Unit1PeopleofAchievementDiscoverusefulstructures课件高中英语人教版选择性

定语从句之：非限制性定语从句

Non-RestrictiveAttributiveClause一、什么是定语从句？1.以句子的形式起修饰一个词或句子的形容词的作用

2.是名词的一种后置修饰成分

作用相当于一个形容词ThewomanwhoisreceivingtheprizeisTuYouyou.先行词关系词定语从句who关系代词关系副词who,whom,which,that,whose,aswhere,when,why关系词的作用：①引导作用(引导定语从句)②替代作用(替代先行词)③在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用主、宾/表、状决定关系词的不是先行词，而是关系词在定语从句中充当的成分来认识一下关系词的本质吧：搞定定语从句关系词两步走1.看从句中是否缺必要成分，即主语、宾语、表语2.看先行词的词义选关系词

定语从句缺主语／宾语／表语吗？选关系代词具体选谁，看先行词选关系副词具体选谁，看先行词人用whothatwhom非人thatwhich限定名词whose时间when原因why地点where缺不缺注意：why不用于非限定性定语从句，非限定从中whyforwhich注意：that不用于非限定性定语从句The

classification

ofAttributiveClause

TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式上意义上作用上翻译上关系词无逗号有逗号去掉从句，主句意思不完整不明确去掉从句，主句意思仍然完整清楚修饰限定只修饰一个名词或代词补充说明可修饰一个词，也可修饰整个句子译为“……的”常译成与主句并列的句子作宾语时可省略关系词不可省略不能用that,why引导限制性限制性定从和非限制性定从的区分1先行词作用关系代词关系副词作主语作宾语作定语做状语人whowho/whomwhosewhenwhere物whichwhich非限制性注：非限制性定语从句关系词（必背）不能用that和why来引导。不可省略先行词作用关系代词关系副词作主语作宾语作表语作定语做状语人that/whothat/who/whom/不填that/不填whosewhenwherewhy物that/whichthat/which/不填限制性【即学即练】判断下列句子哪些是限制性定语从句，哪些是非限制性定语从句①Peoplewhotakephysicalexerciselivelonger.②Hisdaughter,whoisinBostonnow,iscominghomenextweek.③Peterdrovetoofast,whichwasdangerous.④Hechangedhismind,whichmademeveryangry.⑤Taobaoisawebsitewhereyoucanbuywhatyouwantatagoodprice.限制性定语从句是_____________句，非限制性定语从句是___________________句。①⑤②③④Canyoutellmethereason

youwerelate?Canyoutellmethereason________________

hetoldyou?Canyoutellmethereason,__________youchangedyourmind？

why(that/which)在定语从句中，当从句缺少主语或宾语时,用关系代词;当从句是完整的句子时,用关系副词。why不用于非限定从，需变成forwhich区分关系代词和关系副词

难点forwhich*Thisistheshop_____Iboughtmybook.*Thisistheshop__________mymotherworksin.*Thisistheshop______mymotherworks.which/thatwhereHaveatry!where

关系代词vs关系副词

Step1：缺否

Step2：先行词特点

注意顺序，缺一不可1.非限制性定语从句中,指物时,用which而不用that。Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.Allthebooksthere,whichhavebeautifulpictures,werewrittenbyhim.定语从句关系代词先行词MissChen,whomyoumetinthelibrary,isournewteacher.TheArabs,whoarefamousfortheirhorsesandcamels,usetheseanimalsforworkandinsports.LiMing,whosemotherhasbeenillfortwodays,isabsentfromschooltoday.2.指人时主格用who,宾格用whom,物主格用whose(也可指物)。3.另外关系副词when(指时间),where(指地点)也可以引导非限制性定语从句(注意关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。Helivesinthecity,wherethereisahightower.ThePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfoundedin1949,whenhewasborn.定语从句关系副词先行词WuDong,__________Iwenttotheuniversity,isjustmyhighschoolclassmate.Herbag,_________sheputallherbooks,hasnotbeenfound.with

whominwhich4.介词加关系代词也可以引导非限定性定语从句。Practice1.Liming,________totheconcertenjoyeditverymuch.A.IwentwithB.withwhomIwentC.withwhoIwentD.Iwentwithhim2.Therearetwosmallroomsinthebeachhouse,_________servesasakitchen.A.thesmallerofwhichB.asmallerofwhichC.thesmallerofthemD.smallerofthat3.Thattree,__________branchesarealmostgone,isveryold.A.whoseB.ofwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich4.Edisonmadealotofinventions,________ofgreatimportance.A.whichIthinkareB.whichIthinktheyareC.IthinktheyareD.thatIthinkare关系代词whose+n.=the+n.+ofwhich/whom=ofwhich/whom+the+n.Practice5.Mymotherisgratefultothesurgeon,without________helpshewouldhavediedfromherheartattack.A.whoB.themC.whichD.whose6.Heisastrictbutkind-heartedfather,_________thechildrenrespectbutareafraidof.A./B.thatC.forwhomD.whom7.Emmalivedwithhergrandparentsfor3yearsinasmallvillage,__________shewenttoschoolinNewYork.A.inwhichB.afterthatC.afterwhichD.inthat注意：一定要注意分析从句的结构，确定究竟用关系代词还是关系副词②当point,stiuation,position,case,condition,stage等词作先行词表示“情况、境地、场合”时，关系副词用whereeg.I'vecometothepointwhereIcan'tstandhim.

我已经到了这样的一个境地，我已经完全不能容忍他了。③关系副词(when/where/why)=介词+which④先行词是theway,意为“方式，方法”时，关系词在从句中作状语，引导定语从句的关系词用that/inwhich或省略。[例]

Ididn'tliketheway(that/inwhich)shetalkedtome.限制性限制性定从和非限制性定从的区分2（1）限制性定语从句：先行词是名词、代词和名词性短语。（2）非限制性定语从句：除这三种之外，还可以是整个句子。Themeetingwasputoff,whichgaveusmoretimetoprepare.Thelittleboywonthefirstprizeinpull-upcompetition,whichsurprisedus.as位置：可置于主句前、中、后。先行词：通常为整个主句含义：“正如，如同”___________________________which位置：置于主句之后

先行词：可以是主句中的一个词、主句的部分内容、甚至整个主句含义：“这，那（件事）”as和which引导非限制性定从的区别:1.asisknowntoall=asweallknow众所周知

2.asissaid正如所说的

3.asyoucansee=ascanbeseen正如你所看见的4.asisreported正如报道的5.asisexpected正如预料的6.asispointedout正如指出的7.asafamoussayinggoes正如一句谚语所说/俗话说8.asismentionedabove正如以上提到的非限制性定语从句中，as常用于下列句式e.g.:Asisknowntousall,ZhongNanshanisoneofthegreatestphysiciansinChina.1.先行词是指物的不定代词（-thing）或被不定代词修饰；常用的不定代词有some,all,any,much,many...2.先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰；3.先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰；4.先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast修饰；5.先行词既有人又有物；6.主句主语是who或which时；7.先行词是主句表语或关系词是从句表语时。代指事物时，只用that，不用which（7种）代指事物时，只用which，不用that（两种）两个之后(逗号之后，介词之后)1.先行词是these,those指人时，关系代词只用who2.先行词是人称代词(he,she…)时，关系代词常用who3.不定代词one,someone,anyone,everyone,noone,somebody,anybody,everybody作先行词时，关系代词用who4.非限制性定语从句中，先行词是人时，用who，that不能引导非限制性定语从句MrGreen,whoisagreatteacher,ispopularamongstudents.格林先生在学生当中很受欢迎，他是个不错的老师。只用who不用that1.Godhelpsthose_______helpthemselves（自助者天助）。2.He_______laughslastlaughsbest.（谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好）。3.He________doesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.（不到长城非好汉）.1.Thereisnothing______wecandonow.2.Thepresenttimeisthebestgift______youcangiveyourself.3.Don'ttrustthefirstsign______yousee.4.Thisistheverybook______Iwant.5.Mymotherandheroldfriendstalkedofthingsandpersons______theyrememberedintheschool.whowhowhothatthatthatthatthatTesthowwellyoumasterit?1.[2016年天津卷9]Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,____theweathermaybebetter.A.whenB.that C.whereD.which2.[2016年全国III卷]SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius(孔子),

____livedfromroughly551to479B.C.,influencedthedevelopmentofchopsticks.A.whereB.thatC.whoD./3.[2015北京24]OppositeisSt.Paul’sChurch,_____youcanhearsomelovelymusic.A.whereB.thatC.whoD./

Choosethebestanswer1.(2019·浙江卷·语法填空)Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloth_____________givesofflightinthedark.2.(2019·北京卷·语法填空)Thestudentsbenefitingmostfromcollegearethose__________aretotallyengaged(参与)inacademiclife.3.(2018·全国I)Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014________showedamere5to10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses.高考链接that/whichwho