Unit2OnwardsandUpwardsUsinglanguageGrammar语法加练习课件高二英语选择性

外研选择性Book1Unit2

Onwardsandupwards

Grammar-ingandto-infinitiveasobject

语法讲解加练习

TeachingObjectivesTolearntheuseof-ingformasobjects.Tolearntheuseof-toinfinitivesasobjects.Toknowthedifferencesbetween-ingformsand-toinfinitivesasobjects.Toapplythemintheexercises.Readthesentences.aJ.D.SalingerstartedwritingshortstoriesinschoolbJ.D.Salingerstartedtowriteshortstoriesinhighschool.eThesearethewordsthateverywriter

dreadsreceiving.cNevertheless,thesistersdidn’tstop

trying.dNevertheless,thesistersdidn’tstoptotry.Activity11Dosentences(a)and(b)havethesamemeaning?

Yes,theydo.2Dosentences(c)and(d)havethesamemeaning?

No,theydon’t.3Can“receiving”insentence(e)bechangedinto“toreceive”?

No,itcan’t.Answerthequestions.

定义

动词-ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式，包括现在分词和动名词。动名词有名词和动词特点，其功能可以做主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语。本次主要讲动名词作宾语。

动词不定式也是动词的一种非谓语形式，有名词、动词和形容词特点，其功能可以做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾补等成分。次主要讲不定式作宾语。

-ing作宾语的几种特点一、只能跟动名词，不跟不定式的常见动词及短语动词：

要点详解承认______；避免_____/______；欣赏/感激______；考虑_____；错过；_______;享受_____；完成_____/_____；延期_____/_____/______；想象______；包括______；否认______；原谅______；抵抗______；建议____/_____/_____；介意_______；放弃___；冒险______;操练________;提及/提到________等；以及短语：putoff;giveup,insiston,feellike;梦想_______;认为think_____，___________(喜欢）等。admitavoidappreciateconsidermissenjoycompletefinishdelayputoffpostponeimagineincludedenyforgive/excuseresistsuggestadvicerecommendmindgiveupriskpractisementiondreamofthinkof,befondof1.1.Ioftenpractise_____(listen)and______(speak).2.Theboywasluckytoescape______(punish).3.Duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool,Ienjoyed_____(share)mydollsandjokes,whichallowed,etokeepmyhighsocialstatus.4.Becauseofthebadweather,theyhavetogiveup____(go)outforapicnictomorrow.二、跟不定式表示将来动作，动名词表示以前（时间的区别）常见三个词为memember,forgetandregret.

1.I

regret____(nottake)youradvicebefore.2.I

regret____(tell)youthatyourfatherisill.3.I

stillremember___(read)thisessayonsomemagazinebefore.4.Pleaseremember____(turn)thelightsoffwhenyouleavetheclassroom.对点训练1.listeningg,speaking2.beeingpunished3.sharing4.going

1.nottaking2.totell3.reading/havingread4.toturn三、介词宾语1.Hegreetedmeby____(smile)atme.2.Ialwaysdreamof_____(go)toakeyuniversity.3.1.Therearesomeotherapproachesto_____(solve)theproblemsbesidesthese.4.Hehasbeenoutofworkfor6months,sohehasdifficulty____(earn)hisliving.5.Let’sgetdownto_____(do)thehouseworkforMomisnotathome.

6.Mr.Reedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto_____(set)upaschoolfortheorphans.1.smiling2.going3.solving4.earning5.doing6.setting1.有些介词经常可以省略。常见省略的介词有如下：

spend/pass/kill/waste/...time(in)doing;haveagood/badtime(in)doing;prevent/stopsb./sth(from)doing...;havefun/enjoyoneself(in)doing;bebusy(in)doing;endup(in)doing;Thereisnopoint/sense(in)doingsth;Therebedifficulty/trouble(in)doing....

2.to为介词而非不定式符号的常见短语或句式：总结常见“V+介词to”的短语：

adapt(...)to;adjust(oneself)to;devote...to;getdownto;payattentionto;referto;lookforwardto;contributeto;limit...to;restrict...to;addict...to;attach...to;tie...to;fasten...to;stickto;leadto;belongto;addupto;amountto;datebackto...总结“名词+介词to”

key/answer/note/solution/access/atitude/approach/monument/memorial/bridge/visitor/devotion/contribution/alternative/end/thanks/access...总结“(be+)形容词+介词to”或“副词+介词to”或句式中的介词to：similiar/identical/subject/devoted/used/accustomed/limited/restricted/accessiveowingto/accordingto/upto/asto/closeto/nativeto/...prefer...to.../whenitcomesto...四、V+doing/done意义完全不一样的有：1.①Iwilltry____(finish)myhomeworkwiththenext2weeksofthesummerholiday.②Ifyouwanttobepatient,perhaps,youshouldtry____(fish)often.2.①Ididn’tmean____(hurt)you.Sorryagain.②Missingthebusmeans____(wait)foranotherhour.3.①Whentheteachercamein,allthestudentsstopped____(chat).②Whenweclimbedonthetopofthemountain,westopped____(have)arest.4.①Afterfinishingtheessay,wewenton_____(have)PElessonontheplayground.②Thoughitwasraininghard,allthefarmersstillwenton____(work)inthefiled.5.①Hearingthejoke,allthestudentscouldn’thelp____(laugh).②Iamtoobusythisevening,soIcannothelp____(review)yourlessons.6.ThistimeIdidn’tpasstheexam.I’mafraid____(go)homebecauseI’mafraidof____(punish)bymyparents.1.①tofinish②fishing2.①tohurt②waiting3.①chatting②tohave4.①tohave②working5.①laughing②(to)review6.togo;beingpunished温馨提示：

有些动词后面跟不定式和动名词意思完全不一样，如一下展示：trytodo尽力做某事goontodo接着做另一件事meantodo打算做trydoing尝试做某事goondoing继续做同一件事meandoing意味着做stoptodo停下来做某事can’thelptodo不能帮助做beafraidtodo不敢做stopdoing停止做某事can’thelpdoing忍不住做beafraidofdoing担心；害怕做五、need/want/require_____/_______________1.Ineed____(go)outforadrink.2.Theflowersinthegardenneed_____/______________(water).3.Thebabyrequires_____/______________(look)after.六、like/prefer/dislike等。Ilike____(reading)novelsbutIdon’tlike_____(read)novelsintheafternoon,forican’tconcentratemyattention.1.togo2.watering/tobewatered3.looking/tobelooked温馨提示:动词need/want/requre/deserve在表示“某人/某物需要或值得被做某事，用动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式。reading;toread温馨提示:动词like/prefer等后面跟不定式和动名词基本可以通用，但侧重点不太一样，如表示经常和泛指动作，则用动名词；如表示具体动作用不定式。

动词不定式作宾语一、只能跟不定式不能跟动名词的常见动词有：_____(同意），_____(提供）；_____/_____(意图/打算，计划），____(要求），______(答应，许诺），_____帮忙,_______准备,______决定,_____拒绝，_____选择，_____/_____/希望，盼望，______失败作某事，____假装，_____设法，成功做，_____下决心做，_____祈求，恳求做，_____安排，筹划，______威胁，_____声称，_____以……为目的，______犹豫做等。

agree,offer,intend/plan,demand,promise,help,prepare,decide,refuse,choose,wish/hope/expect,fail,pretend,manage,determine,beg,arrange,threaten,claim,aim,hesitate...巧学口诀：同意提出做计划。要求答应来帮忙。准备决定走拒绝。敢于选择有希望。不饿能做到莫假装。设法做车鞥决心强。恳求安排有威胁。生成目标不犹豫。对点训练1.Ican’tstand____(work)withhimforheisalwaysrefusing_____(stop)chattingwithotherswhileworking.2.Wemustmanage_____(realise)ourdreams.3.Hefailed____(paste)theposteronthewall.4.ButSarah,whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wants_____(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.二、“疑问词(which,where,when,who,how,what等）+不定式”结构作宾语1.Haveyoudecided_____tospendyourholiday?（地点）2.Idon’tknow_____todowiththeseoldfunitureintheflat.

1.working;tostop2.torealise3.topaste4.toprove1.where2.what常见此类动词有：teach,remember,forget,decide,wonder,show,learn,consider,hnow等。三、动词不定式作宾语也可以用it作形式宾语。1.Hefeelsithisduty_____(help)othersatanytimeanywhere.2.Ifind____difficulttofigureoutthemathproblem.1.tohelp2.it温馨提示：

词类动词常有：consider,make,feel,find,think,believe,suppose等，而且后面常常有名词或形容词作宾补。四、某些动词如begin,start,continue等后面跟不定式和动名词，意思基本一样。1.Theycontinued______________________(discuss)theplanafterhavingarest.todiscuss/discussingCompletethepassagewiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.Attheageoften,LiuWeilostbothhisarmsinanaccident.Despitethis,hewanted______(live)lifetothefull.Helearnt______(use)hisfeetforeverydayactivities,suchaseatingandbrushinghisteeth.Healsostarted________________(swim)andwontwogoldmedalsattheNationalGamesforPeoplewithDisabilities.Whenhehadtostop__________(swim)duetohealthproblems,hedecided__________(learn)howtoplaythepianowithhistoes.Itwasdifficult,buthekept__________(practise)untilhehadachievedhisgoal.In2010,hewoninChina’sGotTalentandbecamefamousnationwide.Today,LiuWeistillenjoys_______(play)music,andhispositiveattitudeisaninspirationtousall.tolivetouseswimming/toswimswimmingtolearnplayingActivity2practisingWriteareportbasedontheinterviewwiththewordsinthebox.admitdecideenjoyfailregretwantSure.IjoinedtheBoyScoutsbecauseIliketochallengemyself.Ialsoliketomeetnewfriends.Scoutcampwasfun,butnotwithoutitschallenges!Eachdaybeganwitha5-kilometercross-countryrun-at6am!AtfirstIcouldn'tfinishthewholeroute.Onthefourthday,IwassotiredthatIevendidn'twanttogetoutofbed.Ifelthomesickandalmostphonedmydadtotakemehome.ButIdidn'tgiveup.Thingssoongotbetter.IfeltIhadbecomestrongerandmoreconfidentandhadmadenewfriends.Eventhoughbeingascouthasitschallenges,Ifeelitisworthwhile.TheBoyScoutsofAmericaisanorganizationwhichhelpsyoungpeoplebuildcharacteranddeveloppersonalfitness.Todaywe'rewithScoutJamieWells.Hi,Jamie.Couldyoushareyourexperiencewithus?Activity3

巩固练习一、

单句语法填空1.Everybodystopped____(talk)assoonastheoldexpertbeganhisspeech.2.Ifyouthinkthattreatingakidwellmeansalways_____(give)himwhathewants,youaretotallywrong.3.Peopleappreciate____(work)withhimbecausehehasagoodsenseofhumor.4.Itisquitehottoday.Doyoufeellike_____(have)foraswim?

5.Hegotwellpreparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn’trisk___(lose)thegoodopportunity.6.Hedemanded____(speak)tothemanageraboutthesales.7.Hehaspromised______(behave)betterfromnowon.8.Weagreed_____(meet）herebutsofarshehasn’tturnedupyet.9.Theboyattempted______(move)theboatallbyhimslef,butinvain.10.Thetwogirlsaresoalikethatstrangersfind____difficulttotellonefromtheother.11.Ithinkthereisnopoint______(give)himsuchagoodchance.12.Aftertheearthquake,twothirdsofthebuildingshereneeded______(repair).13.Iremembered________(lock)thedoor,butmymothertelophonedmetoremember_______(lock)thedoornexttime.