翻译三级笔译综合能力分类模拟题15

翻译三级笔译综合能力分类模拟题15Ⅰ.Grammar:TenseA、MultipleChoices1.

"Bobmustbeverywealthy."

"Yes.He_____（江南博哥）_moreinonedaythanIdoinaweek."A.hasbeenearnedB.hadearnedC.earnsD.hasearnings正确答案：C

2.

Shegavemethatnotebookonmybirthday,andI______itinmydrawer.A.havesincekeptB.sincekeptC.amsincekeepingD.hadsincekept正确答案：A

3.

"Itisgoodtoseeyouagain,Peter.""Thishasbeenourfirstchancetovisitsince______fromThailand."A.youreturnB.youreturnedC.youhavereturnedD.returning正确答案：B

4.

You______yourbooksabout.A.constantlyleaveB.areconstantlyleavingC.constantlyleftD.haveconstantlyleft正确答案：B此句用进行时表示对对方经常性行为的抱怨。

5.

Eventhoughthey______fortwentyyears,thetwoneighborsarenotveryfriendly.A.havingbeenlivedsidebysideB.hasbeenlivingsidebysideC.havebeenlivingsidebysideD.havingbeenlivingsidebyside正确答案：C

6.

"Myfatherwillbeheretomorrow.""Oh,Ithoughtthathe______today."A.wascomingB.iscomingC.willcomeD.comes正确答案：A

7.

"WasthedrivingpleasantwhenyouvacationedinMexicolastsummer?""No,it______forfourdayswhenwearrived,sotheroadswereverymuddy."A.wasrainingB.wouldberainingC.hadbeenrainingD.haverained正确答案：C

8.

"Washestudyingforanexamination?""Yes,he's______itnextweek."A.doingB.totakeC.makingD.togive正确答案：B

9.

Iwouldhavegonetovisithiminthehospitalhaditbeenallpossible,butI______fullyoccupiedthewholeoflastweek.A.wereB.hadbeenC.havebeenD.was正确答案：D

10.

Greateffortstoincreaseagriculturalproductionmustbemadeiffoodshortage______avoided.A.istobeB.canbeC.willbeD.hasbeen正确答案：A

11.

Theywillhavetodecidewhattodoabouttheenergycrisisbeforetheoil______.A.isrunoutB.willberunoutC.runsoutD.willrunout正确答案：C

12.

Youwillhardlybelieveit,butthisisthethirdtimetonightsomeone______me.A.telephonedB.hastelephonedC.telephonesD.shouldtelephone正确答案：B

13.

Thecompany______ariseinsalaryforages,butnothinghashappenedyet.A.ispromisedB.ispromisingC.hasbeenpromisingD.promised正确答案：C

14.

"Thepossibilityofafloodwasjustreportedovertheradio.""Iknow.Iheardaboutit.Theriver______thetopofitsbank."A.wasreachedB.reachingC.hadbeenreachedD.hasreached正确答案：D

15.

ItwasnotuntilthenthatIcametorealizethatknowledge______onlyfrompractice.A.hadcomeB.hascomeC.cameD.comes正确答案：D一般现在时用于对真理性事实的表述。

16.

He______,butIdivedinandrescuedhim.A.wasdrowningB.haddrownedC.drownedD.hadbeendrowned正确答案：A

17.

Itisreportedthatbytheendofthismonththeoutputofcementinthefactory______byabout10%.A.willhaverisenB.hasrisenC.willberisingD.hasbeenrising正确答案：A

18.

"DidyouexpectFranktocometotheparty?"

"No,butIhadhoped______."A.himcomingB.thathecomesC.thathewouldcomeD.himto正确答案：C

19.

Thestudents______busilywhenMissBrownwenttogetthebookshe______intheoffice.A.hadwrittenleftB.werewritinghasleftC.hadwrittenhadleftD.werewritinghadleft正确答案：D

20.

I______tosendhimatelegramtocongratulatehimonhismarriage,butIdidn'tmanageit.A.hopeB.hopedC.havehopedD.hadhoped正确答案：D

21.

"WhatwereyoudoingwhenAnnaphonedyou?"

"Ihadjustfinishedmyworkand______totakeabath."A.startingB.tostartC.havestartedD.wasstarting正确答案：D

22.

ThroughouttheUnitedStates,cityresidentsnowsufferfromfarmoreviolenceandjuveniledelinquencythanthey______adecadeago.A.didB.woulddoC.haddoneD.weredoing正确答案：A

23.

Insteadoftryingtoimitaterealityintheirworks,manyartistsoftheearlytwentiethcentury______torevealtheirfeelingsandideasinabstractart.A.beganB.hadbegunC.beginningD.havebegun正确答案：A

24.

Todaymoreandmorepeoplearebecomingconcernedaboutthewaynature______.A.ruinsB.isruinedC.isbeingruinedD.isruining正确答案：C

25.

WhenIlastsawMary,she______tohernextclassontheothersideofthecampusanddidn'thavetimetotalk.A.hurriesB.hurriedC.ishurryingD.washurrying正确答案：D

26.

Irene______NewHampshirein1976and______inVirginiasincethen.A.leftworkedB.haslefthasworkedC.lefthasworkedD.hasleftworked正确答案：C

27.

"SarahleftforOhiothismorning.""Oh,Ithoughtshe______untilnextweek."A.won'tbegoingB.isn'tgoingC.wasn'tgoingD.hadn'tbeengoing正确答案：C

28.

"Examswillstartinaweek.""Iknow,I______allnextweekend."A.willbestudyingB.studyC.studiedD.havebeenstudying正确答案：A

29.

"Areyougoingtothemoviestonight?"

"Yes.BythenI______mywork."A.finishedB.willfinishC.finishD.willhavefinished正确答案：D

30.

"Willyoupaymenow?""I'llpayfortheapplesonthedayyou______them."A.willdeliverB.woulddeliverC.deliveredD.deliver正确答案：D

B、ErrorCorrection1.

TheconveniencesthatAmericansdesirereflectednotsomuchaleisurelylifestyleasabusylifestyleinwhichevenminutesoftimearetoovaluabletobewasted.正确答案：reflected→reflect

2.

IdecidedtogotothelibraryassoonasIfinishedwhatIdid.正确答案：did→wasdoing

3.

Ifcitynoisesarenotkeptfromincreasing,peoplehavetoshouttobeheardevenatthedinnertable20yearsfromnow.正确答案：haveto→willhaveto

4.

IfthepopulationoftheEarthgoesonincreasingatitspresentrate,bythemiddleofthe21stcentury,wewilluseupalltheoilthatdrivesourcars.正确答案：willuseup→willhaveusedup

5.

Biologistsarepredictingthattheyhavebeenabletoaltergenesandcontrolheredity.正确答案：havebeenable→willbeable

6.

Theadultmosquitousuallylivesforaboutthirtydays,althoughthelifespanvariedwidelywithtemperature,humidity,andotherfactorsoftheenvironment.正确答案：varied→varies

7.

MariaMartinez,aPuebloIndian,rediscoveredtheancientartofpuebloblackpotteryand,byteachingtheprocesstofamilyandfriends,developalucrativebusiness.正确答案：develop→developed

8.

IwouldliketogotovisitthatbeautifullakebutIcouldn'tgetintouchwithyouwhileIamnowinShanghai.正确答案：couldn't→can't

9.

OberlinCollegeawardsdegreestobothsexesasearlyas1837,butcoeducationinAmericancollegesdidnotspreaduntilthesecondhalfofthecentury.正确答案：awards→awarded

10.

Afterthehorsehadthrewthejockeyseveraltimes,itsownersdecideditwasbesttowithdrawitfromtheupcomingrace.正确答案：threw→thrown

11.

Assoonastheywillfinishthenewadministrationbuilding,ourofficesaregoingtobemoved.正确答案：willfinish→finish

12.

AlmosteverymorningIreceivecardsinvitingmetoartexhibitions,andonthecardshadbeenphotographsoftheworksexhibited.正确答案：hadbeen→are

13.

Aftersearchingthehouseforevidencethepoliceconcludedthatsomeonemusthavecomeinthroughthekitchenwindowandstolethesilverwhilethefamilywasasleep.正确答案：stole→stolen

14.

Longbeforehumanslaunchedthefirstartificialsatelliteintospace,theRussianscientistshavepresentedthepossibilitiesofspacecolonization.正确答案：havepresented→hadpresented

15.

Hewasstandingquietlywhenpresentlyayoungwoman,whohadbeencombingherhairandwatchedhim,approachedandaskedhimfordirections.正确答案：watched→watching

Ⅱ.ClozeTestServiceIndustry服务业

Serviceindustryisanindustryinthatpartoftheeconomy

1

createsservicesratherthantangibleobjects.Economistsdividealleconomicactivity

2

twobroadcategories,goodsandservices.Goods-producingindustriesareagriculture,mining,

3

,andconstruction;eachofthemcreatessomekindoftangibleobject.

4

industriesincludeeverythingelse:banking,communications,wholesaleandretailtrade,all

5

servicessuchasengineeringandmedicine,nonprofiteconomicactivity,allconsumer

6

,andallgovernmentservices,includingdefenseandadministrationofjustice.

The

7

oftheworldeconomydevotedtoserviceshasbeenrisingforhundredsofyears,most

8

sincethebeginningofthe20thcentury.

9

services-dominatedeconomyischaracteristicofdevelopednations,whilelessdevelopednations

10

toemploymorepeoplein"primary"activitiessuchasagriculture.IntheUnitedStates,for

11

,theservicesectorin1929accountedfor

12

54percentofthegrossnationalproduct,whereasin1978service

13

accountedforabout66percentofthegrossnationalproduct.This

14

growthdidnotoccurbecausegoodsproductiondeclinedbutratherbecause

15

totalgrossnationalproductincreasednearlyfivefold,withmostof

16

increaseattributabletoservices.

Thesimplestexplanationforthegrowthof

17

industriesisthatgoodsproductionhasbecomeincreasinglymechanized.Becausemachines

18

asmallerworkforcetoproducemoretangiblegoods,theservice

19

ofdistribution,management,finance,andsalesbecomerelativelymoreimportant.Growth

20

theservicesectoralsoresultsfromalargeincreaseingovernmentemployment.1.

正确答案：that

2.

正确答案：into

3.

正确答案：manufacturing

4.

正确答案：Service

5.

正确答案：professional

6.

正确答案：services

7.

正确答案：proportion

8.

正确答案：notably

9.

正确答案：A

10.

正确答案：tend

11.

正确答案：example

12.

正确答案：only

13.

正确答案：industries

14.

正确答案：rapid

15.

正确答案：the

16.

正确答案：the

17.

正确答案：service

18.

正确答案：allow

19.

正确答案：functions

20.

正确答案：in

MiningSafety开矿安全

Miningisahazardousoccupation,andthesafetyofmineworkersisanimportant

21

oftheindustry.Statisticsindicate

22

surfaceminingislesshazardousthanundergroundminingandthatmetalminingislesshazardousthancoalmining.Astudyofthefrequencyandseverityofaccidentsshows

23

thenatureoftheoperation.

24

allundergroundmines,rockandrooffalls,flooding,andinadequateventilationarethegreatest

25

.Largeexplosionsarecharacteristicincoalmines,butmoreminerssufferaccidentsfromthe

26

ofexplosivesinmetalmines.

Anumberofdebilitatinghazardsexistthat

27

minerswiththepassageoftimeandthatarerelatedtothequalityand

28

oftheenvironmentinthemines.Dustproducedduringminingoperationsisgenerallyinjurious

29

healthandcausesthelungdiseaseknownasblacklung,orpneumoconiosis.Somefumes

30

byincompletedynamiteexplosionsareextremelypoisonous.Methanegas,emanatingfromcoalstrata,is

31

hazardousalthoughnotpoisonousintheconcentrationsusuallyencounteredinmineair,andradiation

32

beahazardinuraniummines.Atightandactivesafetyprogramisusually

33

operationineverymine;wherespecialcareistakentoeducatetheminersin

34

precautionsandpractices,accidentratesarelower.

Somehazardsarerelatedtothelocal

35

andthestateofstressintherocksinthemine.Theminingoperation

36

intheshiftingofloadsonthestrata,andinextremecasessuchshiftsmayapply

37

onacriticalsectionofrockthatexceedthestrengthofthe

38

andresultinitssuddencollapse.Thisphenomenon,whichisknownasarockburst,

39

particularlyindeepmines,andresearchisunderwaytoeliminatethedanger.21.

正确答案：aspect

22.

正确答案：that

23.

正确答案：and

24.

正确答案：In

25.

正确答案：hazards

26.

正确答案：use

27.

正确答案：greatest

28.

正确答案：affect

29.

正确答案：nature

30.

正确答案：to

31.

正确答案：generated

32.

正确答案：always

33.

正确答案：may

34.

正确答案：in

35.

正确答案：safety

36.

正确答案：geology

37.

正确答案：results

38.

正确答案：pressures

39.

正确答案：rock

40.

正确答案：occurs

ⅢReadingComprehension

TheGreenhouseEffect

温室效应

Theairwebreathekeepsusaliveinmorewaysthanone.Withoutouratmosphere,averageglobaltemperaturewouldbeaboutminus18℃(minus0.4℉)insteadofthepresent15℃(59℉).Alltheincomingsunlight,withenergyequivalenttoaboutthree100-wattlightbulbspersquareyard,wouldstrikeEarth'ssurface,causingittoemitinfraredwaveslikeagiantradiator.Thatheatwouldsimplytravelunimpededbackoutintothevoid.

Becauseoftheatmosphere,however,onlyafractionofthatheatmakesitdirectlybackintospace.Therestistrappedinthelowerairlayers,whichcontainanumberofgases-watervapor,CO2,methane,andothersthatabsorbtheoutgoinginfraredradiation.Asthosegasesheatup,someoftheirwarmthradiatesbackdowntothesurface.Theentireprocessiscalledthegreenhouseeffect,andmostofitiscausedbythepredominantgreenhousegas,watervapor.

Withincreasedheating,morewaterevaporatesfromoceans,lakes,andsoils.Becauseawarmeratmospherecanholdmorewatervapor,thiscreatesapowerfulfeedbackloop:Thehotteritgets,thehigherthewatervaporcontentoftheair,andthusthegreaterthegreenhousewarming.

Humanbeingshavelittledirectcontroloverthevolumeofwaterintheatmosphere.Butweproduceothergreenhousegasesthatintensifytheeffect.TheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC)estimatesthatrisingCO2emissions,mostlyfromburningfossilfuels,accountforabout60percentofthewarmingobservedsince1850.Carbondioxideconcentrationhasbeenincreasingabout0.3percentayear,anditisnowabout30percenthigherthanitwasbeforetheIndustrialRevolution.Ifcurrentratescontinue,itwillrisetoatleasttwicepre-industriallevelsbyabout2060andbytheendofthecenturycouldbefourtimesashigh.ThatisparticularlyworrisomebecauseCO2lifetimeismorethanahundredyearsintheatmosphere,comparedwitheightdaysforwatervapor.

Methane,theprincipalingredientofnaturalgas,hascausedanestimated15percentofthewarminginmoderntimes.Generatedbybacteriainricefields,decomposinggarbage,cattleranching,andfossilfuelproduction,methanepersistsintheatmospherefornearlyadecadeandisnowabout2.5timesasprevalentasitwasinthe16thcentury.Othermajorgreenhousegasesincludenitrousoxideproducedbybothagricultureandindustryandvarioussolventsandrefrigerantslikechlorofluorocarbons,orCFCs,whicharenowbannedbyinternationaltreatybecauseoftheirdamagingeffectonEarth'sprotectiveozonelayer.

TherelentlessaccumulationofgreenhousegaseshasledtheIPCCtoprojectthatinthenexthundredyearsglobalaveragetemperatureswillriseby1to3.5degreesC.Thatmaynotseemlikemuch.Yetthe"littleiceage,"ananomalouscoldsnapthatpeakedfrom1570to1730andforcedEuropeanfarmerstoabandontheirfields,wascausedbyachangeofonlyhalfadegreeC.

Buthowcrediblearecurrentprojection?Thecomputermodelsusedtoprojectgreenhouseeffectsfarintothefuturearestillbeingimprovedtoaccommodatearapidlygrowingfundofknowledge.Anditisremarkablydifficulttodetectadefinitive"signature"ofhumanactivityintheworld'swidelyfluctuatingclimaterecord.1.

Themainpartoftheheatcausedbysunlightisabsorbedby______.A.thelowerairlayersB.anumberofgasesinthelowerairlayersC.theearth'ssurfaceD.watervapor正确答案：B

2.

Paragraphs4and5dealwithothergreenhousegasesmanymake______.A.byburningfossilfuelsB.bybacteriainricefieldsC.byCO2,methane,andnitrousoxideD.bothAandB正确答案：D

3.

Theword"relentless"inthefirstsentenceofParagraph6"TherelentlessaccumulationofgreenhousegaseshasledtheIPCCtoprojectthat"means______.A.withoutpermissionB.withoutpityC.lesssevereD.lessharmful正确答案：B

4.

Whichofthestatementsaboutvolumeofwaterinatmosphereistrue?A.Manhasdonealotwithit.B.Manhaslittledirectcontroloverit.C.Manhastakenmeasuresforit.D.Manhasnothingtodowithit.正确答案：B

5.

Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Thecomputermodelsusedtoprojectgreenhouseeffectsarenotsatisfactory.B.Theclimateoftheworldhasbeenchanging.C.OurpresentprojectionaboutGreenhouseEffectissomewhatundependable.D.Humanknowledgehasbeenincreasingveryquickly.正确答案：C

NikeThird-quarterEarningsup61Percent

耐克第三季度盈利上升61%

byWilliamMcCall

Quarterlyincomesurged61percentatNikeInc.to$200.3million,or74centsashare,onsalesof$2.9billionforthethirdquarter.TheresultseasilypassedWallStreetforecasts.

Theathleticshoeandclothinggiantearned$124.7millionforthesameperiodin2003,or47centsashare.Salesimproved21percentfrom$2.4billionforthethirdquarterlastyear.

AnalystssurveyedbyThomsonFirstCallhadexpectedBeaverton,Ore.-basedNiketoearn67centspershare.

AlsoThursday,Nikereporteda10percentjumpinorders,withmorethanathirdofthatgrowthduetofavorablecurrencyexchangerates.

OrdersfortheUSmarket,whichhavebeenflatforthepastfewyears,wereup4.5percentforthethirdquarter,whileEuropegrewby11percentandAsiajumped23percent,thecompanysaid.

NikeofficialsattributedtheboomingsalestoeconomicrecoveryintheUnitedStates,increasedconsumerdemandforhigh-pricedbasketballshoes,andmajorsportseventstiedtoNikeproducts.

"Ibelievecalendar2004hasthepotentialtobethemostexcitingyearinNike'shistory,"NikepresidentMarkParkersaidonaconferencecallwithanalysts.

ParkernotedthatinsixofthelastsevenOlympicsyears,NikeoutperformedtheStandard&Poor'sindexbyanaverageof21percent.

Duringthethirdquarter,USsalesincreased4percentto$0.37billioncomparedto$0.33billionforthethirdquarterof2003.

NikeChairmanPhilKnightsaidtheresultscontinueapatternofsteadygrowthoverthepastninemonths.

AnalystssaidtheimprovementwasimpressiveasNikemovedinto2004withplanstospendheavilyonmajorsportsevents,includingtheNCAAbasketballtournament,WorldCupsoccerandthe2004Olympics.

"They'vegotjustalotofbigeventscomingup,"saidJamelahLeddy,ananalystwithMcAdamsWrightRageninSeattle.

Partoftheincreasewasduetostrongerdemandforbasketballshoessellingfor$100andup,anupscalemarketthathaddeclinedduringtherecession.

Butshenotedthatoneofthegrowthfactors—exchangerates—wasamarketfactor,notaresultofmanagement.

"Theunderlyingbusinessisgrowingbutkeepinmindhowmuchisrelatedtocurrencyexchange,"Leddysaid.

Nikehadannouncedearlierthismonththatitexpectedhigherearningsthananalystshadpredicted,despitethebankruptcyofFootstarCorp.,thethird-largestUSretailerforathleticshoes.TheWestNyack,N.Y.,company,whichrunstheJustForFeetandFootactionshoechains,isamajorvendorofNikeshoesbutowedonly$19.4million,arelativelysmallamountincomparisontooverallsales.

Nikesharesrose67centstocloseat$76.82TuesdayontheNewYorkStockExchange,beforetheresultswerereleased.Thesharesdropped82centsintheextendedsession.6.

ThepassageindicatesthatWallStreetforecastswere______.A.toooptimisticB.accurateC.pessimisticD.conservative正确答案：D

7.

HowmuchmoredidNikeInc.earnforthethirdquarterthanforthesameperiodlastyear?A.About$2.9million.B.About$2.4million.C.About$500,000.D.About$200million.正确答案：C

8.

Whichofthefollowing,accordingtoaNikereport,isacontributingfactorfortheincreaseinorders?A.USdollarisrevalued.B.USdollarisdebased.C.Currencyexchangerateisstable.D.Currencyexchangerateisturbulent.正确答案：B

9.

ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatamajorwayNikeincreasesitssalesis______.A.promotingUSsalesB.maintainingasteadymarketC.sponsoringmajorsportseventsD.pricinghighlyforitsbasketballshoes正确答案：C

10.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasafactorinfluencingNike'sbusiness?A.Economicrecovery.B.Favorablecurrencyexchangerates.C.Proficientmanagement.D.Increaseddemandforhigh-pricedbasketballshoes.正确答案：C

AustraliaCelebratesitsFirstCentury

澳大利亚庆祝自己的第一个百年

byDavidHardy

Australianslivedinsixdistinctcoloniespriorto1901.ThesewouldlaterbecomeAustralianstates:NewSouthWales,Victoria,Queensland,SouthAustralia,WesternAustraliaandTasmania.Thesesixcolonieshadtheirownlaws,postalservices,customs,defenseandimmigration,andtherewasastrongfeelingfordecadesbefore1901thattheseissueswouldbemoreeffectivelyandefficientlyhandledbyacentralgovernment.PeoplemovedfreelybetweenthecoloniesandconsideredthemselvesAustralians,butthecolonieswerenotformallyjoinedtoeachotherinanyway,andthereweresomesignificantdifferencesinthewaysthatcolonieshandledissues.Becauseofthesedifferences,andbecauseofthedevelopmentofregionalidentity,manyAustraliansatthetimewantedtoprotecttheirowninterestsandpreservetheirownidentities.Thismadethefederalmodelofgovernment,providingabalanceofpowerbetweentheCentralGovernmentandtheStateGovernments,thepreferredmodel.

ShortlybeforetheFederationofStates,tenrepresentativesfromeachcolonymettowriteaConstitution,andin1899allcoloniesvotedtojointogethertoformaFederationofStates,similartothesystemofgovernmentinSwitzerland.In1900,Britain'sQueenVictoria,Australia'sHeadofStateatthetime,signedthenecessarypapers,andallcolonies,nowStates,joinedasmembersoftheFederation,tobeknownastheCommonwealthofAustralia.On1stJanuary1901,Australiacameintoexistenceasanation.

Afterthis,theCommonwealthGovernmenttookontheresponsibilitiesofdefense,immigration,postalservices,tradeandtaxes,whiletheStateGovernmentslookedafterschools,healthservices,roadsandrailways.

ElectionsforthenewCommonwealthParliamentwereheldinMarch1901,andon9thMayofthatyearthefirstCommonwealthParliamentwasceremoniallyopenedattheExhibitionBuildinginMelbourne.TheParliamentformallysatintheVictoriaStateParliamentarybuildinguntilittransferredtoitspermanenthomein1927,inthenewlycreatednationalcapital,Canberra.

ShortlyaftertheformationoftheFederation,thefirstPrimeMinisterofAustralia(Australia'sHeadofGovernment),EdmundBarton,announcedanationalflagcompetition.Therewerefivewinners,includinga14-year-oldschoolboy,IvorEvans,withasimilardesign.Together,thefivewinnerscreatedtheAustralianflag,combiningtheBritishUnionJack,asix-pointedstarundertheUnionJackrepresentingthesixstatesoftheCommonwealthofAustralia,andtotherightoftheUnionJack,theSouthernCrossconstellation.IvorEvansincludedtheSouthernCrossasitis"thebrightestconstellationintheSouthernHemisphere,representativeofAustralia'sbrightfutureasaleadingnation."Australia'snationalanthemremained"GodSavetheQueen"until1974,whenthepatrioticsong"AdvanceAustraliaFair"waschosentoreplaceit.

In1901,Australiawasalreadyaculturallydiversesociety,composedofAustralianaborigines,TorresStraitIslandersandimmigrantsdrawnfromallcornersoftheglobe,especiallyatthetimeofAustralia'sGoldRushinthemid-19thcentury.ASwedishnewspaperstartedupinMelbournein1857,PolishAustraliansformedaCommitteetosupportthePolishJanuaryUprisingagainstRussiandominationin1863,andtheFrenchsetupthefirstAllianceFranaiseinAustraliain1890.

Today,over23percentofAustralianswereborninanothercountry.Australiansocietyismadeupoftraditionsandideasfrommanycultures,andhasforgedanewidentityasatolerantandvibrantmulticulturalsociety.Australianimmigrationpolicyisproudlynon-discriminatory,andthepolicyofmulticulturalismhasbeenpursuedenthusiasticallybyAustralianGovernmentsoverthepasttwodecades.

Onehundredyearson,Australiaisoneoftheworld'smostsuccessful,culturallydiverseanddemocraticnationalcommunities.ThishasbeenbuiltonaFederalframework,whichbringstogetherthevaluesofAustraliandemocracy,citizenshipandparticipation.11.

Theideaofestablishingacentralgovernmentappeared______.A.around1901B.in1899C.fordecadesbefore1901D.astheBritishgovernmentproposedit正确答案：C

12.

ThefollowingareallBritishEXCEPT______.A.UnionJackB.GodSavetheQueenC.theSouthernCrossconstellationD.sixcolonies正确答案：C

13.

After1901,Australia______.A.stillregardedQueenVictoriaastheirHeadofStateB.remainedasacolonyofU.K.asSwitzerlanddidC.hadnothingtodowiththeBritishgovernmentD.brokeawayfromU.K.正确答案：A

14.

WhattheAustraliannationalflagdoesn'trepresentis______.A.thebrightfutureofAustraliaB.thespiritofindependenceC.theleadingpositionofAustraliainthesouthhemisphereD.therespectfortheUnitedKingdom正确答案：B

15.

WhichoffollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Australianswantedtopreservetheirownregionalidentitiesanddidn'twantafederalgovernment.B.ThereisachangeforAustraliannationalantheminthe1970's.C.OneofthedesignersofAustraliannationalflagwasayoungboy.D.TheCommonwealthofAustraliaisafederalnation.正确答案：A

AmazonResearchRaisesToughQuestions

亚马逊雨林研究出现棘手的问题

byMichaelAstor

JulioTotastoodatopa195-footsteeltowerintheheartoftheAmazonrainforest,watching"riversofair"flowingoveranunbrokengreencanopythatstretchedasfarastheeyecouldsee.

ThesebillowsoffogshowedresearcherTotahowgreenhousegasesemittedbydecayingorganicmaterialontheforestfloordon'trisestraightintotheatmosphere,asscientistshadsupposed.

Instead,theyhoveranddrift-confoundingscientificeffortstounlockthesecretsoftheworld'slargestremainingtropicalwilderness.

"Whatwe'velearnedistheAmazonrainforestismuchmorefragileandmuchmorecomplexthanwehadfirstimagined,"Totasaid."Myresearchisprettyspecific.It'saimedatshowingwhyallourmeasurementsareprobablyoff."

TotaispartoftheLargeScaleBiosphere-AtmosphereExperiment,adecade-oldendeavorinvolvinghundredsofscientists,ledbyBraziliansandwithfundingfromNASAandtheEuropeanUnion.Theiropen-air"laboratories"are15suchobservationpostsspreadoveranareaofrainforestlargerthanEurope.

Theproject'sgoalistomakethebestscientificargumentsforwhythisvastrainforest-alongwithotherendangeredforestsinAfrica,southeastAsiaandelsewhereisessentialtocombatingglobalclimatechange.

Butasthefirstphaseofthe$100millionexperimentdrawstoaclose,itsresearchersacknowledgethatthedatahaveraisedmorequestionsthananswers.

ScientistscannowsaywithcertaintythattheAmazonisneitherthelun