2024-2025学年湖南省名校大联考高二上学期10月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省名校大联考2024-2025学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Attendalecture.B.Conductajobinterview.C.PickupMr.Longman.2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Howtochooseaclass.B.Whatclasstosignupfor.C.Whichclassismorepopular.3.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofaroadtrip?A.Boring.B.Interesting.C.Tiring.4.Whenwillthemananswerthewoman’squestions?A.Atabout4:45pm.B.Atabout4:35pm.C.Atabout4:15pm.5.Howdoesthemansoundintheend?A.Doubtful.B.Disappointed.C.Relieved.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatwillthewomando?A.Openacheckingaccount.B.Cashthecheckfor$100.C.Put$1,000inheraccount.7.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Showherbankcard.B.Makeacopyoftheforms.C.ProvideherIDcard.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whydoesthemanasktoseethedoctor?A.Histoothaches.B.Thereissomethingwrongwithhisheart.C.Hewantstoinvitethedoctortohavedinner.9.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Intheairport.B.Onthephone.C.Atarestaurant.10.What’sthewomanlike?A.Understanding.B.Impatient.C.Creative.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Interviewerandinterviewee.B.Salespersonandcustomer.C.Bossandsecretary.12.Whatisthemostimportantaboutthejobaccordingtotheman?A.Flexibletime.B.Goodmanners.C.Independentthinking.13.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shehasperformedwell.B.Shehasbeeninsalesforoneyear.C.Sheisunfamiliarwithsoftwareprograms.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhatdoesJeffwantthewomantodo?A.Helphimfindajob.B.Lendhimsomemoney.C.Buyhimanewguitar.15.What’sthematterwithJeff?A.Helosthisjob.B.Hegotacold.C.Hisguitarwasbroken.16.WhatisJeffadvisedtodo?A.Movebackinwiththewoman.B.Workfulltimeatthestore.C.Managehismoneywell.17.WhatisJeffprobably?A.Astudent.B.Aprogrammer.C.Amusician.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhydidthespeakersetoutforNewYork?A.Tolandanewjob.B.TomeetwithaTVproducer.C.Tovisitherbestfriend.19.HowdidthespeakergettoNewYork?A.Bytrain.B.Byplane.C.Bycar.20.Whathappenedonthespeaker’swaytoFlorida?A.Thebabycriedalltheway.B.Anairlineworkerofferedtolookafterthebaby.C.Ataxidriverhelpedtiethebaby’scarseat.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWhenthefirstmodernOlympicskickedoffinAthensin1896,itwasn’tclearwhetherthey’dlast.However,itcontinuedin1900and1904,butnotasamainattraction.SomeoftheOlympiceventsmightseemabitunusualtotoday’ssportsfans.Chariot(战车)RacingStartingaround684B.C.,driversracedeachotherinhorse-drawnchariotsattheOlympics,sometimescrashingintooneanother.OnlymencouldjoininOlympiceventsasathletes,butwealthywomencouldshowtheirsupportforchariotsassponsors.Becauseitwasachariot’sfunderwhoreceivedthevictorytitle,nottheracerhimself,thiswastheonlywaywomencould“win”attheOlympics.HotAirBalloonRacingThe1896Olympicslastedlessthantwoweeks;butthe1900Olympics,whichweretiedtothemonths-longworld’sfairinParis,ranfromMaytoOctober.Withtheexpandedtime,the1900Olympicsfeaturedmanymoreathletesandeventsthanthe1896Olympics,includingvarioushotairballooncompetitions.Hotairballoondriverscompetedintermsofdistancetraveled,altitudereachedandbestphotographtakenfromaballoon.However,hotairballoonracingmadeitsappearanceforthefirsttimeandalsothelasttimein1900.LivePigeon(鸽子)ShootingAnothereventthatappearedfirstatthe1900Olympicswaslivepigeonshooting.Inthiscompetition,organizerssetfreepigeonsintotheairinfrontofacompetitor,whothenshotasmanyaspossible.ThewinnerwasaBelgianmannamedLeondeLun,whoshot21pigeons.Altogether,thecompetitorskilledaround300pigeons.Luckily,livepigeonshootingonlyappearedattheOlympicsonce.PaintingStartingwiththe1912OlympicsinStockholmandcontinuinguntilthe1948gamesinLondon,theOlympicsheldartcompetitionsinpaintingaswellassculpture,music,architectureandliterature.Somepeoplecompetedinboththesportsandartcompetitions,andtwopeopleevenwonmedalsinbothfields.Theartcompetitionswerecalledoffbecausesomanycompetitorswereprofessionalartists,andtheOlympicsweresupposedtomaketheamateurs(peoplewhodidn’tgetpaidfortheirathleticorartistictalent)shine.1.HowcouldawomanbeinvolvedinChariotRacing?A.Bytrainingachariotdriver. B.Byfundingachariot.C.Bycompetingintheraceherself. D.Bycheeringforherfavoritechariotdriver.2.WhatdoHotAirBalloonRacingandLivePigeonShootinghaveincommon?A.TheywereacceptedasOlympiceventsonlyonceinhistory.B.Theyrequiredexcellentskillsinphotography.C.Theyinvolvedtheuseofanimalsasanecessarypart.D.Theywerewarmlywelcomedbytheaudience.3.WhyweretheartcompetitionsremovedfromtheOlympicGames?A.Thecostsoforganizingthemweretoohigh.B.Thequalityoftheartisticworkswasfarfromsatisfactory.C.Thecompetitorsdidn’tmeettheorganizer’sexpectations.D.TheOlympicGamesfocusedmoreonpromotingsportsthanarts.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了历史上曾经出现在奥运会比赛中而又消失了的比赛项目。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Chariot(战车)Racing”部分的“OnlymencouldjoininOlympiceventsasathletes,butwealthywomencouldshowtheirsupportforchariotsassponsors.Becauseitwasachariot’sfunderwhoreceivedthevictorytitle,nottheracerhimself,thiswastheonlywaywomencould“win”attheOlympics.(只有男性可以作为运动员参加奥运会，但富有的女性可以作为赞助商表示对战车的支持。因为获得胜利头衔的是战车的资助者，而不是赛车手本人，这是女性在奥运会上“获胜”的唯一途径)”可知，女性可以通过为战车提供资金支持来参与该项比赛。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“HotAirBalloonRacing”部分的“However,hotairballoonracingmadeitsappearanceforthefirsttimeandalsothelasttimein1900.(然而，热气球比赛在1900年首次出现，也是最后一次出现)”和“LivePigeon(鸽子)Shooting”部分的“Luckily,livepigeonshootingonlyappearedattheOlympicsonce.(幸运的是，活鸽射击比赛只在奥运会上出现过一次)”可知，热气球比赛和活鸽射击比赛都作为奥运会比赛项目出现了一次。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据“Painting”部分的“Theartcompetitionswerecalledoffbecausesomanycompetitorswereprofessionalartists,andtheOlympicsweresupposedtomaketheamateurs(peoplewhodidn’tgetpaidfortheirathleticorartistictalent)shine.(艺术比赛被取消了，因为很多参赛者都是专业艺术家，而奥运会本应让业余爱好者（那些没有因运动或艺术天赋而获得报酬的人）大放异彩)”可知，奥运会的艺术比赛本应让业余爱好者大放异彩，然而许多参赛者都是专业的艺术家。由此推知，艺术比赛从奥运会项目中被移除是因为参赛人员并不符合主办方的预期。故选C。BTheNationalGeographicSociety(NGS),aglobalnonprofitorganization,honorsthisyear’sNationalGeographicExploreroftheYear—biologistandenvironmentalistFernandoTrujillo—andcelebrateshisaccomplishmentsinprotectingtheAmazonianriverdolphin.InhonorofhisgreatcontributiontoworkingwithlocalcommunitiesinSouthAmericatoco-createmeasuresthatprotectendangeredmarine(海洋的)wildlifeandecosystems,theNGSispleasedtoannouncethatFernandoTrujilloisthe2024winneroftheRolexNationalGeographicExploreroftheYearAward.TheawardrecognizesamemberoftheNationalGeographicExplorercommunitywhotrieshisbesttoraiseawarenessofimportantissues,discoveriesandchallengesfacingourplanettogenerateasustainable(可持续的)future.“Fernandoisasolutions-drivenchangemakerwhohasspentmorethan30yearsresearchingandexplainingkeyissuesthatimpactourplanet,”saidJillTiefenthaler,CEOoftheNGS.“HisworkinSouthAmericaenhancesprotectionforendangeredwildlifeandsupportssustainablepracticesforthebettermentoflocalcommunities.TheSocietyisespeciallyproudtonameFernandothe2024NationalGeographicExploreroftheYeartoshowthepositive,significantdifferencehecontinuestomakeforourplanetandthosewhocallithome.”FernandohashadalonghistorywiththeSociety,receivinghisfirstawardin2008tostudytheAmazonianriverdolphinsinBrazilandPeru.FernandohasspentdecadesstudyingwildlifewithspecialattentiontotheAmazonianpinkriverdolphinsinSouthAmerica.“AstheAmazoniaexperiencessomeofthemostextremeclimatedisastersindecades,itisimportanttoshineaspotlightonthisissue,conductdeeperresearchandgeneratesolutionstoprotectthisregion,”saysFernando.“Throughthisaward,theSocietyisprovidingaloudspeakerformetoreachaglobalaudienceandencouragethemtolearnmoreandtocareaboutthechangesimpactingourplanet.”4.WhoismostlikelytoreceivetheNationalGeographicExploreroftheYearAward?A.Anindividualwhodiscoversthemostnewspecies.B.Ascientistwhocontributesalottospaceexploration.C.Acommunitymemberwhosparesnoefforttomakeasustainableplanet.D.Anenvironmentalistwhoraisesthemostfundsforenvironmentalprotection.5.WhatdoesJillTiefenthaler’sstatementsuggestaboutFernando’swork?A.Itisfullofdanger. B.Ittargetsclimateeffects.C.Itcentersonsolvingproblems. D.Itbenefitsthosewithouthome.6.WhatimpactdoestheawardhaveonFernando?A.Itwillincreasehisinfluencearoundtheworld.B.Itwillbringfinancialsupportforhisfuturework.C.Itwillprovideopportunitiesforhimtoworkwithgovernment.D.Itwillenablehimtolearnmoreaboutextremeclimatedisasters.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeFernando?A.Adventurousandlonely. B.Devotedandresponsible.C.Famousandambitious. D.Innovativeandimaginative.【答案】4.C5.C6.A7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了国家地理学会授予生物学家和环保保护主义者FernandoTrujillo“国家地理年度探险人物”奖，表彰他在保护亚马孙河豚方面的成就。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“TheawardrecognizesamemberoftheNationalGeographicExplorercommunitywhotrieshisbesttoraiseawarenessofimportantissues,discoveriesandchallengesfacingourplanettogenerateasustainable(可持续的)future.(该奖项旨在表彰国家地理探索者社区的一名成员，他尽最大努力提高人们对我们星球面临的重要问题、发现和挑战的认识，以创造一个可持续的未来。)”可知，“国家地理年度探险人物”奖旨在表彰国家地理探索者社区的一员，这个人会尽最大努力提高人们对我们星球面临的重要问题、发现和挑战的认识，以创造一个可持续的未来，由此可推测出，最有可能获得该奖项的是不遗余力建设可持续地球的社员。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的““Fernandoisasolutions-drivenchangemakerwhohasspentmorethan30yearsresearchingandexplainingkeyissuesthatimpactourplanet,”saidJillTiefenthaler,CEOoftheNGS.(NGS首席执行官JillTiefenthaler表示：“Fernando是一位以解决方案为导向的变革者，他花了三十多年的时间研究和解释影响我们星球的关键问题。”)”可知，Fernando是一位以解决方案为导向的变革者，他研究和解释影响地球的关键问题，所以他的工作以解决问题为中心。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Throughthisaward,theSocietyisprovidingaloudspeakerformetoreachaglobalaudienceandencouragethemtolearnmoreandtocareaboutthechangesimpactingourplanet.(通过这个奖项，学会为我提供了宣传，让我接触到全球观众，鼓励他们了解更多并关心影响我们星球的变化。)”可知，Fernando获奖这件事有助于增加他在全球范围内的影响力。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“celebrateshisaccomplishmentsinprotectingtheAmazonianriverdolphin”和第四段中的“thepositive,significantdifferencehecontinuestomakeforourplanetandthosewhocallithome”可知，他在保护亚马逊河豚方面做出了重要贡献，并致力于改善地球环境，由此可推测出，他非常有责任心；根据第四段中的“Fernandoisasolutions-drivenchangemakerwhohasspentmorethan30yearsresearchingandexplainingkeyissuesthatimpactourplanet”可知，他花了三十多年时间研究和解释影响地球的关键问题，由此可推测出，他非常有奉献精神。故选B。CWholecornisgoodforyou,butmanyofitsprocessedvarietiesarenot.Thelong-termhealthconsequencesofover-consumptionmaybesignificant.Whilemostofusareencouragedto“eatmorefruitsandvegetables”,weprobablydon’trealizejusthowmuchonevegetablehasbecomepartofourdailydiet.PeopleintheUnitedStateseatmorethan672billionpoundsofcornperyear,whichbreaksdowntomorethan2,000poundsperpersonannually.Eatingthewholeformofcorn—whichisalsoconsideredagrain—atasummerdinner,aspopcorn,orascornflourhasundoubtedhealthbenefitssuchasloweringone’sriskofcancer,stroke,andheartdisease.Butmostofusareconsuminglesswholecornandfarmoreprocessedcornintheformofcornoil,cornstarch,cornmeal,andhighfructosecornsyrup(果葡糖浆)—whichcancontributetonegativehealtheffectsincludinghighbloodpressureandhighbloodsugar.Asamainingredientinvariousprocessedfoodsandanimalfeed,cornhashadahugeimpactondietsglobally.IthassignificantlyinfluencedAmericanandglobalfoodsystems,promotingdietshighinprocessedfoodsandanimalfat,andlowinfiber(纤维)andnutritionaldiversity.Indeed,mostofusareunawarethatweareconsumingcornderivatives(派生物)incountlessfoodsourcesincludingbiscuitsandbread,babyfoods,chewinggum,doughnuts,icecream,candies,processedmeat,cannedfruit,andmostsoftdrinks.Isprocessedcornbadforyou?Absolutely.Thisismostobviousinthebyproductsofcornthathavebeenshowntohavenegativehealthoutcomes.Highfructosecornsyruphasbeenlinkedtoincreasedrisksofoverweight,heartdisease,andtype2diabetes.Somestudiessuggestthathighfructosecornsyrupincreasesmarkersofinflammation(炎症)evenmorethantablesugar.Highfructosecornsyrupmakesupabout40percentofouraddedsugars,soavoidingfoodswithitisonewaytonaturallyloweraddedsugarintake.8.Whenitcomestoprocessedcorn,________.A.themore,thebetter B.qualityshouldcomefirstC.thereisnoone-size-fits-allrule D.moreisnotnecessarilybetter9.Howhascornimpactedglobaldiets?A.Ithasledtoareductioninsugarintake.B.Ithasplayedamainroleinmanyprocessedfoods.C.Ithasgreatlyincreasedthevarietyofnutritiousfoods.D.Ithasreducedtheconsumptionoffruitsandvegetables.10.Whatcanbelearnedabouthighfructosecornsyrup?A.Ithasabettertastethantablesugar.B.Itmainlyconsistsofaddedsugars.C.Itprovidesanotherhealthychoiceforpeople.D.Itmaymakeonetakeinsugarwithoutknowingit.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardcornconsumption?A.Impersonal. B.Uncaring. C.Opposed. D.Supportive.【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了全谷物对身体有好处，但其许多加工食物对人体没有好处。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Wholecornisgoodforyou,butmanyofitsprocessedvarietiesarenot.Thelong-termhealthconsequencesofover-consumptionmaybesignificant.(全谷物对你有好处，但它的许多加工品种都不是。过度食用的长期健康后果可能是巨大的。)”可知，许多加工谷类食物并不一定对人体有好处，长期过度食用可能导致健康问题，由此可推测出，加工谷类食物并不一定是吃得越多越好。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Asamainingredientinvariousprocessedfoodsandanimalfeed,cornhashadahugeimpactondietsglobally.(作为各种加工食品和动物饲料的主要成分，谷物对全球饮食产生了巨大影响。)”可知，谷物在许多加工食品中发挥了重要作用。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Butmostofusareconsuminglesswholecornandfarmoreprocessedcornintheformofcornoil,cornstarch,cornmeal,andhighfructosecornsyrup(果葡糖浆)—whichcancontributetonegativehealtheffectsincludinghighbloodpressureandhighbloodsugar.(但我们大多数人消费的全谷物更少，而以玉米油、玉米淀粉、玉米粉和果葡糖浆的形式消费的加工谷物更多，这可能会对健康产生负面影响，包括高血压和高血糖。)”、第五段“Indeed,mostofusareunawarethatweareconsumingcornderivatives(派生物)incountlessfoodsourcesincludingbiscuitsandbread,babyfoods,chewinggum,doughnuts,icecream,candies,processedmeat,cannedfruit,andmostsoftdrinks.(事实上，我们大多数人都不知道我们正在无数的食物来源中食用谷物派生物，包括饼干和面包、婴儿食品、口香糖、甜甜圈、冰淇淋、糖果、加工肉类、罐装水果和大多数软饮料。)”和最后一段中的“Highfructosecornsyrupmakesupabout40percentofouraddedsugars,soavoidingfoodswithitisonewaytonaturallyloweraddedsugarintake.(果葡糖浆约占我们添加糖的40%，因此避免食用含果葡糖浆的食物是自然降低添加糖摄入量的一种方法。)”可知，加工谷物中含有果葡糖浆，果葡糖浆约占我们添加糖的40%，而大多数人都没有意识到自己正在吃这些加工食物，由此可推测出，果葡糖浆可能会让人们在没有意识到的情况下摄入糖。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Thelong-termhealthconsequencesofover-consumptionmaybesignificant.(过度食用的长期健康后果可能是巨大的。)”和第六段“Isprocessedcornbadforyou?Absolutely.Thisismostobviousinthebyproductsofcornthathavebeenshowntohavenegativehealthoutcomes.(加工谷物对你有害吗？当然。这在谷物的副产品中最为明显，这些副产品已被证明对健康有负面影响。)”可知，作者认为长期过量食用加工谷物有健康问题，由此可推测出，作者对食用谷物持反对态度。故选C。DScientistsareusingnewtechnologytohelpendangeredanimalsbylisteningtotheirsounds.Theresearch,conductedbyTheUniversityofWarwickandTheUniversityofNewSouthWalesinAustralia,studiesanimalsoundsfromendangeredspeciesincludingthatofelephants,whalesandbirds.Itusesanewmethodadaptedfromtechusedtostudybrainwavesinneuroscience.Analysisofanimalsoundscanbeusedtoestimatetheirpopulationsize,tocheckwhatanimalsliveinaparticulararea,tounderstandtheirmigrationpatterns,andtounderstandanynegativeimpactstheymayexperienceduetotheincreasinglevelsofnoisecreatedbyhumanactivitythatisoccurringinmostoftheirhabitats.Suchknowledgeisnecessaryindevelopingenvironmentalmanagementandprotectionstrategies.Thenewmethodwasshowntobemoreprecisethanthetraditionalones.Whiletestingthisnewmethod,calledtheSuperlettransform,thestudyalsorevealedsomepreviouslyunreporteddetailsinanimalsounds.Forexample,theAsianelephantcallisn’tjustmadeupofcontinuoussounds,butalsocontainssoundsthatare“pulsed”,orregularlytimedwavesofsoundenergy.“Thenewmethodachievesgreaterprecisionwhilemakingiteasiertouseforthosewithlessspecializedtraining,soitshouldprovetobeahugelyvaluabletoolforanimalsoundresearchersthatdon’thaveanengineeringbackground,”saidLeadResearcherBenJancovich,aPhDcandidatefromTheUniversityofNewSouthWales.Currentmethodshavedifficultyinpreciselyrevealingboththerhythmsandpitch(音高)ofsoundsatthesametime.Theselimitationsaremorepronouncedatlowerfrequencies,influencingtheanalysisofsoundslikethosemadebybluewhales—gentlegiantsofthesea,sadlylistedasanendangeredspecies.Thenewtechnologywillbefreeforpeopletouse,throughasimple-to-useapp,makingiteasyforresearchersfromdifferentfieldstouse,withoutneedingwideknowledgeofaudiosignalanalysis.12.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph2?A.Thesignificanceofproperanimalprotectionlaws. B.Theapplicationsofanimalsoundanalysis.C.Thechallengefacedbyanimalpopulations. D.Thetechniquesusedtostudybrainwaves.13.WhyistheAsianelephantmentioned?A.ToshowtheperformanceoftheSuperlettransform.B.TostresstheuniquenessofAsianelephants’calls.C.Toemphasizetheimportanceofstudyinganimalsounds.D.TocomparethedifferenceinsoundsbetweenAsianelephantsandotherspecies.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pronounced”inparagraph5mean?A.Varied. B.Complicated. C.Rare. D.Noticeable.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.IncreasingLevelsofNoisesAffectAnimalsB.ASimpleAppPreciselyTracksSoundsofAnimalsC.UnreportedDetailsinAnimalSoundsHaveBeenFoundD.NewSoundTechHelpsSaveAnimalsfromExtinction【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.D【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要说明了科学家们正在利用新技术来分析濒危动物的声音来帮助濒危动物。这种方法比传统方法更为精确，能够同时揭示声音的节奏和音高，并发现了之前未报道的声音细节。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Itusesanewmethodadaptedfromtechusedtostudybrainwavesinneuroscience.Analysisofanimalsoundscanbeusedtoestimatetheirpopulationsize,tocheckwhatanimalsliveinaparticulararea,tounderstandtheirmigrationpatterns,andtounderstandanynegativeimpactstheymayexperienceduetotheincreasinglevelsofnoisecreatedbyhumanactivitythatisoccurringinmostoftheirhabitats.Suchknowledgeisnecessaryindevelopingenvironmentalmanagementandprotectionstrategies.(它采用了一种新方法，该方法改编自神经科学中用于研究脑电波的技术。对动物声音的分析可以用来估计它们的种群规模，检查生活在特定地区的动物，了解它们的迁徙模式，并了解由于人类活动在大多数栖息地产生的噪音水平不断增加而可能对它们造成的任何负面影响。这些知识对于制定环境管理和保护战略是必要的。)”可知，本段主要讲述对动物声音的分析的实际应用。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Thenewmethodwasshowntobemoreprecisethanthetraditionalones.Whiletestingthisnewmethod,calledtheSuperlettransform,thestudyalsorevealedsomepreviouslyunreporteddetailsinanimalsounds.Forexample,theAsianelephantcallisn’tjustmadeupofcontinuoussounds,butalsocontainssoundsthatare“pulsed”,orregularlytimedwavesofsoundenergy.(新方法被证明比传统方法更精确。在测试这种被称为超波变换的新方法时，该研究还揭示了一些以前未报道过的动物声音细节。例如，亚洲象的叫声不仅由连续的声音组成，而且还包含“脉冲”的声音，或者有规律的定时声波能量。)”可知，提及亚洲象主要是为了表明超波变换这种研究方法的效果。故选A。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Currentmethodshavedifficultyinpreciselyrevealingboththerhythmsandpitch(音高)ofsoundsatthesametime.(目前的方法很难同时精确地显示声音的节奏和音高。)”以及后文“atlowerfrequencies,influencingtheanalysisofsoundslikethosemadebybluewhales”可知，当前的研究方法难以同时准确地捕捉到声音的节奏和音高，而这些限制在较低频率下更为明显，从而影响了对如蓝鲸等声音的分析，故划线词pronounced表示“明显”，与noticeable意思相近。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Scientistsareusingnewtechnologytohelpendangeredanimalsbylisteningtotheirsounds.Theresearch,conductedbyTheUniversityofWarwickandTheUniversityofNewSouthWalesinAustralia,studiesanimalsoundsfromendangeredspeciesincludingthatofelephants,whalesandbirds.(科学家们正在利用新技术通过倾听濒危动物的声音来帮助它们。这项由澳大利亚华威大学和新南威尔士大学联合开展的研究，研究了包括大象、鲸鱼和鸟类在内的濒危物种的动物叫声。)”结合文章主要说明了科学家们正在利用新技术来分析濒危动物的声音来帮助濒危动物。这种方法比传统方法更为精确,能够同时揭示声音的节奏和音高,并发现了之前未报道的声音细节。D项“新的声音技术有助于拯救濒临灭绝的动物”能够概括文章主题。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Formanypeople,findinghappinessisthefirstgoal,sometimesevenmorevaluablethanmaterialachievementandsuccess.Howcanyouchangehappinessintolastingfeelingsofsatisfaction?Thedifferencebetweenhappinessandsatisfaction___16___Happinessisshort,amomentofjoyandconfident,enjoyablefeelings.Lifesatisfaction,ontheotherhand,ismorelong-lived,basedonrealprogressandachievements,suchasyourrelationships,personaldevelopment,work,healthandcomfort.___17___Anditisaboutyourgoodlife.Inotherwords,satisfactionismoresubjective(主观的)andpersonalandcompletelyuptoyou.Thereisanotherwaytothinkofthedifferencebetweenhappinessandsatisfaction.Happinessisbeinghappyinyourlife.___18___Lifesatisfactionisbeinghappyaboutyourlife.Itisthepositivefeelingyougetwhenyoutalkaboutthepastandaboutyourlifeasawhole.HowtobuildalifeofsatisfactionBuildingalifeofsatisfactionisnoteasy.___19___Oneofthethingstodoinsearchoflifesatisfactionistocutdownonpeople-pleasingbehavior.Thisincludeslearningtobecompletelytruetoyourself,yourdreams,yourneedsandfreeingyourselffromdoingthingsforthewrongreasons.Anotherthingtoworkonisfacingyourfearsandbeingwillingtotakerisks.Ifthereisonethingthatissatisfying,it’sconquering(征服)somethingyouareafraidofandchoosingtodoitanyway.___20___Youspendalotofyourwakinghoursatworkandfeelingsatisfiedwithyourlifecanhaveagreatdealtodowithhowyouarechoosingtospendyourtimeandhowmuchvalueyouputonthat.A.Infact,itrequiresalotofwork.B.Thiswillhelpustogrowasaperson.C.Itisalsoimportanttofindmeaningatwork.D.Happinessandsatisfactionarenotthesamething.E.Afterall,satisfactionisawonderfulstateofhappiness.F.Satisfactionisalsomoreaboutyourownpersonalvalues.G.Itcanbeexperiencedimmediately,themomentittakesplace.【答案】16.D17.F18.G19.A20.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了幸福感和满足感之间的区别。【16题详解】根据标题“Thedifferencebetweenhappinessandsatisfaction(幸福和满足的区别)”以及后文“Happinessisshort,amomentofjoyandconfident,enjoyablefeelings.Lifesatisfaction,ontheotherhand,ismorelong-lived,basedonrealprogressandachievements,suchasyourrelationships,personaldevelopment,work,healthandcomfort.(幸福是短暂的，一瞬间的快乐和自信，愉悦的感受。另一方面，生活满意度则更为持久，它基于真正的进步和成就，比如你的人际关系、个人发展、工作、健康和舒适)”可知，后一句在指出幸福感的短暂性。由此可知，本句主要指出幸福感和满足感是不同的。故D选项“幸福和满足不是一回事”符合语境，故选D。【17题详解】根据上文“Lifesatisfaction,ontheotherhand,ismorelong-lived,basedonrealprogressandachievements,suchasyourrelationships,personaldevelopment,work,healthandcomfort.(另一方面，生活满意度则更为持久，它基于真正的进步和成就，比如你的人际关系、个人发展、工作、健康和舒适)”以及后文“Anditisaboutyourgoodlife.Inotherwords,satisfactionismoresubjective(主观的)andpersonalandcompletelyuptoyou.(这关乎你的美好生活。换句话说，满意度是更加主观和个人的，完全取决于你)”可知，后文提到了关乎你的美好生活，前后两句都在谈论满足感，并指出满足感与个人有关，那么第二个空应该进一步强调满足感与个人之间的关系。故F选项“满意度更多的是关于你自己的个人价值观”符合语境，故选F。【18题详解】根据上文“Thereisanotherwaytothinkofthedifferencebetweenhappinessandsatisfaction.Happinessisbeinghappyinyourlife.(还有另一种方式来思考幸福和满足之间的区别。幸福就是在你的生活中快乐)”以及后文“Lifesatisfactionisbeinghappyaboutyourlife.(生活满意度是对你的生活感到快乐)”可知，前后都在对比幸福感和满足感。由此可知，本句为描述幸福感的特点。故G选项“它可以在它发生的那一刻立即被体验到”符合语境，故选G。【19题详解】根据上文“Buildingalifeofsatisfactionisnoteasy.(建立一个满意的生活并不容易)”以及后文“Oneofthethingstodoinsearchoflifesatisfactionistocutdownonpeople-pleasingbehavior.Thisincludeslearningtobecompletelytruetoyourself,yourdreams,yourneedsandfreeingyourselffromdoingthingsforthewrongreasons.(寻求生活满足感时要做的一件事就是减少取悦他人的行为。这包括学会完全忠于自己，忠于自己的梦想，忠于自己的需求，从错误的理由中解脱出来)”可知，本句指出建立满意生活的不易，进一步解释为什么建立满意生活不容易。故A选项“事实上，这需要做很多工作”符合语境，故选A。【20题详解】根据后文“Youspendalotofyourwakinghoursatworkandfeelingsatisfiedwithyourlifecanhaveagreatdealtodowithhowyouarechoosingtospendyourtimeandhowmuchvalueyouputonthat.(你醒着的大部分时间都花在工作上，对生活的满意程度与你选择如何利用时间以及你对时间的重视程度有很大关系)”可知，本句指出工作中的满足感很重要，故C选项“找到工作的意义也很重要”符合语境，故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Mychildhoodwasdifficult,becausemyparentsseparatedwhenIwasjust2.Ilivedwithmymother.Our___21___situationwasfarfromgood.Mymotherwould___22___toherfriend’shouseeverymorning,whereshewouldhelpthemwiththehousework.___23___,theywouldgiveusfood.Later,sheworkedasafull-timehouseworkservant(佣人)onconditionthattheywouldletmestaywithher,___24___thatshecouldtakecareofallmyneeds.Toourgreat___25___,mygrandmotheralsosupportedus.The___26___pointcamewhenIwas5,whenChildrenInternational,anonprofitorganization,cametomyhometown.They___27___mynameonthelistofpeopletobehelped.Soon,akind-heartedpersonappeared,andtheorganization___28___us.Suchhappiness!WhenIreceivedmyfirstgiftinmylifefromthekind-heartedperson,Iwas___29___.Upuntilthen,Ididn’tknowhowimportantChildrenInternationalwouldbeinmylife.Ihappilyreceivedallofthegiftsinthefollowingyears.Ialwayswantedtobea____30____,andChildrenInternationalhelpedmewiththatdream.ItgavemetheopportunitytostudythroughaHOPEeducationscholarship.I____31____asthebeststudentbecauseIreallywanteditandIwantedtoimprovemoreandmoreeachday.____32____,I’mworkingasanurseforthesecondyear.Iam____33____tohavehadChildrenInternational’shelp,whichcontributedtomaking