专题11 语法选择 解题技巧

语法选择解题技巧语法选择：主要考点分布:冠词、名词的单复数、动词时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较等级、代词、连词、介词、非谓语动词、同根词、定语从句、状语从句和宾语从句等。语法选择常考语法点1.考冠词：a/an：第一次提到；泛指；单词读音第一个音为元音时（an）,辅音时（a）；固搭；the：第二次提到；特指；固定搭配；playthe+西洋乐器，the+序数词；/（不填）：固定搭配；play+球类2.考数词：①seven-year-old;two-meter-long;（数词做形容词用法）②fivehundred/thousand/million/billion（具体数值后面不需要+s）③hundredsof/thousandsof/millionsof/billionsof(表示概数时用of结构)3.考名词：①主谓一致（名词单复数与后面的动词的形式（三单，原形）保持一致）②可数名词与不可数名词的区别，修饰语等twocupsofcoffee/tea4.考代词：①many+n复数much+不可数名词②anumberof+n复数agreatamountof/agreatdealof+不可数名词③little/alittle/few/afew否定意义：little+不可数名词few+可数名词复数肯定意义：alittle+不可数名词afew+可数名词复数④Other/another/theother/others/theothers1）other+名词复数another+名词单数（表三者或者三者以上另一个）2）others后面不能加名词others=other+名词复数3）one….Theother….一个….另一个…..(两者之间)some….Others….一些…..另一些……4）other（无范围）与theother（有范围）others（无范围）与theothers（有范围）⑤不定代词something、everything、anything、nothing+形容词⑥人称代词1）主语用主格2）动词/介词后用宾格；3）空格后有名词，用形容词性物主代词，没有名词则用名词性物主代词；名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+具体的名词4）反身代词常考enjoyoneself/helpyourself/dressoneself/teachoneself；5.考形容词/副词①-ed是修饰人，-ing是修饰事物②形容词修饰名词，副词（一般以ly结尾）修饰动词，副词修饰形容词③出现than,用比较级④出现as….as结构，用形容词/副词原级⑤oneof+adj最高级+n复数6.考介词①时间介词At：用于具体时刻、节日前，例如：at8:00，atChristmas.固定搭配：atnoon,atnightIn：用于世纪、年、季节、月份等不具体的时间前，例如：in2011固定搭配：inthemorning/afternoon/eveningon:用于具体的某一天，或具体的早上、下午、晚上;星期。ontheafternoonofMay5thonacoldday，onMonday/Tuesday…for/since:后面+一段时间，现在完成时的标志②其它介词with:与...一起，和...；带着...，有...的；以(手段、材料)，用(工具)without:没有。by+交通工具③介词+doingafter/beforedoing;indoing;fordoing…7.考连词but/however：表示转折关系；(but后无逗号；however,后须有逗号)so/therefore/thus：表示因果关系；or：或者、否则之意。and：表示并列关系；though/although：表示虽然……但是，不能与but连用。all：表示全部都，用于三者以上；none:表示没有人，用于三者或三者以上（侧重指人，表否定）both...and：表示两者都；either...or：表示两者之一（选择）；neither...nor：表示两者中没有一个；either:用于句末，表示两者的否定too:用于句末，表示两者的肯定also:用于句中，表示也8.考动词：一看：有无时态标志；单复数标志；二看：空格前有无情态动词（情态动词+do）、介词（介词+Ving）三看：并列结构；有无and/or（如有则观察and/or前或后的动词形式，答案选项的形式要与其保持一致）四看：固定搭配，如make/letsbdosth,seesbdo/doingsth等9.考被动语态被动语态：be(is/are/am/was/were)+done（过去分词）含有情态动词的被动语态：should/must/can/could/may/might……bedone10.考定语从句：跟在名词/代词后面，修饰名词/代词修饰人：who修饰物：which11.考宾语从句：跟在谓语后面三要素：①引导词②时态当主句为一般现在时时，从句可以为任何时态；当主句为一般过去时时，从句必须用过去时态；当从句为表示客观事实，真理时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时；③语序：陈序语序12.考词性-tion 一般为名词后缀separation,selection,-ness 一般为名词后缀calmness-ly 一般为副词后缀luckily,fortunately,-ful 一般为形容词后缀careful,-ing/-ed 一般为形容词后缀-ing形容的是物；-ed形容的是人13.固定搭配pickup 捡起waitfor 等待dealwith 处理thinkof 思考lookahead 向前看，预测未来lookout 小心lookon 冷眼旁观lookup 仰望；查阅；拜访bepleasedwith 对….满意beworriedabout 担忧/心besatisfiedwith 对….满意beamazedat 对….惊讶clearaway 清除sendaway 发送，派遣turnaway 拒绝giveaway 赠送，泄露throwaway 扔掉lookfor 寻找lookup 仰望；查阅；尊敬；拜访lookback 回顾；回头看lookout 注意；小心；面朝；照料lookdown 俯视；向下看lookdownupon 看不起lookafter 照顾lookat 看bemadeof... 由……制成（看得见的材料）bemadefrom... 由……制成（看不见的材料）bemadein... 产于/制于某地makeup 构成，化妆makeupone’smindtodosth下定决心做某事解题技巧方法一：上下文推断法根据上下文的提示或暗示,体验语境和作者的情感态度,结合语法知识,选出符合场景的最佳选项。例1(2020年广东省卷节选)Judie’sclasswasstudyingChineseculture.Oneday,herteacherwentintotheclassroom31somekites.

31.A.to B.in C.with D.by例2(2020年广东省卷节选)Hetoldthemthatkites32inChinamorethan2,000yearsago.Attheendoftheclass,hesaid,“TheChinesemakekitesthatmeansomethingimportanttothem...”32.A.invent B.invented C.areinvented D.wereinvented例3(2020年广东省卷节选)Youwillhavea34understandingofkitesthanbefore.

34.A.good B.better C.best D.thebest例4(2020年广东省卷节选)“Whatdoyouthinkofwhenyouseeakite?”herdadasked.Judiethoughtforamomentand36,“Butterflies.”

36.A.answers B.answered C.willanswer D.hasanswered例5(2020年广东省卷节选)Judie’sdadagreedthatitwouldbeagoodideatomakeabutterflykite.Theymadeacrosswithsomewoodsticks,37thenJudiepaintedabutterflyonapieceofwhitepaper.Nexttheystuckthepaperonthecross.Finallytheytiedalongtailtothebottom.

37.A.and B.but C.or D.so例6(2020年广东省卷节选)Judie’sdadagreedthatitwouldbeagoodideatomakeabutterflykite…Nexttheystuckthepaperonthecross.Finallytheytiedalongtailtothebottom.Thenextmorning,theytook38kitetotheparkandtestedit.

38.A.a B.an C.the D.\例7(2020年广东省卷节选)“Judie,canyoutellme40youlikebutterflies?”askedherdad.

Judiereplied,“Tome,butterfliesmeanbeautyandfreedom!”40.A.why B.which C.what D.when方法二：句子成分分析法分析句子的各个成分,结合语法知识,补充句子所缺的成分。语法选择中常考的句子成分:谓语(表示做动作的词)、宾语(动作的承受者)、定语(修饰性质的词)、状语(时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、条件等)。例1(2020年广东省卷节选)Judiedecidedtoaskherdadforhelpasitwas35firsttimetomakeakite.

“Whatdoyouthinkofwhenyouseeakite?”herdadasked.35.A.her B.herself C.hers D.she例2(2020年广州卷节选)Thechildrenholdtheirbookscloseastheysaygood-byeandrunhome12.Davidandhisdonkeysheadback,overandaroundthehills,andintothesunset.

12.A.cheer B.cheerful C.cheerfully D.morecheerful方法三：固定搭配结合上下文并利用动词短语、介词短语、常用句型的固定搭配来直接选择答案。例1(2020年广东省卷节选)Attheendoftheclass,hesaid,“TheChinesemakekitesthatmeansomethingimportanttothem.Iexpecteachofyou33akitethatmeanssomethingimportanttoyou…

33.A.make B.tomake C.making D.made例2(2020年广东省卷节选)“Wow!”shecriedproudly.“39highmybutterflyflies!”

39.A.What B.Whata C.Whatan D.How易错点1如何判断形容词或副词的比较等级(2020年广东省卷节选)Youwillhavea34understandingofkitesthanbefore.

A.good B.better C.best D.thebest易错点2如何区分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词(2020年广东省卷节选)Judiedecidedtoaskherdadforhelpasitwas35firsttimetomakeakite.

A.her B.herself C.hers D.she方法四：复习方法1.复习《义务教育英语课程标准》(2011年版)中的各个语法点并能掌握和熟练运用各语法点的基本结构和基本规则。2.平时多积累,多阅读文章和对话,领悟文章、对话中句子与句子之间的关系,把握段落之间的关系,并理解整篇文章、对话的大致内容以及上下文逻辑关系,不断形成英语的语感,这样做起题目来会更加得心应手。3.加强练习,从中发现并掌握该类题目的规律,对自己不熟悉的、容易错的语法知识抓紧时间查漏补缺。训练自己的逻辑思维,并提高做题的准确性。一阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项Everyoneuseshisorherownspecialwords1hisorherideasandfeelings.Someoftheseexpressionsare2usedformanyyears.3arepopularforjustashorttime.SuchanAmericanexpressionis“Whereisthebeef?”It4whensomethingisnotasgoodasitissaidtobe.5,“Whereisthebeef?”wasoneof6expressionsintheUnitedStates.It7asifeveryonewasusingitatthattime.Weallknow“McDonald’s”wasfamousforahamburgermade8beef.Whensomebusinessmensawit,theyopenedtheirownhamburgerrestaurants.Onecompany9“Wendy”saiditshamburgerswerebiggerthan10soldbyMcDonald’soranyoneelse’s.Thecompanybegantousetheexpression“Whereisthebeef?”tomakepeople11thatWendy’shamburgerswerethebiggest.Thetelevisionshowedthreeoldwomeneatinghamburgers.Thebread12coveredthemeatwasverybig,butinsidetherewasonly13meat.Oneofthewomensaidshewouldnoteatahamburgerwithsuchalittlepieceofbeef.“Whereisthebeef?”Sheshouted14afunnyway.TheideaforWendy’shamburgerrestaurantwasa15.Aswesaid,itseemedeveryonebeganusingtheexpression“Whereisthebeef?”1.A.shows B.toshow C.showing D.show2.A.common B.commonly C.incommon D.commons3.A.Other B.Theother C.Others D.Another4.A.using B.used C.isused D.uses5.A.Intheearly1980s B.Inearly1980s C.Intheearly1980 D.Atearly1980s6.A.popular B.morepopular C.mostpopular D.themostpopular7.A.seemed B.seems C.isseemed D.seem8.A.of B.from C.by D.in9.A.calls B.calling C.called D.call10.A.this B.that C.these D.those11.A.know B.knows C.knowing D.knew12.A.who B.whose C.which D.what13.A.afew B.much C.alotof D.abitof14.A.with B.at C.in D.by15.A.succeed B.success C.successful D.successfully二语法选择阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1-15小题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出一个最佳选项Many,manyyearsagomostpeopledidnothavebeautifulbooks.Somefamiliesdidnothavebooksatall.Thepeople____1_____didhavebookshadonlyafew.Insteadof____2_____books,peopletoldstories.Theywouldrememberthings____3_____happenedtothemandwouldretellthesetalestofriends.Somestoriesyoureadinbookstoday____4_____tochildrenmanyyearsagobytheirfathersandmothers.____5_____thosegirlsandboysgrewup,they,inturn,toldtheirchildrenthesametales.Sometimesthestorieschangedasonemantold____6_____.Thatiswhytodaytherearedifferentbeginningsanddifferentendingstothesamefolktales.You____7_____differentnamesforallkindsofcharactersinthedifferentversions(版本)ofthetales.Inthiswaythestoriesalmostseem____8_____differentonesandnotyourfavoritetalesatall.Somepeople_____9____stories.Theywouldsuppose____10_____thingswhichhadhappenedcouldnotreallyhavehappened.Suchpeoplebecame____11_____asstorytellers.Inmanyofthetales,animalsdidthetalking.Inothers,goodmencametohelpbadmen.Strange,excitingthings____12_____.Thedifferentideasmadeinterestingstories.Someoftheearlytales,___13______themMotherGooseversesweretoldinrhyme.Thepoemswerelearnedbyboysandgirlsathomeandatschool.WhatMotherGooserhymesdoyouknowandremember?Doyouthinktherewas_____14____aMotherGoose?MotherGoosestoriesandrhymesare____15_____goodonesthatwereadandenjoythemtoday,yearsaftertheywerefirsttold.1.A.which B.whom C.who D.when2.A.read B.toread C.reads D.reading3.A.who B.that C.what D.where4.A.tell B.told C.wastold D.weretold5.A.When B.Though C.While D.Which6.A.other B.another C.theother D.theothers7.A.evenfind B.evenfound C.willevenfind D.wouldevenfind8.A.is B.are C.willbe D.tobe9.A.madein B.madeup C.madeof D.madefrom10.A.that B.what C.when D.where11.A.know B.knew C.known D.toknow12.A.happen B.happened C.arehappened D.werehappened13.A.in B.of C.among D.between14.A.real B.really C.tobereal D.tobereally15.A.such B.so C.sucha D.somany三语法选择阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Thetraditionofbirthdaypartiesstartedalongtimeago.Therearesometraditions1youcanfindalmostanywhere,anytime,such2sendingbirthdaycards,3outthecandlesonabirthdaycakeandsingingthe‘HappyBirthday’song.Othersareonly4forcertainagesandincertaincountries.InChina,5achild’ssecondbirthday,familymembersputmanythingsontheflooraroundthechild.AccordingtoChinesetradition,thefirstthingthatthechildpicksup6youwhatprofessionthechildwillchooselaterin7.ForJapanesechildren,8third,fifthandseventhbirthdaysare9important.Atthisage,thereisaspecialcelebrationShichi-Go-San(seven,five,threeinJapanese)whenchildrengotothetemplewearinganewkimono(和服).Thepriest(僧侣)givesthemspecialsweets,andtheparentsusuallyorganizeapartyfortheirfriendsintheirhome.InArgentina,Mexicoandseveral10LatinAmericancountries,girlshaveaspecialbirthdaycelebration11theyreachtheageoffifteen.Afteraspecialceremony(仪式),thegirlsdanceawaltzwiththeirfatherandotherboys.Eighteenisthetraditional‘comingofage’—theagewhen(inmanycountries)youhavetherighttovote(选举),jointhearmyand(inBritain)drinkalcohol12buyahouse.InmanyEnglish-speakingcountries,a13birthdaycakeoftenhasakeyontop,orthecakeitselfissometimesintheshapeofakey.Thekeymeansthattheyoungperson14now15toleaveandenterthefamilyhomeatanytimetheywantto!1.A.where B.what C.that D.when2.A.for B.like C.so D.as3.A.blow B.blowing C.toblow D.blown4.A.find B.finds C.found D.finding5.A.on B.in C.at D.to6.A.telling B.told C.willtell D.tells7.A.life B.lives C.living D.live8.A.a B.an C.the D./9.A.especial B.especially C.moreespecial D.mostespecial10.A.theother B.another C.others D.other11.A.when B.before C.since D.because12.A.and B.but C.or D.so13.A.twenty-one B.twenty-first C.twentieth-one D.twentieth-first14.A.has B.was C.have D.is15.A.oldenough B.youngenough C.enoughold D.enoughyoung四语法选择阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法行和上下文连贯的要求，从1-15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Thebackdooroftheambulancewassuddenlyshut.Thedriverrantothefront,jumpedintohisseatand____1____theengine.Insideweretheworriedparents,Mr.andMrs.Green.Themotherwasholding____2____babydaughter,Ellen.Thelittlegirlhad____3____foodstuckinherthroatand____4____hardlybreathe.Thedriver,Mr.White,turned____5____hissiren(警笛)andflashinglight,andstartedspeedingtowardsthe____6____hospital.Thecarsaheadofhimpulledoutofthewayashedrovethroughthebusytraffic.Fromthebackoftheambulance,theparentswereshouting____7____himtohurry,sinceEllenhadalmoststoppedbreathing.Mr.Whiteknewhehadnotimetolose,____8____hedrovestraightpastthetrafficlights.Comingtowardshimfromhisrightwasataxi.Thedriver____9____waslisteningtohisradiodidnotheartheambulance.Thelightsweregreen,andhedrovestraightonintothepathoftheambulance.Mr.Whitetried____10____hisambulance,butitwastoolate.Ithit____11____taxi.Everyonewasshaken,____12____noonewashurt.Mr.Whitelookedbacktosee____13____littleEllenwas.“Look!”criedMrs.Green.“She____14____again.”“Itmusthavebeenthecrash,”saidherhusband____15____.“Itknockedthefoodoutofherthroat.Theaccidentturnedouttobeablessing.”1.A.start B.started C.hasstarted D.starts2.A.their B.theirs C.they D.them3.A.any B.no C.some D.each4.A.would B.might C.should D.could5.A.on B.off C.out D.into6.A.near B.nearly C.nearer D.nearest7.A.with B.by C.at D.for8.A.because B.although C.so D.after9.A.which B.why C.while D.who10.A.stop B.tostop C.stops D.stopped11.A.the B.a C.an D./12.A.and B.or C.but D.before13.A.where B.how C.when D.what14.A.isbreathing B.breathed C.wasbreathing D.willbreathe15.A.happy B.happily C.unhappy D.happiness五语法选择阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．Ihadnevernoticedher．Shewasnotthekindofgirlwhocoulddrawattention．Shewasnottall（1）lookedordinary．Inclass，shelikedsittingattheback，readingorwritingnotes．OnedayIaskedher（2）aloudthetext．WhenIheardherstandard（标准）AmericanEnglish，Ilookedatherwithneweyes．AndIremembered﹣Kelly．Lateron，theNationalCollegeSpeechCompetitionwouldbeheld．Onestudentinourschool（3）toattend．Ithoughtitoverandfilledinhername．Kellypractised（4）forthecompetition．However，Iwasalittleworried（5）shewasalwaystooquiet．Couldshereally（6）wellinthecompetition？（7）thenightofthecompetition，Isatinthefrontrowofthehallveryearly．Itoldhertotakeiteasy．Herfaceturnedredandshesaidnothing．（8）seemedthatshewasreallynervous．Ifeltupset，butIjustpattedheron（9）shoulderandlethergotodrawlots（抽签）．Asaresult，shedrewNo.9whileNo.8wasaboywhowasverygoodatgivingspeeches．Sureenough，No.8wasvery（10）．Thewholeaudiencemadeawarmapplause．Whilethey（11）abouthisspeechwithexcitement，Kellyappearedonthestage．Iwithnocouragetolookather．Itwasher（12）timetogoupthestage，soIcouldn'tbeangrywithherforanysmallmistakes．Butatthatmoment，Ifound（13）Iwassoafraidofherfailure（失败）．Thestrongspotlightandlargehallmade（14）sosmallthatnobodyseemedtonoticeshehadbeenonthestage．Ifelthopeless．Butthemomentthatsurprisedmecame．Iclearlyheardavoice，averyloudvoice，"Now，pleasefocusonme．"Threetimesinall，louderandlouder．Thewholeaudiencefellsilent．Icouldhardlybelievethatloudvoicecamefromthegirl，whowasusuallysoft﹣voicedanddidn'tcatchattentionatall．Shegaveaperfectspeech．IthinkIwillneverforgetthistouchinglesson（15）mystudenttaughtme﹣neverunderestimate（低估）thepowerofthesilentpeople．1．A．or B．but C．aswell D．and2．A．read B．reading C．toread D．toreading3．A．allow B．allowed C．wasallowed D．allows4．A．hard B．hardly C．harder D．hardest5．A．though B．because C．when D．if6．A．did B．bedone C．do D．doing7．A．In B．At C．By D．on8．A．That B．This C．It's D．It9．A．an B．a C．不填 D．the10．A．success B．successful C．succeed D．successfully11．A．talked B．wouldtalk C．aswell D．weretalking12．A．one B．theone C．first D．thefirst13．A．when B．that C．why D．what14．A．she B．her C．herself D．hers15．A．which B．whose C．what D．who．六语法选择阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。XianXinghaiwasaveryfamousmusicianinChina.Hewroteoneofthegreatestpiecesofmusicofthe20thcentury.Inhisshortlifehewrote1300songsandanopera.XianwasbominPanyu,Guangdong,Chinain1905.Becausehisfatherdiedbeforehewasborn,Xianmovedfromplacetoplacewith2mother.Hebeganlearningtoplay3violinwhenhewas20yearsold.Inthebeginning,hisviolinwas4cheapandbadlymadethathe5notplayitwell.Hisfriendslaughedathim.Xiandidnotstop6andsoonshowedhistalent.In1934,hewasoneofthefirstChinesestudents7studiedinaspecialmusicschoolinParis.Beforehe8,Xianbecametheschoolsbeststudent9wonseveralprizesforhistalents.In1935,hereturnedtoChinaandhelpedfightagainsttheJapanesearmy.Later,hecametoYan'an10musicatacollege.11therewerenopianosinYan'anatthattimeXianstillwrote11ofhismostimportantmusicthere,includingTheYellowRiver,hismostfamouswork.InMay1940,Xian13totheSovietUnionbytheChineseCommunistPartytowritemusicformovies.IntheSovietUnion,lifewasvery14.Xiangotsickandlaterdiedofalungillness15October30,1945,agedonly40.Xian'smusic,however,livesoninthepeople'shearts.1.A.near B.nearly C.nearby D.nearer2.A.he B.him C.his D.he’s3.A.a B.an C.the D.this4.A.so B.such C.very D.much5.A.need B.may C.should D.could6.A.practice B.practicing C.topractice D.practised7.A.what B.which C.whom D.who8.A.leave B.leaves C.left D.wasleaving9.A.and B.but C.as D.or10.A.teach B.taught C.teaching D.toteach11.A.If B.Although C.When D.Because12.A.any B.little C.few D.some13.A.sent B.wassent C.hassent D.wassending14.A.hard B.harder C.hardest D.thehardest15.A.at B.in C.on D.by

语法选择解题技巧语法选择：主要考点分布:冠词、名词的单复数、动词时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较等级、代词、连词、介词、非谓语动词、同根词、定语从句、状语从句和宾语从句等。语法选择常考语法点1.考冠词：a/an：第一次提到；泛指；单词读音第一个音为元音时（an）,辅音时（a）；固搭；the：第二次提到；特指；固定搭配；playthe+西洋乐器，the+序数词；/（不填）：固定搭配；play+球类2.考数词：①seven-year-old;two-meter-long;（数词做形容词用法）②fivehundred/thousand/million/billion（具体数值后面不需要+s）③hundredsof/thousandsof/millionsof/billionsof(表示概数时用of结构)3.考名词：①主谓一致（名词单复数与后面的动词的形式（三单，原形）保持一致）②可数名词与不可数名词的区别，修饰语等twocupsofcoffee/tea4.考代词：①many+n复数much+不可数名词②anumberof+n复数agreatamountof/agreatdealof+不可数名词③little/alittle/few/afew否定意义：little+不可数名词few+可数名词复数肯定意义：alittle+不可数名词afew+可数名词复数④Other/another/theother/others/theothers1）other+名词复数another+名词单数（表三者或者三者以上另一个）2）others后面不能加名词others=other+名词复数3）one….Theother….一个….另一个…..(两者之间)some….Others….一些…..另一些……4）other（无范围）与theother（有范围）others（无范围）与theothers（有范围）⑤不定代词something、everything、anything、nothing+形容词⑥人称代词1）主语用主格2）动词/介词后用宾格；3）空格后有名词，用形容词性物主代词，没有名词则用名词性物主代词；名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+具体的名词4）反身代词常考enjoyoneself/helpyourself/dressoneself/teachoneself；5.考形容词/副词①-ed是修饰人，-ing是修饰事物②形容词修饰名词，副词（一般以ly结尾）修饰动词，副词修饰形容词③出现than,用比较级④出现as….as结构，用形容词/副词原级⑤oneof+adj最高级+n复数6.考介词①时间介词At：用于具体时刻、节日前，例如：at8:00，atChristmas.固定搭配：atnoon,atnightIn：用于世纪、年、季节、月份等不具体的时间前，例如：in2011固定搭配：inthemorning/afternoon/eveningon:用于具体的某一天，或具体的早上、下午、晚上;星期。ontheafternoonofMay5thonacoldday，onMonday/Tuesday…for/since:后面+一段时间，现在完成时的标志②其它介词with:与...一起，和...；带着...，有...的；以(手段、材料)，用(工具)without:没有。by+交通工具③介词+doingafter/beforedoing;indoing;fordoing…7.考连词but/however：表示转折关系；(but后无逗号；however,后须有逗号)so/therefore/thus：表示因果关系；or：或者、否则之意。and：表示并列关系；though/although：表示虽然……但是，不能与but连用。all：表示全部都，用于三者以上；none:表示没有人，用于三者或三者以上（侧重指人，表否定）both...and：表示两者都；either...or：表示两者之一（选择）；neither...nor：表示两者中没有一个；either:用于句末，表示两者的否定too:用于句末，表示两者的肯定also:用于句中，表示也8.考动词：一看：有无时态标志；单复数标志；二看：空格前有无情态动词（情态动词+do）、介词（介词+Ving）三看：并列结构；有无and/or（如有则观察and/or前或后的动词形式，答案选项的形式要与其保持一致）四看：固定搭配，如make/letsbdosth,seesbdo/doingsth等9.考被动语态被动语态：be(is/are/am/was/were)+done（过去分词）含有情态动词的被动语态：should/must/can/could/may/might……bedone10.考定语从句：跟在名词/代词后面，修饰名词/代词修饰人：who修饰物：which11.考宾语从句：跟在谓语后面三要素：①引导词②时态当主句为一般现在时时，从句可以为任何时态；当主句为一般过去时时，从句必须用过去时态；当从句为表示客观事实，真理时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时；③语序：陈序语序12.考词性-tion 一般为名词后缀separation,selection,-ness 一般为名词后缀calmness-ly 一般为副词后缀luckily,fortunately,-ful 一般为形容词后缀careful,-ing/-ed 一般为形容词后缀-ing形容的是物；-ed形容的是人13.固定搭配pickup 捡起waitfor 等待dealwith 处理thinkof 思考lookahead 向前看，预测未来lookout 小心lookon 冷眼旁观lookup 仰望；查阅；拜访bepleasedwith 对….满意beworriedabout 担忧/心besatisfiedwith 对….满意beamazedat 对….惊讶clearaway 清除sendaway 发送，派遣turnaway 拒绝giveaway 赠送，泄露throwaway 扔掉lookfor 寻找lookup 仰望；查阅；尊敬；拜访lookback 回顾；回头看lookout 注意；小心；面朝；照料lookdown 俯视；向下看lookdownupon 看不起lookafter 照顾lookat 看bemadeof... 由……制成（看得见的材料）bemadefrom... 由……制成（看不见的材料）bemadein... 产于/制于某地makeup 构成，化妆makeupone’smindtodosth下定决心做某事解题技巧方法一：上下文推断法根据上下文的提示或暗示,体验语境和作者的情感态度,结合语法知识,选出符合场景的最佳选项。例1(2020年广东省卷节选)Judie’sclasswasstudyingChineseculture.Oneday,herteacherwentintotheclassroom31somekites.

31.A.to B.in C.with D.by解析:联系上下文可知,她的老师带着风筝走进教室,with表伴随,故选C。[总结]语法选择中介词的常见考法:(1)表示时间:at+时刻,in+世纪/年/月/季节,on+具体一天或具体某一天的早/午/晚,for+一段时间;(2)表示方式:by乘坐,用……方式;with用……;in使用……(语言或文字);(3)短语或句型的搭配:withone’shelp,onone’sown,It’s+adj.+forsb.+todosth.等。例2(2020年广东省卷节选)Hetoldthemthatkites32inChinamorethan2,000yearsago.Attheendoftheclass,hesaid,“TheChinesemakekitesthatmeansomethingimportanttothem...”32.A.invent B.invented C.areinvented D.wereinvented解析:由句意可知,风筝是“被发明的”,由told可知时态是一般过去时,故选D。[总结]被动语态结构:主语+bedone(看主谓,注意前后时态)。例3(2020年广东省卷节选)Youwillhavea34understandingofkitesthanbefore.

34.A.good B.better C.best D.thebest解析:由上下文及thanbefore可知,用形容词比较级,故选B。[总结]语法选择中形容词常考原级、比较级、最高级,常见句型:(1)A+be+(not)so/as+原形+as+B.(2)A+be+比较级+than+B.(3)A+be+oneofthe+形容词最高级+名词复数.例4(2020年广东省卷节选)“Whatdoyouthinkofwhenyouseeakite?”herdadasked.Judiethoughtforamomentand36,“Butterflies.”

36.A.answers B.answered C.willanswer D.hasanswered解析:and连接两个并列谓语,看前后动词时态,thought是过去式,故选B。[总结]语法选择中动词时态的解题方法:看首句及上下文时态、前后动词时态、时间状语等。例5(2020年广东省卷节选)Judie’sdadagreedthatitwouldbeagoodideatomakeabutterflykite.Theymadeacrosswithsomewoodsticks,37thenJudiepaintedabutterflyonapieceofwhitepaper.Nexttheystuckthepaperonthecross.Finallytheytiedalongtailtothebottom.

37.A.and B.but C.or D.so解析:由下文Next,Finally可知,前后表承接,故选A。例6(2020年广东省卷节选)Judie’sdadagreedthatitwouldbeagoodideatomakeabutterflykite…Nexttheystuckthepaperonthecross.Finallytheytiedalongtailtothebottom.Thenextmorning,theytook38kitetotheparkandtestedit.

38.A.a B.an C.the D.\解析:特指上文的abutterflykite,故选C。[总结]语法选择中冠词的常见考法:(1)首次出现且表示数量为一个的名词前,a+辅音音素开头的单词,an+元音音素开头的单词;(2)第二次出现或表特指的名词前+the。例7(2020年广东省卷节选)“Judie,canyoutellme40youlikebutterflies?”askedherdad.

Judiereplied,“Tome,butterfliesmeanbeautyandfreedom!”40.A.why B.which C.what D.when解析:下文说明了喜欢蝴蝶的原因,由此推断出用why引导宾语从句,故选A。[总结]语法选择中连词的常见考法:(1)判断关系:转折关系(but,although/though,or)、因果关系(because,so)、并列关系(and)、固定搭配(either…or…,neither…nor…,so…that…,both…and…)(2)引导从句:状从—if(如果),when,while,as,after,since,before,assoonas,till(until),unless宾从—that,what,if(是否),whether,how,when,why,where方法二：句子成分分析法分析句子的各个成分,结合语法知识,补充句子所缺的成分。语法选择中常考的句子成分:谓语(表示做动作的词)、宾语(动作的承受者)、定语(修饰性质的词)、状语(时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、条件等)。例1(2020年广东省卷节选)Judiedecidedtoaskherdadforhelpasitwas35firsttimetomakeakite.

“Whatdoyouthinkofwhenyouseeakite?”herdadasked.35.A.her B.herself C.hers D.she解析:用形容词性物主代词修饰后面的firsttime,故选A。[总结]语法选择中常考的代词:(1)动词、介词后用人称代词宾格(him/her/them);(2)空格后有名词,用形容词性物主代词(his/her/their);(3)空格后没有名词,用名词性物主代词(his/hers/theirs);(4)反身代词:enjoy/help/dress/teachoneself(-selves);(5)不定代词:other,theother,another,others,theothers等。例2(2020年广州卷节选)Thechildrenholdtheirbookscloseastheysaygood-byeandrunhome12.Davidandhisdonkeysheadback,overandaroundthehills,andintothesunset.

12.A.cheer B.cheerful C.cheerfully D.morecheerful解析:作状语,用副词修饰前面的动词run,故选C。[总结]副词(-ly)用于修饰动词/句子。方法三：固定搭配结合上下文并利用动词短语、介词短语、常用句型的固定搭配来直接选择答案。例1(2020年广东省卷节选)Attheendoftheclass,hesaid,“TheChinesemakekitesthatmeansomethingimportanttothem.Iexpecteachofyou33akitethatmeanssomethingimportanttoyou…

33.A.make B.tomake C.making D.made解析:固定搭配:expectsb.todosth.“期望某人做某事”,故选B。[总结]语法选择中非谓语动词的常见考法:(1)介词+doing,todo(表目的);(2)接todo的动词(agree,promise,decide,refuse,advise等);(3)接doing的动词或短语(mind,practice,enjoy,lookforwardto,giveup等)。例2(2020年广东省卷节选)“Wow!”shecriedproudly.“39highmybutterflyflies!”

39.A.What B.Whata C.Whatan D.How解析:感叹句:How+adv.+主语+谓语!,故选D。[总结]感叹句句型:(1)What(+a/an)+adj.+n.(+主语+谓语)!(2)How+adj./adv.(+主语+谓语)!易错点1如何判断形容词或副词的比较等级(2020年广东省卷节选)Youwillhavea34understandingofkitesthanbefore.

A.good B.better C.best D.thebest点拨:本题易错选C。句中有标志词than出现,一般要选比较级。解析:good好的(原级);better更好的(比较级);best最好的(最高级);thebest最好的(最高级)。根据句中的thanbefore,可知应用比较级,故选B。结构:“A+谓语动词/系动词+形容词或副词比较级+than+B”表示“A比B更……”。易错点2如何区分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词(2020年广东省卷节选)Judiedecidedtoaskherdadforhelpasitwas35firsttimetomakeakite.

A.her B.herself C.hers D.she点拨:本题易错选C或D。选代词时,如果空格后面有名词,可判断填形容词性物主代词;如果空格后面没有其他内容,可判断填名词性物主代词。解析:句意:朱迪决定向她的爸爸求助,因为这是她第一次做风筝。根据空后的名词time,可知此空应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词,故选A。方法四：复习方法1.复习《义务教育英语课程标准》(2011年版)中的各个语法点并能掌握和熟练运用各语法点的基本结构和基本规则。2.平时多积累,多阅读文章和对话,领悟文章、对话中句子与句子之间的关系,把握段落之间的关系,并理解整篇文章、对话的大致内容以及上下文逻辑关系,不断形成英语的语感,这样做起题目来会更加得心应手。3.加强练习,从中发现并掌握该类题目的规律,对自己不熟悉的、容易错的语法知识抓紧时间查漏补缺。训练自己的逻辑思维,并提高做题的准确性。一阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项Everyoneuseshisorherownspecialwords1hisorherideasandfeelings.Someoftheseexpressionsare2usedformanyyears.3arepopularforjustashorttime.SuchanAmericanexpressionis“Whereisthebeef?”It4whensomethingisnotasgoodasitissaidtobe.5,“Whereisthebeef?”wasoneof6expressionsintheUnitedStates.It7asifeveryonewasusingitatthattime.Weallknow“McDonald’s”wasfamousforahamburgermade8beef.Whensomebusinessmensawit,theyopenedtheirownhamburgerrestaurants.Onecompany9“Wendy”saiditshamburgerswerebiggerthan10soldbyMcDonald’soranyoneelse’s.Thecompanybegantousetheexpression“Whereisthebeef?”tomakepeople11thatWen