2024-2025学年河北省高一上学期10月联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河北省2024-2025学年高一上学期10月联考英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASomeCoolSportsattheOlympicGamesTheOlympicGames,ortheOlympics,continuetodevelop,introducingsomeexcitingsportsthatattractthefans’attentionworldwide.SurfingInthe1920s,surfingfansbeganaskingforthesporttobeaddedtotheOlympicprogram.SurfingwasincludedintheTokyo2020OlympicGames.Thenthefamoussurfingplace,Teahupo’oinTahiti,hashostedthesurfingcompetitionintheParis2024OlympicGames.Thespeed,powerandflowofsurfersareimportantinthegames.Thevariety,typeanddifficultyofthetrickshavealsobeenjudgedbyfivejudges.BreakingBreaking,alsoknownasbreakdancing,startedintheBronx,NewYorkCity,inthe1970saspartofhip-hopculture.Itgrewaspartoftheundergroundcultureofthe1980s.Judgesscorethebreakersmainlybasedonmusicality,performance,originality,techniqueandcompletion.Eachonemakesuppartofthescore.SkateboardingSkateboardingbeganintheUSinthe1950swhensurfculturewaspopular.Thesportcontinuedtogrowandbecameverypopularatthestartofthe21stcentury,especiallyamongyoungpeople.AfteritsOlympicdebut(首次亮相)attheTokyo2020OlympicGames,skateboardinghasbeenpartoftheParis2024OlympicGames,heldatthefamousPlacedelaConcorde,inParis.SportClimbingSportclimbinghasbecomeverypopularoverthepast20yearsandisdonebothoutdoorsandindoors.In1985,climbersheldthefirstclimbingcompetitioninBardonecchia,Italy.SportclimbingfirstappearedintheYouthOlympicGamesBuenosAires2018.Aftergainingpopularityatyouthevents,itwasintroducedasanewsportattheTokyo2020OlympicGames.1.Whatcanwelearnaboutsurfing?A.Itneedsahighlevelofskill.B.ItmadeitsOlympicdebutin2024.C.ItwasaddedtotheOlympicsinthe1920s.D.IthasbecomethemostfamoussportinTeahupo’o.2.Howmanywaysdojudgesmainlyconsiderwhenscoringbreaking?A.3. B.4. C.5. D.6.3.Whatdoskateboardingandsportclimbinghaveincommon?A.Theyareonlydoneoutside.B.Theyareonlypopularwithyouths.C.TheymadetheirTokyoOlympicdebutinthesameyear.D.TheymadethefirstsportscompetitioninBardonecchia.【答案】1.A2.C3.C【语篇解读】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了奥林匹克运动会上的一些运动项目。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Surfing中“Thespeed,powerandflowofsurfersareimportantinthegames.Thevariety,typeanddifficultyofthetrickshavealsobeenjudgedbyfivejudges.(在比赛中，冲浪者的速度、力量和气场都很重要。技巧的种类、类型和难度也由五位评委进行评判)”可知，冲浪需要很高的技巧水平。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Breaking中“Judgesscorethebreakersmainlybasedonmusicality,performance,originality,techniqueandcompletion.Eachonemakesuppartofthescore.(评委主要从音乐性、表现力、独创性、技巧和完成度等方面进行评分。每一个都是分数的一部分)”可知，给霹雳舞打分要注意五个方面。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Skateboarding中“AfteritsOlympicdebutattheTokyo2020OlympicGames,skateboardinghasbeenpartoftheParis2024OlympicGames,heldatthefamousPlacedelaConcorde,inParis.(滑板在2020年东京奥运会上首次亮相后，成为了在巴黎著名的协和广场举行的2024年巴黎奥运会的一部分)”及SportClimbing中“Aftergainingpopularityatyouthevents,itwasintroducedasanewsportattheTokyo2020OlympicGames.(在青少年比赛中获得人气后，在2020年东京奥运会上被列为新项目)”可知，这两个项目都在2020年东京奥运会上亮相。故选C。BTimmy,whowasanexperiencedbusdriver,alwaysgreetedhispassengers,includinghisusualfriend,athirteen-year-oldJonathan,withasmile,whentheyboardedhisbus.Butthismorningwasdifferent.Becauseoftheheavysnowfalllastnight,almosteveryoneatthebusstoprushedinsideTimmy’sbustoavoidthecold,makingthebusmorecrowdedthanever.Aftertwentyminutes,hearrivedathisfirststopfortheday.Afewpassengersgotoffthebus.Whilethebuswasstillcrowded,itappearedtohavemorespace.Timmybreathedasighofreliefandcontinuedonhiswaytothenextstopoftheday.However,hewasamazedtohearthebuspassengersarguing.“Idon’tknowwhat’swrongwiththekidsthesedays!”Timmyheardayoungmancomplainingloudly.Timmyimmediatelylookedinthedrivingmirror.Butthereweresomanypassengersthathecouldn’tfindoutwhohadexpressedhisdispleasure.“Lookatthosebigeyesjuststaringatyou!Can’tyouseethatthepooroldladyisintrouble?Shehasbeenstandingforsolong!”Timmyheardanotherwomancomplaining.WhenTimmylookedinthemirroragain,henoticedamiddle-agedwomanstandingbesideanelderlywoman,lookingwithdissatisfactionatawindowseatwhereJonathanwasseated.“Well,”theelderlywomanspokeup.“Idon’tmindstandinghere.Asweknow,manyteenagersgetupearlierthanwedoandoftenfeeltired.”Timmydidn’tsayanything.Hecontinueddrivinguntilthesecondstoparrived.Heslowlyrosefromhisseat,removedasetofcrutches(腋杖),andgotclosetoJonathan’sseat.HesmiledatJonathanandtoldhimthathehadarrivedathisstopinsignlanguage.Afterreturninghissmileandgesturinga“thankyou”,Jonathangotoffthebususingthecrutches.ThenTimmyturnedtotheelderlywomanandaskedhertositdown.Theelderlywomansmiledbackunderstandingly.Theyoungmanandthemiddle-agedwomanwhohadjustarguedfeltreallysorry.4.Whathappenedafterthefirststopofthebus?A.Nopassengersgotoffthebus. B.Thebusbecamemorecrowded.C.Thebuswasstuckinthesnow.D.Somepassengersstartedarguingonthebus.5.Whatdidthemiddle-agedwomancomplainaboutJonathan?A.Hepretendednottoseethewindowseat.B.Hestaredatthepassengerswithbigeyes.C.Hedidn’tgivehisseattotheelderlywoman.D.Heignoredtheyoungman’stroubleonpurpose.6.Whatwastheelderlywomanlike?A.Confident. B.Considerate. C.Impatient. D.Impolite.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Timmydidn’tknowJonathan. B.Jonathanwasdisabledbutpolite.C.Timmywashumorousandfunny. D.Jonathandidn’tliketocommunicate.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.B【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了一个发生在公交车上的故事，两位乘客因为一个男孩没有给老人让座而争论起来，最后发现男孩是残疾人不方便才没让座。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Aftertwentyminutes,hearrivedathisfirststopfortheday.Afewpassengersgotoffthebus.Whilethebuswasstillcrowded,itappearedtohavemorespace.Timmybreathedasighofreliefandcontinuedonhiswaytothenextstopoftheday.However,hewasamazedtohearthebuspassengersarguing.(二十分钟后，他到达了当天的第一站。几个乘客下了车。虽然公共汽车仍然很拥挤，但它似乎有了更多的空间。蒂米松了一口气，继续前往当天的下一站。然而，他惊讶地听到公共汽车上的乘客在争吵)”可知，在第一站之后，公交车上有乘客开始争吵。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段““Lookatthosebigeyesjuststaringatyou!Can’tyouseethatthepooroldladyisintrouble?Shehasbeenstandingforsolong!”Timmyheardanotherwomancomplaining.WhenTimmylookedinthemirroragain,henoticedamiddle-agedwomanstandingbesideanelderlywoman,lookingwithdissatisfactionatawindowseatwhereJonathanwasseated.(“看那对大眼睛正盯着你呢！难道你看不出那个可怜的老太太有麻烦了吗？她已经站了这么久了！”蒂米听到另一个女人在抱怨。当蒂米再次照镜子时，他注意到一位中年妇女站在一位老妇人旁边，不满地看着乔纳森坐在靠窗的座位)”可知，中年女人抱怨男孩没有给这位老妇人让座。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段““Well,”theelderlywomanspokeup.“Idon’tmindstandinghere.Asweknow,manyteenagersgetupearlierthanwedoandoftenfeeltired.”(“嗯，”老妇人说。“我不介意站在这里。正如我们知道的，许多青少年比我们起得早，经常感到疲惫。”)”可知，老妇人会为青少年着想，是体贴人的。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Afterreturninghissmileandgesturinga“thankyou”,Jonathangotoffthebususingthecrutches.(乔纳森笑了笑，做了个“谢谢”的手势，拄着拐杖下了车)”可知，乔纳森是个残疾人，但很有礼貌。故选B。CAmericanfarmersareusinganancienttreefromIndiatoproducebeansformakingprotein-richfoodsandbiofuels(生物燃料).ThetreeiscalledPongamia(水黄皮).FarmersinthesouthernstateofFloridahavefoundPongamiatreesgrowwelltheretoo.Theyhavenowreplacedcitrus(柑橘)trees,whichhavelongfacedmajorstruggleswithdisease.Pongamiatreeslikehottemperaturesandcansurviveindryorrainyconditions.Theyalsodonotrequirespecialchemicalstokillinsectsandotherlifethatmightthreatengrowth.ClimateanddiseasehavelittleeffectonPongamiatrees.Theyaresostrongthattheycansurviveintheterriblesituationsevenwithoutmuchcare.Pongamiatreescanproducesmallbrownbeans.Thebeanscanbeusedintheproductionofseveralproducts,includingcookingoilandprotein-richfoods.Thebeanscanalsobeusedtoproduceakindofbiofuel,mostlyforairplanes.Unlikeorangesandothercitrusfruits,thebeansdonotrequiremuchefforttopick.Instead,theycanbecollectedwithamachinethatshakesthetreestomakethemfalltotheground.ASanFrancisco-basedcompanyhasinventedaprocessthatremovessomethingfromthebeansthatgivesthemabadtaste,allowingthebeanstobeusedforfoodproduction.Expertssaidthatturningthewildtreesintoanagriculturalsuccessstorywasnoteasy.Therearenobookstoreadonthesubject,andnooneelsehasevertriedit.JohnOlsonisaFloridafarmerwhoreplacedhiscitrustreeswith87hectaresofPongamia.Hehadlittlechoicebecause,forthemostpart,thecitrustreesdiedofdisease,andthecitrusindustryhasdiedinFlorida,too.Olsonsaidhiscitrusbusinessmademoneythroughoutthe1980sand1990s,althoughthefarmwasnotlarge.8.WhichofthefollowingfitsPongamiatrees?A.Theysufferfromdiseaseeasily.B.Theygrowslowlyevenwithmuchcare.C.Theyrequirespecialchemicalstokillinsects.D.Theycansurviveinthebadnaturalenvironment.9.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytellusaboutPongamiabeans?A.Theirspecialtaste. B.Theirpracticalvalue.C.Theirproductionprocess. D.Theirgrowingenvironment.10.WhichwordbestdescribesthewayofcollectingPongamiabeans?A.Easy. B.Costly. C.Stupid. D.Troublesome.11.WhatmadeJohnOlsongiveuphiscitrustrees?A.Thesizeofthefarm. B.Thebuyingprice.C.Theplantdisease. D.Therequestfromthecompany.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.C【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文，主要介绍了水黄皮这种植物的特性及种植前景。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Pongamiatreeslikehottemperaturesandcansurviveindryorrainyconditions.(水黄皮树喜欢高温，可以在干燥或多雨的条件下生存)”及“Theyaresostrongthattheycansurviveintheterriblesituationsevenwithoutmuchcare.(它们是如此的坚强，他们可以在可怕的情况下生存，即使没有太多的照顾)”可知，水黄皮树能在恶劣的自然环境中生存。故选D。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Pongamiatreescanproducesmallbrownbeans.Thebeanscanbeusedintheproductionofseveralproducts,includingcookingoilandprotein-richfoods.Thebeanscanalsobeusedtoproduceakindofbiofuel,mostlyforairplanes.(水黄皮树可以生产小的棕色豆子。这种豆子可以用于生产几种产品，包括食用油和富含蛋白质的食物。这些豆子还可以用来生产一种生物燃料，主要用于飞机)”可知，本段主要介绍了水黄皮树的实用价值。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Unlikeorangesandothercitrusfruits,thebeansdonotrequiremuchefforttopick.Instead,theycanbecollectedwithamachinethatshakesthetreestomakethemfalltotheground.(与橙子和其他柑橘类水果不同，这种豆子不需要花太多力气采摘。相反，它们可以用一种机器收集，这种机器可以摇动树木，让它们掉在地上)”可知，收集水黄皮树的豆子不需要太多力气，因此是容易的。故选A。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Hehadlittlechoicebecause,forthemostpart,thecitrustreesdiedofdisease,andthecitrusindustryhasdiedinFlorida,too.(他别无选择，因为在大多数情况下，柑橘树都死于疾病，佛罗里达州的柑橘产业也死了)”可知，JohnOlson放弃他的柑橘树是因为柑橘类植物的疾病。故选C。DNewtechnologiescankillsomeoldjobs,buttheycanalsocreatenewjobs.Whatisthebalancebetweenthesetwothings?AnewresearchprojectledbyMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)economistDavidAutorandhisworkmateshasdevelopedacompletelynewmethodforstudyingtheproblem.Sincethelastcentury,Autorandhisworkmateshavesearchedabout35,000jobslistedintheUS,followedhowtheyappearedovertimeandfoundtheconnectionsbetweennewtechnologiesandtheireffects.Thathasallowedthem,forthefirsttime,tomeasuretheeffectsoftechnologyuponbothjoblossandjobcreation:Howmanyjobshavebeenlosttomachines,andhowmanyjobshavebeencreatedthroughaugmentation(增大),inwhichtechnologycreatesnewtasks.Youcanthinkofautomation(自动化)asamachinethattakesajob,andaugmentationasatechnologythatincreasesthevarietyandqualityofhumanwork.Overtheyears,thereappearstohavebeenafasterspeedofautomation,andaslowerspeedofaugmentation.Thestudyfinds,from1980tothepresent,jobslikeelevatoroperatorsaregettingautomated.Butatthesametime,moreworkersfilledrolessuchasbuyersanddepartmentheads,wheretechnologyhascreatedaneedformoreemployees.Automationandaugmentationoftenhappenwithinthesameindustries.Withinthesamelargefirm,forexample,theremaybefewermachinistsbutmoresystemsanalysts.“AIisreallydifferent,”Autorsays.“Itmaysubstitutesomeexpertknowledgeorskills,butmayadddecision-makingtasks.Ittakesawhiletofigurethemout.Forexample,ittookyearsforGPStobeinsmartphones.”Allthemeasuresshowautomationanditseffectsondisplacingworkers.Ashumans,wearesurprisedthatwecanimproveaugmentation.12.WhatdoAutorandhisworkmatesmainlyworkon?A.Thekeytosearchingforjobs. B.Thesolutionstotakingupnewtasks.C.Theapplicationofmachinestoindustry. D.Theeffectsofnewtechnologiesonjobs.13.Howdoestheauthorexplainautomationandaugmentationinparagraph3?A.Byusingrealnumbers. B.Byguessing.C.Bytellinghistoricalstories. D.Bycomparing.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“substitute”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Taketheplaceof. B.Dependon.C.Takefullresponsibilityfor. D.Concentrateon.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.IsAItheMostImportantTechnology?B.AreNewTechnologiesJobKillersorCreators?C.WhichIsBetter,AutomationorAugmentation?D.WhoAreMoreEffective,HumansorMachines?【答案】12.D13.D14.A15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是新技术对工作有双重影响，它既可能导致工作岗位流失，也可能创造新的工作岗位。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Newtechnologiescankillsomeoldjobs,buttheycanalsocreatenewjobs.Whatisthebalancebetweenthesetwothings?AnewresearchprojectledbyMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)economistDavidAutorandhisworkmateshasdevelopedacompletelynewmethodforstudyingtheproblem.(新技术可以消灭一些旧的工作，但它们也可以创造新的工作。这两者之间的平衡是什么？麻省理工学院（MIT）经济学家大卫·奥托尔（DavidAutor）和他的同事们领导的一项新研究项目开发了一种全新的方法来研究这个问题。)”可知，Autor及其团队主要研究新技术对工作岗位的影响。故选D项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Youcanthinkofautomation(自动化)asamachinethattakesajob,andaugmentationasatechnologythatincreasesthevarietyandqualityofhumanwork.(您可以将automation想象成一台接受工作的机器，而将augmentation想象成一种增加人类工作种类和质量的技术。)”可知，把自动化（automation）看作一台接受工作的机器，把增大化看作增加人类工作种类和质量的技术，由此可知，作者通过比较自动化（automation）和增大化（augmentation）的不同作用来解释它们的概念。故选D项。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线单词前的“Automationandaugmentationoftenhappenwithinthesameindustries.Withinthesamelargefirm,forexample,theremaybefewermachinistsbutmoresystemsanalysts.“AIisreallydifferent,”Autorsays.(自动化和增大化通常发生在相同的行业中。例如，在同一家大公司内，机器可能更少，但系统分析师却更多。“人工智能真的很不一样，”奥特尔说。)”可知，Autor认为在同一家大公司内，机器可能更少，但系统分析师却更多，而AI不一样，结合下文的“Allthemeasuresshowautomationanditseffectsondisplacingworkers.(所有这些指标都显示了自动化及其对取代工人的影响。)”可知，此处指的是AI可能会“替代”一些专业知识或技能，由此可知，划线但词的词义与“取代”意思一致。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据首段“Newtechnologiescankillsomeoldjobs,buttheycanalsocreatenewjobs.Whatisthebalancebetweenthesetwothings?AnewresearchprojectledbyMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)economistDavidAutorandhisworkmateshasdevelopedacompletelynewmethodforstudyingtheproblem.(新技术可以消灭一些旧的工作，但它们也可以创造新的工作。这两者之间的平衡是什么？麻省理工学院（MIT）经济学家大卫·奥托尔（DavidAutor）和他的同事们领导的一项新研究项目开发了一种全新的方法来研究这个问题。)”以及下文讨论的新技术对工作的双重影响，它既可能导致工作岗位流失，也可能创造新的工作岗位可知，标题“新技术是工作杀手还是创造者？”可以概括本文的主题，适合为文章的最佳标题。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Improvingyourdailymealscangreatlyimproveyourhealthandaddenjoymenttoyourlife.Simplechangescanmakediningmoredelightfulanduplifting,contributingtoyouroverallhappiness.____16____●Notjustcountthenutrients(营养素).Somepeopleareinthehabitofalwayscountingtheircalories.Fooddoesmainlyprovidenutrition,whichkeepsyoufitandstrong.____17____Sodon’tjustthinkaboutthecalories,butthinkabouthowthedeliciousfoodwillgiveyouenergy,makingyouhappy!●Enjoytheprocess.Eatingamealstartsbeforemealtime.Ifyouaretheonepreparingandcookingthemeal,chancesarethatyoubuytheingredients,preparethefood,cookit,andthensitdowntoeat.____18____Findmealideasthatmakeyouexcited.Cookwithbackgroundmusic.Andthensetabeautifultableandenjoythefruitsofyourwork.●____19____Mealtimesaretheperfecttimetogettoknoweachotherbetterandenjoyeachother’scompany.Sittingtogethertohaveamealasafamilyisagreatwaytotrynewfoodsandtogetthewholefamilyinvolvedinthepreparationtoo.Yougettocreatememoriesandhopefullytakesomepictureswhileyouareatit.●Trysomethingnew.Areyouadventurousinthekitchen?____20____Eitherway,preparingsomethingnewcanbringasenseofjoyintoyourmeals.Eveniftherecipedoesn’tworkoutperfectly,it’sstillanewexperience.Sogoaheadandopenacookbooktochoosesomethingnewtomake.A.Trynewfoods.B.Enjoyfamilytime.C.Allofthosestepscanbefunexperiences.D.Ordoyouprepareyoursamemealstimeandtimeagain?E.Herearesomemethodstoaddmorehappinesstoyourmeals.F.Butisexperiencingnewthingsevenmoredifficultthanwethink?G.Yet,thatdoesn’tmeanyoucan’tgetpleasureoutofwhatyoueat.【答案】16.E17.G18.C19.B20.D【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文，讲述了如何让饮食更快乐的方法。【16题详解】前文“Simplechangescanmakediningmoredelightfulanduplifting,contributingtoyouroverallhappiness.(简单的改变可以让用餐更加愉快和振奋，有助于你的整体幸福)”可知，空前描述简单饮食上的改变的好处，下文讲到了几种方法，空处承上启下，E选项“这里有一些方法可以让你的饮食更快乐”符合语境。故选E。【17题详解】前文“Fooddoesmainlyprovidenutrition,whichkeepsyoufitandstrong.(食物主要提供营养，让你保持健康和强壮)”表示食物能够提供让你健康和强壮的营养，后文“Sodon’tjustthinkaboutthecalories,butthinkabouthowthedeliciousfoodwillgiveyouenergy,makingyouhappy!(所以不要只考虑卡路里，而是想想美味的食物如何给你能量，让你快乐)”表示不要总想着计算食物热量，应多关注食物如何能让自己变得快乐，G选项“然而，这并不意味着你不能从你吃的东西中获得快乐”同样表示可以从食物中获得快乐，引出下文。故选G。【18题详解】前文“Ifyouaretheonepreparingandcookingthemeal,chancesarethatyoubuytheingredients,preparethefood,cookit,andthensitdowntoeat.(如果你是准备和烹饪一顿饭的人，那么很有可能是你买食材，准备食物，烹饪，然后坐下来吃)”表示在吃食物之前需要准备和烹饪食物，后文“Findmealideasthatmakeyouexcited.Cookwithbackgroundmusic.Andthensetabeautifultableandenjoythefruitsofyourwork.(找到让你兴奋的美食点子。伴着背景音乐做饭。然后摆一张漂亮的桌子，享受你的工作成果)”表示要让这一过程变得有趣，C选项“所有这些步骤都可以是有趣的体验”承上启下，且thosesteps与前文buytheingredients,preparethefood,cookit,andthensitdowntoeat呼应。故选C。【19题详解】空处为本段小标题，根据后文“Mealtimesaretheperfecttimetogettoknoweachotherbetterandenjoyeachother’scompany.Sittingtogethertohaveamealasafamilyisagreatwaytotrynewfoodsandtogetthewholefamilyinvolvedinthepreparationtoo.(用餐时间是增进彼此了解和享受彼此陪伴的最佳时间。一家人坐在一起吃饭是尝试新食物的好方法，也是让整个家庭都参与准备的好方法)”可知，本段主要表示与家人一起吃饭，B选项“享受家庭时光”符合本段主旨。故选B。【20题详解】前文“Areyouadventurousinthekitchen?(你在厨房有冒险精神吗)”及后文“Eitherway,preparingsomethingnewcanbringasenseofjoyintoyourmeals.(无论如何，准备一些新的东西可以给你的食物带来一种快乐的感觉)”中eitherway提醒空处应提出另外一种可能性，D选项“还是一遍又一遍地准备同样的饭菜”与前一句有厨房冒险精神是一个事物的两个方面，符合语境。故选D。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Nancywasasinglemother,whohadthreechildrentoraise.Comingfromacommonfamily,she,onceahousewife,lackedspecificskills.Regardlessofit,she____21____tofindwork.Thensherespondedtoanadforacleaneratamodernapartmentownedbya(n)____22____businesswoman.The____23____wassimple,includingarrangingsomepaperworkand____24____theapartment.Accordingtothebusinesswoman’srules,Nancytooknotroubleandtriedtoworkwithout____25____corners.Shefoundsomeloose____26____—afewdollarsandcoinsaroundtheapartment.Itseemedinsignificanttothe____27____whohadlotsofmoney,buttoNancy,itmeantalot—itcould____28____herfamily’sfoodexpenses.Nancy____29____themoneyandplaceditontheteatable.Afterfinishingher______30______,sheleft.Thenextday,Nancywasofferedthejob.Themoneywasjustatestofherqualities.Nancy’sfatherhadalwaystaughthertheimportanceof______31______andhardwork,whichguidedhertogetthejobeveninthe______32______time.Overtime,Nancy’sresponsibilityandattentiontodetailsmadehera______33______helpertoheremployer.Withefforts,Nancy’sroleexpanded.She______34______managedheremployer’sfinance(财务),alwaysstickingtoher______35______—beinghonestandtrustworthy.Now,Nancyhasnotonlyprovidedeconomicsupportforherfamilybutalsobecomeafinancialassistant.21.A.refused B.hated C.decided D.agreed22.A.funny B.wealthy C.unfriendly D.struggling23.A.advice B.question C.interview D.speech24.A.cleaningup B.lightingup C.keepingoff D.sellingoff25.A.entering B.exploring C.checking D.cutting26.A.change B.rubbish C.paper D.water27.A.child B.volunteer C.man D.owner28.A.introduce B.cover C.control D.increase29.A.collected B.required C.paid D.spent30.A.homework B.topic C.adventure D.task31.A.patience B.confidence C.creativity D.honesty32.A.frightening B.difficult C.safe D.relaxing33.A.brave B.polite C.dependable D.humorous34.A.even B.still C.only D.seldom35.A.goals B.careers C.values D.interests【答案】21.C22.B23.C24.A25.D26.A27.D28.B29.A30.D31.D32.B33.C34.A35.C【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了单亲妈妈南希在面试时由于自己的诚信获得了女雇主的信任，最终成为女商人财务助理的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，她还是决定找份工作。A.refused拒绝；B.hated讨厌；C.decided决定；D.agreed同意。根据第一句“Nancywasasinglemother,whohadthreechildrentoraise.”及“lackedspecificskills”可知，尽管南希缺乏技能，她还是决定找份工作来养自己的三个孩子。故选C项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来，她在一个富有的女商人的现代公寓里应聘一名清洁工。A.funny滑稽的；B.wealthy富有的；C.unfriendly不友好的；D.struggling苦苦挣扎的。根据下文“afewdollarsandcoinsaroundtheapartment.Itseemedinsignificanttothe________whohadlotsofmoney”及“businesswoman”可知，这位女商人是雇主，因此是有钱的。故选B项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：面试很简单，包括整理一些文件和打扫公寓。A.advice建议；B.question问题；C.interview面试；D.speech演讲。根据第三段“Thenextday,Nancywasofferedthejob.”可知，第二段描写南希被安排的面试过程。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：面试很简单，包括整理一些文件和打扫公寓。A.cleaningup收拾干净；B.lightingup照亮，变亮；C.keepingoff与……保持距离；D.sellingoff甩卖，变卖。根据上文“Thensherespondedtoanadforacleaner”可知，南希应聘的是清洁工，因此，需要打扫公寓。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：按照女商人的规矩，南希做事不嫌麻烦，尽量不偷工减料。A.entering进入；B.exploring探索；C.checking检查；D.cutting剪切，删除。根据“Accordingtothebusinesswoman’srules,Nancytooknotroubleandtriedtowork”可知，女商人要求南希按照规矩做事，不允许偷工减料，cutcorners意思为：偷工减料。故选D项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在公寓里找到了一些零钱——几美元和硬币。A.change零钱；B.rubbish垃圾；C.paper纸；D.water水。根据“afewdollarsandcoins”可知，南希在面试时看到了一些零钱。故选A项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于有钱的主人来说，这似乎微不足道，但对南希来说，这意味着很多——它可以支付家里的食物开支。A.child孩子；B.volunteer志愿者；C.man人；D.owner主人。根据“whohadlotsofmoney”可知，有很多钱的是雇主，即，这个公寓的主人。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于有钱的主人来说，这似乎微不足道，但对南希来说，这意味着很多——它可以支付家里的食物开支。A.introduce介绍；B.cover足以支付；C.control控制；D.increase增加。根据“buttoNancy,itmeantalot”可知，这些零钱对于南希来说是很多钱，可以支付家里的食物开支。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：南希把钱收起来放在茶几上。A.collected收集；B.required需要；C.paid付款；D.spent花费。根据“placeditontheteatable”可知，南希将钱收集起来，放在茶几上。故选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：完成任务后，她离开了。A.homework家庭作业；B.topic话题；C.adventure冒险；D.task任务。根据“sheleft”及前文南希被要求完成的任务可知，在完成她的任务后，南希离开了。故选D项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：南希的父亲一直教导她诚实和努力工作的重要性，这指导她即使在困难的时候也能得到那份工作。A.patience耐心；B.confidence自信心；C.creativity创造力；D.honesty诚实。根据下文“stickingtoher________—beinghonestandtrustworthy”可知，南希的爸爸总是教导南希诚实的重要性。故选D项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：南希的父亲一直教导她诚实和努力工作的重要性，这指导她即使在困难的时候也能得到那份工作。A.frightening令人害怕的；B.difficult困难的；C.safe安全的；D.relaxing令人放松的。根据文章开头“Nancywasasinglemother,whohadthreechildrentoraise.”可知，南希是在生计困难时去找的工作，她的美好品质帮助她在艰难的时刻找到工作。故选B项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，南希的责任心和对细节的关注使她成为雇主可靠的帮手。A.brave勇敢的；B.polite礼貌的；C.dependable可靠的；D.humorous幽默的。根据“Nancy’sresponsibilityandattentiontodetails”可知，南希的责任心和对细节的关注使她成为雇主可靠的帮手。故选C项。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她甚至还管理着雇主的财务，始终坚持自己的价值观——诚实和值得信赖。A.even甚至；B.still仍然；C.only仅仅；D.seldom很少。根据前文“Withefforts,Nancy’sroleexpanded.”可知，在努力工作下，南希从原本的清洁工得到了升职，拓展了很多职务，甚至还开始管理雇主的财务。故选A项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她甚至还管理着雇主的财务，始终坚持自己的价值观——诚实和值得信赖。A.goals目标；B.careers事业；C.values价值观；D.interests兴趣。根据“beinghonestandtrustworthy”可知，这是南希的价值观。故选C项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ShanhaiPass,____36____(know)asthe“FirstPassUnderHeaven”,isone____37____theimportantpartsoftheGreatWallofChina.LocatedinHebeiProvince,itisa____38____(particular)populardestinationfortouristsfromallovertheworld.ItiswheretheGreatWallmeetstheBohaiSea.Thisstrategiclocationmadeitanimportantplaceinancient____39____(time).Accordingtohistoricalrecords,thepass____40____(build)duringtheMingDynastyin____41____14thcenturytoprotectChina.Today,itstandsasasymbolofChinesestrengthandhistory.VisitorstoShanhaiPasscanexplore____42____(it)well-preservedwallsandgates.Themaingate,ZhendongGate,leavesadeep____43____(impress)withthelargesize.Climbingthewalloffersbreathtakingviewsofthesea.ThereisalsoamuseumnearbythatprovidesinformationaboutthehistoryoftheGreatWall.A____44____(surprise)featureofShanhaiPassisthe“OldDragon’sHead”.ThisistheeasternmostpartoftheGreatWall,extendingintothesealikeadragondrinkingwater.Itisauniquesightandagreatspotforphotos.Inconclusion,ShanhaiPassisamust-visitattraction.ItoffersagoodlookatChina’spastandwonderfulviews,_____45_____visitorswillneverforget.【答案】36.known37.of38.particularly39.times40.wasbuilt41.the42.its43.impression44.surprising45.which【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一个特别受世界各地游客欢迎的目的地“天下第一关”——山海关的相关信息。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：山海关，被称为“天下第一关”，是中国长城的重要组成部分之一。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰ShanhaiPass，结合句意，know与逻辑主语ShanhaiPass是被动关系，所以此处应用其过去分词形式作后置定语。故填known。【37题详解】考查介词。句意：山海关，被称为“天下第一关”，是中国长城的重要组成部分之一。结合句意，此处应用介词of，表示所属关系。故填of。【38题详解】考查副词。句意：它位于河北省，是一个特别受世界各地游客欢迎的目的地。此处应用副词particularly修饰形容词popular，意为“特别地”符合句意。故填particularly。【39题详解】考查名词单复数。句意：这一战略位置使它在古代成为一个重要的地方。time意为“时代”，是可数名词，ancienttimes意为“古代”符合句意，所以此处为名词复数。故填times。【40题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：根据历史记载，这个关隘建于14世纪的明朝，目的是保护中国。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“duringtheMingDynasty”可知，此处为一般过去时，结合句意，thepass与build之间为被动关系，所以此处使用一般过去时的被动语态，且它是在明朝建造的，故此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为名词单数。故填wasbuilt。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：根据历史记载，这个关隘建于14世纪的明朝，目的是保护中国。此处为时间状语，序数词前应为定冠词the，inthe14thcentury意为“在十四世纪”符合句意。故填the。【42题详解】考查代词。句意：到山海关的游客可以探索保存完好的城墙和城门。根据下文中的wallsandgates可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词。故填its。【43题详解】考查词性转换。句意：正门，镇东门，以其庞大的规模给人留下深刻的印象。此处为名词作宾语，impress的名词为impression意为“印象”，leaveadeepimpression是固定搭配，意为“留下深刻的印象”。故填impression。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：山海关的一个令人惊讶的特点是“老龙头”。根据下文中的feature可知，此处应用surprise的形容词surprising作定语，意为“令人吃惊的”。故填surprising。【45题详解】考查定语从句。句意：它让人很好的了解