Unit2BridgingCulturesDiscoverUsefulStructures课件高中英语人教版选择性

Unit2BridgingCulturesDiscoveringusefulstructureNounClauseTolearnsomeusefulwordsandphrasesTobeabletomarkanounclauseTolearntoanalysethefunctionofanounclauseTobeabletouseandwritenounclausesLead-in

[观察例句]1．WhatseemedstrangebeforenowappearsquitenormaltoXieLei.2.WhatsurprisedXieLeiwasthatshefoundherselfspeakingupinclassafterjustafewweeks.3．It'simportantthatXieLeikeepsabalancebetweenherstudiesand

hersociallife.4．Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirst

orsecondlanguage.5．Hertutorexplainedthatshewassupposedtoreadlotsofinformation

tohelpformawiseopinionofherown.6．Thefactthatsheseemedtodevelopnormallywasveryencouraging.皆为主从复合句主语从句主语从句。it为形式主语表语从句主语从句表语从句宾语从句同位语从句Thestructureofnounclauses

名词性从句

nounclause主语从句subjectclause宾语从句objectclause表语从句predicativeclause同位语从句appositiveclause从句一律保持陈述语序II名词性从句定义在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句(NounClauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。根据名词性从句在句中充当的不同成分，可以把名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从属连词连接代词连接副词that（无词义单一宾语从句可省略，其他不能）,whether,if（是否）asif/asthough(好像)what,who,whom,whose,which,whoever,whatever,whicheverwhen,where,how,why有(无)词义，但不做成分有词义，做主，宾，表，定语有词义，做状语成分ConjunctionsofNounClauses(引导名词性从句的关联词):Findanddiscussthefunctionsofnounclauses.①Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.②Whathewantstotellusisnotveryclear.③Whereweshallperformtheexperimentisstillunderdiscussion.④

Whenwewillholdthesportsmeethasn’tbeenannounced.⑤

HowhegotintouchwithTomwillbediscussedattheconference.⑥

Thatlighttravelsfasterthansoundisknowntousall.⑦Whethershelikesthepresentisnotcleartome.以上从句为名词性从句中_____________(类)，引导词可以用：________________________________________________________主语从句that/whether/what/who/when/where/why/whatever/whoever等ObserveandDiscover1._________didthiswillsoonerorlaterbecaughtandwillbepunished.2.__________doubtshemighthavehadaboutIngridwereallovernow.3.______thedelayedflightwilltakeoffdependsmuchontheweather.WhoeverWhateverWhen一、主语从句：从句在句中充当主语成分it的用法:形式主语It’spossible/important/necessary/clear…that…

很可能/重要的是……/必要的是……/很清楚……It’ssaid/reported…that…据说/据报道……It’sbeenannounced/declaredthat…已经通知/宣布……Itseems/appears/happens…that…显然/明显/碰巧……It’snowonderthat…并不奇怪/无疑……It’sapitythat…遗憾的是……It’safact/acommonknowledge…众所周知……It’sacommonsaying…俗话说“if”

不能引导主语从句，应由“whether”引导主语从句的“that”

一般不能省略“what”

引导主语从句时，谓语动词： (1)常与其后作表语的名词一致 (2)根据句子的语境而定·Whatyoulefthereyesterdayareonlyseveraloldbooks.·Whatyoutoldusattheconferenceisofgreatimportance.·Whathesaysanddoesdoesn’tconcernme.·Whathesaysanddoesdon’tagree.“易错”引导词的区别：一、what&that◆what引导名词性从句时不仅起连接作用，而且在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语等。◆that引导名词性从句时只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分。如：Ireallydon’tknowwhattheyaretalkingaboutbehindothers.(what引导宾语从句，在从句中作about的宾语)Hetellsme(that)heisleavingforShanghaionbusiness.(that引导宾语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分)二、whether&if◆whether可与ornot连用，但if不能。◆whether从句可位于句首或句尾，而if不能引导位于句首的主语从句。如：

Whetherwe’llgocampingtomorrowhasn’tbeendiscussedatthemeetingyet.(不能用if引导)◆if不能引导表语从句、同位语从句。◆介词后的宾语从句不能用if引导。如：

Italldependsonwhethertheywilljoinusinthefootballmatch.(不能用if引导)1.Iaskedher______________shehadabike.

2.____________wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.

3.We'reworriedabout____________heissafe.

4.Idon'tknow_________________hewillcome.

5.Idon'tknow____________ornotheiswell.

6.Thequestionis____________heshoulddoit.

7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion________theoldmanwillrecoversoon.

8.Idon'tknow___________togo.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherWhether和if的区别Whether和if的区别不能使用if的情况：a.主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句e.介词后的宾语从句f.不定式前用whether即whethertodog.whetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.Findanddiscussthefunctionsofnounclauses.①Ihope(that)Chinawillbecomeasuccessfulandprosperouscountry.②IwonderwhyJanegetsonsowellwithherclassmates.③Ican’timaginewhatwouldbecomeoftheworldwithoutbooks.④OnereasonisthatIwanttoknowwhenIcanhavingagoodtime.⑤I’minterestedinwhetheryou’vefinishedthework.⑥Now,I'dliketoknowwhether/ifyou’veeverworkedindependently.以上从句为名词性从句中_____________(类),引导词可以有：______________________________________________________宾语从句that/whether/what/who/when/where/why/whatever/whoever等ObserveandDiscover二、宾语从句：从句在句中充当宾语成分（可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语）

that(常可省略),whether,if

连词： who,what,which,whoever,whatever when,where,why,how1.当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。2.当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.travels宾语从句注意事项◆表示“建议、命令、要求”等意义的动词，如suggest,demand,order,insist等，其后的宾语从句中谓语动词用should+

动词原形，should可省略。如：Shedemandedthathe(should)returnthebooksheborrowedfromher.Isuggestyou(should)askhimsomespecificquestionsabouthispast.Heorderedthattheporter(should)lockthedoorsatnight.◆如果主句的谓语是过去时，宾语从句的时态要用过去的相应时态。但若宾语从句表示的是客观真理或自然现象，其谓语仍用一般现在时。如：

Theteachertoldusthattheearthmovesroundthesun.◆当宾语从句后有宾语补足语时，通常用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如：

Doyouthinkitpossiblethattheworkwillbefinishedbytheendofthismonth?Hethinksitimportantthatwetrytodosomehouseworkafterschool.Theheadmasterhasmadeitclearthattheschoolmeetingwillnotbeputoff.◆当主句主语是第一人称，且谓语为think,believe,suppose,expect等动词时，如果宾语从句表示否定意思，通常否定前移，即否定主句谓语。如：

Idon’tthink(that)

Icaneverforgivehim.Idon’tbelieve(that)hecancomehereontime.以上从句为名词性从句中_____________(类)，引导词有：____________________________________________________表语从句that/whether/what/who/when/where/why/whatever/whoever等ObserveandDiscoverFindanddiscussthefunctionsofnounclauses.①Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.②Thequestioniswhatweshoulddo.③Theproblemishowweshouldcarryouttheplan.④Thequestioniswhetherthefilmisworthseeing.⑤Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthebusbyone

minutethismorning.⑥Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)tellhimthetruth.连接词：that/whether/asif/asthough

(if不引导表语从句)连接代词：who/whoever/which/whatever

连接副词：when/where/why/how

三、表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后。作用：对主语进行解释说明。Summary1.在表语从句中，表“是否”时，只能用“whether”不能用“if”。2.一般情况下,“that”不能省略。3.Itis/waswhy…4.Thereason(why…/for…)is/wasthat…即学即练1.Thisis______happenswhenyoumakerashdecisions.2.Thebestmomentforthefootballstarwas______hescoredthewinninggoal.whatwhen表语从句注意事项◆当主语是reason，且后面的表语从句表示原因时通常用that引导从句；而it,this或that作主语时，后面的表语从句可用because或why引导。如：

Thereasonwasthatalotofpeopleliketomakepuns.

Itoldheritwasbecausepeoplecouldmakethemintofriedchicken.

ThatwaswhyIdidn’tforgettosmileattheoldpeoplewheneverIsawthem.◆表语从句还可由asif/though,as等引导。如：

Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.Thehouselooksasitdidwhenhelivedinitasachild.以上从句为名词性从句中___________(类)，引导词可以有：___________________________________________Ihavenoidea

when

youbegantolearnEnglish.how

thiswouldtranslateintoChinese.where

theyarespendingtheirholidays.who

myfutureboyfriendwillbe.why

hewaslookingatmewhenhesaidthat.which

onewouldyourecommend.what

liesbeyondthenextvalley.whom

theyaretalkingaboutinsecret.whether

thetrafficisterribleonthatway.that

shehasyeteverseenamanshecaredfor.

同位语从句that/whether/what/who/when/where/why等ObserveandDiscover四、同位语从句：从句在句中充当同位语成分，一般跟在一些抽象名词（idea,belief,fact,truth,rumour,news等）后面，对名词作进一步解释说明。同位语从句常用that/whether引导或连接副词when/where/why/how。

即学即练1.About68%ofthosesurveyeddisagreedwiththeopinion______readingisboringorold-fashioned.2.The__________

(possible)thatsomethingcouldgowrongrequiredastateofhyper-awareness.thatpossibilityWeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometoChinaagain.Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed.同位语从句和定语从句的区别1.

同位语从句:that只起连接作用，不作任何成分；

定语从句:

that是关系代词，起连接作用，充当宾语和主语。2.同位语从句:与前面的名词是同位关系，对名词进行补充说明；定语从句:与前面的名词是所属关系,对名词进行修饰,加以限定。3.同位语从句:

that不能省略；

定语从句:

that在从句中作宾语时,可以省略。CompareandDiscoverThefactthatshehadapologizedcountedfornothingwithhim.Thenewsthatanearthquakehitthecountrygaveeveryoneashock.Suddenlythethoughtcametomethathecouldgoblind.Thethoughtthatsuddenlycameto

me

isterrible.(thatclause=thefact)（同位语从句）(that指代thenews)（定语从句）（同位语从句）(定语从句）CompareandDiscover如何选择正确的连接词分析句子成分缺主宾表定缺状语用连接代词用连接副词根据语意缺什么补什么都不缺用that或whether1._________goesagainstthetideofhistorywillcometonogoodend.2.At9:00inthemorning,Icalledmydadtoask___________Icouldcomeoverafterwork.3.Wemustfindout______Karliscoming,sowecanbookaroomforhim.4.Manyreasonscanexplain_____peopleliketohavepets.5.Watson,lookupintotheskyandtellme_______youcansee.6.Weneedtofind________it’scomingfromand_____areweexperiencingsuchfeeling.whether/ifwhenWhoever即学即练whywhatwherewhy1.Peopleoftenlinktheirmemoryof_____they’vereadtohowfarintothebookitwasorwhereitwasonthepage.(2024年新课标全国高考I卷)2.Prof.Gracie,withallhispatience,askedmetothinkaboutitbeyond________Ilikeditornot.(2024年全国高考英语甲卷)3.Perhapsmostremarkable,however,wasthefact______thismanspenthoursstudyingeverydayafterhardphysicallabor.(2024年1月浙江高考英语)4.Ithinkapointthatmanypeoplelosesightofis_____easyitcanbetofallbehindschedule.(2024年1月浙江高考英语)5.Shedecidedthatshewouldmemorize_______herclasseswereandthenpretendthattherestoftheplacedidn’texist.(2024年1月浙江高考英语)即学即练whatwhetherthatPracticehowwhere6.Ihappentoknow_____Tang’splayThePeonyPavilion(《牡丹亭》)issimilarinsomewaystoRomeoandJuliet.(2024年新课标全国高考II卷)7.ItwasveryexcitingtoheartheChineselanguageandsee_____Tang’splaywasbeingperformed.(2024年新课标全国高考II卷)8.Membersleavebooksonparkbenchesandbuses,intrainstationsandcoffeeshops._________findstheirbookwillgotothesiteandrecordwheretheyfoundit.9.Afteraheateddiscussionthatlastedfor______seemedlikeacentury,Gunterputhisphonedownandstartedthecar.(2024年新课标全国高考II卷)10.Theonlyopportunityshecouldseizetostudywas______herbrotherwashavingChineselessonswiththefamilytutor.(2024年全国高考英语甲卷)thathow即学即练PracticeWhoever

what

when1._______________(可能)shewillcomebacktomorrow.2._______________(很明显)thismeasureiseffective.3._______________(很遗憾)welostthematch.4.______________(这是事实)hecheatedintheexam.5._________________(据报道)20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.6._________________(建议)we