2024-2025学年四川省名校联盟高三上学期10月大联考英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1四川省名校联盟2024-2025学年高三上学期10月大联考英语试卷第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdidthewomanthinkthemanwasgoingtodo?A.Washclothes.B.GotoSweden.C.Havesupper.2.Howmanypeoplewillhavedinnertogether?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.3.Whenshouldthemanmakethecallbyhistime?A.At5pm.B.At3pm.C.At2pm.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Theyneedtomakemoreefforts.B.Mostoftheworkremainstobedone.C.Theworkisnotasmuchasthemanthinks.5.WhichT-shirtwillthemanbuy?A.Theround-neckedonewithshortsleeves.B.Thelighter-coloredonewithaV-neck.C.Theblackonewithlongsleeves.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.WhatdoestheteacherthinkofDavid’smath?A.It’snotverygood.B.It’sexcellent.C.It’saverage.7.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Motherandson.C.Parentandteacher.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.WhyisthewomanunwillingtoplayJulietatfirst?A.Shedoesn’twanttomemorizelines.B.She’safraidtoplaywithMarie.C.Shedislikestherole.9.WhomayplaythecharacterJulietintheend?A.Lisa.B.Marie.C.Thewoman.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthewoman’shouse.B.Attheairport.C.Atahotel.11.WhatdoesthemanplantodoinCalifornia?A.Relaxhimself.B.Buyanewhousehere.C.PracticespeakingEnglish.12.WhydidDrewchooseMrs,McNamara?A.Theycomefromthesameplace.B.Herhouseisneartheschool.C.Shehasabeautifulhouse.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Whichwastheman’sfavoriteatfirst?A.Readingbooks.B.WatchingTV.C.Cleaninghouses.14.Whatdidtheman’smotheraskhimtodoinhisGradeFive?A.Readonebookeveryweek.B.Readtwobookseveryweek.C.WriteareportontheTVprogramme.15.Whattopicmighttheman’sbrotherbeinterestedin?A.Animals.B.Science.C.Engineering.16.Whatmadethemanbegintolovebooks?A.Thereviewsinthebooks.B.Therewardsfromhismother.C.Thenewexperiencegainingfromreading.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Whichbusdidthespeakergeton?A.Thefirstbusthatpassed.B.Thesecondbusthatpassed.C.Thethirdbusthatpassed.18.Whatwastheonlywordthespeakerknewofthelanguage?A.Thenameofthehotelinwhichhelived.B.Thenameofthestreetinwhichhelived.C.Thenameofthecityinwhichhewas.19.Whowasthesecondpersonthespeakerasked?A.Apostman.B.Apoliceman.C.Anewspaperseller.20.Whatcanwelearnaboutthespeakerfromthetext?A.Hehadn’treachedthedestination.B.Hehadarrivedinanothercity.C.Hehadfoundthehotelwiththehelpofsomeone.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWithmorethan400nationalparksacrosstheUSinthesystemofNationalParkService(NPS),fewerthanone-thirdofthemchargeentrancefees.Thefee-freedaysprovideagreatopportunitytovisitanewplaceoranoldfavorite,likeOlympicNationalParkorGreatSmokyMountainsNationalPark.Formorefun,visitorscancampinoneofthepark’scampgrounds.Mostcampingsitescostlessthan$30anight,andevenapackageofhotdogsareabargain.Spendingtimeoutdoorsisgoodforyourmindandbody.Fromhikingtosittingonabeautifulbeach,timeinthenationalparkscanbesomeofthebestdaysofyouryear.Everyyear,NPSoffersfreedaysduringwhichvisitorscanenterforfree.Nowreadonthefollowinglistbeforeyougo.ThingsToKnowBeforeYouGo•Sincenationalparksarepopulardestinationsduringsummerandholidays,makeroomreservationsasearlyaspossible,Visitorscanbookrooms13monthsinadvance.•Parkingcanbeaproblematpopulardestinationsduringthemiddleoftheday.•Keepaneyeonyourchildrenatalltimes.•Fee-freedaysdonotcoveruserfeeslikecamping,boatlaunches,parkingfeesorspecialtourfees.FreeEntranceDaysDateMartinLutherKing,Jr.DayMonday,January15FirstDayofNationalParkWeekSaturday.April20JuneteenthNationalIndependenceDayWednesday,June19AnniversaryoftheGreatAmericanOutdoorsActSunday,August4NationalPublicLandsDaySaturday.September28VeteransDayMonday,November111.WhatdoweknowaboutthenationalparksintheUS?A.Theyaremostlycost-freetoenter. B.Theircampingsitescostover$30anight.C.Theydon’tchargeparkingfees. D.Theirparksarefreeallyearround.2.Whatshouldvisitorsknowbeforetheygotothenationalparks?A.Campingfeesareincludedallthetime. B.Thetimeforbookingroomsistoolimited.C.It’seasytoparkattheattractionsanytime. D.Kidsshouldbewatchedallthetime.3.WhichbestsuitsthefamilythatwantsafreeMondayouting?A.NationalPublicLandsDay. B.MartinLutherKing,Jr.Day.C.FirstDayofNationalParkWeek. D.JuneteenthNationalIndependenceDay.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。美国国家公园系统中有400多个公园，部分公园免费开放，文章介绍了去公园前需知事项及免费开放日期。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Withmorethan400nationalparksacrosstheUSinthesystemofNationalParkService(NPS),fewerthanone-thirdofthemchargeentrancefees.(美国国家公园管理局(NPS)系统中有400多个国家公园，其中不到三分之一收取入场费。)”可知，大部分的美国国家公园是可免费进入的。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据ThingsToKnowBeforeYouGo部分的“Keepaneyeonyourchildrenatalltimes.(时刻注意你的孩子。)”可知，游客须时刻看护好自己的孩子。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章表格第二行“MartinLutherKing,Jr.DayMonday,January15(马丁·路德·金纪念日1月15日，星期一)”可知，MartinLutherKing,Jr.Day最适合周一出游的家庭。故选B项。BThreeyearsago,SatherGowdy,astudentatGonzagaUniversity,wentthroughabreak-up.Thentwoofhisclosefriendspassedaway.SoSatherwithdrew,avoidinggoingout.EverythingchangedonedayasSatherwasreturninghomefromclass.Anelderlywoman,standingbyheropentrunkfullofgroceries,askedhimtohelpher.Hehelpedhergettheminside.“Walkinghome,Irealizedmyheartfeelinglighterforthefirsttimeinweeks,”Sathersays.Hemadeadecisionnottoclosehimselfoff,butperformkindnesseverydayforhiscommunity.Satherstartssmall.Heoncenoticedhisneighbor’sfencewasdamagedandwantedtofixit,buthedidn’tknowhow.“Lackofknowledgedidn’tstopme!”hesays.“Ilearnedonline,boughtahammerandsomenails,andrepairedit.”Asthemovementhasgrown,sohaveSather’sresponsibilities.Hededicatesseveralhourseachdaytofindingwaystoserveothers—cleaningupthecommunityorassistingelderlyneighborswithyardworkandothertasks.“Servingothersisn’talwaysfun,”Sathersays.“It’shardworktoremaincommittedtospreadingkindnessthroughservingothers.Butevenonthetoughestdays,seeingthesmilesonmyneighbors’facesmakesitworthwhile.”“Thinkofsomethingthateveryonecomplainsaboutandthengodoit,”Satherrecommends.Analleynearhishouse,forexample,wasconstantlyfilledwithtrash.Neighborstalkedabouthowmuchtheyhatedit,yetnoonedidanythingaboutit.Satherspentseveralhoursdailyfortwoweekscleaningit.“WhenIwasdone,Isawincreasedjoyandprideinourneighborhood,”Sathersays.Sevenmonthslater,thealleyisstillclean.Satheroftenseesneighborscheckingonit,pickinguplingeringgarbageorcuttingbackweeds.“Startsmall.You’llbeamazedatyourimpact,”saysSather.4.WhatpulledSatheroutofthestateofbeingseparate?A.Thepositiveimpactoftheclassonhim. B.Theelderlylady’spracticalsuggestions.C.Thetimelykindnessfromthecommunity. D.Thesenseofachievementfrombeinghelpful.5.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A.HowSatherfeltabouthisbehaviour. B.HowSatherhelpsthecommunity.C.WhySatherfindswaystoserveothers. D.WhatSatherneededtofixhisneighbor’sfence.6.WhatcanwelearnfromSather’sstory?A.Doinggoodstartswithourselves. B.Worktogethertohelptheelderly.C.Beingproudhelpstoserveothers. D.Helpotherstomakethemstronger.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Hissearchforthesimplestjoy B.Hispursuitofthecommunity’shappinessC.Hehealedhispainwithactsofkindness D.Hechangedthecommunitywithhisefforts【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Sather在经历个人困境后，决定通过为社区做好事来改变自己的心态和生活，进而产生了积极的社会影响这一故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Threeyearsago,SatherGowdy,astudentatGonzagaUniversity,wentthroughabreak-up.Thentwoofhisclosefriendspassedaway.SoSatherwithdrew,avoidinggoingout.(三年前，冈萨加大学的学生SatherGowdy经历了分手。随后，他的两位密友也相继离世。因此，Sather变得封闭起来，避免外出。)”第二段“EverythingchangedonedayasSatherwasreturninghomefromclass.Anelderlywoman,standingbyheropentrunkfullofgroceries,askedhimtohelpher.Hehelpedhergettheminside.“Walkinghome,Irealizedmyheartfeelinglighterforthefirsttimeinweeks,”Sathersays.Hemadeadecisionnottoclosehimselfoff,butperformkindnesseverydayforhiscommunity.(一天，当Sather下课回家时，一切发生了改变。一位老妇人站在她装满杂货的后备箱旁，请求他帮忙。他帮她把东西搬进了屋里。“走在回家的路上，我意识到我的心情几周以来第一次变得轻松了，”Sather说。他决定不再封闭自己，而是每天为社区做好事。)”可知，Sather在经历分手和密友离世后变得封闭，但有一天他帮助了一位老妇人搬运杂货，这次经历让他心情变得轻松，并决定不再封闭自己，而是每天为社区做好事。因此，是帮助他人这一行为带来的正面情感和成就感让他摆脱了封闭的状态。故选D。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Satherstartssmall.Heoncenoticedhisneighbor’sfencewasdamagedandwantedtofixit,buthedidn’tknowhow.“Lackofknowledgedidn’tstopme!”hesays.“Ilearnedonline,boughtahammerandsomenails,andrepairedit.”Asthemovementhasgrown,sohaveSather’sresponsibilities.Hededicatesseveralhourseachdaytofindingwaystoserveothers—cleaningupthecommunityorassistingelderlyneighborswithyardworkandothertasks.(Sather从小事做起。有一次，他注意到邻居的篱笆坏了，想把它修好，但不知道该怎么做。“知识的缺乏并没有阻止我！”他说，“我在网上学习，买了锤子和钉子，然后把它修好了。”随着这项行动的发展，Sather的责任也越来越大。他每天花费数小时寻找服务他人的方法——清理社区或帮助老年邻居做园艺和其他工作。)”可知，第三段主要讲述了Sather如何帮助社区，如清理社区或帮助老年邻居做园艺和其他工作。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要讲述了Sather经历了个人困境后，通过为社区做好事来改变自己的心态和生活。他从小事做起，如修理邻居的篱笆，逐渐发展到每天花费数小时寻找服务他人的方法。这个过程表明，Sather的善行是从他自身开始的，他通过自己的行动影响了社区，带来了正面的变化。选项A“Doinggoodstartswithourselves.(做好事从我们自己开始)”与Sather的故事相符，他通过自己的努力和行动，从小事做起，逐渐产生了更大的影响。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Threeyearsago,SatherGowdy,astudentatGonzagaUniversity,wentthroughabreak-up.Thentwoofhisclosefriendspassedaway.SoSatherwithdrew,avoidinggoingout.(三年前，冈萨加大学的学生SatherGowdy经历了分手。随后，他的两位密友也相继离世。因此，Sather变得封闭起来，避免外出。)”第二段“EverythingchangedonedayasSatherwasreturninghomefromclass.(一天，当Sather下课回家时，一切发生了改变。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Sather在经历个人困境后，通过为社区做好事来改变自己的心态和生活，从而逐渐走出伤痛的故事。选项C“Hehealedhispainwithactsofkindness(他用善行治愈了伤痛)”准确地捕捉到了文章的核心内容，即Sather通过为社区做好事来治愈自己因个人困境而产生的伤痛。故选C。CAstudyledbyUCRiverside(UCR)atmosphericscientistspredictsthatuncheckedcarbonemissions(排放物)willforcetropicalrainstoshiftnorthwardinthecomingdecades,whichwouldprofoundlyimpacttheregionsneartheEarth'sequator.Thenorthwardrainshiftiscausedbycomplexatmosphericchanges.Thesechangesaredrivenbycarbonemissions,whichinturninfluencetheformationoftropicalconvergence(汇集)zones.Thosezonesareessentiallyatmosphericenginesthatdriveaboutathirdoftheworld’srainfall,whichAntonyP.Thomas,aprofessorofclimatechangeandsustainabilityatUCRreportedinapaperpublishedinthejournalNatureClimateChange.Tropicalregionsoneithersidetheequator,suchascentralAfricannations,northernSouthAmerica,andPacificislandstateswouldbethemostaffected.Majorcropsintheseregionsincludecoffee,cocoa,palmoil,bananas,sugarcane,tea,mangoes,andpineapples.Tropicalrainforestscanhaveasmuchas14feetofrainayear.“Therainfallchangeisenormous,”Antonysaid.“It'saveryheavyrainfallregion.So,asmallshiftwillcausebigchangesintheeconomyofthesocieties.Itwillaffectmanyregions.”Antonyandhiscolleaguesusedadvancedcomputermodelstopredicttheatmosphericinfluenceofcarbondioxideemissionsfromcontinuedburningoffossilfuelsandothersources.”Thisclimatemodelincludedmanycomponentsoftheatmosphere,ocean,seaice,andland.Allthesecomponentsareinteractingwitheachother,”hesaid.“Basically,wetrytosimulatetherealworld.Inthemodel,wecanincreaseourcarbondioxideemissionsfrompre-industriallevelstomuchhigherlevels.”Theanalysisaccountedforhowcarbonemissionsinfluencetheamountofradiantenergyatthetopofatmosphere.Italsoconsideredthechangesinseaice,watervaporandcloudformation.Theseandotherfactorsresultedinconditionsthatpushtherain-formingconvergencezonesnorthwardbyasmuchas0.2degreesonaverage.8.Whatmaybethemaincauseoftherainshift?A.Therainforests. B.Carbonemissions.C.TheEarth'sequator. D.Economicgrowth.9.HowdoesAntonyfeelabouttherainshift?A.Confused. B.Grateful. C.Worried. D.Indifferent.10.Whichwordcanbestdescribethestudy?A.Comprehensive. B.Widespread. C.Fruitful. D.Historic.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Therainshiftisunrelatedtohumanactivities.B.Therainshiftthreatensequatorialagriculture.C.Thestudy’scomputermodelswerenotpreciseenough.D.Theimpactoftherainshiftwillbelimitedtoremoteareas.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.B【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章讲述一项研究预测，不受控制的碳排放将迫使热带降雨在未来几十年内向北移动，将对地球赤道附近的地区产生深远影响。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thesechangesaredrivenbycarbonemissions,whichinturninfluencetheformationoftropicalconvergence(汇集)zones.(这些变化是由碳排放驱动的，而碳排放反过来又影响热带辐合带的形成。)”可知，雨带的移动主要是由碳排放引起的。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的““Therainfallchangeisenormous,”Antonysaid.“It’saveryheavyrainfallregion.So,asmallshiftwillcausebigchangesintheeconomyofthesocieties.Itwillaffectmanyregions.”(“降雨量变化很大，”安东尼说。“这是一个雨量非常大的地区。所以，一个小的转变会引起社会经济的大变化。它将影响许多地区。”)可知，安东尼认为一个小小的转变会导致社会经济的巨大变化。它将影响许多地区。因此推断Antony对雨带的移动感到担忧。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Antonyandhiscolleaguesusedadvancedcomputermodelstopredicttheatmosphericinfluenceofcarbondioxideemissionsfromcontinuedburningoffossilfuelsandothersources.”Thisclimatemodelincludedmanycomponentsoftheatmosphere,ocean,seaice,andland.(安东尼和他的同事使用先进的计算机模型来预测持续燃烧化石燃料和其他来源产生的二氧化碳排放对大气的影响。这个气候模型包括了大气、海洋、海冰和陆地的许多组成部分。)”可知，研究使用了“先进的计算机模型”以及考虑了多个影响因素,可见这项研究是全面的。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Tropicalregionsoneithersidetheequator,suchascentralAfricannations,northernSouthAmerica,andPacificislandstateswouldbethemostaffected.Majorcropsintheseregionsincludecoffee,cocoa,palmoil,bananas,sugarcane,tea,mangoes,andpineapples.(赤道两侧的热带地区，如中非国家、南美洲北部和太平洋岛国，将受到最严重的影响。这些地区的主要作物包括咖啡、可可、棕榈油、香蕉、甘蔗、茶、芒果和菠萝。)”可知，热带地区主要农作物可能受影响，说明雨带的移动威胁了赤道地区的农业。故选B。DEngineerKerstinGöpfrichbuildsmachines.Butratherthanbuildingmetaldevices,shemakestinyonestoworkinsideourcells.Göpfrichleadsaresearchgroupfocusingonthe“engineeringoflife”attheMaxPlanckInstituteforMedicalResearchinHeidelberg,Germany.Ourcellsarealreadyfullofnature-mademachinescarryingoutthedailytasksofliving.Manyareproteins.Butsometimesournaturalprotein-machinesdon’tworkright.Brokenbiomachinerycausesmanydiseases,Soscientistsareconsideringhowtheymightfixfaultyproteins.Theymightwireupartificialnervestoreplacedamagedones.Andthepotentialforsuchdevicesgoesbeyondmakingrepairs.Scientistsarelookingathowtogivecellsnewabilities,hopingthatbydevelopingenoughnovelbiomachines,theymightmakenewformsoflife.Soifaproteinisfaulty,whynotmakeanewoneinthelab?BackwhenFrankieRawsonwasastudent,heaskedhisteachersthat.NowananotechnologistattheUniversityofNottinghaminEngland,Rawsonhasansweredhisownquestion,“Itturnsoutthatwe’renotverygoodatartificiallyre-creatingwhatbiologydoes.”BiologistslikeRawsonandGöpfrichfoundaworkaround.They’recreatingnanomachinesthatdothesamejobsasproteins.Withtherightdesign,thesenanomachinescandosoeasieratlesscost.Theyalsocanbemorestableusingfeweringredients.Tobuildthem,researchersworkwithmanytypesofmaterials.Rawsonusescarbonnanotubes.Göpfrichevenusesbiologicalmolecules,suchasDNA.Ratherthanhealoldordamagedbodyparts,she’dreplacethemwithnewones.Scientistshavelearnedtomakesmallsynthetic(合成的)biologyfixes.Ourcellsmustworktogether.“Thinkofthemlikethewiringofahouse,”Rawsonsays.Flipaswitch,andalightturnson.That’sabig-scaleeffect.Buteachsmallpieceinthesystemmustworkproperlytogetthatendeffect.12.Whatdoesparagraph2intendtotellus?A.Thecostofrepairingproteins. B.Theprospectfornature-mademachines.C.Thechallengeofnaturalprotein-machines. D.Thebackgroundofcreatingnewbiomachines.13.WhyisRawsonmentionedinparagraph4?A.Topresentscientists’failureinbiology. B.Toconveyhisideaoflifeengineering.C.Toshowmakingproteinsinthelabishard. D.Toexplainwhynanotechnologyisimportant.14.Whichcanbestexplaintheunderlinedword“workground”inparagraph5?A.Anewdilemma. B.Adifficultcondition.C.Analternativesolution. D.Anunbelievablestory.15.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlyexpress?A.Theeffectofproteinsonourbody. B.Thecombinationofthewiringofahouse.C.Thecomplexityofthehumanbodysystem. D.Theprecisionrequiredforsyntheticbiology.【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家在生命工程和纳米技术领域的研究进展，特别是关于如何制造能在细胞内工作的微型机器（纳米机器）来替代或修复受损的生物机器（蛋白质）。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Ourcellsarealreadyfullofnature-mademachinescarryingoutthedailytasksofliving.Manyareproteins.Butsometimesournaturalprotein-machinesdon’tworkright.Brokenbiomachinerycausesmanydiseases,Soscientistsareconsideringhowtheymightfixfaultyproteins.Theymightwireupartificialnervestoreplacedamagedones.(我们的细胞已经充满了自然形成的机器，执行着生命活动的日常任务。其中许多是蛋白质。但有时我们的天然蛋白质机器会出现故障。生物机器损坏会引发许多疾病，因此科学家们正在考虑如何修复有缺陷的蛋白质。他们可能会用人工神经来替换受损的神经。)”可知，第二段作者想要介绍一下科学家们想要创造新型生物机器的背景知识，也就是希望用这种新型生物机器修复有缺陷的蛋白质和替换受损的神经。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“BackwhenFrankieRawsonwasastudent,heaskedhisteachersthat.NowananotechnologistattheUniversityofNottinghaminEngland,Rawsonhasansweredhisownquestion,“Itturnsoutthatwe’renotverygoodatartificiallyre-creatingwhatbiologydoes.”(当FrankieRawson还是学生的时候，他就问过老师这个问题。现在，作为英国诺丁汉大学的一名纳米技术专家，Rawson已经回答了自己的问题：“事实证明，我们在人工复制生物所做的事情方面并不擅长。”)”可知，第四段提到Rawson主要是因为他曾作为学生时向老师提出过关于在实验室制造新蛋白质的问题，而现在作为纳米技术专家的他回答了这个问题，指出“我们在人工复制生物所做的事情方面并不擅长”。这表明在实验室制造蛋白质是困难的。故选C。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线单词下文“They’recreatingnanomachinesthatdothesamejobsasproteins.Withtherightdesign,thesenanomachinescandosoeasieratlesscost.Theyalsocanbemorestableusingfeweringredients.(他们正在创造能做蛋白质相同工作的纳米机器。有了正确的设计，这些纳米机器可以更容易、更廉价地完成工作。它们使用的成分更少，因此也可以更加稳定。)”可知，他们找到了一种解决方法来解决上文提到的不擅长人工复制生物的问题。由此可知，划线词workground为“解决方法”之意。选项A“Anewdilemma(一个新的困境)”；选项B“Adifficultcondition(一个困难的状况)”；选项C“Analternativesolution(一个替代的解决方案)”；选项D“Anunbelievablestory(一个不可思议的故事)”。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Scientistshavelearnedtomakesmallsynthetic(合成的)biologyfixes.Ourcellsmustworktogether.“Thinkofthemlikethewiringofahouse,”Rawsonsays.Flipaswitch,andalightturnson.That’sabig-scaleeffect.Buteachsmallpieceinthesystemmustworkproperlytogetthatendeffect.(科学家们已经学会了进行小型合成生物学修复。我们的细胞必须协同工作。“可以把它们想象成房屋的布线，”Rawson说。拨动开关，灯就会亮。这是一个大规模的效果。但系统中的每一个小部件都必须正常工作，才能实现这一最终效果。)”可知，最后一段通过将人体细胞比作房屋的布线，强调每个小部分都必须正常工作才能达到最终效果，这突出了合成生物学所需的精确性和准确性。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。Gratitude,initssimplestform,istheactoffeelinggratefulforwhatyouhave.___16___Ifyouareapersonthatpracticesgratituderegularly,youmayhavebenefitedalotfromthat.Studieshaveshownthatpracticinggratitudecansignificantlyboostpeople’shappinessandwell-being,allowingthemtoliveamorefulfillinglife.Sohowcanwepracticegratitude?Herearewaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.Keepagratitudejournal.Keepitsimpleandeachdaywrite1-3thingsyouaregratefulforinthemorningandintheevening.___17___Alotofpeoplefocusonwhattheydon’thave,orcomplainallday,makingthemselvesupset.Butwhenyoufocusonthepositive,nomatterhowsmall,youattractmoreofthepositive.Don’tcompare.It’seasytocompareourselvestoothersandwantwhattheyhave.Whenyoudothat,you’renotappreciatingyourownuniquejourney.We’reallonadifferentlifepathandwewereborntostandout.___18___Flashasmile.Alotofpeopledon’tsmilethesedays,andoftenyouhavetobetheonethatinitiates(发起)it.Smilingatsomeonecannotonlymakeyoufeelgood,butalsomaketheirday,too.___19___Whileyou’reatit,givecompliments(问候),too.___20___It’seasytofocusonthenegativeofthepastorworryaboutthefuture.Ifyoucanliveinthemomentandtakeineverythingastheyhappen,you’lldiscoverjoysthatareoftenoverlooked.Therearejoysofplayingwithyourclassmatesintheplayground,theconversationwithyourfriendsacrossthetableandthesmellofrain.Enjoyandembracethesemoments.A.Liveinthepresent.B.Sohowoftendoyoupracticegratitude?C.Doyouknowhowtopracticegratitudesincerely?D.Itwillallowyoutoseemorejoyandbeautyinyourdays.E.Alwaysdiscoverthepositivesideofthepeoplearoundyou.F.Sosmilemoreandwatchhowyourdaycaninstantlyturnaround.G.Valuethepathyoutakeandbegratefulforwhoyouareandwhatyouhave.【答案】16.B17.D18.G19.F20.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了感恩的重要性和如何练习感恩的方法，通过给出具体的建议和步骤，引导读者学会感恩，享受生活中的美好。【16题详解】根据空后内容“Ifyouareapersonthatpracticesgratituderegularly,youmayhavebenefitedalotfromthat.(如果你是一个经常练习感恩的人，那么你可能会从中受益匪浅。)”可知，如果我们经常练习感恩，我们将从中受益匪浅。选项B“Sohowoftendoyoupracticegratitude?(你多久练习一次感恩？)”中的“howoften”与下文的“regularly”保持一致。故选B。【17题详解】根据空前内容“Keepagratitudejournal.Keepitsimpleandeachdaywrite1-3thingsyouaregratefulforinthemorningandintheevening.(坚持写感恩日记。方法很简单，每天早上和晚上各写下1-3件你心怀感激的事物。)”可知，空前内容建议我们要写感恩日记。选项D“Itwillallowyoutoseemorejoyandbeautyinyourdays.(它将让你在日常生活中看到更多的快乐和美好。)”承接上文，解释了记感恩日记的好处，同时引出下文“Alotofpeoplefocusonwhattheydon’thave,orcomplainallday,makingthemselvesupset.Butwhenyoufocusonthepositive,nomatterhowsmall,youattractmoreofthepositive.(很多人关注自己没有的东西，或者整天抱怨，让自己不开心。但是当你关注积极的一面时，无论多小，你都会吸引更多的积极因素。)”。故选D。【18题详解】根据上文内容“Don’tcompare.It’seasytocompareourselvestoothersandwantwhattheyhave.Whenyoudothat,you’renotappreciatingyourownuniquejourney.We’reallonadifferentlifepathandwewereborntostandout.(不要比较。我们很容易将自己与他人进行比较，并想要拥有他们所拥有的东西。当你这样做的时候，你并没有感激自己独特的旅程。我们都在不同的生活道路上，我们生来就是要脱颖而出的。)”可知，上文建议我们每个人都是独特的，所以不需要和别人比较。选项G“Valuethepathyoutakeandbegratefulforwhoyouareandwhatyouhave.(珍惜你所走的路，对你所是和所拥有的心存感激。)”承接上文，给出了具体的建议，即要珍惜自己的经历和所拥有的，不要总是羡慕别人。故选G。【19题详解】根据空前内容“Smilingatsomeonecannotonlymakeyoufeelgood,butalsomaketheirday,too.(对某人微笑不仅会让你感觉良好，也会让他们的日子更美好。)”可知，上文提到微笑的好处。选项F“Sosmilemoreandwatchhowyourdaycaninstantlyturnaround.(所以多笑笑，看看你的日子是如何瞬间变得不同的。)”承接上文，进一步强调了微笑的好处，并引出下文“Whileyou’reatit,givecompliments(问候),too.(同时，也给予赞美和问候。)”。故选F。【20题详解】空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“It’seasytofocusonthenegativeofthepastorworryaboutthefuture.Ifyoucanliveinthemomentandtakeineverythingastheyhappen,you’lldiscoverjoysthatareoftenoverlooked.Therearejoysofplayingwithyourclassmatesintheplayground,theconversationwithyourfriendsacrossthetableandthesmellofrain.Enjoyandembracethesemoments.(很容易专注于过去的负面或担心未来。如果你能活在当下，享受当下的一切，你会发现那些常常被忽视的快乐。比如在操场上和同学玩耍的乐趣，和朋友隔桌交谈的乐趣，以及雨的味道。享受并拥抱这些时刻。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是我们要活在当下，享受生活中的美好。选项A“Liveinthepresent.(活在当下。)”是本段内容的概述，与本段内容相符。故选A。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Duringaschooltalentshow,GraceSunrealizedmusiccanspreadjoyandcreatecommunityconnections.Followingthatperformance,GraceSunfelt___21___toorganizemoremusicevents.At16,she___22___anonprofitschoolserviceclubtoorganizeand___23___musicaleventsforseniors.Gracestartedonlineconcertswithafewclosefriendsandwantedto___24___theeldersinhercommunitywhooftenexperiencedloneliness.Shefirstgatheredagroupofpeersand___25___themtoperformforseniorsinboth___26___andin-personconcerts.TheconcertsreceivedsomuchpositivefeedbackthatGracedecidedto___27___theprogram.Someonethen___28___astudywithGraceabouthowmusictherapy(疗法)could___29___improvecognitive(认知的)conditionofpeoplewithAlzheimer’sdisease(阿尔茨海默病).That____30____hertoincludeadditionalperformancesforeldersdealingwithcognitive____31____.Thenewperformanceswouldgetan____32____inprogrammingaswell.Inplaceoftheirusualclassicalsongs,theyoungmusiciansplayedthepopularsongsin1960s.TheseniorswithAlzheimer’sdiseasehappily____33____alongwiththefamiliarsongs.Themusic____34____theirgoodmemoriesandbroughttheseniorstothetimestheyweremostcomfortablewith.It’sprettymagical.Heractionisagreatexampleofthe____35____ofconnection.21.A.shocked B.inspired C.honored D.relieved22.A.setup B.broughtup C.tookup D.openedup23.A.seek B.limit C.celebrate D.arrange24.A.include B.block C.abandon D.entertain25.A.persuaded B.allowed C.forced D.warned26.A.outdoor B.attractiveC.virtual D.practical27.A.cancel B.continue C.pause D.vary28.A.updated B.compared C.shared D.collected29.A.barely B.quickly C.patiently D.potentially30.A.motivated B.required C.permitted D.frightened31.A.hope B.decline C.improvement D.prospect32.A.adjustment B.opposition C.assessment D.encouragement33.A.wrote B.shook C.cried D.sang34.A.brokeinto B.gotthrough C.tappedinto D.messedup35.A.credit B.comfort C.valueD.bargain【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.D25.A26.C27.B28.C29.D30.A31.B32.A33.D34.C35.C【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了GraceSun通过组织音乐活动为社区老人带去欢乐，并受到音乐疗法对阿尔茨海默病患者有益的研究启发，进一步为认知衰退的老人提供额外表演的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：演出结束后，GraceSun受到启发，想要组织更多的音乐活动。A.shocked震惊；