大学英语六级考试模拟试卷十二（带答案）

大学英语六级考试模拟试卷十二

（总分:710.00,做题时间：130分钟）

PartIWriting（总题数：1,分数：0.00）

1.Directions:Recentyearshaveseenagrowingconsumeraudiencewhois

willingtospendmoneyondigitalcontent.Doyouthinkpeopleshouldpayforonline

content?Writeanessaytostateyouropinion.Youarerequiredtowriteatleast150

wordsbutnomorethan200words.

（分数：106.50）

正确答案：(［范文］

Itisobservedthatanincreasingnumberofpeoplearewillingtopaytoread,

watchordownloadsomethingonline.Somemayarguethatdigitalcontentshouldbe

free,sincechargingforsuchresourceswillleadtolossofonlineaudience.However;

inmyopinion,it'sobligatoryforconsumerstopayforonlinecontent.

Therapiddevelopmentofdigitaltechnologymakesiteasiertoaccesscontent

online,suchasnovels,musicandTVdramas.Onthepartofcontentsuppliers,free

accesstotheseresourcesmeanslossofincome,whichwillweakentheirmotivation

toprovidehigh-qualitycontent.Instead,ifconsumersspendmoneyondigital

content,editors,singersandauthorswillbespurredtoproducebettercontentrather

thanfreebutpoorthings.What'smore,payingforonlinecontentalsoshowsrespect

forthosewhohaveworkedhardtocontributetoit.Recentyearshaveseena

growingappealforintellectualpropertyprotectionandanti-piracy,whichhashelped

toraisecopyrightawarenessamongcontentproducers.Soitisnolongertolerableto

havetheirworksdownloadedillegally.

Allinallzchargingareasonablepricefordigitalcontentcontributestothe

healthydevelopmentofonlinemarket,soconsumersshouldpayforonlinecontent.)

解析：本篇作文要求考生对“人们是否应该为网络内容付费”发表看法并

阐明原因。根据题目要求，可以采取总一分一总的布局：

第1段先指出越来越多人愿意为数字内容付费，有些人认为数字内容收费

会使网络受众减少，接着引出“消费者应为网络内容付费”的观点。

第2段列出消费者应为网络内容付费的理由一一可以激励内容提供者提

供优质内容；体现对内容生产者的尊重，符合保护知识产权的趋势。

第3段重申“消费者应该为网络内容付费”。

［参考译文］据观察，越来越多人愿意付费阅读、观看或下载网络资源。虽

然一些人认为，对数字内容收费将使网络受众减少，但是在我看来，消费者有义

务为在线内容付费。

数字技术的快速发展让我们可以更轻易地获取网络上的内容(如小说、音

乐和电视剧)。就内容供应商而言，让消费者免费获得这些资源意味着自身收入

的减少，这将削弱他们提供优质内容的积极性。但是如果消费者肯为数字内容花

钱，这将会激励编辑、歌手和作者创作更好的内容，而非免费的劣质内容。更重

要的是，付费还体现了对那些辛辛苦苦创造数字内容的工作者的尊重。近年来,

知识产权保护和反盗版的呼声越来越高，内容生产者的版权意识也得到了提高。

因此，他们也无法再容忍自匕的作品被非法下载。

总之，对数字内容合理收费有助于数字市场的良性发展。因此，消费者应

该为在线内容付费。

PartIIListeningComprehension（总题数：0,分数：0.00）

SectionA（总题数：8,分数：0.00）

.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

1.（分数：28.40）

A.Totesthowresponsivedolphinsaretovarioussignals.

B.Toexaminehowlongittakesdolphinstoacquireaskill.

C.Tofindoutifthefemaledolphinisclevererthanthemaleone.

D.Toseeifdolphinscanlearntocommunicatewitheachother.J

解析：［听力原文］

W:Oneofthemostinterestingexperimentswithdolphinsmustbeonedone

byDoctorJarvisBastian.WhathetriedtodowastoteachamaledolphincalledBass

andafemalecalledDoristocommunicatewitheachotheracrossasolidbarrier.

M:Sohowdidhedoitexactly?

W;Well,firstofall,hekeptthetwodolphinstogetherinthesametankand

taughtthemtopressleverswhenevertheysawalight.Theleverswerefittedtothe

sideofthetanknexttoeachother.Ifthelightflashedonandoffseveraltimes,the

dolphinsweresupposedtopresstheleft-handleverfollowedbytheright-handone.

Ifthelightwaskeptsteady,thedolphinsweresupposedtopresstheleversinreverse

order.Whenevertheyrespondedcorrectly,theywererewardedwithfish.M:Sounds

terriblycomplicated.

W:Well,thatwasthefirststage.Inthesecondstage,DoctorBastian

separatedthedolphinsintotwotanks.Theycouldstillhearoneanother;butthey

couldn'tactuallyseeeachother.Theleversandlightweresetupinexactlythesame

wayexceptthatthistimeitwasonlyDoriswhocouldseethelightindicatingwhich

levertopressfirst.Butinordertogettheirfish,bothdolphinshadtopressthelevers

inthecorrectorder.Thismeant,ofcourse,thatDorishadtotellBasswhetheritwas

aflashinglightorwhetheritwasasteadylight.

M:Sodiditwork?

W:Well,amazinglyenough,thedolphinsachieveda100%successrate.

WhatisthepurposeofDoctorJarvisBastian'sexperiment?

.Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

5.（分数：28.40）

A.Inaresorttown.V

B.lnalectureroom.

C.Onacattlefarm.

D.lnabotanicalgarden.

解析：［听力原文］

W:Thisweek'sprogramUpYourStreettakesyoutoHarrogate,asmalltown

inYorkshire.HarrogatebecameafashionableresortduringVictoriantimes,when

peoplecametotakeabathinthemineralwaters.Today,fewpeoplecometovisitthe

townforitsmineralwaters.Instead,Harrogatehasbecomeapopulartownfor

peopletoretireto.Itscleanair,attractiveparks,andtheabsenceofanyindustry,

makethisanidealspotforpeoplelookingforaquietlife.Now,totellusmoreabout

Harrogate,IhavewithmeTomPercival,PresidentoftheChamberofCommerce.Tom,

oneofthethingsvisitornoticesaboutHarrogateisthelargeareaofopenparkland

rightdownintothemiddleofthetown.Canyoutellusmoreaboutit?

M:Yes,certainly.TheareaiscalledtheStray.

W:WhytheStray?

M:It'scalledthatbecauseintheolddays,peoplelettheircattlestrayonthe

area,whichwascommonland.

W：Oh,Isee.

M:Then,we'vechangesinfanningandinlandownership.TheStraybecame

partofthelandownedbyHarrogate.

W:Andisitprotected?

M:Oh,yes,indeed.There'saspeciallaw.Noonecanbuildanythingonthe

Stray.It'sprotectedforever.

W:Soitwillalwaysbeparkland?

M;That'sright.Asyoucansee,someoftheStrayisusedforsportsfields.

W:Ibelieveitlookslovelyinthespring.

M:Yes,itdoes.There'respringflowersontheoldtrees,andpeoplevisitthe

townjusttoseetheflowers.

Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

SectionB（总题数：7,分数：0.00）

.Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

1.（分数：28.40）

A.HeteachespsychologyatOhioStateUniversity.V

B.Hehasexperiencetutoringblackstudents.

C.Hespecializesininterpersonalrelationships.

D.Heprovidescounselingforuniversitystudents.

解析：［听力原文］

RussellFazio,anOhioStatepsychologyprofessorwhohasstudiedinterracial

roommatesthereandatIndianaUniversity,discoveredanintriguingacademiceffect.

InastudyanalyzingdataonthousandsofOhioStatefreshmenwholivedindorms,

hefoundthatblackfreshmenwhocametocollegewithhighstandardizedtestscores

earnedbettergradesiftheyhadawhiteroommate—eveniftheroommate'stest

scoreswerelow.Theroommate'sracehadnoeffectonthegradesofwhitestudents

orlow-scoringblackstudents.Perhaps,thestudyspeculated,havingawhite

roommatehelpsacademicallypreparedblackstudentsadjusttoapredominantly

whiteuniversity.

ThatsamestudyfoundthatrandomlyassignedinterracialroommatesatOhio

Statebrokeupbeforetheendofthequarterabouttwiceasoftenassame-race

roommates.

Becauseinterracialroommaterelationshipsareoftenproblematic,Dr.Fazio

said,manystudentswouldliketomoveout,butuniversityhousingpoliciesmay

makeithardtoleave.

"AtIndianaUniversity,wherehousingwasnotsotight,moreinterracial

roommatessplitup/'hesaid."HereatOhioState,wherehousingwastight,they

weretoldtoworkitout.Themostinterestingthingwefoundwasthatifthe

relationshipmanagedtocontinueforjust10weeks,wecouldseeanimprovementin

racialattitudes."

Dr.Fazio'sIndianastudyfoundthatthreetimesasmanyrandomlyassigned

interracialroommateswerenolongerlivingtogetherattheendofthesemester,

comparedwithwhiteroommates.Theinterracialroommatesspentlesstime

together;andhadfewerjointactivitiesthanthewhitepairs.

WhatdoweknowaboutRussellFazio?

.Questions13to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

5.（分数：21.30）

A.Heisahabitualcriminal.

B.Hewasaccusedoffamilyviolence.

C.Hewaswronglyimprisoned.V

D.Hehasbittermemoriesofchildhood.

解析：［听力原文］

BernardJacksonisafreemantoday,buthehasmanybittermemories.

Jacksonspentfiveyearsinprisonafterajurywronglyconvictedhimofrapingtwo

women.AtJackson'strial,althoughtwowitnessestestifiedthatJacksonwaswith

theminanotherlocationatthetimesofthecrimes,hewasconvictedanyway.Why?

Thejurybelievedthetestimonyofthetwovictims,whopositivelyidentifiedJackson

asthemanwhohasattackedthem.ThecourteventuallyfreedJacksonafterthe

policefoundthemanwhohadreallycommittedthecrimes.Jacksonwassimilarin

appearancetotheguiltyman.Thetwowomenhadmadeamistakeinidentity.Asa

result,Jacksonhaslostfiveyearsofhislife.

Thetwowomeninthiscasewereeyewitnesses.Theyclearlysawtheman

whoattackedthem,yettheymistakenlyidentifiedaninnocentperson.Similar

incidentshaveoccurredbefore.Eyewitnessestoothercrimeshaveidentifiedthe

wrongpersoninapolicelineuporinphotographs.

Manyfactorsinfluencetheaccuracyofeyewitnesstestimony.Forinstance,

witnessessometimesseephotographsofseveralsuspectsbeforetheytrytoidentify

thepersontheysawinalineupofpeople.Theycanbecomeconfusedbyseeing

manyphotographsorsimilarfaces.Thenumberofpeopleinthelineup,andwhether

itisalivelineuporaphotograph,mayalsoaffectawitness'sdecision.People

sometimeshavedifficultyidentifyingpeopleofotherraces.Thequestionsthepolice

askwitnessesalsohaveaneffectonthem.

WhatdowelearnaboutBernardJackson?

SectionC（总题数：10,分数：0.00）

.Questions16to19arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

1.（分数：56.80）

A.Itwassetupinthatyear.

B.Itjoinedwithanothercompany.V

C.ltsent10,000peopleabroad.

D.ltrecruitedalotofnewstaff.

解析：［听力原文］

Okeveryone,thanksforcomingtodayandforyourinterestinvolunteering

abroad.Forthosethatdon'tknowmuchaboutourcompany,TimeAbroad,letme

startbytellingyouabitmore.

TimeAbroadisoneofthelargestvolunteerabroadorganizationsintheUK.

Thecompanywasfoundedin2000.In2007,thecompanygrewbyjoiningwith

anothercompany,PTTravel,makingusevenlarger.In2014wesent10.000people

abroadonavarietyofserviceprojectsandinternshipsoverseas,morethananyother

company.Allparticipantsreceivethebestsupportfromourfull-time,professional

stafftoensurethattheexperienceissafe,worthwhileandfun.

Wehavelotsofveryexperiencedstaffworkingforus.Wehavearound150

staffmembers,themajorityofwhomareformervolunteersthemselvesinspiredby

theirownexperience.Someofthesepeopleareevenpartoftheoriginalgroupsof

volunteersbackintheearly90s.About75ofthosestaffarenotlocatedintheUKat

all,andspendtheirwholetimeinanothercountrysupportingthevolunteers.They

areexpertsonthelocalcommunitiesyouareworkingin,havingspenttheirwhole

livesthere.Theyhavevastexperienceinfieldssuchascommunitydevelopmentor

education.

Thetimesthatvolunteersjointheprogramvaryalot.SomejoininJuly

becausetheyhavejustfinishedstudyingatcollegeoruniversityandwanttodosome

volunteeringbeforetheymoveontoworkorfurtherstudy.Thewintermonthsare

alsopopularbecausepeoplewanttoescapethecoldweatherintheUK.Butthere

arenosetstartdatesandprogramsruncontinuouslythroughouttheyear;sothe

majorityofvolunteersstartwhenitisbestforthem.

TimeAbroadisanentirelyindependentorganizationwhichdoesnotreceive

anyfundingfromreligiousbodies,politicalparties,developmentorganizations,or

othersources.Andofcourse,wedon'trequestmoneyfromourpartner

organizationsinthedevelopingworld.Allourworkis100%fundedthroughyour

contributionsasavolunteer.Wedogethelpfromthegovernment,butthatisfrom

reducedbusinesstaxes,notfinancialcontributions.Itisthisfinancialindependence

thatgivesusthefreedomtosetupprojectswhereverwethinkitmaybeusefuland

wherewethinkthatourvolunteerscanmakeavaluablecontribution.

WhathappenedtoTimeAbroadin2007?

.Questions20to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

5.（分数：42.60）

A.Americanseatmorehamburgersthanbefore.

B.Americanseatmorefastfoodthantheydid.V

C.MostAmericansarefondofeatingsausages.

0.Americansspentsixmilliondollarsonfastfoodin1970.

解析：［听力原文］

Goodmorning,everyone.Today'stopicisfastfood.Formanypeopleinother

countries,fastfoodequalsAmericanfood.AllGermanseatsausages,allChineseeat

rice,andallAmericanseathamburgers,right?Well,urn,actually,wedoeatalotof

hamburgers.Infact,theaverageAmericaneatsthreehamburgersaweek,alongwith

fourordersofFrenchfries.Illtellyou,mysonisnotaverage,becausehe'deatthree

hamburgersaday,ifI'dlethim.AndIthinkheeatsfourordersofFrenchfriesby

Wednesday.But,eventhoughwestilleathamburgers,didyouknowthatweeat

lessnowthanweusedtowhenIwasyourage?In1976,weate94poundsofbeef

perpersoneachyear.Thesedays,weeat68poundsperperson.From94to68,that's

quiteareduction!Butjustbecauseweeatfewerhamburgersdoesnotmeanweeat

lessfastfood.Asamatteroffact,weeatmorefastfoodthanever.HereIssomefood

forthought:In1970,Americansspentsixbilliondollarsayearonfastfood.By2001,

thatnumberhadincreasedtoonehundredandtenbillion.Sixbilliontoahundred

andtenbillionin30years!Man,ifmystockshaddonethatwell,Iwouldn'tbe

standinghereteaching,I'dbeinmyprivateLearjetonmywaytoHawaii!

It'snotsurprisingthatv/espendmoreonfoodthanentertainment.Afterall,

wehavetoeat.ButAmericansspendmoremoneynotjustonfood,butonfastfood.

Isthishealthy?Urnzprobablynot.Maybeyou'venoticedthatAmericansaregetting

fatter.AndIdon'tmeanjustalittleplump.We'regettingobese.Americahasthe

largestpercentageofobesepeopleamongalldevelopednations.Didyouknowthat

morethanhalfofallUSadultsweightoomuch?Sodoabouttwenty-fivepercentof

ourchildren.TheUSsurgeongeneralcallsthisacrisis.Acrisis!Thinkofitlikeariver.

Itkeepsraining,andtheriverkeepsrising.Atfirstnooneisveryworried.Butthe

waterkeepsrising,andrising.Thenitoverflowsitsbanksandfloodsthecity.

Suddenly,wehaveacrisis.Whyisbeingobeseacrisis?Well,foronething,it'skilling

us.Obesity一um,beingtoofat一increasesthestressonourbodies.Ourheartsand

otherorganshavetoworkharder,andtheybreakdownsooner.Obesityisthe

numbertwocauseofdeathinAmericatoday,rightbehindsmoking.Weallknow

howbadsmokingis.Beingtoofatisthesecond-biggestkiller.

WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutfastfoodconsumptioninAmerica?

.Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

8.（分数：42.60）

A.ItwasarailroadintheUS.

B.ltwasdevelopedaftertheCivilWar.

C.ltgotitsnameinabout1931.

D.lthelpedslavesrunaway.V

解析：［听力原文］

Goodafternoon!TodayIwouldliketotalkabouttheUndergroundRailroad.

Now,oneofthemostinterestingevents,Ithink,inAfro-Americanhistory,wasthe

developmentoftheUndergroundRailroadintheyearsbeforetheCivilWar.Iguess

you'veallheardofthat,right?ThenyouknowthattheUndergroundRailroadwasn't

arealrailroad-itjustgotthatname,inabout1831,becauseatthattimethenew

steamengines,thenewsteamrailways,werebecomingimportantintheUS

economy.

So,theUndergroundRailroadwasn'tarailroad—itwasanetworkofpeople

whohelpedslavesintheSouthescapetotheNorth,tothenorthernstatesandto

Canada,mostly,butalsototheWest,toMexico,andtotheCaribbeanaswell.These

peoplewereblackandwhite,abolitionistsandfreeBlacksandvariousreligious

groups,andtheyhelpedslavesescapefromtheirmasters.Theyhidthemintheir

houses,andtheysecretlyconveyedthembywagon,byboat,andonfoot一toplaces

wherehumanslaverywasillegal.

It'sbelievedthatthesystemwasstartedbyaQuaker,IsaacHopper,nearthe

endofthe18thcentury,becausehehadbegunorganizingwaystoassistrunaway

slavesatthattime.It'sdocumentedthat,in1786,GeorgeWashington一beforehe

becamethefirstUSPresident——complainedthatoneofhisslaveswashelpedto

escapeby,quote,"asocietyofQuakers,formedforsuchpurposes",unquote.

TheUndergroundRailroadneverwasextensivelyorganized,thoughItwas

justaninformalnetworkofsafehousesandsecretroutesandmeetingpoints.The

peopleinvolveddidn'tknowanyofthedetailsofoperationsbeyondthoseintheir

ownimmediatearea——probablyjustenoughtoconveyfugitivestothenextstation.

Theparticipantsusedakindofcode,akindofjargon,basedonrailwayterms.

Thevarioushidinglocationswerecalled"stations",sothepeoplewhohidthe

runawayswerecalled"stationmasters",andthepeoplewhoguidedthemalongthe

route,whotransportedthemfrommeetingplacetomeetingplace,werecalled

"conductors".Andtheescapedslavesthemselveswerereferredtoas"passengers".

Onestationmaster;WilliamSteel,helpedhundredsofescapingslaves—asmanyas

sixtyamonth,andhekeptcarefulrecords,includingindividualbiographies,that

includedtheserailwaycodephrases.Thenhelaterpublishedtheseaccounts,after

thewar,in1872.

WhatdoesthespeakersayabouttheUndergroundRailroad?

PartIIIReadingComprehension（总题数：0,分数：O.OOj

SectionA（总题数：10,分数：0.00）

.Cryingishardlyanactivityencouragedbysociety.Tears,betheyofsorrow,

anger;orjoy,typicallymakeAmericansfeeluncomfortableand1.The

shedderoftearsislikelytoapologize,evenwhenadevastating（毁灭性的）tragedy

wastheprovocation.Theobserveroftearsislikelytodoeverythingpossibletoput

anendtothe2outpouring.Butjudgingfromrecentstudiesofcryingbehavior;

linksbetweenillnessandcryingandthechemicalcompositionoftears,boththose

responsestotearsareoften3andmayevenbecounterproductive（使达不至U

预期目标的）.

Humansaretheonlyanimals4knowntohedemotionaltears.Since

evolutionhasgiven5tofew,ifany,purposelessphysiologicalresponses,itis

logicaltoassumethatcryinghasoneormorefunctionsthat6survival.

Althoughsomeobservershavesuggestedthatcryingisawaytoelicit

assistancefromothers（asacryingbabymightfromitsmother）,thesheddingof

tearsishardlynecessarytogethelp.Vocalcrieswouldhavebeenquiteenough,

morelikelythantearstogain7.So,itappears,theremustbesomething

specialabouttearsthemselves.

Indeed,thenewstudiessuggestthatemotionaltearsmayplayadirectrole

inalleviatingstress.UniversityofMinnesotaresearcherswhoarestudyingthe

chemicalcompositionoftearshaverecently8twoimportantchemicalsfrom

emotionaltears.Bothchemicalsarefoundonlyintearsthatareshedinresponseto

emotion.Tearsshedbecauseofexposuretocutonionwouldcontainno

such9

Researchersatseveralotherinstitutionsareinvestigatingtheusefulnessof

tearsasameansof10humanillsandmonitoringdrugs.

A.attention

B.overwhelming

C.inappropriate

D.embarrassed

E.diagnosing

F.indispensable

G.rise

H.isolated

I.definitely

J.enhance

K.aspiration

L.emotional

M.repelled

N.substance

O.increasingly（分数：35.50）

1.（分数：3.55）

填空项1：（正确答案：D）

解析：空格前的and表明此处需要填入与uncomfortable并列的形容词或分

词，且同样含消极意义。embarrassed“尴尬的”可与feel搭配使用,表示眼泪

会让美国人觉得不舒服和尴尬。

［参考译文］社会不鼓励哭泣这样的行为。流眼泪，不管是出于悲伤、愤怒，

还是喜悦，通常都会让美国人感觉不自在、尴尬。流泪的人可能要道歉，即使是

因为遭受毁灭性的不幸而流泪。看见别人流泪的人可能要竭尽全力来终止这种感

情的宣泄。但是从最近对哭泣行为、哭泣与疾病之间的联系及眼泪的化学成分的

研究来看，上述两种对眼泪的反应都是不恰当的，甚至可能带来相反的效果。

人类是已知的唯一会流下动情泪水的动物。既然进化不会引起无目的的生

理反应，那么我们可以合理地假设：哭泣有一种或多种促进生存能力的作

用。。虽然有些观察者提出，哭泣是一种向他人寻求帮助的方式（如婴儿哭泣可

能是向母亲寻求帮助），但要得到帮助，几乎没有流泪的必要。出声的哭泣己经

足够了，比流泪更能引起注意。因此，眼泪本身似乎一定有某些不同寻常之处。

确实，新研究表明，动情的泪水对减轻压力起着直接的作用。明尼苏达大

学的研究员正在研究眼泪的化学成分，他们最近从动情的泪水中分离出两种重要

的化学物质。这两种化学物质都只在情绪激动时流出的泪水中才有。切洋葱时流

的眼泪不会含有这样的物质。

其他几所机构的研究人员正在探究通过眼泪来诊断疾病、监控药物反应。

2.（分数：3.55）

填空项上（正确答窠：L）

解析：此处需要形容词限定outpouring（宣泄）。眼泪是情绪的宣泄手段，故

选emotional"情绪的

3.（分数：3.55）

填空项1：（正确答案：C）

解析：空格前的are表明此处需要形容诃或分词作表语，修饰responsesto

tears（对眼泪的反应）。inappropriate“不适当的”与后面的counterproductive”使

达不到预期目标的”语义并列。

4.（分数:3.55）

填空项1：（正确答案：I）

解析：空格后的过去分词known修饰空格前theonlyanimals,句意是人类

是己知的唯一会流下动情泪水的动物。句子主要成分是完整的，故需填入副词。

definitely"明确地”符合要求，修饰known。

5.（分数：3.55）

填空项1：（正确答案：G）

解析：此处需填入名词，作hasgiven的宾语。giveriseto为固定短语，意

为“引起”。

6.（分数：3.55）

填空项1：（正确答案：J）

解析：空格前的that是定语从句的引导词，修饰functions,故此处需要谓

语动词，且是原形。enhance”提高，增强”符合句意，表示哭泣有一种或多种

增强生存能力的作用。

7.（分数：3.55）

填空项1：（正确答案：A）

解析：此处需要名词，与gain搭配，且语义结构与前文的gethelp一致，

故选attention"关注

8.（分数：3.55）

填空项1:（正确答案：H）

解析：空格所在句的主语是researchers,此处需要谓语动词的过去分词形

式，且能与from搭配。isolated”使隔离，使孤立”符合，表示从动情的泪水中

分离出两种重要的化学物质。

9.（分数：3.55）

填空项1：（正确答案：N）

解析：空格前的such表明此处需填入名词，指代上文提到的化学物

（chemicals）osubstance“物质”是chemicals的上义词，可指代，故正确。

10.（分数：3.55）

填空项1：（正确答案：E）

解析：空格后的andmonitoringdrugs表明此处需要与之并列的动名词，且

与ills搭配。diagnosing“诊断”正确，表示眼泪是诊断疾病、监控药物反应的一

种方式。

SectionB（总题数：10,分数：0.00）

.A.Astheworldgetswarmer;sealevelsarerising.Ithasbeenhappeningata

snail'spacesofar,butasitspeedsupmoreandmorelow-lyingcoastallandwillbe

lost.Atriskaremanyoftheworld'scitiesandhugeareasoffertilefarmland.Thesea

issettoriseametreormorebytheendofthiscentury.Andthat'sjustthestart.

"Unlessthereisarapidanddramaticabout-faceinemissions-whichnooneexpects

——thenextcenturywillbefarworsethanthiscentury/'saysglaciologist（冰〃I学家）

BobBindshadlerofNASA'sGoddardSpaceFlightCenter,Marylard.

B.Throwingtrillionsofdollarsattheproblemcouldprobablysavebigcities

suchasNewYorkandLondon,butthetaskofdefendingalllow-lyingcoastalareas

andislandsseemshopeless.Orisit?Couldwefindawaytoslowtheaccelerating

glaciers,drainseasintodesertsoraddmoreicetothegreaticecapsofGreenland

andAntarctica?

C.Theseideasmightsoundcrazybutwehavegotourselvesintosuchabad

situationthatmaybeweshouldstarttoconsiderthem.Ifwecarryonasweare,sea

levelswillriseformillennia,probablybywellover10metres.Slashinggreenhouse

gasemissionswouldslowtherise,butthelongerwehesitate,thebiggertherisewe

willbecommittedto.Evenif'"conventional"geo-engineeringschemesforcooling

theplanetwereputinplaceandworkedasplanned,theywouldhavelittleeffecton

sealeveloverthenextcenturyunlesscombinedwithdrasticemissionscuts.

D.Inshort,ifcoastaldwellersdon'twanttheirchildrenandgrandchildrento

havetoabandonlandtothesea,nowisthetimetostartcomingupwithPlanC.So

NewScientistsetoutinsearchofthehandfulofresearcherswhohavebegunto

thinkaboutspecificwaystoholdbackthewaters.

E.OneofthereasonswhythegreaticesheetsofGreenlandandAntarctica

arealreadyshrinkingisthattheiceisdrainingoffthelandfaster.Icefloatingonthe

surroundingseasusuallyactsasabrake,holdingbackglaciersonland,soasthisice

islosttheglaciersflowfaster.TheaccelerationoftheJakobshavnglacierin

Greenlandisthoughttobetheresultofwarmcurrentsmeltingthefloatingtongueof

theglacier.Otheroutletglaciersarebeingattackedinasimilarway.

F.MikeMacCrackenoftheClimateInstituteinWashingtonDCisoneof

thosestartingtothinkthatweshouldn'tjustsitbackandletwarmcurrentsmeltice

shelves."Istheresomewayofdoingsomethingtostopthatflow,orcoolthewater?"

heasks.

G.Lastyear,physicistRusselSeitzatHarvardUniversitysuggestedthatthe

planetcouldbecooledbyusingfleetsofcustomisedboatstogeneratelarge

numbersoftinybubbles.Thiswouldwhitenthesurfaceoftheoceansandsoreflect

moresunlight.MacCrackensaysthebubblesmightbebetterarrangedinamore

focusedway,tocoolthecurrentsthatareunderminingtheJakobshavnglacierand

otherslikeit.Acoupleofdegreesofchillwouldtakethiswaterdowntofreezing

point,renderingitharmless."Atleastthatwouldslowthepaceofchange,"

MacCrackensays.

H.Whataboutamoredirectapproach:buildingaphysicalbarriertohalta

glacier'sflowintotheseabybruteforce?Bindshadlerthinksthatisa

non-starter."Theicedischargehasmanysources,mostlyremoteandin

environmentswherebarriersarenotlikelytowork/'hesays."Takingjusttheone

exampleIknowbest,thePineIslandglacierinAntarcticadrainsintoaniceshelfthat

atitsfrontis25kilometresacrossand500metresthick,andmovesatover10

metresperday.Theseabedthereis1000metresdownandismadeofsediment（深

深物）hundredsofmetresthickandtheconsistencyoftoothpaste."Notyourideal

buildingsite.

I.Aslightlymoresubtleschemetoreinintheglacierswasproposedmore

than20yearsagobyDouglasMacAyealoftheUniversityofChicago.Hisideaisto

fighticewithice.Thebigoutletglaciersfeedintogiantfloating