Unit4 Natural Disasters Discovering Useful Structures 复习课件 -高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Unit4NaturalDisastersDiscoveringUsefulStructuresIReviewRelativeclausesLearningObjectivesInthisclass,youwillreviewandsummarize1)theconception,function,structureandbasicusageoftherestrictiveclauseledbyrelativepronoun.2)howtodescribepicturesofdisasters

withrestricitiveclauses.EarthquakeItisacommondisaster.FloodItisacommondisasterwiththecrashofdifferentlandmasses(板块).Itisacommondisasterwhichcausesthecrackofthegroundandthecollapseofthebuildings.Itisausualdisaster.Itisausualdisasteroccuringduringheavyrainseason.Itisausualdisasterwhichsweepsawaythehouses,roads,bridgesandsoon.Guessing撞击，冲撞倒塌出现，发生消灭，彻底消除RevisionFromthetextTHENIGHTTHEEARTHDIDN’TSLEEP,weknowthatanearthquakehappenedonJuly

28,1976inTangshan.andwealsoknowthat.TheearthquakethathappenedonJuly

28,1976causedgreatdamagetoTangshan.theearthquakecausedgreatdamagetoTangshanQ.

Whichearthquakearewetalkingabout?Task2

Findmoresentenceswithrestrictiverelativeclausesfromthetextonpage50

andunderlinethemonyourbook.THENIGHTTHEEARTHDIDN’TSLEEPThereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls.Elevenkilometersdirectlybelowthecity,oneofthemostdeadlyearthquakesofthe20thcenturyhadbegun,aquakethatevencauseddamagemorethan150kilometersawayinBeijing.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.THENIGHTTHEEARTHDIDN’TSLEEPThereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls.

Elevenkilometersdirectlybelowthecity,oneofthemostdeadlyearthquakesofthe20thcenturyhadbegun,aquake

thatevencauseddamagemorethan150kilometersawayinBeijing.Twothirdsofthepeople

wholivedthere

weredeadorinjured.Thenumberofpeople

whowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequake

wasmorethan400,000.Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthose

whoweretrapped

andtoburythedead.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivors

whosehomeshadbeendestroyed.IIWhatisanattributiveclause?（定语从句）在复合句中，作定语修饰名词或者代词的从句，叫做定语从句1.

Theearthquakeisacommon

disaster

whichcausesthecrackofthegroundandthecollapseofthebuildings.先行词所修饰的名词或者代词定语从句连接先行词与从句的词先行词antecedent关系词

定语从句

1.连接主句和从句2.指代先行词3.在从句中充当句子成分关系代词：主语、宾语、表语、定语关系副词：whenwherewhy状语关系词which/that/who/whom/whose/asFindoutandunderline

therestrictiveclauses,antecedents先行词、relativepronoun关系代词

inthesentencesbelow.p52task1TheTangshanearthquakewasaterribleexperiencethatmygreat-grandmacannotforget.Thecouplewholivenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthevolcanoerupted.Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.MrLiisanarchitectwhosedesignsforthenewtownhavewonpraise.AdoctorwithwhomJamesusedtoworkdiedinthe2016earthquakeinEcuador.指物，作宾语指人，作主语指物，作主语指人，作定语指人，作宾语1.Herearesomeofthepeople______homesweredestroyedbythetyphoon.2.Theterribleshakingofthebuildingwokeupallthepeople________wereasleep.3.Thenextday,peopleputupsheltersintheopenairusinganything______theycouldfind.4.Severaldayslater,mostofthebuildings_________hadbeendamagedbythehurricanewererepaired.5.Theinjuredboy______motherwaslostinthedisasterwastakentothehospital.whoseCompletethesentenceswiththat,which,who,whose,whomor“/”.who/thatwhosethat/whichthat6.Thewomanwroteathank-youlettertothesoldierby______shewasrescued.7.Isthisyoungboy_________savedseveralotherstudentstrappedunderbuildings?whomCompletethesentenceswiththat,which,who,whose,whomor“/”.who/thatpersonsthingssubject主语object宾语possessive（所有格，谁的，定语）whowhomwhichthatwhoseas关系代词：who,

whomwhose,

which,that,as

SummaryWhatfunction(功能）dotherelativepronounshave?Thisgamecontainsspecialcasesofattributiveclausesandsomeexercises.Game:Whoistheluckiest?Ittakes6-9studentstochallengeafruitandanswerquestions.

Pleasechooseonestudentfromeachgrouptochallenge.Fillintheblank:1.Herearesomeofthepeople_______homesweredestroyedbythetyphoon.

whose1、哪些情况下，定语从句中关系代词一般用that而不用which？

①先行词为everything,nothing,something,anything等不定代词时。②先行词为all,every,no,some,any,little,much等词或被这些词修饰时。

③先行词为序数词或形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。④先行词被the

only,the

very,the

same,the

last修饰时。⑤先行词既有人又有物。

Oh,I’msorry.用定语从句翻译句子：据说，不到长城非好汉。ItissaidthathewhohasneverbeentotheGreatWallisnotatrueman.3.Thenextday,peopleputupsheltersintheopenairusinganythingwhichtheycouldfind.Correction:that/不填特殊情况2.一般用which而不用that的情况①关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语

Thosearemanytrees

underwhichtheycanhavearest.②在非限制性定语从句中

Football,

which

isaverypopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld.

①先行词是one，theone,ones,those或anyone,someone等不定代词时，Those

whorespectothersareusuallyrespectedbyothers.②在非限制性定语从句中指人时

Ourguide,whowasaFrenchCanadian,wasanexcellentcook.3.在以therebe的句子中，先行词为人时4.当定语从句中又有定语从句，且先行词都为人时特殊情况3.宜用who不用that的情况

Oneof+复数名词+定语从句(复数谓语)

theonlyoneof+复数名词+定语从句(单数谓语)Heisoneofthestudents________agoodcommandofFrench.他是精通法语的学生之ー。(thestudents为先行词)Heistheonlyoneofthestudents___________agoodcommandofFrench.他是学生中唯一精通法语的。(theonlyone为先行词)havehaswhowhoFillintheblank:

定语从句中的谓语选择：主谓一致先行词的数关系代词在从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词要和___保持一致。Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses______（be）builtclosetoeachother.旧城区的街道狭窄，房子小，彼此挨得很近thatareYou'resoluckytoday!Suchaterribleearthquakeas

havecausedagreatdealofdamageshouldbeawarning.关系代词as：修饰先行词earthquake(物)，在从句中充当主语Weshouldlearnasmanysurvivalskillsas

wecantoprotectourselves.关系代词as：修饰先行词skills(物)，在从句中充当canlearn的宾语Weshouldreducethesamemistakeaswemadebefore.关系代词as：修饰先行词mistakes(物)，在从句中充当made的宾语However,therearesomanypeopleaswedidnotexpectstillnottakingdisastersseriously.然而，还有那么多我们没有预料到的人仍然没有认真对待灾难。关系代词as：修饰先行词people(人)，在从句中充当expect的宾语tips:当先行词前有such/so/as/thesame,

关系代词常用asTranslatethesentencesintoChinese.Thinkaboutwhichnounismodifiedbytherelativeclauseandthefunctionoftherestrictiverelativeclauses.1.TheTangshanearthquakewasaterribleexperiencethatmygreat-grandmacannotforget.2.Thecouplewholivenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthevolcanoerupted.3.Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.4.MrLiisanarchitectwhosedesignsforthenewtownhavewonpraise.5.AdoctorwithwhomJamesusedtoworkdiedinthe2016earthquakeinEcuador.唐山大地震对于我曾祖母而言是一段无法忘记的痛苦经历。住在我们隔壁的那对夫妇在火山爆发后去做了志愿者。向灾区提供的补给品是从全国募集而来的。李先生对于新城的设计已经获得了赞誉。一位与James一起工作过的医生在2016年厄瓜多尔地震中牺牲了。Observing做题技巧识找代判选识别定语从句找先行词，判断指人或物把先行词代入到从句中判断插入部分：是缺主语宾语、定语，还是缺状语

依据先行词，正确选用解题步骤FinishEx.1onpage90inyourworkbook.

Fillintheblankswiththat,which,who,whose,orwhom.1.Adisasterisaverybadaccidentorasuddenevent____usuallycausesgreatdamageandruinmanypeople’slives.2.Thewomanwantedtofindandthankthefirefighter____rescuedherfromthefire.3.Atyphoonisanextremelystrongwind____oftenhappensintheWesternPacificOcean.4.Thechildren_____parentscouldnotbefoundwerelookedafterbyneighboursandfriends.5.Atsunamiisaverylargewave____isoftencausedbyanearthquakeunderthesea.6.Peopleto____muchisgivenarepeopleof_____muchwillbeexpected.得天独厚者，须替天行（善）道which/thatwho/thatwhich/thatwhosewhich/thatwhomwhomStep4:Practice

Describethepictureswithrestrictiverelativeclauses.example:A:What’stherescueworkerdoing?B:A:Whoisthewomanthatisholdingababy?B:She’sarescueworker.A:Whereisthewomanwho/thatisthebaby’smother?B:DiscussionB:She’sfeedingthebabywhosurvivedtheearthquake.B:Maybeshe’sinjuredandinthehospital.Thedoghasanincrediblesenseofsmell.Describethepictureswithrestrictiverelativeclauses.A:Whatisthisdog’sjob?B:A:Whatarethesoldiersdoing?B:DiscussionfixingthetentssearchpeopleTheyarearefixingthetentsforpeoplewhosehomesweredestroyedbytheearthquake.Thedog’sjobistosearchpeople.Thedoghasanincredible极好的senseofsmell.Thedogwhosejobistosearchpeoplehasanincrediblesenseofsmell.Ishowedhimtheletter.Ireceiveditthismorning.我展示给他我今天早上收到的信。Doyouknowtheman

whospokejustnow?Doyouknowtheman?Hespokejustnow.你知道刚刚讲话的男人吗？Ihavereadthenewspaper(which)carriestheimportantnews.Ishowedhimtheletter(which)Ireceivedthismorning.Ihavereadthenewspaper.Itcarriestheimportantnews.我已经读过带有重要新闻的报纸了。2.合句子关系代词在定语从句中有三个作用：1.引导一个定语从句；2.在从句中代替先行词；3.在从句中担任某一句子成分。①②③方法：1.先找两句中相同的名词；2.用关系代词替代其中一个名词；3.把有关系代词中的句子放在另一个名词后；4.注意句子意义合逻辑。ExerciseManypeoplewhosehousesweredestroyedwereinjuredorevenkilled.Thetornadothatwassostronghadcausedlotsofdamage.1、我很遗憾地从网上得知你的家乡遭受了龙卷风袭击.（I’msorryto...wasstruckby）I