2024-2025学年广东省汕尾市四校联考高三上学期10月考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省汕尾市四校联考2024-2025学年高三上学期10月考试英语试题第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheStudentPhotographicCompetitionThe2024competitionisopentostudentsattendingAustralianprimaryorsecondaryschoolsorcolleges.ItprovidesanexcellentopportunityforstudentstobecomeawareofthevalueandbeautyoftheAustralianNationalBotanicGardens(ANBG).Byexercisingtheirphotographicskills,studentscansharethatbeautywithothervisitors.AllentriesmustbedigitalphotographstakenintheANBGbetween30August2023and30August2024,featuringsomeaspectoftheGardenssuchasplants,wildlifeorscenery.Forfullinformationaboutthecompetitionanditsconditionsandcategories,downloadtheinformationsheetsforsecondaryschools&collegesandforprimaryschools.Enteronlineatwww..au/schoolscomp2024.Entriesmustbereceivedbytheorganisersbefore5pmonFriday30August2024.Toavoiddelaysandcongestion(拥塞),submityourentryasearlyaspossible.Downloadthecompetitionposterandshareitwithyourotherfriendsandnetworks.Thisposterfeaturesprize-winningphotographsfrompreviousyears’competitions.Cashprizeswillbeawarded:AwardtostudentAwardtoschoolorcollegeFirstPrize$250$200SecondPrize$150$100ThirdPrize//Certificateswillalsobepresentedtoallwinners.Prizewinners’schoolswillbeawardedcelebratorynativeplants,too.Prize-winningentrieswillbeondisplayintheBanksiaGardenoftheANBGfromSaturday28SeptembertoSunday27October2024.TheselectedphotographswillbeexhibitedatA3size.Presentationofprizeswillbeat12noon,Saturday28September2024.For’furtherinformationpleaseemail:schoolphoto@.au1.Whatisthepurposeofthecompetition?A.ToraisemoneyfortheANBG.B.Toofferphotographictraining.C.Toattractprofessionalphotographers.D.ToenhanceappreciationoftheANBG.2.Whatisarequirementfortheentries?A.TheymustbeshotintheANBG.B.TheyshouldbeprintedatA3size.C.Theyshouldbesubmittedbypostalmail.D.Theymustbetakenbefore30August,2024.3.Whatwilleachprizewinnerget?A.Somecash. B.Acertificate.C.Somenativeplants. D.Acompetitionposter.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚举办的学生摄影比赛相关信息，包括参赛对象、参赛作品要求、比赛奖项设置等。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“The2024competitionisopentostudentsattendingAustralianprimaryorsecondaryschoolsorcolleges.

ItprovidesanexcellentopportunityforstudentstobecomeawareofthevalueandbeautyoftheAustralianNationalBotanicGardens(ANBG).Byexercisingtheirphotographicskills,studentscansharethatbeautywithothervisitors.(2024年的比赛面向澳大利亚中小学或大学的学生开放。它为学生提供了一个绝佳的机会，让他们了解澳大利亚国家植物园(ANBG)的价值和美丽。通过锻炼他们的摄影技巧，学生可以与其他游客分享这种美。)”可知，比赛为学生提供了一个了解澳大利亚国家植物园价值和美景的绝佳机会，通过运用摄影技巧，学生可以与其他游客分享这种美，所以比赛的目的是增强人们对澳大利亚国家植物园的欣赏。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“AllentriesmustbedigitalphotographstakenintheANBGbetween30August2023and30August2024(所有参赛作品必须是2023年8月30日至2024年8月30日期间在澳大利亚国家植物园拍摄的数码照片)”可知，所有参赛作品必须是在澳大利亚国家植物园拍摄的数码照片。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Certificateswillalsobepresentedtoallwinners.(得奖者亦会获颁发证书)”可知，每个获奖者都会获得一张证书。故选B。BAfrica-bound!Andonlysevenhoursleftofa19-hourflightbeforeIwouldarriveinSouthAfricaformythirdvolunteertripinthreeyears.Butthistimeitwasdifferent.I’dbetherealoneforawholeyear,withoutfriendsorfamily.Plus,IhadonechallengeothervolunteersfightingAIDSinAfricadidn’thave—Iwasinawheelchair.Ateightyearsold,Iwasparalyzed(瘫痪的)fromthewaistdowninacaraccident.Ispentmonthsinahospital,learninghowtouseawheelchair,howtogetupfromthefloorandhowtodressmyself.Basicallyhowtolivemylifeasindependentlyaspossible.Aftergraduationfromcollege,Imadeayear-longcommitmenttoLilyoftheValleyChildren’sVillage,outsideMophela,SouthAfrica,where90percentofthechildrenareinfectedwithHIV.Iwouldseetothekids’medicalneedsandteachmathandEnglish.Thosefirstfewweekswerehard,harderthananythingIhaddonebefore.Iforcedmyselftokeeptrying.Ineededtoprovemyself.ButhowcouldItellifIwasdoinganygood?Onenight,abigstormhit.Irolledoutofmycottagethenextmorningandmychairlurched(突然倾斜),thewheelssinkingintomud.Igraspedthewheelstightandpushedhard.Thechairwouldn’tmove.Allofmyworstworriesseemedtobecomingtrue.Iwasstuck,hopelesslystuck.Outofthecornerofmyeye,Isawchildrenrunningtowardme.Twooftheoldestgrabbedthehandlebarsandtheotherspushedmeforward.Thewheelscamefree.Thekidsshoutedwithdelight.WhenIsaid“Thankyou!”,theylaughed,“Youhelpus.Wehelpyou.”Thatechoedinmyearsallday.Thenextmorning,thekidswerewaitingtopushmethroughthemudtohomeworkclub.Andthedayafterthat,itbecameourlittleroutine.Themoretheyhelpedme,theeasieritgottohelpthem.ThekidsandIbonded.Iwasn’taloneduringmyyearinAfrica.Notatall.IhadreachedouttothepeopleIwasassisting,andthey,inturn,becamemysupport.Iwasaware,morethanever,thatanyone,eveninawheelchair,canmakeadifference.4.Whatwastheauthor’suniquechallengeduringthisvolunteerexperience?A.Overcomingphysicallimitations.B.Adaptingtoanewculturalenvironment.C.Managingalong-termsolocommitment.D.Dealingwiththeharshweatherconditions.5.HowdidtheauthorfeelinthefirstfewweeksinSouthAfrica?A.Disappointedandwantingtogiveup.B.Satisfiedwiththeprogressmade.C.Uncertainabouttheeffectivenessofhishelp.D.Frustratedbythechildren’slackofcooperation.6.Whatwastheturningpointintheauthor’srelationshipwiththechildren?A.Thechildren’svoluntaryassistance.B.Theauthor’sinitialarrivalinthevillage.C.Theauthor’sfirstteachingsession.D.Theauthor’sstrugglewiththewheelchair.7.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thestruggleofadaptingtoanewenvironment.B.Thetransformativepowerofmutualsupport.C.Thechallengesoflivingwithaphysicaldisability.D.Theimpactofeducationonunderprivilegedchildren.【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是作者虽然身有残疾，需要坐轮椅，但是在南非的志愿服务中通过与孩子们的互助，实现了自我价值并深刻体会到了人与人之间相互支持的力量。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Plus,IhadonechallengeothervolunteersfightingAIDSinAfricadidn’thave—Iwasinawheelchair.(此外，我还有一个其他在非洲抗击艾滋病的志愿者没有的挑战——我坐在轮椅上)”可知，作者在南非的志愿者经历中，特殊的挑战是他的身体残疾，这与其他人相比是一个额外的障碍。故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Thosefirstfewweekswerehard,harderthananythingIhaddonebefore.Iforcedmyselftokeeptrying.Ineededtoprovemyself.ButhowcouldItellifIwasdoinganygood?(最初的几个星期非常艰难，比我以前做过的任何事情都要艰难。我强迫自己继续尝试。我需要证明自己。但我怎么知道自己做得好不好呢？)”可知，作者在南非的最初几周非常艰难，他强迫自己继续试，并且想知道自己是否真的做得好，这表明他不确定自己的帮助是否有效果。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段“Outofthecornerofmyeye,Isawchildrenrunningtowardme.Twooftheoldestgrabbedthehandlebarsandtheotherspushedmeforward.(我从眼角看到孩子们向我跑来。两个年纪最大的抓住车把，其他人推着我往前走)”，可知，孩子们自发的帮助是作者与南非孩子们关系转变的关键时刻。作者的轮椅陷入泥潭，孩子们跑来帮助他时，他们之间的关系开始有了质的变化。孩子们的行动不仅帮助作者摆脱了困境，也象征着他们之间互助的开始。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Themoretheyhelpedme,theeasieritgottohelpthem.ThekidsandIbonded.Iwasn’taloneduringmyyearinAfrica.Notatall.IhadreachedouttothepeopleIwasassisting,andthey,inturn,becamemysupport.Iwasaware,morethanever,thatanyone,eveninawheelchair,canmakeadifference.(他们帮我越多，我就越容易帮到他们。孩子们和我很亲密。我在非洲的那一年并不孤单。一点也不。我主动联系了我正在帮助的人，而他们反过来又成为了我的支持。我比以往任何时候都更加意识到，任何人，即使是坐在轮椅上，都可以带来改变)”可知，这篇文章的中心主题是互助的变革力量。作者通过自己的经历展示了即使在面临身体障碍和孤立无援的情况下，通过与他人的相互支持，也能实现个人成长和共同发展。故选B。CImagineachildaskingachatbotorvoiceassistantifSantaClausisreal.HowshouldtheAIrespond,giventhatsomefamilieswouldpreferalieoverthetruth?Thisisadilemmainthelittle-studiedareaofrobotsdeception(欺骗).TwoGeorgiaTechresearchers,KantwonRogersandReidenWebber,designedadrivingsimulation(模拟)experimenttoinvestigatehowintentionalrobotdeceptionaffectstrustbetweenhumansandAI,andwhetherdifferenttypesofapologiescanhelprepairthattrust.Inthesimulation,participantswereinstructedtodrivea“robot-assistedcar”tothehospitaltosaveafriend’slife,whiletheAIassistantfalselywarnedofpoliceahead,advisingparticipantstostayunderthespeedlimit.Uponreachingthehospital,participantswereinformedthattherewerenopolice,andtheyreceivedoneoffivedifferenttext-basedresponsesfromtherobot—threeadmittingthelie,twoofferingasimpleapologywithoutadmission.Thestudyaimedtodeterminewhichtypeofapologywasmosteffectiveinrepairingtrustafterarobot’slie.Theresultsoftheexperimentweresurprising.45%oftheparticipantsdidnotspeed,becausetheybelievedtherobotknewmoreaboutthesituationthantheydid,revealinganoverlytrustingattitudetowardAI.Theresultsalsoindicatedthatwhilenoneoftheapologytypesfullyrecoveredtrust,theapologywithnoadmissionoflyingwasstatisticallymoreeffectiveinrepairingtrustthanotherresponses.Theresearchers’finalgoalistocreatearobotsystemthatcanlearnwhenandhowtolieorapologizeduringhuman-AIinteractions.Buttheyacknowledgethatthisisacomplexissue.“WestillknowverylittleaboutAldeception,butwedoknowthatlyingisnotalwaysbad,andtellingthetruthisn’talwaysgood,”Rogerssaid.“Sohowcanwemakelawsthatsupportnewideaswithoutharmingthem,whilealsokeepingpeoplesafe?”8.Whatistheaimoftheexperiment?A.ToevaluateAI’sassistanceondriving.B.ToexamineAI’slearningcapabilities.C.ToassessAI’sintentionalresponses.D.TostudyAIdeception’simpactontrust.9.WhichresponsefromAIisthemosteffectiveinrepairingtrustintheexperiment?A.“Iamsorry.” B.“Forgivemeformyfault.”C.“Iliedtoyou.” D.“You’reatyourdestination.”10.WhatmightRogersadviseAIlawmakerstodo?A.Balanceinnovationandusers’safety.B.Enforceclearerandstricterregulations.C.Prioritizeprotectionofusers’privacy.D.PromotemoralbehaviorinAIsystems.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Isarobotsystempromising? B.Thehuman-AIconfidencecrisis.C.Adilemmainhumanhonesty. D.AIdeception:badornot?【答案】8.D9.A10.A11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了两项关于人工智能欺骗的研究，以及研究人员对人工智能立法者的建议。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“TwoGeorgiaTechresearchers,KantwonRogersandReidenWebber,designedadrivingsimulation(模拟)experimenttoinvestigatehowintentionalrobotdeceptionaffectstrustbetweenhumansandAI,andwhetherdifferenttypesofapologiescanhelprepairthattrust.(佐治亚理工学院的两位研究人员KantwonRogers和ReidenWebber设计了一个驾驶模拟实验，以研究有意为之的机器人欺骗如何影响人与AI之间的信任，以及不同类型的道歉是否有助于修复这种信任)”可知，实验的目的是研究人工智能欺骗对信任的影响。故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Uponreachingthehospital,participantswereinformedthattherewerenopolice,andtheyreceivedoneoffivedifferenttext-basedresponsesfromtherobot—threeadmittingthelie,twoofferingasimpleapologywithoutadmission.Thestudyaimedtodeterminewhichtypeofapologywasmosteffectiveinrepairingtrustafterarobot’slie.(一到医院，参与者就被告知没有警察，他们收到了机器人发来的五种不同的短信回复中的一种——三种承认了谎言，两种只是简单的道歉，但没有承认。该研究旨在确定机器人撒谎后哪种道歉方式最能有效地修复信任)”和第四段中“Theresultsalsoindicatedthatwhilenoneoftheapologytypesfullyrecoveredtrust,theapologywithnoadmissionoflyingwasstatisticallymoreeffectiveinrepairingtrustthanotherresponses.(结果还表明，虽然没有任何一种道歉类型能够完全恢复信任，但在统计学上，不承认说谎的道歉在修复信任方面比其他回应更有效)”可知，在实验中，不承认说谎的道歉在修复信任方面最有效。结合选项可知，B项承认了错误和间接承认说谎，C项直接承认了说谎，D项没有道歉，只有A项属于不承认说谎的道歉，所以在修复信任方面比其他回应更有效。故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中““WestillknowverylittleaboutAldeception,butwedoknowthatlyingisnotalwaysbad,andtellingthetruthisn’talwaysgood,”Rogerssaid.“Sohowcanwemakelawsthatsupportnewideaswithoutharmingthem,whilealsokeepingpeoplesafe?””(“我们对人工智能欺骗的了解仍然很少，但我们确实知道说谎并不总是坏事，而说真话也并不总是好事，”Rogers说。“那么，我们如何才能制定法律，既支持新想法又不伤害它们，同时又能保证人们的安全呢？”)”可知，Rogers可能会建议人工智能立法者要平衡创新和用户安全。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“ImagineachildaskingachatbotorvoiceassistantifSantaClausisreal.HowshouldtheAIrespond,giventhatsomefamilieswouldpreferalieoverthetruth?Thisisadilemmainthelittle-studiedareaofrobotsdeception.(想象一下，一个孩子问聊天机器人或语音助手圣诞老人是否真实存在。鉴于一些家庭更愿意接受谎言而不是真相，人工智能应该如何回应？这是机器人欺骗这一鲜有研究的领域中的一个困境)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讨论的是人工智能欺骗是好还是坏的问题，故“AIdeception:badornot?(人工智能欺骗：好还是不好？)”是文章最佳标题。故选D项。DAreyouanopenbook,yourfacebroadcastingeverypassingemotion,ormoreofapokerface,notshowingwhatyouarefeeling?ScientistsatNottinghamTrentUniversitysaythatwearingyourheartonyourface,couldactuallygiveyouasignificantsocialadvantage.Thestudy,ledbyEithneKavanagh,aresearchfellowatNTU’sSchoolofSocialSciences,involvingover1,300participants,noticedstrikingvariationsinhowmuchpeoplemovedtheirfacesduringconversations.Importantly,thisexpressivenessemergedasastableindividualquality.Peopledisplayedsimilarlevelsoffacialexpressivenessacrossdifferentcontexts,withdifferentsocialpartners,andevenovertimeperiodsuptofourmonths.Theresearcherssaythatfacialexpressivenessislinkedtopersonality,withmoreagreeableindividualsdisplayingmorelivelyfaces.Facialexpressivenesscanalsotranslateintoconcretesocialbenefits.Inanegotiationtask,moreexpressiveindividualsaremorelikelytosecurealargersliceofareward.Theresearcherssuggestthatforagreeablefolks,dynamicfacialexpressionsmayserveasatoolforbuildinggoodrelationshipandsmoothingoverconflicts.Acrosstheboard,theresultspointtofacialexpressivenessservingan“affiliative(亲和)function,”orasocialgluethatdevelopslikingandsmootherinteractions.Expressivenessisalsolinkedtobeingseenasmore“readable,”suggestingthatalivelyfacemakesone’sintentionsandmentalstateseasierforotherstodecipher.Beyondfrequencyoffacialmovements,peoplewhoemployfacialexpressionsmorestrategicallytosuitsocialgoals,suchaslookingfriendlyinagreeting,arealsomorewell-liked.Thefindingschallengethe“pokerface”commonbeliefthatastillandunemotionalappearanceisalwaysmostadvantageous.Instead,theysuggestthatformostpeople,allowingone’sfacetomirrorinnerstatesandintentionscaninvitewarmerreactions.Astheresearchersconclude,“Beingfaciallyexpressiveissociallyadvantageous.”So,thenexttimeyoucatchyourselfmakinglinesonyourforehead,orflashingasmile,knowthatyourfacejustmightbeworkingovertimeonyourbehalf.12.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkaboutconcerningthestudy?A.Itsimpact. B.Itsfindings. C.Itslimitations. D.Itssignificance.13.Whatmayfacialexpressivenessserveasinnegotiationsettings?A.Awaytofrightencompetitors.B.Amethodtohidepersonalities.C.Atooltoshowpersonalquality.D.Astrategytosettledisagreement.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decipher”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Copy. B.Overlook. C.Remember D.Interpret.15.Whatmaytheauthoradvisebasedonthefindingsofthestudy?A.Alwayswearingastillface. B.Learningtobeanopenbook.C.Speakingoutinneremotions. D.Forcingasmilethroughtears.【答案】12.B13.D14.D15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项科学研究，研究表明面部表情丰富的人在社交中有显著优势，这种优势可以转化为具体的社交利益。文章最后指出，对于大多数人来说，让自己的脸反映内心的状态和意图可以引发更热烈的反应。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Thestudy,ledbyEithneKavanagh,aresearchfellowatNTU’sSchoolofSocialSciences,involvingover1,300participants,noticedstrikingvariationsinhowmuchpeoplemovedtheirfacesduringconversations.Importantly,thisexpressivenessemergedasastableindividualquality.Peopledisplayedsimilarlevelsoffacialexpressivenessacrossdifferentcontexts,withdifferentsocialpartners,andevenovertimeperiodsuptofourmonths.(这项研究由诺丁汉特伦特大学社会科学学院研究员EithneKavanagh领导，有1300多名参与者。研究注意到人们在谈话中面部动作的多少存在显著差异。重要的是，这种表现力成为一种稳定的个人品质。人们在不同的情境中、与不同的社交伙伴在一起时，甚至在长达四个月的时间段内，都表现出相似程度的面部表情丰富度。)”可知，本段主要介绍了研究发现人们在谈话中面部动作的多少存在显著差异，而且是一种稳定的个人品质。因此，本段主要在讲这项研究的发现。故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Inanegotiationtask,moreexpressiveindividualsaremorelikelytosecurealargersliceofareward.Theresearcherssuggestthatforagreeablefolks,dynamicfacialexpressionsmayserveasatoolforbuildinggoodrelationshipandsmoothingoverconflicts.(在谈判任务中，更有表现力的人更有可能获得更大的奖励。研究人员建议，对于和蔼可亲的人来说，动态面部表情可能是建立良好关系和缓和矛盾的工具)”可知，在谈判中，面部表情可能是建立良好关系和缓和矛盾的工具，帮助有表现力的人获得更大利益。因此，面部表情在谈判环境中可能作为一种解决分歧的策略。故选D项。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Expressivenessisalsolinkedtobeingseenasmore‘readable,’suggestingthatalivelyfacemakesone’sintentionsandmentalstateseasierforotherstodecipher.(表情丰富也与被认为更“可读”有关，这表明一张生动的脸让人的意图和精神状态更容易被decipher)”中“Expressivenessisalsolinkedtobeingseenasmore‘readable,’”可知，丰富的表情更“可读”，即更容易被理解和解读，所以“一张生动的脸更容易被人解读意图和精神状态”。划线词decipher与interpret同义，意为“解读”。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thefindingschallengethe‘pokerface’commonbeliefthatastillandunemotionalappearanceisalwaysmostadvantageous.Instead,theysuggestthatformostpeople,allowingone’sfacetomirrorinnerstatesandintentionscaninvitewarmerreactions.(这些发现挑战了‘扑克脸’的普遍信念，即静止不动、面无表情的外表总是最有利的。相反，它们表明，对于大多数人来说，让自己的脸反映内心的状态和意图可以引发更热情的反应)”可知，研究表明面部表情丰富的人在社交中有显著优势，所以对于大多数人来说，让自己的脸反映内心的状态和意图可以引发更热情的反应。因此作者可能建议我们要学会像一本打开的书一样，不要隐藏自己的情感和意图，要通过面部表情表达出来。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Mentalhealthisextremelyessentialbecauseitcanaffectalmosteverypartofaperson’slife.____16____Herearesomeofthemostpopularadvicesharedbypsychologiststoimproveyourmentalhealth.Threewaystostopgettingupatnightandimprovesleep.Everyonewakesupafewtimespernight.Cyclingoutofsleeproughlyevery90minutestotwohoursisnormal.____17____Wefailtogetadequatequantitiesofthedeepeststagesofsleep.____18____Minimizebathroombreaksbyaligning(使一致)yourbiologicalclockwithyourintendedsleepschedule.Treatyoursleepapnea(睡眠呼吸暂停)bygettingusedtowearingaCPAPmachine.Relaxandworkonfeelingsafertosleepbetter.Avoidance,notanxiety,maybedamagingyourlife.Anxietyisacommonanddiscouragingsymptomexperiencedbymanyindividuals.However,thereisamoresubtleandunpleasantone.____19____Whenweavoidcertainsituationsanddecisions,itcanleadtomoreanxietyandproblems.Psychologicalavoidanceisapowerfulenemy,buttherearescience-basedskillstofightit.Checkinwithyourthoughtsandchallengethem.Andletyourvalues,notyouremotions,directyouractions.Gaslightingisemotionalabuse.Here’showtorecognizeandstopit.Gaslightingisasecret,manipulative(易于操纵的),andreality-bendingformofemotionalabuse.Yetwhengaslightingisinourownrelationships,manyofusstruggletoidentifyit,letaloneescapeit.Learntorecognizesignsofgaslighting.____20____Nametheabuse.Andusestrategiessuchasgettingoutofthepowerstruggle,checkinginwithyourfeelingsoften,andhonoringyouremotionstostopbeingsubjecttogaslighting.A.Thesecanhaveabigimpactongaslighting.B.Areyouwonderinghowtocareforyourmentalhealth?C.It’scalledpsychologicalavoidance.D.Areyouworriedthatsomeoneyouknowsuffersfrommentalproblems?E.Butfrequentwakingcanaffectphysical,emotional,andmentalfunctioning.F.Thosemayincludepersistentdenial,reality-bending,shaming,contradiction,andlying.G.Threelesswell-knownsolutionsforlightsleepandwakingcanhelp.【答案】16.B17.E18.G19.C20.F【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了一些可以改善心理健康的建议。【16题详解】上文“Mentalhealthisextremelyessentialbecauseitcanaffectalmosteverypartofaperson’slife.(心理健康是极其重要的，因为它几乎可以影响一个人生活的方方面面)”提到心理健康是极其重要的，下文“Herearesomeofthemostpopularadvicesharedbypsychologiststoimproveyourmentalhealth.(以下是心理学家分享的一些最受欢迎的建议，可以改善你的心理健康)”提到一些可以改善心理健康的建议，故B项“Areyouwonderinghowtocareforyourmentalhealth?(你想知道如何照顾自己的心理健康吗？)”承上启下，符合语境。故选B。【17题详解】上文“Cyclingoutofsleeproughlyevery90minutestotwohoursisnormal.(大约每90分钟到两个小时从睡眠中醒来是正常的)”提到夜醒是正常的，下文“Wefailtogetadequatequantitiesofthedeepeststagesofsleep.(我们无法获得足够的深度睡眠)”提到相关的危害，故E项“Butfrequentwakingcanaffectphysical,emotional,andmentalfunctioning.(但频繁醒来会影响身体、情绪和精神功能。)”符合语境，和上文形成转折关系，且引出下文。故选E。【18题详解】上文“Wefailtogetadequatequantitiesofthedeepeststagesofsleep.(我们无法获得足够的深度睡眠)”提到睡眠不足问题，下文“Minimizebathroombreaksbyaligning(使一致)yourbiologicalclockwithyourintendedsleepschedule.Treatyoursleepapnea(睡眠呼吸暂停)bygettingusedtowearingaCPAPmachine.Relaxandworkonfeelingsafertosleepbetter.(调整你的生物钟和你的睡眠时间表，尽量减少上厕所的时间。治疗你的睡眠呼吸暂停，习惯佩戴呼吸机。放松，努力让自己感觉更安全，从而睡得更好)”是三种解决办法，G项“Threelesswell-knownsolutionsforlightsleepandwakingcanhelp.(三个不太为人所知的浅睡和浅醒的解决方案可能会有所帮助。)”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。【19题详解】上文“However,thereisamoresubtleandunpleasantone.(然而，还有一个更微妙、更令人不快的原因)”提到还有一个更微妙、更令人不快的原因，空处应是具体说明，C项“It’scalledpsychologicalavoidance.(它就是心理回避。)”符合语境，且C项中“avoidance”呼应下文“avoid”。故选C。【20题详解】上文“Learntorecognizesignsofgaslighting.(学会识别煤气灯效应的迹象)”提到要学会识别煤气灯效应的迹象，F项“Thosemayincludepersistentdenial,reality-bending,shaming,contradiction,andlying.(这些可能包括持续否认、歪曲事实、羞辱、矛盾和撒谎。)”具体说明哪些是煤气灯效应的迹象。故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onesummernightinaseasidecottage,aboyfelthimself____21____frombed.Thenhewasheldinhisfather’sarmsoutontothenearbybeach.Overheadtheskytwinkledwithstars.“Watch!”____22____,ashisfatherspoke,oneofthestarsmoved.Inalineofgoldenfireitflashedacrossthedark____23____.Andbeforethewonderofthiscould____24____,anotherstarleapedfromitsplace,thenanother,divingtowardstherestlesssea.“What’sthis?”thechildwhispered.“Shootingstars.TheycomeeveryyearonacertainAugustnight.Ithoughtyou’dliketoseethe____25____.”Thatwasall:justanunexpected____26____ofsomethingmysteriousandbeautiful.Butback____27____,thechildstaredforalongtimeintothedark,knowingthatallaroundthequiethousethenightwasfullofthe____28____musicofthefallingstars.Decadeshavepassed,buthestillremembersthatnightbecausehewasthe____29____boywhosefatherbelievedthatanewexperiencewasmoreimportantforasmallboythana(n)_____30_____night’ssleep.Nodoubthehadalltheusualchildhoodentertainment,butthoseare_____31_____now.Whatheremembersisthenightoftheshootingstars,andthe“trophy(战利品)table”inthediningroomwherechildrenwereencouragedto_____32_____thingstheyhadfound—anything_____33_____orbeautiful—snakeskins,seashells,flowers,arrowheads...Hisfatherhad,toamarvelousdegree,thegiftofopeningdoorsforchildren,ofleadingthemintoareasofsplendid_____34_____.Thissubtle(巧妙的)artof_____35_____dimensionstoachild’sworlddoesn’tnecessarilyrequireagreatdealoftime.Itsimplyinvolvesdoingthingsmoreoftenwithchildreninsteadofforthemortothem.21.A.called B.lifted C.knocked D.transported22.A.Incredibly B.Anxiously C.Simply D.Curiously23.A.sea B.face C.eyes D.heavens24.A.fade B.work C.attack D.continue25.A.weather B.place C.show D.condition26.A.comeback B.blow C.glimpse D.visit27.A.tothebeach B.undertheskyC.inbed D.tohisseat28.A.serious B.silent C.modern D.sad29.A.cautious B.ambitious C.fortunate D.sensitive30.A.restless B.heavy C.light D.unbroken31.A.resolved B.forgotten C.avoided D.delayed32.A.create B.search C.collect D.exhibit33.A.unusual B.uncertain C.practical D.awful34.A.victory B.sky C.newness D.cottage35.A.adding B.applying C.turning D.tracing【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.A25.C26.C27.C28.B29.C30.D31.B32.D33.A34.C35.A【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了一个小男孩被父亲从睡梦中抱出去看美丽的流星而久久不能忘怀的故事，这位父亲鼓励男孩去探索和体验新的事物，带领他进入新的领域。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个夏天的晚上，在海边的小屋里，一个男孩觉得自己被从床上抱了起来。A.called喊，叫；B.lifted举起，抬起；C.knocked撞击；D.transported运输。根据下文“Thenhewasheldinhisfather’sarmsoutontothenearbybeach.”可知，小男孩被父亲从床上抱了起来，用lift表示“抱起”。故选B项。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人难以置信的是，就在他父亲说话的时候，一颗星星动了。A.Incredibly不可思议地；B.Anxiously焦急地；C.Simply仅仅；D.Curiously好奇地。根据下文“oneofthestarsmoved”可知，一颗星星移动了，这是不可思议的，令人难以置信的。故选A项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：金色的火焰在黑暗的天空中闪烁。A.sea大海；B.face脸；C.eyes脸；D.heavens天空，天堂。根据上文“Overheadtheskytwinkledwithstars.”及“itflashedacrossthedark”可知，黑色的是天空，流星在天空中划过。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在它的奇迹还没有消失之前，另一颗星星从它的位置跳了出来，然后又一颗，向那不安的海洋俯冲而去。A.fade消失；B.work工作；C.attack攻击；D.continue继续。根据“before”及“anotherstarleapedfromitsplace,thenanother,divingtowardstherestlesssea”可知，在第一颗流星的奇迹还没有消失之前，第二颗又出现了。故选A项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为你会想看这个景色。A.weather天气；B.place地方；C.show景象；D.condition条件。根据前文“Shootingstars”及上文父亲将孩子抱出来看流星可知，父亲认为孩子会想要看这个景象。故选C项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：仅此而已：只是意外地瞥见了神秘而美丽的东西。A.comeback再度流行；B.blow刮风，打击；C.glimpse一瞥，短暂的感受；D.visit参观。根据上文“Inalineofgoldenfireitflashedacrossthedark_______.Andbeforethewonderofthiscould_______,anotherstarleapedfromitsplace,thenanother,divingtowardstherestlesssea.”可知，流星划过时，只是对神秘而美丽的东西的一瞥，只是短暂的感受。故选C项。【27题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：但是回到床上，孩子盯着黑暗看了很长时间，他知道寂静的房子周围充满了流星的无声的音乐。A.tothebeach去海滩；B.underthesky天空下；C.inbed床上；D.tohisseat回到座位上。根据“Butback”可知，之前孩子被父亲从床上抱出来，现在指又回到了床上。故选C项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是回到床上，孩子盯着黑暗看了很长时间，他知道寂静的房子周围充满了流星的无声的音乐。A.serious严肃的；B.silent寂静的；C.modern现代的；D.sad伤心的。根据“musicofthefallingstars”可知，流星划落是没有声音的。故选B项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几十年过去了，但他仍然记得那个晚上，因为他是一个幸运的男孩，他的父亲认为，对一个小男孩来说，新的经历比一夜安稳的睡眠更重要。A.cautious谨慎的；B.ambitious有抱负的；C.fortunate幸运的；D.sensitive敏感的。根据“whosefatherbelievedthatanewexperiencewasmoreimportantforasmallboythana(n)________night’ssleep.”可知，父亲更加重视体验新事物，探索新事物，男孩是幸运的。故选C项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几十年过去了，但他仍然记得那个晚上，因为他是一个幸运的男孩，他的父亲认为，对一个小男孩来说，新的经历比一夜安稳的睡眠更重要。A.restless坐立不安的，没有休息的；B.heavy重的，超出一般的；C.light轻的，浅的；D.unbroken未破损的，不间断的。根据文章开头“Onesummernightinaseasidecottage,aboyfelthimself_______frombed.”可知，孩子的一晚上不间断的睡眠被父亲打破了，因此，此处表示比起不间断的睡眠，新的经历更重要。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，他童年时有过所有的娱乐活动，但现在这些都被遗忘了。A.resolved决心；B.forgotten忘记；C.avoided避免；D.delayed延迟。根据“Nodoubthehadalltheusualchildhoodentertainment,but”及下文“Whatheremembersisthenightoftheshootingstars”可知，童年有过的娱乐活动，男孩在长大后忘记了。故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他记得的是那个流星的夜晚，还有餐厅里的“奖杯桌”，孩子们被鼓励展示他们发现的东西——任何不寻常的或美丽的东西——蛇皮、贝壳、花、箭头……A.create创造；B.search搜寻；C.collect收集；D.exhibit展示。根据“thingstheyhadfound—anything_______orbeautiful—snakeskins,seashells,flowers,arrowheads...”可知，孩子们被鼓励将发现的东西展示出来。故选D项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他记得的是那个流星的夜晚，还有餐厅里的“奖杯桌”，孩子们被鼓励展示他们发现的东西——任何不寻常的或美丽的东西——蛇皮、贝壳、花、箭头…