Unit1TheMassMediaGrammarandusage课件高中英语译林版（2020）选择性

Unit1The

mass

mediaPastperfecttenseTounderstandtheusageofthepastperfecttenseToidentifytheverbformofthepastperfecttenseTousetherightformsofthepastperfecttensetocorrectthemistakesandcompletethearticleToapplythepastperfecttenseinnewcontextsReadtheshortlifestoryofJosephPulitzeronPage6,andfinishthetimeline.HemovedtoAmericaandbecameanAmericancitizen.HeofferedColumbiaUniversitymoneytostartaschoolofjournalism.TheColumbiaSchoolofJournalismwasestablished.JosephPulitzerwasborn.Hebecameapublisher.PulitzerboughttheNewYorkWorld.Pulitzerdied.ThefirstPulitzerPrizeswereawarded.10April,18471878188318921917PulitzerfoundedStLouisPost-Dispatch.The1860s187219111912AReadthelifestoryagainandfindthesentencesthatusethepastperfecttense.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.…bythenhehadlearntverylittleEnglish.…bytheageof25,hehadbecomeapublisher.HeusedthesamebusinessstrategyhehademployedattheStLouisPost-Dispatch…Weoftenusethepastperfecttensetotalkaboutsomethingthathappened(1)________(before/after)apasttime.Theverbformofthepastperfecttenseis“(2)

_________(have/had)done”.beforehad1.过去完成时可以表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已完成的动作。这个过去的时间常用by…,before…等介词短语或时间状语从句来表示，也可以从一个表示过去的动作或上下文中得到提示。如：

Hehadtriedhisbestalthoughhefailed.ShehadlearnedChinesebeforeshecametoChina.

Bytheendoflastmonth,wehadfinishedhalfoftheproject.2.过去完成时可以表示从过去的某一时刻开始，延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for,since构成的时间状语连用。如：

Shehadworkedfortwelvehoursby8:00p.m.Hesaidhehadworkedinthatfactorysince2005.3.hope,wish,plan,want,intend,attemp,expect,think,suppose等表示

“打算、计划、希望、试图、认为等”的动词，用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望、打算或意图等。如:

Ihadwantedtohelpyou,butIwastoobusythen.

Hehadthoughttosendforadoctor.4.过去完成时可以用于hardly…when或nosooner…than等结构，表示“一……就……”。如：Ihadhardlyenteredtheclassroomwhenthebellrang.Nosoonerhadshearrivedthanshedevotedherselftoherresearch.5.过去完成时常有by,when等引导的时间状语作为标志。如：Ihadfinishedreadingthenovelbytheendoflastweek.HehadlearntEnglishfortenyearswhenhegraduatedfromhighschool.6.如果before引导的时间状语从句，主句可用一般过去时代替过去完成时；如果after引导时间状语从句，从句可用一般过去时代替过去完成时。如：John(had)leftbeforeIcamehome.Hebegantowriteareviewafterhe(had)watchedthefilmtwice.BCirclethemistakesandcorrectthemintheblanksbelow.B11PulitzerknewthathehadlearntverylittleEnglish,sohehadstartedtoworkhardatthelanguage.________________________________________________________________________________________________________PulitzerknewthathehadlearntverylittleEnglish,sohestartedtoworkhardatthelanguage.2Pulitzer

wasveryhard-working.Quiteoften,whenhe

arrivedhomeatmidnight,hewasworkingforover10

hours.

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________3Forthetimehewas25,Pulitzerhadbecomeajournalistandpublisher.________________________________________________________________________________________________________Pulitzerwasveryhard-working.Quiteoften,whenhearrivedhomeatmidnight,hehadworkedforover10hours.Bythetimehewas25,Pulitzerhadbecomeasuccessfuljournalistandpublisher.4Manyofthebestreportershaveworkedforhispaperbefore

itsfailurein1931.

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________Manyofthebestreporters(had)workedforhispaperbeforeitsfailurein1931.winbuildintendawardallowBelowisapassageaboutthePulitzerPrizes.Completeitwiththecorrectformsoftheverbsintheboxbelow.B2ThePulitzerPrizesareasetof21awardshonoringexcellenceinjournalismandthearts.TheprizeswereestablishedlargelyduetotheeffortsofJosephPulitzer,who(1)__________hisreputationasanewspaperpublisher.Heleftmoneyinhis1904willtofundtheestablishmentoftheprizes,statingthathewantedfourawardsinjournalism,fourinlettersanddrama,oneforeducation,andfivetravelingscholarships.hadbuiltSincethefirstprizes(2)______________in1917,therehavebeenmanywinnersandmanypeoplehavewonmorethanonce.PastwinnersincludesuchfamousnamesasEugeneO’Neill.WhenO’NeillreceivedthePulitzerPrizeinDramain1957,itwasthefourthtimehe(3)______________one.wereawardedhadwonwinbuildintendawardallowTherehavebeenanumberofchangestothePulitzerPrizesovertime.Someoftheseresultedfromadvancesintechnology.Forexample,onlinecontentfromnewspaperwebsites(4)__________________inallofthejournalismcategoriessince2006.thePulitzerPrizeshavealsoexpandedtoincludesuchcategoriesasphotographyandmusic.Nevertheless,journalismisstillwhatthePulitzerPrizesarebestknownfor.Today,winningthePulitzerPrizesisconsideredbymanytobethehighestachievementpossibleinjournalismjustasPulitzer(5)_______________.hasbeenallowed(had)intendedwinbuildintendawardallowReadthepassageandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.HowmanyawardsdidPulitzerwantwhenheleftmoneyinhis1904will?

Pulitzerwanted9awards,including4injournalism,4inlettersanddramaand1foreducation.2.HowmanytimeshadO’NeillwonthePulitzerPrizeinDramabefore1957?Before1957,O’NeillhadwonthePulitzerPrizeinDramaforthreetimes.3.WhatnewcategorieshavebeenincludedinthePulitzerPrizes?

ThePulitzerPrizeshaveallowedonlinecontentfromnewspaperwebsitesinallofthejournalismcategoriesandhavealsoexpandedtoincludecategoriessuchasphotographyandmusic.ZouTaofenwasafamousChinesejournalistandpublisher.Readthetimelinebelowanddescribehislifestoryusingthepastperfecttense.B3ZouTaofenwasafamousChinesejournalistandpublisher.Hewasbornin1895,inFujian.Hegraduatedfromuniversityattheageof26,in1921.Thenextyear,hebecameaneditor.Bythetimehewas31,ZouTaofenhadbecomethechiefeditorofLifeWeekly.In1931,hestartedcampaigningagainsttheJapaneseinvasion.Bythetimehewas40,hehadstartedanewjournalcalledLifeoftheMasses.ZouhadestablishedhimselfasafamousjournalistandpublisherbeforehediedinShanghaiin1944.1.Hispaperpublishedarticlesaboutpoliticsandsocialissue,accusinggovernmentofficialofdishonestyandwealthypeopleofnotpayingtheirtaxes.

他的报纸刊登关于政治和社会问题的文章，谴责政府官员满口谎言和富人逃税。

accusevt.

tosaythatsb.hasdonesth.wrongorisguiltyofsth.控诉;谴责

e.g.Thegovernmentwasaccusedofincompetence.【归纳】

accusesb.

控告或指责某人accusesb.ofsth./doingsth.控告或指责某人(做)某事【语境应用】翻译下面句子。1)

虽然他说谎了，但我并不想因此而指责他。

Though/Althoughhetoldalie,Idon’t/didn’twanttoaccusehimofit.2)

那位司机由于酒后驾驶被控告了。

Thedriverwasaccusedofdrivingafterdrinking/drunkdriving.2.WhenO’NeilreceivedthePulitzerPrizeinDramain1957,itwasthefourthtimehehadwonit.

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