessoon!M:Inevermindhowhotitis.Ijustcan’tworkwhenitistoocold.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthewomanfeel?A.Confused. B.Anxious. C.Tired.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Howisitgoing?W:Tobehonest,notgood.Ifeelexhaustedbecauseoftheheavyworkload.Ihavetocompletetworeportsatonce.M:Pooryou.Youshouldhavearestandpaymoreattentiontoyourhealth.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whereareprobablythespeakers?A.Inarestaurant. B.Inaclassroom. C.Inamovietheater.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:I’mreallyhungry.Iwanttobuyasandwichandthenwatchamovieafterschool.Howaboutyou?M:Ican’tthinkofanythingexceptthenextclass.Youknow,I’malwaysworriedaboutphysics.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Amatch. B.Ateacher. C.Ameeting.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Whattimewillyourtabletennisgamebeginthisafternoon?M:4:00p.m.I’vepreparedwellforit.Areyoucoming?W:I’mafraidIwillbealittlelate.Ihavetoattendaparent-teacherconferencethen.M:I’dbegladifyoucouldcome.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whereisthemannow?A.Athome. B.Inthehotel. C.Inthestore.7.Whatisthewomanlikelytodonext?A.Recommendsomeearrings. B.Buyagoldnecklace. C.Displayadiamondring.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】W:HowmayIhelpyou,sir?M:I’mlookingforananniversarygiftformywife.Canyourecommendsomething?W:Sure.Ithinkanecklacewouldbeagreatchoiceforsuchanoccasion.Howaboutthisgoldenone?M:Oh,mywifehasasimilarone.W:Thenwhataboutthisdiamondone?M:Wow,thisisexactlywhatI’mlookingfor.I’lltakeit.AndIwanttobuyapairofearringsformydaughter.Canyourecommendsomething?W:Ofcourse.Thisway,please…听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whydoesthemancallthewoman?A.Tovisithernewhouse. B.Toinvitehertoaparty. C.Toaskhertopreparedinner.9.Whatdayisittoday?A.Friday. B.Thursday. C.Wednesday.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates. B.Husbandandwife. C.Neighbors.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【解析】【原文】M:Susan,I’mcallingtoinviteyoutomyhousewarmingparty.W:Youmovedintothenewhouse?Congratulations!M:Yes,thanks.Iknowyou’rebusybutI’dlikeyoutocomethisFridayevening.W:I’dliketobutI’llhavetogotoabusinessdinnerthedayaftertomorrow.M:Youcancomehereafteryourdinner.Oryoucancomeearlierandyoudon’thavetostayforlong.W:Alright.I’llbethere.M:Good.I’mlookingforwardtoseeingyouagain.W:Me,too.Wehaven’tmeteachothersincewegraduatedfromcollege.M:Yes.Youcancomewithyourhusband.Ihaven’tmethimyet.W:Okay.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Bookapackagetour. B.Journeywithhim. C.Buyanewcar.12.Wheredidthewomanvisitlastyear?A.Florida. B.Nevada. C.California.13.Whatdoesthewomanexpecttodo?A.Playbeachvolleyball. B.Goforadrive. C.Gofishing.【答案】11.B12.C13.A【解析】【原文】W:Myannualleaveistendaysthisyear.I’dliketogotraveling,butIdon’tlikepackagetours.Theirschedulesareeventighterthanmyworkschedule.M:I’mgoingtotravel,too.YouknowI’vejustgotanewcar.Whatabouttravelingwithme?W:That’snice.Wheredoyouwanttogo?M:IwanttogotoCaliforniaorNevada.Whatdoyouthink?W:Well,ItraveledtoCalifornialastyear.AsforNevada,Idon’tthinkitisagoodplacetovisit.HowaboutFlorida?M:Soundsgreat!WecangofishingandwindsurfingthereW:Well,Iplantoenjoysunshineandwaves.AndI’mlookingforwardtoplayingbeachvolleyball.Whenwillwesetoff?M:Hmm…Howabouttomorrowafternoon?W:Thatwouldbeperfect.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.WhatisJennydoing?A.Havingarest. B.Preparingforexams. C.Takingnotes.15.WhichexamwillJennyhavenextweek?A.History. B.English. C.Chemistry.16.HowwillJennygettoschooltomorrow?A.Bybike. B.Onfoot. C.Bycar.17.Whatisthemanprobablygoingtodonext?A.Lookatsomequestions. B.Putonhisglasses. C.Turnonthelight.【答案】14.B15.A16.C17.A【解析】【原文】M:Whatareyoudoing,Jenny?W:I’mgoingovermynotes.I’llhavetwoexamstomorrow,soI’mtryingtoremembereverything.M:Isee.Allmyexamswillstartnextweek.W:Well,Ialsohaveahistoryexamnextweek.ButtomorrowIhavechemistryandEnglishexams.Mymotherwilldrivemetoschoolonmyexamdays,sothatIcancontinuerevisingonthewaytoschool.M:Iusuallywalktoschool,butIprefertorideabikeonmyexamdays.BecauseIwanttoarriveatschoolearlierthanusual.W:That’sgood.Iknowyouaregoodatchemistry.Canyouhelpmewithsomechemistryquestions?Ican’tunderstandthem.M:Alright.Letmesee.Oh,myeyesightispoorinlowlight.Ican’tevenseeverywellwithmyglasseson.W:I’llturnonthelight,soyoucanseethewordsclearly.M:Thankyou.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whatisthemostbasicbeforewriting?A.Targetreaders. B.Writingstyles. C.Writingpurposes.19.What’sthebenefitofthewritingoutline?A.Avoidinggoingoffthetopic.B.Obtainingasmuchinformationaspossible.C.Deliveringmessagesquicklyandeffectively.20.Whatisthefourthtipabout?A.Makingagoodsummary.B.Focusingonhowthewritingisreadout.C.Keepinginmindeverysentenceyouwrite.【答案】18.C19.C20.B【解析】【原文】M:Therearemanydifferenttypesofwriting,suchasessays,lettersandspeeches.Whateveryourreasonisandwhateveryourstyleis,therearesometipsthatwillhelpyouimproveyourwriting.Firstly,beclearaboutyourpurpose.Themostbasicquestiontoaskyourselfbeforeyoustartiswhyyouarewriting.Whateveryouwrite,keepyourpurposeinmindatalltimestoavoidgoingofftopic.Secondly,startwithanoutline.Fartoooftenpeoplewritewithoutanoutline.Whateveryouarewriting,creatingaclearoutlineisthefirststeptogettingyourmessageacrossquicklyandinthemosteffectiveway.Thirdly,writeforreaders,notforyourself.Youraiminwritingistocommunicateideasandinformationtootherpeople,andyoumustkeepthatinmindwitheverywordandsentenceyouwrite.Constantlyaskyourselfwhoyoureallywritetheinformationfor.Lastly,writefortheear,notfortheeye.Onceyou’vefinishedadraftofyourwriting,readitoutloud.You’llhearsomethingthatsoundsawkward.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASubmitaLocalEventtoDiscovertheBurgh’sCalendarDoyouwanttohostaneventinthePittsburghandgetthewordouttoreadersofDiscovertheBurgh?Ourcalendarisforyou!Welovesharingthebesteventswithourreaders,andeverydayDiscovertheBurghreceivesthousandsofvisitorslookingforthebestthingstosee,do,eat,andexperienceintheregion.In2023,welaunchedaneventcalendartofeaturethebesteventsgoingoninthecitytohelppromoteexperiencesbeyondthosethatwehavepersonallyreviewedsincefoundingthissite.Herecomerequirementsandpricingforhostinganeventonourcalendarbelow.RequirementsEventsmustfallintothetypeof“thingstodoinPittsburgh”.Ourcalendarisdesignedtogetreaderstoyoureventpageoverlistingeverypertinent(相关的)eventdetail.Informationthatissharedshouldincludeeventname,dates,locationandaphoto.Alleventsmusttakeplacewithinabout90minutesofdowntownPittsburghbycar.Submit(提交)anEventIt’srecommendedtosubmiteventsatleast30daysbeforethestartdatetoincreaseviews.Eventssubmittedwithlessthan72hoursbeforethestarttimemaybedeclined.GetintouchaboutsubmittinganeventonDiscovertheBurgh’seventcalendarbysendinganemailtodtbcalender@.PricingTocoverourtimeandmarketing,wechargesharesofaneventonDiscovertheBurgh’ssocialmediachannels.Ourpricingisasfollows:OneEvent:$50perlisting.ThreeormoreEvents:20%offperlisting.21.What’stheprimarypurposeoftheDiscovertheBurgh’scalendar?A.Todeveloptourism. B.Toofferjobopportunities.C.Topromotelocalactivities. D.ToshowcasePittsburgh’shistory.22.What’srequiredforaneventtobeincludedonthecalendar?A.ItmustbeheldinPittsburgh. B.Itmustinvolvejobapplication.C.Itmustcomewithpositivecontents. D.Itmustbesubmitted30daysinadvance.23.Howmuchdoesitcosttolistfoureventsonthecalendar?A.$120. B.$160. C.$200. D.$240.【答案】21.C22.A23.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了《DiscovertheBurgh》日历的功能、活动的要求和价格。【21题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段“Welovesharingthebesteventswithourreaders,andeverydayDiscovertheBurghreceivesthousandsofvisitorslookingforthebestthingstosee,do,eat,andexperienceintheregion.In2023,welaunchedaneventcalendartofeaturethebesteventsgoingoninthecitytohelppromoteexperiencesbeyondthosethatwehavepersonallyreviewedsincefoundingthissite.(我们喜欢与读者分享最好的活动信息，每天《DiscovertheBurgh》都会吸引成千上万的访客，他们寻找该地区最值得一看、一做、一尝和体验的事物。2023年，我们推出了活动日历，旨在展示城市中正在进行的最佳活动，帮助推广那些自网站成立以来我们尚未亲自评测过的体验。)”可知，《DiscovertheBurgh》的日历主要是为了推广当地的活动。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。由文章Requirements部分中“Alleventsmusttakeplacewithinabout90minutesofdowntownPittsburghbycar.(所有活动必须位于距离匹兹堡市中心约90分钟车程范围内。)”可知，活动必须在匹兹堡区域内。故选A。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据文章中Pricing部分中“OneEvent:$50perlisting.(单个活动：每个列表50美元。)”和“ThreeormoreEvents:20%offperlisting.(三个或以上活动：每个活动享有20%折扣。)”可知，在日历上列出四个活动要花50*4*(1-20%)=160(美元)。故选B。BCesareMencarinirecentlygraduatedfromhighschoolinEnglandwithexcellentgrades.Buthewasprobablymoreexcitedaboutthesuccesshehadthepreviousyear—buildingaworkingnuclearfusionreactor(核聚变反应堆)attheageof16.Fusionenergyiscreatedwhenhydrogenatoms“fuse”(融合)together.Manypeopleseefusionenergyastheperfectenergyforthefuture.Thefuel(燃料)neededforfusionreactionsischeap,andthere’splentyofit.Fusioncouldeasilyprovideenergywithverylittlepollution.Asachild,Cesarebecameinterestedinelectronics,andlearnedtoprogramcomputers.Whenhewasinhighschool,afterseeingavideoaboutsomeonebuildingafusionreactor,Cesaredecidedhewantedtobuildone,too.Initially,theschoolwasn’tsoexcitedabouttheidea.ButCesareworkedtopersuadehisteachers.Finally,afteracompletesafetyreview,andwithanextraadvisorofferingtohelpout,theschoolagreed.Cesarewasastrongstudent,butwhattroubledhimmostwasthathisregularclassesweren’tteachinghimhowtobuildafusionreactor.Tolearnthis,hespentcountlesshoursdoingresearch,lookingupinformationontheInternet,andwatchingvideos.Healsojoinedawebsitewherehegotadvicefromscientistswithmoreexperience.Stepbystep,workinglonghourswithhisphysicsteacherandhisadvisor,CesarebuiltthereactorandfinisheditlastJune.Overayearhaspassedsincethen.Cesarehascontinuedtoimprovethereactorbytrialanderror.He’soneoftheyoungeststudentstohavebuiltsuchanadvancedfusionreactor.ButforCesare,itwasn'tjustaboutthereactor.Itwasalsoaboutlearningbydoing,andaboutmakingconnectionswithotherpeopledoingsimilarthings.Nomatterwhichcollegehegoesto,he’llprobablycontinuetochangepeople’sideasabouthowmuchyoungpeoplecanachieve.24.Whatdoweknowaboutfusionenergy?A.Itcostsalottoproduce. B.It’srarelyavailable.C.Itfullysolvesenergyshortage. D.It’senvironmentallyfriendly.25.WhatledCesaretobuildafusionreactor?A.Insightintoprogrammingcomputers. B.Hischildhooddream.C.Inspirationfromastranger’sexperience. D.Encouragementfromteachers.26.WhatwasthebiggestchallengeforCesare?A.Helackedprofessionalknowledge. B.Hecouldn’tscreenoutexistingdanger.C.Hewasunabletofigureoutsomeconcepts. D.Hecouldn’tobtainenoughfundforresearch.27.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.CesareInventstheBestRenewableEnergy B.Studentof16BuildsNuclearFusionReactorC.BenefitsofScientificExperimentsinSchools D.Cesare’sOutstandingPerformanceafterClass【答案】24.D25.C26.A27.B【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了CesareMencarini在16岁时建造了一个核聚变反应堆，并且讲述了他建造这个反应堆的原因。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Fusioncouldeasilyprovideenergywithverylittlepollution(核聚变可以很容易地提供能源，几乎没有污染。)”可知，核聚变能源是环保的，故选D。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“Whenhewasinhighschool,afterseeingavideoaboutsomeonebuildingafusionreactor,Cesaredecidedhewantedtobuildone,too.(在他上高中的时候，看了一个关于建造核聚变反应堆的视频后，切萨雷决定他也要建造一个。)”可知，Cesare受到他人建造核聚变反应堆的启发，自己建立了一个。故选C。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Cesarewasastrongstudent,butwhattroubledhimmostwasthathisregularclassesweren’tteachinghimhowtobuildafusionreactor.(切萨雷是一个强壮的学生，但最让他困扰的是，他的常规课程没有教他如何建造一个聚变反应堆。)”可知，缺乏专业知识是他最大的挑战。故选A。【27题详解】主旨大意题。

根据文章第一段内容“CesareMencarinirecentlygraduatedfromhighschoolinEnglandwithexcellentgrades.Buthewasprobablymoreexcitedaboutthesuccesshehadthepreviousyear—buildingaworkingnuclearfusionreactor(核聚变反应堆)attheageof16.(切萨雷·门卡里尼最近以优异的成绩从英国的一所高中毕业。但更让他兴奋的可能是他在前一年所取得的成功——他在16岁时建造了一个可运行的核聚变反应堆。)”以及整体内容可以知道，文章主要讲述了16岁的学生Cesare建造核聚变反应堆的故事。因此推断B项“16岁的学生建造核聚变反应堆”为最佳标题。故选B。CWithmillionsofridersontheroad,China’sfooddeliveryindustryhaslongprideditselfonbeingabletoreacheverycornerofthecountry.Now,MeituanisevenofferingtodelivertakeouttotheGreatWall—droppedoffnotbyaworkeronanelectricbike,butbyadrone(无人机)slidingfromthesky.ForthemillionsoftouristswhovisittheGreatWalleachyear,thedronedeliveryserviceoffersanewlevelofconvenience.Visitorscannowordermealsanddrinksviatheirsmartphones,withdronesdeliveringtheirorderstotheirlocationsonthewall,whicheliminatestheneedfortouriststoleavetheirspots,allowingthemtofullyengageintheexperienceofvisitingtheGreatWallwithoutinterruptions.TheGreatWalldronerouteextendsfromanearbyhotelrooftoptoawatchtoweronthesouthernpartofBadaling,anareapreviouslyfreeofcommercial(商业的)facilities.“That’swheredronescanhelp,”YanYan,publicaffairsdirectorofMeituan’sdronebusiness,toldCCTV.“Throughdrones,wecanmaketripsthattake50minutesonfootinfiveminutesanddeliverheatreliefobjectsandemergencysuppliestovisitors.”Onceanorderisreceived,aMeituanworkerwillpickitupfromanearbystoreandbringittothehotelrooftop,whereitwillbeweighedandpackaged.Anoperatorthentiesthepackagetothedrone,whichwillflyonautopilottothewatchtower,whereanotherworkerwaitstoreceiveitandhandsitovertothecustomer.Thecompanywillinitiallyofferfreedeliverywhileitteststheservice,andclaimsthatpricingwillstaysimilartothatofregulardeliveriesafterward.Meituan’sdronedeliveryattheGreatWallisanotherexampleofhowdronetechnologycanbeusedforthelastmile.Theprogramcouldserveasamodelforsimilarservicesinothertourist-heavyorgeographicallychallenginglocationsworldwideandhaveapromisingfuture.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminates”inparagraph2mean?A.Ignores. B.Identifies. C.Satisfies. D.Removes.29.HowdoesYanYansoundaboutthedronedelivery?A.Critical. B.Doubtful. C.Approving. D.Unconcerned.30.WhatarethemainfeaturesofMeituan’sdronedeliveryserviceattheGreatWall?A.Convenientandinnovative. B.Pricybutdependable.C.Dangerousandtime-consuming. D.Traditionalbuthigh-cost.31Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytellus?A.Howthepackagesareattachedtothedrones. B.Howthedronedeliveryserviceiscarriedout.C.Howoperatorscontroltheroutesofthedrones. D.Howcustomers’orderinformationisreceived.【答案】28.D29.C30.A31.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了美团提供无人机送货服务，为长城上的游客提供便利。【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“ForthemillionsoftouristswhovisittheGreatWalleachyear,thedronedeliveryserviceoffersanewlevelofconvenience.(对于每年参观长城的数百万游客来说，无人机送货服务提供了一个新的便利水平)”；划线词上文“Visitorscannowordermealsanddrinksviatheirsmartphones,withdronesdeliveringtheirorderstotheirlocationsonthewall(游客现在可以通过智能手机点餐和饮料，无人机会把他们点的东西送到他们在长城上的位置)”以及后文“theneedfortouriststoleavetheirspots,allowingthemtofullyengageintheexperienceofvisitingtheGreatWallwithoutinterruptions(……离开景点的需要，让他们完全沉浸在游览长城的体验中，不受干扰)”可知，游客现在可以通过智能手机点餐和饮料，无人机会把他们点的东西送到他们在长城上的位置，这样就去除了离开景点的需要，让他们完全沉浸在游览长城的体验中，不受干扰。故划线词意思是“去除”。故选D。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段““That’swheredronescanhelp,”YanYan,publicaffairsdirectorofMeituan’sdronebusiness,toldCCTV.“Throughdrones,wecanmaketripsthattake50minutesonfootinfiveminutesanddeliverheatreliefobjectsandemergencysuppliestovisitors.”(“这就是无人机能帮上忙的地方，”美团无人机业务公共事务总监闫燕在接受中央电视台采访时表示。“通过无人机，我们可以在5分钟内完成步行50分钟的行程，并为游客提供散热物品和应急物资。”)”可知，燕燕支持无人机送货。故选C。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Now,MeituanisevenofferingtodelivertakeouttotheGreatWall—droppedoffnotbyaworkeronanelectricbike,butbyadrone(无人机)slidingfromthesky.(现在，美团甚至提供送外卖到长城的服务——不是由骑着电动自行车的工人送外卖，而是由一架从空中滑翔的无人机送外卖)”以及第二段“ForthemillionsoftouristswhovisittheGreatWalleachyear,thedronedeliveryserviceoffersanewlevelofconvenience.(对于每年参观长城的数百万游客来说，无人机送货服务提供了一个新的便利水平)”可知，美团长城无人机送货服务的主要特点是方便、创新。故选A。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Onceanorderisreceived,aMeituanworkerwillpickitupfromanearbystoreandbringittothehotelrooftop,whereitwillbeweighedandpackaged.Anoperatorthentiesthepackagetothedrone,whichwillflyonautopilottothewatchtower,whereanotherworkerwaitstoreceiveitandhandsitovertothecustomer.(一旦收到订单，美团的工作人员就会从附近的商店取货，送到酒店的屋顶，在那里称重和包装。然后一名操作人员将包裹绑在无人机上，无人机将自动飞行到瞭望塔，另一名工作人员等待接收并将其交给客户)”可知，第4段主要告诉我们无人机送货服务是如何进行的。故选B。DWorldover,peopleareincreasinglyconcernedaboutmakingdissertations(论文)usefulinpublichealthpolicy(政策)-making.Institutionsofhigherlearninghaveproducednumerousdissertationsthatwilladvancesocialservicesinsociety,includingbetter-informedhealthcare.However,therearehardlyanyreportslinkingproductionofdissertationsbystudentsattheseinstitutionstotheirapplicationinsociety.TheresearchersfromMakerereUniversityCollegeofHealthSciences(MakCHS)studiedwhetherandhowtheirpost-graduatestudents’dissertationswereusedinevidence-informedhealthpolicies(EIHP).Theresearchersmadeamultiple-casestudyofmaster’sstudents’dissertationsatMakCHSproducedbetween1996and2020.Theyappliedatheoreticalstructureandcontentanalysis(分析)tomaphowdissertationswereusedinpublicpolicydocuments.Theysortedcontentofdissertationsaccordingtosomehealth-relatedfileslikeMillenniumDevelopmentGoals.Overall,theresearchersfound16casesofdissertationuseinpolicy-relateddocumentsoutofatotal1172dissertations.Theyweremainlyusedinstrumentally,tooutlinetheproblem(loadofdiseaseorhealthcondition)andselectatreatmentoptionandrarelysymbolicallytojustifystrategiesalreadyselected.Themajorityofthecasesofdissertationusesolvedchildhealth,especiallyinfectiousdiseases.Acrucialobservationwastheuseofunprovedresultstoinformnewdirectionsinthepolicy-relateddocuments.Inonecaseofdissertationuse,thefindingsdidnotreachstatistical(统计学的)significancebutwerepooledtoincreasepowerandprecisionoftheeffectinthepolicy-relateddocument.Thereisevidencethatthedissertationsofpost-graduatestudentsatMakCHSarenowbeingusedinEIHPtoalimitedextent.Theresearchresultsprobablyunderratetheuseofdissertations,astheydon’tincludethedissertationsthatarenotdocumentedoraremoredifficulttoidentify.Futurestudiescouldemployapproachestostudythelocaluseofstudents’dissertationsfromMakCHSandotheruniversities,aswellasconsiderdoctoralstudents’dissertations.32.Whatphenomenonismentionedinparagraph1?A.Thepoorqualityofcurrentpublichealthservices.B.Thefinancialunsustainabilityofresearchinstitutions.C.Theunreliabilityofpost-graduatestudents’dissertations.D.Thedisconnectbetweenpapersandpublichealthpolicies.33.What’sparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Methodsofconductingtheresearch. B.Influencesofhealth-relatedresearch.C.Explanationsofglobalhealththeories. D.Achievementsmadebymaster’sstudents.34.Whatdoespolicy-relateddissertationusefocuson?A.Accuracyoftheadoptedstrategies. B.Exclusionofthenon-confirmatoryresults.C.Importanceofdatacollectionandanalysis. D.Healthissueoverviewandpropersolutions.35.Whatcanwelearnabouttheresearchconcerningdissertationuse?A.Itovervaluestheroleofpapers.B.Itdoesn’trecordpeople’sfeedback.C.Itfailstocoveralltheformsofdissertations.D.It’ssimplylimitedtothefieldofchilddevelopment.【答案】32.D33.A34.D35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了论文在公共卫生政策制定中的应用现状、挑战及未来研究方向。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Worldover,peopleareincreasinglyconcernedaboutmakingdissertations(论文)usefulinpublichealthpolicy(政策)-making.Institutionsofhigherlearninghaveproducednumerousdissertationsthatwilladvancesocialservicesinsociety,includingbetter-informedhealthcare.However,therearehardlyanyreportslinkingproductionofdissertationsbystudentsattheseinstitutionstotheirapplicationinsociety.(在世界各地，人们越来越关注论文在公共卫生决策中是否有用。高等院校已经发表了大量的论文，这些论文将促进社会服务，包括更知情的医疗保健。然而，几乎没有报告将这些机构学生的论文产出与它们在社会中的应用联系起来。)”可知，第1段提到的现象是论文与公共卫生政策之间的脱节。故选D。【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Theresearchersmadeamultiple-casestudyofmaster’sstudents’dissertationsatMakCHSproducedbetween1996and2020.Theyappliedatheoreticalstructureandcontentanalysis(分析)tomaphowdissertationswereusedinpublicpolicydocuments.Theysortedcontentofdissertationsaccordingtosomehealth-relatedfileslikeMillenniumDevelopmentGoals.(研究人员对1996年至2020年期间在加州大学洛杉矶分校发表的硕士生论文进行了多案例研究。他们运用理论结构和内容分析来描绘论文在公共政策文件中的使用情况。他们根据一些与健康相关的文件，如千年发展目标，对论文的内容进行分类。)”可知，第二段主要讲的是进行研究的方法。故选A。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theyweremainlyusedinstrumentally,tooutlinetheproblem(loadofdiseaseorhealthcondition)andselectatreatmentoptionandrarelysymbolicallytojustifystrategiesalreadyselected.(它们主要是工具性的，用于概述问题（疾病负荷或健康状况）并选择治疗方案，很少象征性地证明已经选择的策略是正确的。)”可知，政策相关论文使用的重点是健康问题概述和适当的解决方案。故选D。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Theresearchresultsprobablyunderratetheuseofdissertations,astheydon’tincludethedissertationsthatarenotdocumentedoraremoredifficulttoidentify.(研究结果可能低估了论文的使用，因为它们不包括没有记录或更难以识别的论文。)”可知，关于论文使用的研究，我们可以了解到的是论文没有涵盖所有形式的论文。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThePowerfulTechniquestoDevelopSelf-TrustWe’veallheardofself-confidenceandself-esteem(自尊),butjustwhatexactlyisself-trust?Actually,self-trustissimilartoself-relianceandwilleventuallycomedowntolikingyourself.___36___Testyourself.Thebestwaytorecoveryourself-trustistoputyourselftothetestandgiveyourselfthechancetoproveyourself.Youmightaswellspendsomemoretimealone.___37___Thisisoneofthereasonsthatmanypeoplewillgoontripsto“findthemselves”.Buildyourconfidence.Ifyoulackconfidence,thenagoodwaytofightagainstthatistoaddtoyoursetofskills.___38___Asyoudo,you’llgiveyourselfsomethingnewtofeelgoodaboutandyou’llbebroadeningyourcapabilities.___39___Totrustyourself,youshouldtrytoknowpreciselywhatitisthatyouwanttocomplete.Andyoucan’ttherebyignoreallthethingsthatdon’tmattertoyou.Whenyoulearntodothat,youcaninturnmakesurethatyou’reconcentratingontherightthingsandmakingprogress.Spendtimewithfriendsandfamilywhobelieveinyou.Surroundingyourselfwithothermorepositivepeoplebenefitsyoualot.___40___Thusyouwillbuildtheconfidenceyouhaveinyourself.A.Makefullpreparations.B.Definewhatyouwanttoachieve.C.Doyoubelieveyoucantakecareofthingsaround?D.Theywilltrustyouunconditionallyandgiveyouwarmth.E.Butifyou’velostfaith,howcanyougetbacktothatpoint?F.Findahobbyyoufeelgiftedatandspendtimedevelopingthat.G.You’llbesurprisedathowwellyoucanmanageasafishoutofwater.【答案】36.E37.G38.F39.B40.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是培养自信的有力技巧。【36题详解】空前“We’veallheardofself-confidenceandself-esteem(自尊),butjustwhatexactlyisself-trust?Actually,self-trustissimilartoself-relianceandwilleventuallycomedowntolikingyourself.(我们都听说过自信和自尊，但自信到底是什么呢？事实上，自信与自立相似，最终会归结为喜欢自己。)”说明了什么是自信，由下一段“Thebestwaytorecoveryourself-trustistoputyourselftothetestandgiveyourselfthechancetoproveyourself.(恢复自信的最好方法就是考验自己，给自己证明自己的机会。)”可知，下文要讲如何恢复自信，因此空格处应该说如果失去自信会有什么后果，为下文讲恢复自信做好铺垫，E选项“Butifyou’velostfaith,howcanyougetbacktothatpoint?(但如果你失去了信心，你怎么能回到那一点呢？)”说明了失去自信会带来的不好的结果，因此承上启下，符合语境。故选E。【37题详解】空前“Youmightaswellspendsomemoretimealone.(你还是多花点时间独处吧。)”说明了要花点时间独处，空格处应该说这么做会有什么好处，G选项“You’llbesurprisedathowwellyoucanmanageasafishoutofwater.(你会发现，即使独处，你也能够应对自如，这会让你感到惊讶。)”说明了花点时间独处会带来什么好处，因此承接上文，符合语境。故选G。【38题详解】空前“Ifyoulackconfidence,thenagoodwaytofightagainstthatistoaddtoyoursetofskills.(如果你缺乏自信，那么对抗它的一个好方法就是增加你的技能。)”说明了找回自信的一个方法是增加技能，F选项“Findahobbyyoufeelgiftedatandspendtimedevelopingthat.(找一个你觉得有天赋的爱好，然后花时间培养它。)”说明的是要培养自己有天赋的爱好，也就是增加自己的技能，因此承接上文，符合语境。故选F。【39题详解】空格处是本段主旨句，由空后“Totrustyourself,youshouldtrytoknowpreciselywhatitisthatyouwanttocomplete.(要相信自己，你应该试着确切地知道你想要完成的是什么。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要弄清楚自己想要完成的事情，B选项“Definewhatyouwanttoachieve.(明确你想要达到的目标。)”也就是要搞清楚自己想要完成的事情，概括了本段主要内容，可作为本段主旨句。故选B。【40题详解】空前“Spendtimewithfriendsandfamilywhobelieveinyou.Surroundingyourselfwithothermorepositivepeoplebenefitsyoualot.(花时间与信任你的朋友和家人在一起。和更积极的人在一起会让你受益匪浅。)”说明了要和信任你