《Python语言程序设计》课件-案例1（中英文课件）

Python语言程序设计《案例：利用字典改进猜字游戏》PythonLanguageProgrammingCaseStudy:ImprovingCharadeswithDictionaries案例利用字典改进猜字游戏123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627fromGameimport*#引入Game.py中的所有函数

title='1：我要玩猜字游戏'

title+='\n2：看看每次的猜字情况'

title+='\n3：看看某次的猜字情况'

title+='\n4：退出程序'

logdic={}

times=0

whileTrue:

print(title)

choice=int(input('请输入编号：'))

ifchoice==1:

times+=1

x=eval(input("随机数的最小值："))

y=eval(input("随机数的最大值："))

z=eval(input("猜测次数："))

logList=GuessNumGame(x,y,z)

print(logList)

strLog=",".join(map(str,logList))

logdic[times]=strLog

elifchoice==2:

forkeyinlogdic.keys():

print('第{}次游戏：'.format(key),logdic[key])

elifchoice==3:

cnt=eval(input("请输入第几次："))

print('第{}次游戏：'.format(cnt),logdic.get(cnt))

elifchoice==4:

quit()testGame.py第6行：定义了一个空字典logdic，用来存储每次游戏的情况。第19行：logdic[times]=strLog，Python的字典利用”Key－Value”（键－值）机制存入数据。第21行：利用for语句遍历字典logdic，采用forkeyinlogdic.keys()字典中的数据是无序的，仅与key有关第25行：利用get方法引用Value：logdic.get(cnt)“logdic[key]”与“logdic.get(cnt)”的区别CaseinpointUsingdictionariestoimprovecharades123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627FromGameimport*#IntroduceallfunctionsinGame.py

title='1：Iwanttoplaycharade'

title+='\n2：Checkthespellingeverytime'

title+='\n3：Lookataguessingsituation'

title+='\n4Exittheprogram'

logdic={}

times=0

whileTrue:

print(title)

Choice=int(input('pleaseenterthenumber:'))

ifchoice==1:

times+=1

x=eval(input("minimumvalueofrandomnumber:"))

y=eval(input("maximumvalueofrandomnumber:"))

z=eval(input("numberofguesses:"))

logList=GuessNumGame(x,y,z)

print(logList)

strLog=",".join(map(str,logList))

logdic[times]=strLog

elifchoice==2:

forkeyinlogdic.keys():

Print('Game{}:'.format(key),logdic[key])

elifchoice==3:

Cnt=eval(input("Pleaseenterthenumberoftimes:"))

Print('Game{}:'.format(cnt),logdic.get(cnt))

elifchoice==4:

quit()testGame.pyLine6:Anemptydictionarylogdicisdefinedtostorethesituationofeachgame.Line19:logdic[times]=strLog,Python'sdictionaryusesthe"KeyValue"mechanismtostoredata.Line21:Usetheforstatementtotraversethedictionarylogdic,andusetheforkeyinlogdic.keys()ThedatainthedictionaryisunorderedandonlyrelatedtothekeyLine25:UsethegetmethodtoreferenceValue:logdic.get(cnt)Thedifferencebetween"logdic[key]"and"logdic.get(cnt)"6logdic={}案例【游戏中的字符串格式化及优化】定义空字典19logdic[times]=strLogKey－Value”（键－值）2122forkeyinlogdic.keys():

print('第{}次游戏：'.format(key),logdic[key])遍历方式25

print('第{}次游戏：'.format(cnt),logdic.get(cnt))Get方法6logdic={}Case[Stringformattingandoptimizationingames]Definetheemptydictionary19logdic[times]=strLogKeyValue2122forkeyinlogdic.keys():

Print('Game{}:'.format(key),logdic[key])traversalmode25

Print('Game{}:'.format(cnt),logdic.get(cnt))Getmethod问题1:字典、列表、元组声明？{}[]（）问题2:“logdic[key]”与“logdic.get(cnt)”的区别？提问在没有找到记录时直接引用“logdic[key]”会产生错误退出程序，而利用get方法“logdic.get(cnt)”则会返回“None”Question1:Dictionary,list,tupledeclaration?{}[]（）Question2:Whatisthedifferencebetween"logdic[key]"and"logdic.get(cnt)"?AskaquestionWhennorecordisfound,directlyreferencing"logdic[key]"willcauseanerrortoexittheprogram,whileusingthegetmethod"logdic.get(cnt)"willreturn"None"Python语言程序设计《案例：游戏中的字符串格式化及优化》PythonLanguageProgrammingCaseStudy:StringFormattingandOptimizationinGames案例游戏中的字符串格式化及优化对猜字游戏代码进行修改，字符串格式化及优化1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829defGuessNumGame(*T):

secret=random.randint(T[0],T[1])

guess=0

tries=0

logList=[]#定义一个列表用来记录用户猜字的过程

print('请你猜一猜从{}到{},会是什么数字?'.format(T[0],T[1]))

print("你只有{}次机会哦!".format(T[2]))

logBetween="猜测范围：{}到{}".format(T[0],T[1])

logTries="猜测机会：{}次".format(T[2])

logTrue="正确的数字为：{}".format(secret)

logList.append([logBetween,logTries,logTrue])

whiletries<T[2]:

guess=eval(input("请输入你猜的数字："))

tries+=1

ifguess<secret:

print("太小了！！！！！！！！！！")

logList.append(['第{}次'.format(tries),guess,'太小了'])

continue

elifguess>secret:

print("太大了！！！！！！！！！！")

logList.append(['第{}次'.format(tries),guess,'太大了'])

continue

else:

print("恭喜你，猜对了！")

logList.append(['第{}次'.format(tries),guess,'猜对了'])

break

ifguess!=secret:

print("很可惜，你猜错了！")

returnlogListGame.py1234567891011from

import*#引入Game.py中的所有函数

#调用GuessNumGame猜字函数

x

=eval(input("随机数的最小值："))

y

=eval(input("随机数的最大值："))

z=eval(input("猜测次数："))

logList=GuessNumGame(x,y,z)

print(logList)

strLog=

",".join(map(str,logList))

#将列表转换成字符串，后续考虑存储到文件中。

print(strLog)test.pyCaseinpointstringformattingandoptimizationingamesModification,stringformattingandoptimizationofcharadescode1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829defGuessNumGame(*T):

secret=random.randint(T[0],T[1])

guess=0

tries=0

logList=[]#Definealisttorecordtheprocessofuserguessing

print('Pleaseguesswhatnumberwillbefrom{}to{}?'format(T[0],T[1]))

print("Youonlyhave{}opportunities!".format(T[2]))

LogBetween="Guessrange:{}to{}".format(T[0],T[1])

LogTries="Guessopportunities:{}times".format(T[2])

LogTrue="Thecorrectnumberis:{}".format(secret)

logList.append([logBetween,logTries,logTrue])

whiletries<T[2]:

guess=eval(input("Pleaseenterthenumberyouguessed:"))

tries+=1

ifguess<secret:

print("Toosmall!!!!!!!!!!")

LogList.append(['the{}th'.format(tries),guess,'toosmall'])

continue

elifguess>secret:

print("Toobig!!!!!!!!!!")

LogList.append(['the{}th'.format(tries),guess,'toobig'])

continue

else:

print("Congratulations,youguesseditright!")

LogList.append(['the{}th'.format(tries),guess,'guessedright'])

break

ifguess!=secret:

print("Unfortunately,youguessedwrong!")

returnlogListGame.py1234567891011from

import*#IntroduceallfunctionsinGame.py

#CallGuessNumGameguessingfunction

x

=eval(input("minimumvalueofrandomnumber:"))

y

=eval(input("maximumvalueofrandomnumber:"))

z

=eval(input("numberofguesses:"))

logList=GuessNumGame(x,y,z)

print(logList)

strLog=

",".join(map(str,logList))

#Convertthelisttoastringforsubsequentconsiderationforstorageinafile.

print(strLog)test.py6print('请你猜一猜从{}到{},会是什么数字?'.format(T[0],T[1]))案例【游戏中的字符串格式化及优化】采用格式化字符串的函数

str.format()的形式，通过{}接收数据，format函数可以接收无限个参数，位置可以不按顺序。如果{}中没有数字，则按顺序获取format函数中的参数值print6print('请你猜一猜从{0}到{1},会是什么数字?'.format(T[0],T[1]))等价于：6print('Pleaseguesswhatnumberwillbefrom{}to{}?'format(T[0],T[1]))Case[Stringformattingandoptimizationingames]Intheformofstr.format(),whichformatsthestring,dataisreceivedthrough{}.Theformatfunctioncanreceiveunlimitedparameters,andthepositionscanbeoutoforder.Iftherearenonumbersin{},gettheparametervaluesintheformatfunctioninorderprint6print('Pleaseguesswhatnumberwillbefrom{0}to{1}?'format(T[0],T[1]))Equivalentto:17logList.append(['第{}次'.format(tries),guess,'太小了'])案例【游戏中的字符串格式化及优化】将format格式化后的字符串放到列表logList中['第{}次'.format(tries),

guess,

'太小了']17LogList.append(['the{}th'.format(tries),guess,'toosmall'])PuttheformatformattedstringintothelistlogList['The{}th'.format(tries),guess,'istoosmall']Case[Stringformattingandoptimizationingames]8strLog=

",".join(map(str,logList))案例【游戏中的字符串格式化及优化】利用map函数将logList中的每个对象都转换成字符串型。map(str,logList)1234567891011from

import*#调用GuessNumGame猜字函数

x

=eval(input("随机数的最小值："))

y

=eval(input("随机数的最大值："))

z=eval(input("猜测次数："))

logList=GuessNumGame(x,y,z)

print(logList)

strLog=

",".join(map(str,logList))

#将列表转换成字符串，后续考虑存储到文件中。

print(strLog)map转换好后，再用join()方法将序列中的元素以指定的字符(,)连接生成一个新的字符",".join(map(str,logList))把logList列表中的所有元素都用逗号(,)隔开，然后拼接在一起，成为一个新的字符串。8strLog=

",".join(map(str,logList))1234567891011from

import*#CallGuessNumGameguessingfunction

x

=eval(input("minimumvalueofrandomnumber:"))

y

=eval(input("maximumvalueofrandomnumber:"))

z

=eval(input("numberofguesses:"))

logList=GuessNumGame(x,y,z)

print(logList)

strLog=

",".join(map(str,logList))

#Convertthelisttoastringforsubsequentconsiderationforstorageinafile.

print(strLog)UsethemapfunctiontoconverteachobjectinthelogListtoastringtype.Afterthemapconversion,usethejoin()methodtoconnecttheelementsinthesequencewiththespecifiedcharacters(,)togenerateanewcharacter",".join(map(str,logList))SeparateallelementsinthelogListwithcommas(,),andthensplicethemtogethertoformanewstring.Case[Stringformattingandoptimizationingames]map(str,logList)问题1:format函数的作用？format函数进行字符串的格式化问题2:下面map(),join()的作用

？提问map(str,logList)“#".join(logList)Question1:Whatdoestheformatfunctiondo?TheformatfunctionformatsthestringQuestion2:Whatarethefunctionsofthefollowingmap()andjoin()?Askaquestionmap(str,logList)“#".join(logList)Python语言程序设计《案例：运行你的第一个程序》PythonLanguageProgrammingCase:RunningYourFirstProgram案例【运行第一个程序】第1行：程序中用“#”表示注释，所有的注释是不执行的。第2行：利用print输出一个字符串，Python的字符串写在双引号（””）或单引号（’’）中。case[Runthefirstprogram]Line1:Commentsareindicatedby"#"intheprogram,andallcommentsarenotexecuted.Line2:Useprinttooutputastring.Pythonstringsarewrittenindoublequotationmarks("")orsinglequotationmarks('').问题1:说说你刚刚学到了哪些内容？（1）注释的方法：#（2）打印：print(“”)

问题2:注释里面的内容是不执行的，对or错？案例【运行第一个程序】Question1:Whathaveyoujustlearned?(1)Commentmethod:#(2)Print:print("")Question2:Thecontentinthecommentisnotexecuted,rightorwrong?case[Runthefirstprogram]********************************你的姓名生日你最喜欢的颜色********************************编写一个简短的程序，打印下面内容：你的姓名、生日以及你最喜欢的颜色。具体格式如下所示：课后练习【任务：打印】********************************YournamebirthdayYourfavoritecolor********************************Writeashortprogramandprintthefollowing:yourname,birthdayandyourfavoritecolor.Thespecificformatisasfollows:[Task:Print]After-schoolexercisesPythonLanguageProgrammingRegularExpressionsforWebParsingCaseinpointRegularExpressionsforWebParsing]1234567importre

f=open('web.txt','r')

web=f.read()

urls=re.findall('https://.*?"',web)

f.close()

forurlinurls:

print(url)123456789101112<divclass="top-nav-websiteapp">

<ahref="/w/app?channel=top-Nav"class="lnk">DownloadXXXwebsiteclient</a><divid="top-nav-appintro"class="more-items">

<pclass="appintrotitle">XXwebsite</p>

<pclass="slogan">Ourblog</p><divclass="download"><aref="/redirect?download=iOS">iPhone</a><span>•</span><ahref="/redirect?download=Ad">Android</a></div></div></div>web.txtLine1:Importtheremodule,whichenablesPythontohaveallregularexpressionfunctions.Inline2,calltheopenmethodofthefiletoopenweb.txt.Inline3,readoutthetextcontentinweb.txtandassignittothewebvariable.getUrls.py279<ahref="/w/app?channel=top-Nav"class="lnk">DownloadXXXwebsiteclient</a><aref="/redirect?download=iOS">iPhone</a><ahref="/redirect?download=Ad">Android</a>

web.txt4urls=re.findall('https://.*?"',web)Inline4,theremoduleprovidesPerlstyleregularexpressionpatterns.Usethefindallfunctiontoobtainallthematchingstringsinthestringweb.Thematchingformatishttps://.*?"。getUrls.pyThebeginningofhttps://meansthathttps://istheprefixtext.Thedot(.)matchesanycharacterexceptthenewlinecharacter"n".Anasterisk(*)meansmatchthepreviouscharacter0timesorinfinitely.Anasterisk(*)followedbyaquestionmark(?).Indicatesanon-greedymatch,i.e.,matchasfewtimesaspossible,e.g.,*?Repeatanynumberoftimes,butaslittleaspossible.Combinationofthreesymbols(.*?)meansmatchanynumberofrepetitions,butusethefewestrepetitionsnecessarytomakethewholematchsuccessful.CaseRegularExpressionsforWebParsing][e.g.]a.*?Bmatchestheshorteststringstartingwithaandendingwithb.Ifitisappliedtoaabab,itwillmatchaabandab.non-greedymatchingCaseRegularExpressionsforWebParsing]279<ahref="/w/app?channel=top-Nav"class="lnk">DownloadXXXwebsiteclient</a><aref="/redirect?download=iOS">iPhone</a><ahref="/redirect?download=Ad">Android</a>

web.txt4urls=re.findall('https://.*?"',web)getUrls.pyhttps://.*?"Indicatesastringthatstartswithhttp://andendswithdoublequotationmarks("),anditisrequiredtomatchthestringwiththeleastrepetition/w/app?channel=top-nav",Soitnolongermatcheshttps:///w/app?channel=top-nav"class=",Althoughclass=isfollowedbydoublequotationmarks("),becauseitisanongreedymode,theonethatmatchessuccessfullyforthefirsttimeisselected.I.ehttps:///w/app?channel=top-nav"。CaseRegularExpressionsforWebParsing]Python语言程序设计【正则表达式进行网页解析】案例【正则表达式进行网页解析】1234567importre

f=open('web.txt','r')

web=f.read()

urls=re.findall('https://.*?"',web)

f.close()

forurlinurls:

print(url)123456789101112<divclass="top-nav-websiteapp"><ahref="/w/app?channel=top-nav"class="lnk">下载某某网站客户端</a><divid="top-nav-appintro"class="more-items"><pclass="appintro-title">某某网站</p><pclass="slogan">我们的部落格</p><divclass="download"><aref="/redirect?download=iOS">iPhone</a><span>•</span><ahref="/redirect?download=Ad">Android</a></div></div></div>web.txt第1行，导入re模块，re模块使Python语言拥有全部的正则表达式功能。第2行，调用文件的open方法，打开web.txt。第3行，将web.txt中的文本内容读取出来，赋值给web变量。getUrls.py279<ahref="/w/app?channel=top-nav"class="lnk">下载某某网站客户端</a><aref="/redirect?download=iOS">iPhone</a><ahref="/redirect?download=Ad">Android</a>

web.txt4urls=re.findall('https://.*?"',web)第4行，re模块提供

Perl风格的正则表达式模式。利用findall函数获取字符串web中所有匹配的字符串。匹配格式为：https://.*?"。getUrls.pyhttps://开头表示以https://为前缀文本。点(.)匹配任意除换行符“\n”外的字符。星号(*)表示匹配前一个字符0次或无限次。星号(*)后跟问号(？)表示非贪婪匹配，即尽可能少的匹配，如*？重复任意次，但尽可能少重复。三个符号组合(.*?)表示匹配任意数量的重复，但是在能使整个匹配成功的前提下使用最少的重复。案例【正则表达式进行网页解析】【例如】a.*?b匹配最短的，以a开始，以b结束的字符串。如果把它应用于aabab的话，它会匹配aab和ab。案例【正则表达式进行网页解析】非贪婪匹配案例【正则表达式进行网页解析】279<ahref="/w/app?channel=top-nav"class="lnk">下载某某网站客户端</a><aref="/redirect?download=iOS">iPhone</a><ahref="/redirect?download=Ad">Android</a>

web.txt4urls=re.findall('https://.*?"',web)getUrls.pyhttps://.*?"表示以http://开始，以双引号(“)结束的字符串，而且要求匹配重复最少的。上例中首先匹配到/w/app?channel=top-nav"，所以不再匹配/w/app?channel=top-nav"class="，虽然class=后面也有双引号(“)，但是因为是非贪婪模式，所以选择第一次匹配成功的那个。即/w/app?channel=top-nav"。Python语言程序设计【正则表达式进行网页解析】案例【正则表达式进行网页解析】1234567importre

f=open('web.txt','r')

web=f.read()

urls=re.findall('https://.*?"',web)

f.close()

forurlinurls:

print(url)123456789101112<divclass="top-nav-websiteapp"><ahref="/w/app?channel=top-nav"class="lnk">下载某某网站客户端</a><divid="top-nav-appintro"class="more-items"><pclass="appintro-title">某某网站</p><pclass="slogan">我们的部落格</p><divclass="download"><aref="/redirect?download=iOS">iPhone</a><span>•</span><ahref="/redirect?download=Ad">Android</a></div></div></div>web.txt第1行，导入re模块，re模块使Python语言拥有全部的正则表达式功能。第2行，调用文件的open方法，打开web.txt。第3行，将web.txt中的文本内容读取出来，赋值给web变量。getUrls.py279<ahref="/w/app?channel=top-nav"class="lnk">下载某某网站客户端</a><aref="/redirect?download=iOS">iPhone</a><ahref="/redirect?download=Ad">Android</a>

web.txt4urls=re.findall('https://.*?"',web)第4行，re模块提供

Perl风格的正则表达式模式。利用findall函数获取字符串web中所有匹配的字符串。匹配格式为：https://.*?"。getUrls.pyhttps://开头表示以https://为前缀文本。点(.)匹配任意除换行符“\n”外的字符。星号(*)表示匹配前一个字符0次或无限次。星号(*)后跟问号(？)表示非贪婪匹配，即尽可能少的匹配，如*？重复任意次，但尽可能少重复。三个符号组合(.*?)表示匹配任意数量的重复，但是在能使整个匹配成功的前提下使用最少的重复。案例【正则表达式进行网页解析】【例如】a.*?b匹配最短的，以a开始，以b结束的字符串。如果把它应用于aabab的话，它会匹配aab和ab。案例【正则表达式进行网页解析】非贪婪匹配案例【正则表达式进行网页解析】279<ahref="/w/app?channel=top-nav"class="lnk">下载某某网站客户端</a><aref="/redirect?download=iOS">iPhone</a><ahref="/redirect?download=Ad">Android</a>

web.txt4urls=re.findall('https://.*?"',web)getUrls.pyhttps://.*?"表示以http://开始，以双引号(“)结束的字符串，而且要求匹配重复最少的。上例中首先匹配到/w/app?channel=top-nav"，所以不再匹配/w/app?channel=top-nav"class="，虽然class=后面也有双引号(“)，但是因为是非贪婪模式，所以选择第一次匹配成功的那个。即/w/app?channel=top-nav"。Python语言程序设计《案例：用函数的方法》PythonLanguageProgrammingTheCase:AFunctionalApproach案例【用函数的方法输出你的第一程序】第2行：用def关键字定义了一个名为Hello的函数，该函数没有任何参数。第3行：使用缩进的方法来规定函数体的范围123456#函数定义

defHello():

print("Helloworld!")

#函数调用

Hello()第6行：直接调用Hello()函数，就可以打印出“Helloworld!”未用函数使用函数Case[Outputyourfirstprogramasafunction]Line2:AfunctionnamedHelloisdefinedwiththedefkeyword,whichhasnoparameters.Line3:Useindentationtospecifythescopeofthefunctionbody123456#functiondefinition

defHello():

print("Helloworld!")

#functioncall

Hello()Line6:CalltheHello()functiondirectlytoprint"Helloworld!"unusedfunctionUsingthefunction问题1:函数的定义用哪个关键字？def问题2:如何规定函数体的范围？提问缩进Question1:Whichkeywordisusedforthedefinitionofafunction?defQuestion2:Howdoyouspecifythescopeofafunctionbody?AskaquestionIndent案例【用函数的方法定义正方形的面积】第1行：定义计算正方形面积的函数calcSquare，形参x为正方形边长。第2行：表达式x**2表示x的2次方。1234567defcalcSquare(x):

returnx**2

#调用calcSquare函数

a=float(input("输入正方形的边长："))

Area=calcSquare(a)

print("您输入的正方形边长为"+str(a)+"，正方形面积为：“+str(Area))第6行：直接调用calcSquare函数。先定义，后使用！！！[Definetheareaofasquareintermsofafunction]Line1:DefinethefunctioncalcSquaretocalculatethesquarearea,andtheformalparameterxisthesquaresidelength.Line2:Theexpressionx**2representsthepower2ofx.1234567defcalcSquare(x):

returnx**2

#CallcalcSquarefunction

A=float(input("Enterthesidelengthofthesquare:"))

Area=calcSquare(a)

Print("Thesidelengthofthesquareyouenteredis"+str(a)+",andthesquareareais:"+str(Area))Line6:CallthecalcSquarefunctiondirectly.Defineit,thenuseit!!!!Case问题1:Python中缩进（）个空格？A.1B.4 C.6D.2问题2:函数必须先定义再使用？提问Question1:Indent(

)spacesinPython?A.1B.4 C.6D.2Question2:Mustfunctionsbedefinedbeforetheycanbeused?Askaquestion案例【用函数的方法定义猜字游戏】1234567891011121314151617181920defGuessNumGame(m,n,times):

importrandom

secret=random.randint(m,n)

guess=0

tries=0

print("请你猜一猜从"+str(m)+"到"+str(n)+",会是什么数字？")

print("你只有"+str(times)+"次机会哦！")

whileguess!=secretandtries<times:

guess=eval(input("请输入你猜的数字："))

ifguess==secret:

print("猜对了，恭喜你！！！！")

break

elifguess<secret:

print("太小了！！！！！")

else:

print("太大了！！！！!")

tries+=1

iftries>=timesandguess!=secret:

print("次数用完，很遗憾你没猜中！！！！！")

print(secret)第1行：定义三个参数m,n,times，分别表示随机数的最小值，随机数的最大值，猜测次数。第6、7行：提示用户猜测的数据范围和可以猜测的次数。str()函数将数字转换成字符串型。Game.py[Definecharadesintermsoffunctions]1234567891011121314151617181920defGuessNumGame(m,n,times):

importrandom

secret=random.randint(m,n)

guess=0

tries=0

Print("Pleaseguessthenumberfrom"+str(m)+"to"+str(n)+"?)

Print("Youonlyhave"+str(times)+"secondchance!")

whileguess!=secretandtries<times:

Guess=eval(input("Pleaseenterthenumberyouguessed:"))

ifguess==secret:

Print("Guessright,congratulations!!!")

break

elifguess<secret:

Print("Toosmall!!!!")

else:

Print("Toobig!!!!")

tries+=1

iftries>=timesandguess!=secret:

Print("Weranoutoftimes,I'msorryyoumissed!!!!")

print(secret)Line1:Definethreeparameters,m,n,andtimes,whichrespectivelyrepresenttheminimumvalueofrandomnumber,themaximumvalueofrandomnumber,andthenumberofguesses.Lines6and7:prompttheusertoguessthedatarangeandthenumberoftimeshecanguess.Thestr()functionconvertsanumbertoastring.Game.pyCase案例【用函数的方法定义猜字游戏】123456fromGameimport*#引入Game.py中的所有函数

#调用GuessNumGame猜字函数

x=eval(input("随机数的最小值："))

y=eval(input("随机数的最大值："))

z=eval(input("猜测次数："))

GuessNumGame(x,y,z)testGame.py第1行：fromGameimport*表示从Game.py中引入所有函数，其中星*号代表所有函数。这里也可以写成：fromGameimportGuessNumGame第6行：直接调用GuessNumGame函数，并传递三个实参给它。完成一次游戏的全过程。[Definecharadesintermsoffunctions]123456FromGameimport*#IntroduceallfunctionsinGame.py

#CallGuessNumGameguessingfunction

X=eval(input("minimumvalueofrandomnumber:"))

Y=eval(input("maximumvalueofrandomnumber:"))

Z=eval(input("numberofguesses:"))

GuessNumGame(x,y,z)testGame.pyLine1:fromGameimport*indicatesthatallfunctionsareintroducedfromGame.py,andthestar*indicatesallfunctions.Itcanalsobewrittenas:fromGameimportGuessNumGameLine6:CalltheGuessNumGamefunctiondirectlyandpassthreeactualparameterstoit.Completethewholeprocessofagame.Case函数的作用？案例【用函数的方法定义猜字游戏】Whatisthefunction'sfunction?[Definecharadesintermsoffunctions]Case问题.关于函数的目的，以下说明不正确的是（）A.提高程序的执行效率B.减少程序文件所占用的内存C.提高程序的可读性D.提高程序的开发效率提问1.代码的复用2.可读性更好3.开发效率高Question.Withrespecttothepurposeofafunction,thefollowingstatementisincorrect()A.ImproveprogramexecutionefficiencyB.ReducethememoryoccupiedbyprogramfilesC.ImproveprogramreadabilityD.ImprovetheefficiencyofprogramdevelopmentAskaquestion1.codereuse2.Betterreadability3.HighlyefficientdevelopmentPython语言程序设计《案例：利用文本文件读写存储游戏过程日志》PythonLanguageProgrammingCase:Usingtextfilestoreadandwritestoredgameprocedurelogs.案例利用文本文件读写存储游戏过程日志12345678910111213141516#readfile函数

defreadfile(filename):

fp=open(filename,'r')#利用r（read）方式

flist=fp.readlines()#按换行符分割，将每行作为一个元素存入列表flist

fp.close()

returnflist

#writefile函数

defwritefile(filename,log):

fp=open(filename,'w')#利用w（write）方式

fp.writelines(log)#把log字符串写入文件filename中

fp.close()

#appendfile函数

defappendfile(filename,log):

fp=open(filename,'a')#利用a（append）方式

fp.writelines(log)#将log字符串添加到文件filename中

fp.close()FileTools.pyFileTools.py中定义了三个函数，分别是：readfile读文件、writefile写文件、appendfile向文件添加内容。这三个函数实际上是封装了Python的open、readlines和writelines函数。CaseReadingandwritingstoredgameprocedurelogsusingtextfiles12345678910111213141516#readfilefunction

defreadfile(filename):

fp=open(filename,'r')#Usether(read)method

flist=fp.readlines()#Splitbynewlinecharacter,andsaveeachlineasanelementinthelistflist

fp.close()

returnflist

#Writefilefunction

defwritefile(filename,log):

fp=open(filename,'w')#Usew(write)mode

fp.writelines(log)#Writethelogstringtothefilefilename

fp.close()

#Appendfilefunction

defappendfile(filename,log):

fp=open(filename,'a')#Usea(append)method

fp.writelines(log)#Addlogstringtofilefilename

fp.close()FileTools.pyFileTools.pydefinesthreefunctions:readfilereadfile,writefilewritefile,appendfileaddcontenttofile.ThesethreefunctionsactuallyencapsulatePython'sopen,