江西省景德镇市2024-2025学年高二上期中英语试题（含解析）

江西省景德镇市2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题一、阅读理解（本大题共5小题）AstheexcitementoftheSummerOlympicsattractsaudiencesworldwide,itpresentsagoldenopportunitytoinspireouryoungergenerationnotjustinsportsbutinthefieldsofScience,Technology,Engineering,andMathematics(STEM).Thesedisciplines,oftenperceivedascomplex,canbemadeaccessibleandenjoyablethroughthelensoftheOlympics.Here,weexploreaseriesofinnovativeSTEMchallengesdesignedforbothlowerelementaryandupperelementarystudents,aimedatsparkingtheircuriosityandfosteringaloveforlearning.SurfingSTEMChallengeTheSurfingSTEMChallengeinvitesstudentstoexplorethefascinatingworldofmagneticforces(磁力)bykeepingasurfersuspendedinmid-air.Usingamagneticstick,studentsguidethesurfer’strack,mirroringthefluidmovementsofsurfingwaves.BasketballSTEMchallengeTheBasketballSTEMchallengeattractsstudentsbytaskingthemwithinventingabasketballgametailoredforone-handedplay,makinguseofmaterialsathand.Theactivityhighlightstheimportanceofcreativity,engineeringcapability,andcooperativeeffort,allwithinthevibrantatmosphereoftheSummerOlympics.SkateboardingSTEMActivityTheSkateboardingSTEMActivitychallengesstudentstoconstructasmallskateboard,alongwithconstructingaskateparktoshowtheirfingerboardingskills.It’sanengagingwaytoconnectwiththedynamicworldofskateboardingintheSummerOlympics,encouragingteamwork,innovation,andhands-onlearning.GolfSTEMChallengeTheGolfSTEMChallengetasksstudentswiththeexcitingprojectofdesigningandbuildingaminigolfcourse,alongwithcreatingtheirowngolfclub.ThisinnovativeapproachtolearningnotonlybringsthespiritoftheSummerOlympicsintotheclassroombutalsofostersteamwork,problem-solving,andadeeperunderstandingofthescientificconceptsbehindthegameofgolf.ClickHeretofindoutmoreinformation.1．IntheSurfingSTEMChallenge,studentslearnabout________.A．magneticforces B．wavepatterns C．surfingskills D．fluiddynamics2．WhatdoSkateboardingSTEMActivityandGolfSTEMChallengehaveincommon?A．Theybothemphasizeteamworkandscientificconcepts.B．Theybothencouragestudentstobuildsomethingphysical.C．Theyarebotheagertoimprovestudents’emotionalskills.D．Theybothattempttoconnectstudentswiththenaturalworld.3．Whereisthispassagemostlikelytobefound?A．Onablog B．Inareport C．Onawebsite D．InamagazineWhenStanfordUniversitystudent.EllenXu,now18,wasafive-year-oldinSanDiego,California,sheclearlyremembersthatherparentsrushedherlittlesistertothehospital.Three-year-oldKatehadfallenseriouslyill;shehadafever,reddenedeyes,andsomeswellinginherhandsandtongue.Atfirst,thepuzzleddoctorsthoughtshehadflu,butwhenherconditiondidn’timprove,theXusreturnedtotheclinicroom,whereadoctorbychancehadasimilarearlierexperiencewithsuchsymptomsinthebloodknownasKawasakidisease.Thoughrare,it’stheleadingcauseoftheheartdiseaseinbabiesandyoungchildren,anditscausesremainunknown.Thedoctorknewhowtotreatit:HeorderedsomemedicineforKate,andfinallysheshookoff-theillnesswithoutsufferingdamagetoherheart.Xuremembersbeingcuriousabouthersister’sillnessconditionandwasamazedthatthegrown-upscouldn’tanswerherquestionsaboutwhyitwassohardtocheck.“Inmymind,itwasthispuzzleIwantedtosolve,”shesays.Tenyearslater,wantingtoenterahighschoolsciencefair,shehadanidea.Whatifwehadadoctorinourpocket?Soshecreatedjustthat:UsingAI,Xudesignedaprogramthatusesvisualfactstocheckthediseasebasedonfivephysicalsymptoms.Thetechnologyworksthesamewayasappsthatcanidentifybirdsandplantswithphotosyou’vetakenonyourcellphone.Worriedparentscanuploadaphotothattheyhavetakenoftheirchild,andthetechnologywillscanthepictureforsymptomsofthedisease,whichoftenhavestrongvisualfactors,suchasaswollentongue.Xu’sinventionhasbeenappliedasawebapponthewebsite.“Thetechnologycouldalsobedevelopedforrecognizingsomeotherdiseases,”shesays.“Itmeansalottome.IwanttouseAItohelppeoplelivehappierandhealthierlives.”XusaysthathersisterKale,nowinherthirdyearofhighschoolwithdreamsofbecominganenvironmentalengineer,isstrongandhealthy.4．WhenKatewasthreeyearsold,shehadthesymptomsEXCEPT________.A．afever B．acough C．reddenedeyes D．swellinginhands5．WhatinspiredEllentostarttheprogram?A．Towinamedal. B．Tosavehersister. C．Toscanuniqueplants. D．Tohelppeopleinneed.6．HowdoesEllen’sprogramwork?A．Byaskingdetailedquestionsaboutthesymptoms.B．Byanalyzingthetextdescriptionofthesymptoms.C．Byidentifyingthesymptomsinuploadedphotos.D．Bydirectlycommunicatingwithdoctorsfordiagnosis.7．WhichwordscanbestdescribeEllenaccordingtothetext?A．stubbornbutcareful B．warm-heartedandoutgoingC．hardworkingandcommitted D．innovativeandcaringTherewasatimewhenatriptothesupermarketintheUnitedStatesoftenendedwithaseeminglysimplequestionfromthecashier:“Paperorplastic?”Well,whichtypeofbagwouldyouchoose?Whilealltypesofbagshavesomeinfluenceontheenvironment,ithaslongbeensupposedthatpaperbagsarekinder.Theyaremadefromarenewablesource,breakdowneasily,burnwithoutgivingoffthicksmokeandcanberecycled.However,theproducingprocessbehindpaperbagsusesmoreenergythanthatofplasticones.Howcanthisbetrue?Studiesshowthatpaperbagproductionrequiresfourtimesasmuchenergyasplasticbagproduction.Andtheamountofwaterusedtomakepaperbagsistwentytimeshigher.Besides,theinfluenceonforestsisveryserious.Ittakesaboutfourteenmilliontreestoproducetenbillionpaperbags,whichhappenstobethenumberofbagsusedintheUnitedStatesyearly.Intermsofrecycling,theideathatpaperbagsaremoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanplasticonescanbequicklydiscarded.Researchshowsitrequiresabout98%lessenergytorecycleplasticthanitdoestorecyclepaper.Eventhoughpaperbagsmightbemoreharmfulthanplasticones,plasticstillseemstobeconsideredbygovernmentsasthemoreharmfulofthetwo.InIreland,forexample,ataxhasbeenintroducedtodiscouragetheuseofplasticbags.Peoplehavetopay22centsforeveryplasticbag,andasaresult,theirusehasdroppedquickly.There’snodoubtthatitmakesmoresensetoreusethesebags.However,wedon’tseemtobedoingthatatpresent.Clothbagsareabetterchoice,butstill,theirproductionalsohasabadinfluenceontheenvironment.Sowhattodo?Howshouldweanswerthequestionof“Paperorplastic?”Itseemsthatwefirstneedtoaskourselvesonemoregeneralquestion:“WhatcanIdotohelptheenvironment?”8．Thequestion“Paperorplastic?”isusedto________.A．introducethetopic B．attractcustomers’attentionC．entertaincustomers D．promotepaperbags9．Whatdowelearnfromparagraph3?A．Paperbagscausemorepollutionwhenburned. B．Paperbagswillmakeuslosealltheforests.C．Paperbagsarenogreenerthanplasticones. D．Paperbagsaren’tmadefromrenewableresources.10．InIreland,theuseofplasticbagshasdroppedquicklybecause________.A．freeplasticbagsarenolongeravailable B．thegovernmenthasbannedplasticbagsC．peoplerealizetheharmofplasticbags D．paperbagshavebecomemorepopular11．Whatmaybetheauthor’srecommendation?A．Alwayschoosepaperbags. B．Usethesamebagmanytimes.C．Usemoreclothbags. D．Stopusingbagscompletely.AnIsraelistudyhasindicatesplantsmakenoiseabitwhentheyarestressedfromalackofwaterorhavingtheirstems(茎)cut.Thesoundsareaboutthesamevolume(音量)asnormalhumanconversation.However,thepitch(音高)istoohighforpeopletohear.Theresearchersbelieveinsects,othermammalsandmaybeevenotherplantscanprobablyhearthesoundofthestressedplants.“Eveninaquietfield,thereareactuallysoundswedon’thear,andthosesoundscarryinformation,”saidLilachHadany,aprofessorfromTelAvivUniversity.“Someanimalscanhearthesesounds,sothereisapossibilitythatalotofinteractionisoccurring.”Theresearchersusedmicrophonestorecordhealthyandstressedtomatoplants,andtrainedamachinelearningalgorithm(算法)todistinguishbetweenunstressedplants,thirstyplantsandcutplants.Theyfoundthatstressedplantsgiveoutmoresoundsthanunstressedones.Thesoundsfromstressedplantswerelikepopsorclicks.Thestudy,publishedinthejournalCell,foundthirstyplantsbeganmakingnoisebeforetheyvisiblydehydrated,andthefrequencyofsoundsreachedthehighestafterfivedayswithnowater,beforedecreasingagainastheplantsdriedupcompletely.Hadanysaidhappyplantswerefoundtomakefarfewersounds.Whentomatoplantswerenotstressedatall,theywereveryquiet.Thestudyalsofoundsoundrecordingsofplantscouldbeusefulinagriculturetoensurecropsgetenoughwateranddistributewaterwhereitwasneededmost.However,it’sunclearwhyplantsproducethesesoundsandwhomightbelistening.ProfessorHadanysaid,“Wearecurrentlyinvestigatingtheresponsesofotherorganisms,bothanimalsandplants,tothesesounds,andwe’realsoexploringourabilitytoidentifyandinterpretthesoundsincompletelynaturalenvironments.”12．Inwhichofthefollowingsituationmightplantsmakesounds?A．whentheyareplayedmusic. B．whentheirstemsarebrokenC．whentheyareenjoyingsunlight D．whentheyareofferedshelter13．Whatistheclosestmeaningoftheunderlinedword“dehydrated”inparagraph4?A．driedout B．givenout C．putout D．laidout14．WhatisthemainfocusofProfessorHadany’spresentresearch?A．Makingplantsproduceloudersoundsandapplythemtopractice.B．Understandingwhyplantsmakesoundsandthepotentiallisteners.C．Updatingtheknowledgeofplantstohumansandpromotelearning.D．Developinganewmachinelearningalgorithmtorecordplantsounds.15．Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A．HowPlantsTalkwithEachOther B．PlantSounds:AnUnexploredfieldC．UncoveringtheSecretsofPlantNoises D．TheSoundsofPlantsinStressandBeyondThere’sanarttoarrangingpicturesonawall.16.Areyoutryingtobesurprisingwithyourpictureplacement?Areyoutryingtoarousecuriosityorattractpeople’sattentiontoaparticularartwork?Onceyou’veidentifiedthegoal,letthefollowinggeneralprinciplesguideyou.GettheheightrightConventionalwisdomsaysartshouldbehungateyelevel.But“eyelevel”meansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Soabasicruleistohangpiecessothattheircentersare56to60inchesabovethefloor.Andiftheartisgoingoverfurniture,aimtohangit8to10inchesfromthetopofthesofaorwhateverpieceisbeneathit.Whateverheightyouchoose,keepinmind:fromapsychologicalperspective,ifit’sascenefromnature,forexample,17.TakecarewhengroupingpiecesWhengroupingartpiecestocreateagallerywall,giveprioritytothethingthatismostspecial.18,ensuringthereisavisuallyequaldistancebetweenoneanother.Agoodruleistoaimfortwoinchesapartwithsmalleritems,andatmostsixinchesapartwithlargerworks.Inthiscase,itbringspeopleaharmoniousvisualeffect.19Whenarrangingartworkinagroup,lookforoneortwoelements(元素)thatrepeatbetweenthepieces,whetherit’sasimilarcolor,oraparticularstyleofframe(框架).Whentheyallsharethiscommoncharacteristic,thebrainsays,“Oh,thiswasmeanttobe,”—itbecomeseasiertoprocesswhatyou’relookingat.Createbalanceandsymmetry(对称)Researchshowsthathumansprefersymmetry.A2018studyfromtheUniversityofViennafoundthatbotharthistoryandpsychologystudentsattheuniversitylevelprefersymmetricalpatternswithartoverasymmetricalones;Inotherexperiments,researchersinRomefoundthatvisualsymmetryevenleadstopositivemoodchangesinviewers.MakeaproperarrangementBeforeyoucommittothearrangementyouhaveinmindbyhammering(捶打)holesintoawall,layoutwhatyouplanonthefloorinadvancetogetasenseofhowitwilllook.Considerthisarehearsal(彩排)foryourpersonalartshow.20.A．Locateaconsistentlink.B．Ensuretwoimportantrepeatedelements.C．Bemindfulofthespacebetweentheframes.D．it’smostrelaxingifitseemslikewecanstepintoit.E．Onceyou’vegotthecorrectlayout,hammerthenails.F．itshouldbehungashighaspossibletobemoredramatic.G．Thefirststepistothinkaboutwhatyou’retryingtoachieve.二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）WhenIwas8,myfamilymovedintoourbrand-newhome.Myparentshadadaptedittoourown21needsandinterests,includingbuilt-inbookshelvesto22theirhundredsofbooksandalarge,brightsunroomtoshelteralltheplantsmygarden-lovingfatherplannedtogrow.Unfortunately,afewmonthslater,aheartattack23hislife.Mymother,whoneverhad24filledoursunroomwithlow-lightplantslikeferns(蕨类植物),whichconsistentlydiedoff.Insteadofgivingup,she25overyearsandeventuallygotbetterthroughtrialanderror.Sheneverspecificallysaidshewantedtobecomeabettergardenerasawaytokeepmydad’smemoryalive,butIknewthesightofthe26couldcalltomindtheirhappytime.Itwasa27toherthatatleastpartoftheroomalwayshadplantsgrowinginit.Thenlastyear,Momexperiencedaseriesof28thatlandedherinhospital.AsIwasthoroughly29withtendingherwhileraisingkidsandworking,Ifelt30tothepointofbreakdown.31,Ialwaysgotrechargedwhen32herplants,especiallyherenormousferns—nowathomeinamoreappropriate33spot.Mommaynotbewithusmuchlonger,forherhealthhas34significantly.It’smy35todevelopagreenthumb—nursingherplantsisafuturesourceofcomfortthatwecouldbealwaystogether.21．A．urgent B．particular C．basic D．formal22．A．house B．contain C．keep D．hide23．A．wasted B．affected C．threatened D．claimed24．A．goldentouch B．silvertongue C．brownthumbs D．greenfingers25．A．examined B．explored C．experimented D．discovered26．A．books B．bookshelves C．plants D．home27．A．comfort B．promise C．reward D．habit28．A．rises B．climbs C．falls D．advances29．A．disappointed B．occupied C．bored D．associated30．A．energetic B．excited C．discouraged D．exhausted31．A．Logically B．Systematically C．Magically D．Consequently32．A．shoutingat B．cleaningaway C．cuttingdown D．caringfor33．A．warm B．shady C．sunny D．cold34．A．improved B．declined C．changed D．increased35．A．turn B．decision C．dream D．future三、语法填空（本大题共1小题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ChinesehitvideogameBlackMyth:Wukonghastakenthegamingworldbystorm,36(sell)morethan10millioncopiesacrossallplatformsinjustthreedaysafteritsrelease,developerGameScienceannouncedonFridaynight.ConsideredthefirstChinese-developed“Triple-A”title,BlackMyth:Wukong37(top)the“most-playedgames”listonSteam,aleadinggamingplatform,38(mere)anhourafteritsreleaseonTuesdaymorning.GameSciencerevealedthat39game’smaximumnumberofplayersplayingatthesametimeacrossallplatformsreached3million.BlackMyth:Wukongdraws40(inspire)fromtheclassicChinesenovelJourneytotheWest,41followstheadventuresofamonkandhisthreedisciples.Withaparticularfocus42SunWukong,thevideogamebringslifetothelegendaryMonkeyKing43(know)forhissupernaturalpowersandmischievous(淘气的)nature.44mostplayersarefromChina,thegame’spopularityisspreadingrapidlyworldwide.Itssuccesshasevenboostedthestock45(price)ofsomecompaniesandspurredtourisminShanxiprovince.四、书信写作（本大题共1小题）46．现在选择骑自行车上学的学生越来越多，交通安全问题特别重要。假如你是李华，对此问题，请你根据以下要点写一篇短文向校英文报投稿。要点如下：47．学生选择骑行上学的原因；2.自行车的优点；3.呼吁大家遵守交通规则。注意：1.词数80左右；2.开头已给出，不计入总词数；3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Recently,thenumberofstudentschoosingtogotoschoolbybikehasbeenincreasingallthetime.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、书面表达（本大题共1小题）48．阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。ThecostofasmileKathywasayoungwomaninher20’swhoworkedinasmallrestaurantasawaitress.Oneday,asshewentabouthershiftwithherusualangrylook,akindoldmanwalkedinandsatdownatthecounter.Hereadthemenuandpolitelytoldherwhathewanted.Kathytookhisorderandyelled,“Yourfoodwillbereadysoon.”Assheturnedtoleave,themansaid,“Asmilecostsnothing”.Kathyrolledhereyesathimandwalkedaway.Shebroughthisorder,clearedhisplates,andgavehimthebill,forwhichheleftanicetip.Eachtimetheoldmansawher,hesmiledandthankedher.Thisonlymadeherangrier.Aweekwentby,andeverydaythemancameforlunchandthesamethinghappened.AndeachtimeKathytookhisorderhewouldsay,“Asmilecostsnothing.”Butaweeklater,Kathypickedupamenu,wrotethewords“1SMILE…$20"atthebottom,andplaceditonthecounterforthekindoldmantosee.Hecame,andKathywaitedforhisreactionashereadthemenu.Theoldmanorderedhisusualandadded,“…andasmile,ifyoudon’tmind”.Kathywassosurprised.Shelaughedoutloud,“Now,now…”Themanjokinglyscolded.“Iorderedasmile,notalaugh”.SoKathyputonabrightsmileandsaid,“Comingrightup,sir.”Andtohersurprise,heleft$20tip!Afewyearswentby,andthetwobondedlikefamily.Charlie,thekindoldman,wasaretiredmanagerwhosewifepassedawaylongago.Hespentmostofhistimeathome,withtheexceptionofhisfrequentrestaurantvisits.EverydayKathyspentherbreaktalkingtohim.注意：49．续写词数应为150左右；50．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph1:Onedayhedidn’tcometotherestaurant._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Severaldaysafterthefuneral(葬礼),Kathyreceivedaveryimportant-lookingletterinthemail._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案【答案】1．A2．B3．C【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个结合夏季奥运会主题的STEM教育活动，旨在激发小学生对科学、技术、工程和数学的兴趣。【解析】1．细节理解题。根据文章SurfingSTEMChallenge部分“TheSurfingSTEMChallengeinvitesstudentstoexplorethefascinatingworldofmagneticforcesbykeepingasurfersuspendedinmid-air.(冲浪STEM挑战赛邀请学生通过让冲浪者悬浮在半空中来探索磁力的迷人世界)”可知，在冲浪STEM挑战赛中，学生们学习磁力的知识。故选A项。2．细节理解题。根据文章SkateboardingSTEMActivity部分“TheBasketballSTEMchallengeattractsstudentsbytaskingthemwithinventingabasketballgametailoredforone-handedplay,makinguseofmaterialsathand.(滑板STEM活动挑战学生构建一个小滑板，以及建设一个滑板公园来展示他们的指板技巧)”及GolfSTEMChallenge部分“TheGolfSTEMChallengetasksstudentswiththeexcitingprojectofdesigningandbuildingaminigolfcourse,alongwithcreatingtheirowngolfclub.(高尔夫STEM挑战任务学生完成一个激动人心的项目，即设计和建造一个迷你高尔夫球场，以及创建自己的高尔夫球杆)”可知，它们都鼓励学生建造实物。故选B项。3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“ClickHeretofindoutmoreinformation.(点击这里了解更多信息)”可知，文章来自网络。故选C项。【答案】4．B5．D6．C7．D【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了18岁的斯坦福大学学生EllenXu在回忆起5岁时妹妹Kate患川崎病的经历后，因对当时大人们无法回答自己关于这种疑难病症的疑问而感到好奇，于是在10年后利用AI设计了一个基于五种身体症状的视觉信息来检查疾病的程序。【解析】4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Three-year-oldKatehadfallenseriouslyill;shehadafever,reddenedeyes,andsomeswellinginherhandsandtongue.(三岁的凯特病得很严重；她发烧、眼睛发红，手和舌头有些肿胀。)”可知，Kate的症状有afever,reddenedeyes,andsomeswellinginherhandsandtongue，没有提到acough。故选B项。5．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Whatifwehadadoctorinourpocket?Soshecreatedjustthat:UsingAI,Xudesignedaprogramthatusesvisualfactstocheckthediseasebasedonfivephysicalsymptoms.(如果我们口袋里有个医生呢？因此，她创造了这个项目：使用AI，Xu设计了一个程序，该程序使用视觉事实根据五种身体症状来检查疾病。)”可知，Ellen看到妹妹生病时大人们无法解答她的疑问，后来想要有个“口袋医生”，她创造了利用AI识别疾病的程序，目的是帮助有需要的人，故选D项。6．细节理解题。根据第六段中“Worriedparentscanuploadaphotothattheyhavetakenoftheirchild,andthetechnologywillscanthepictureforsymptomsofthedisease,whichoftenhavestrongvisualfactors,suchasaswollentongue.(担心的父母可以上传他们为孩子拍摄的照片，该技术将扫描照片以查找疾病症状，这些症状通常具有强烈的视觉因素，例如舌头肿胀。)”可知，Ellen的程序通过识别上传照片中的症状来运作的，故选C项。7．推理判断题。根据第七段中“Xu’sinventionhasbeenappliedasawebapponthewebsite.‘Thetechnologycouldalsobedevelopedforrecognizingsomeotherdiseases,’shesays.‘Itmeansalottome.IwanttouseAItohelppeoplelivehappierandhealthierlives.’(Xu的发明已作为网站上的Web应用程序应用。“这项技术也可以开发用于识别其他一些疾病，”她说。“这对我来说意义重大。我想用AI帮助人们过上更快乐、更健康的生活。”)”可知，Ellen创造了利用AI识别疾病的程序，体现了她的创新；她想帮助人们过上更幸福、更健康的生活，说明她有爱心，故选D项。【答案】8．A9．C10．A11．B【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章以超市收银员常问的“要纸袋还是塑料袋？”这一问题引出话题，通过对比纸袋和塑料袋对环境的影响，指出纸袋并不比塑料袋更环保，同时提到爱尔兰通过征税减少塑料袋使用的例子，最后引发思考，即我们应该通过重复使用袋子等方式来保护环境，而不是简单地在纸袋和塑料袋之间做选择。【解析】8．推理判断题。根据第一段“TherewasatimewhenatriptothesupermarketintheUnitedStatesoftenendedwithaseeminglysimplequestionfromthecashier:‘Paperorplastic?’Well,whichtypeofbagwouldyouchoose?(曾几何时，去美国超市的旅程经常以收银员看似简单的问题结束：“纸还是塑料？”那么，你会选择哪种类型的包呢？)”可知这个问题在文章开头被提出，目的是引出关于纸袋和塑料袋对环境影响的话题。故选A项。9．推理判断题。根据第三段“Studiesshowthatpaperbagproductionrequiresfourtimesasmuchenergyasplasticbagproduction.Andtheamountofwaterusedtomakepaperbagsistwentytimeshigher.Besides,theinfluenceonforestsisveryserious.Ittakesaboutfourteenmilliontreestoproducetenbillionpaperbags,whichhappenstobethenumberofbagsusedintheUnitedStatesyearly.Intermsofrecycling,theideathatpaperbagsaremoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanplasticonescanbequicklydiscarded.Researchshowsitrequiresabout98%lessenergytorecycleplasticthanitdoestorecyclepaper.(研究表明，纸袋生产所需的能源是塑料袋生产的四倍。制作纸袋的水量要高出20倍。此外，对森林的影响非常严重。生产100亿个纸袋大约需要1400万棵树，这恰好是美国每年使用的袋子数量。在回收方面，纸袋比塑料袋更环保的想法可以很快被丢弃。研究表明，回收塑料所需的能源比回收纸张少98%左右。)”可知，通过对比纸袋和塑料袋的生产过程中所需的能源、用水量以及对森林的影响和回收所需的能量等方面，得出纸袋并不比塑料袋更环保的结论，故选C项。10．细节理解题。根据第四段中“InIreland,forexample,ataxhasbeenintroducedtodiscouragetheuseofplasticbags.Peoplehavetopay22centsforeveryplasticbag,andasaresult,theirusehasdroppedquickly.(例如，在爱尔兰，已经引入了一项税收来阻止使用塑料袋。人们必须为每个塑料袋支付22美分，因此，它们的使用量迅速下降。)”可知，在爱尔兰，人们对每个塑料袋要支付22美分，这相当于塑料袋不再免费提供，所以其使用量迅速下降。故选A项。11．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“There’snodoubtthatitmakesmoresensetoreusethesebags.(毫无疑问，重复使用这些袋子更有意义。)”可知，作者可能会建议多次使用同一个袋子来减少对环境的影响。故选B项。【答案】12．B13．A14．B15．D【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了以色列的一项研究，表明植物在缺水或茎被切断等压力情况下会发出声音，并探讨了这些声音的潜在听众和意义。【解析】12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“AnIsraelistudyhasindicatesplantsmakenoiseabitwhentheyarestressedfromalackofwaterorhavingtheirstemscut.(一项以色列研究表明，植物在缺水或茎被切断等压力情况下会发出一些声音)”可知，当植物的茎被折断时，它们可能会发出声音。故选B。13．词句猜测题。根据文章第四段划线词后“andthefrequencyofsoundsreachedthehighestafterfivedayswithnowater,beforedecreasingagainastheplantsdriedupcompletely.(而且五天不给水后，声音的频率达到最高，然后随着植物完全干燥而再次下降)”可推知，口渴的植物在明显脱水之前就开始发出噪音，故划线词与A项driedout“变干，干涸”意义相近。故选A项。14．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“However,it’sunclearwhyplantsproducethesesoundsandwhomightbelistening.(然而，目前尚不清楚植物为什么会发出这些声音以及谁会听到这些声音)”可知，Hadiany教授目前的研究重点是理解为什么植物会发出声音以及可能的听众。故选B。15．主旨大意题。结合全文及文章第一段“AnIsraelistudyhasindicatesplantsmakenoiseabitwhentheyarestressedfromalackofwaterorhavingtheirstemscut.(一项以色列研究表明，植物在缺水或茎被切断等压力情况下会发出一些声音)”可知，本文主要讨论了植物在压力下发出的声音及其潜在意义，故D项“压力下和摆脱压力的植物的声音”适合作为文章的标题。故选D项。【答案】16．G17．D18．C19．A20．E【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文就如何把画挂在墙上提出几点建议。【解析】16．根据上句“There’sanarttoarrangingpicturesonawall.(把画挂在墙上是一门艺术。)”以及后句“Areyoutryingtobesurprisingwithyourpictureplacement?Areyoutryingtoarousecuriosityorattractpeople’sattentiontoaparticularartwork?(你是想用你的照片来给人惊喜吗？你是想引起人们对某件艺术品的好奇心还是想吸引人们的注意力？)”为把画挂在墙上的效果的具体介绍。可知，设空处承上启下，说明画挂在墙上需要思考想要达到的效果，G项：Thefirststepistothinkaboutwhatyou’retryingtoachieve(第一步是想想你想要达到什么目标)合乎题意，故选G。17．根据上句“Whateverheightyouchoose,keepinmind:fromapsychologicalperspective,ifit’sascenefromnature,forexample,(从心理学的角度来看，无论你选择什么高度，都要记住：例如，如果是大自然的场景)”可知，设空处为如果是大自然的场景，从心理学的角度来看应该达到的效果，D项：it’smostrelaxingifitseemslikewecanstepintoit(如果我们可以进入大自然的场景，那是最放松的)合乎题意。故选D。18．根据后句“ensuringthereisavisuallyequaldistancebetweenoneanother.(确保彼此之间的视觉距离相等。)”可知，确保彼此之间的视觉距离相等，需要注意框架之间的空间。C项：Bemindfulofthespacebetweentheframes(注意框架之间的空间)合乎题意。故选C。19．设空处概括本段内容，为本段小标题，设空处与上下段的首句句式保持一致，即应是祈使句。根据本段“Whenarrangingartworkinagroup,lookforoneortwoelements(元素)thatrepeatbetweenthepieces,whetherit’sasimilarcolor,oraparticularstyleofframe(框架)(在一组作品中安排艺术品时，寻找一两个在作品之间重复的元素，无论是相似的颜色，还是特定风格的框架)”可知，这样做的目的是确保一致性链接，A项：Locateaconsistentlink(确定一致性链接)概括本段，合乎题意。故选A。20．根据上文“Beforeyoucommittothearrangementyouhaveinmindbyhammering(捶打)holesintoawall,layoutwhatyouplanonthefloorinadvancetogetasenseofhowitwilllook.(在你打算在墙上打洞之前，先把你的计划放在地板上，了解一下它会是什么样子。)”可知，设空处承接上句，说明确定好后，下一步的做法，E项：Onceyou’vegotthecorrectlayout,hammerthenails(一旦你有了正确的布局，锤钉子)合乎题意。故选E。【答案】21．B22．A23．D24．D25．C26．C27．A28．C29．B30．D31．C32．D33．B34．B35．A【分析】文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了从爸爸到妈妈再到作者在养植物的过程中得到安慰的故事。【解析】21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的父母根据我们自己的特殊需求和兴趣定制了它，包括内置书架，用来存放他们的数百本书，还有一个明亮的大日光室，用来遮挡我爱花园的父亲计划种植的所有植物。A.urgent紧急的；B.particular特殊的；C.basic基本的；D.formal正式的。根据下文“needsandinterests”可知，这里说的是根据我们的特殊需求来定制的。故选B项。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的父母根据我们自己的特殊需求和兴趣定制了它，包括内置书架，用来存放他们的数百本书，还有一个明亮的大日光室，用来遮挡我爱花园的父亲计划种植的所有植物。A.house收藏存放；B.contain包括；C.keep保持；D.hide躲藏。根据上文“built-inbookshelves”可知，书架用来存放他们的数百本书。故选A项。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，几个月后，心脏病发作夺去了他的生命。A.wasted浪费；B.affected影响；C.threatened威胁；D.claimed夺去生命。根据上文“aheartattack(心脏病发作)”可知，此处说的是夺去了他的生命。故选D项。24．考查名词短语辨析。句意：我的母亲不擅长园艺，她在我们的日光室里种了一些低光的植物，比如蕨类植物，这些植物一直在晒伤。A.goldentouch金色之触；B.silvertongue善于言辞；C.brownthumbs园艺技能差；D.greenfingers擅长园艺的人。根据下文“filledoursunroomwithlow-lightplantslikeferns(蕨类