2024学年高一英语定语从句I-关系代词的用法同步训练含解析

定语从句1．Mostmuseumsintheworldkeepthingsfromthepast_____peopleshouldknowabout.A．what B．as C．that D．when【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：世界上大多数博物馆保存着人们应当知道的关于过去的东西。分析句子成分可知，先行词为thepast，从句主语为people，谓语为shouldknowabout，可知此处缺少宾语，应运用关系代词that/which引导定语从句，that/which在句中充当宾语。故选C。2．Hereismyclassmate_____bicyclewaslostyesterday.A．his B．that C．whose D．which【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这是我的同学他的自行车昨天丢了。先行词为myclassmate，在后面的定语从句中作定语，所以关系代词为whose。故选C项。3．Thisfactory_____producedpaperwasclosedyesterdaybecauseithadcausedtoomuchpollution.A．which B．where C．it D．what【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这家造纸厂昨天关闭了，因为它造成了太多的污染。此处factory是先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句作主语，所以这里用which或that引导定语从句，故选A。4．Anything_____couldbefoundhasbeenusedtorepairthedamagedbridge.A．which B．that C．what D．不填【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：任何能找到的东西都被用来修理损坏的桥。句中先行词为anything，在定语从句中作主语，故只能用关系词that，故选B项。5．Iwasverysurprisedat_____hespokeatthemeeting.A．thewaywhich B．thewayonwhich C．theway D．inthewaythat【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我对他在会议上讲话的方式感到很惊讶。theway作先行词时，是比较特别的定语从句，一般不用分析定从成分，干脆用that/inwhich/省略，故选项中C.theway符合，它省略了关系词。故选C项。6．Thehomeworkisnotasheavyas________heusedtoget.All________heneedstodoistoimproveEnglish.A．what,that B．that,which C．which,that D．what,which【答案】A【解析】考查比较状语从句和定语从句。句意：家庭作业没有他以前的那么繁重了。他所要做的就是要提高英语。在as引导的比较状语中缺少get的宾语，故用what。其次空后heneedstodo是定语从句，当先行词是all时且指物时，关系词用that，不能用which。故选A。7．IoftenthinkofmyoldfriendHenry,mostof_____lettersIstillkeep.A．his B．who C．whom D．whose【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：我经常想起我的老挚友亨利，我至今仍保存着他的大部分信件。A.his他的；B.who谁；C.whom谁；D.whose谁的。依据名词letters可知此处要用形容词性，再依据mostof可知此处用whose，指的是老挚友亨利的信。故选D。8．Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,___,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.A．who B．which C．this D．what【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：Dorothy总是说她在戏剧中的作用特别重要，这一点让其他人很不快乐。关系代词Which指代前面一句话的内容，引导非限制性定语从句，在定语从句中做主语。CD项不是定语从句的关系词。A项指代的先行词只能是人。故B正确。9．Theoldfarmerhastwodaughters,arekindtohim,makeshimveryhappy.A．neitherofwhom;which B．neitherofthem;whoC．bothofthem;who D．bothofwhom;which【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句。句意：老农有两个女儿，她们都对他很好，这使他很兴奋。此处daughters是先行词，指人，在后面的定语从句中作介词of的宾语，且表示两者都，所以第一空填bothofwhom；整个句子作先行词，后面的非限制性定语从句用which引导。故选D。10．Thelecturers,mostof________werescientists,werewarmlywelcomedbythestudents.A．whom B．them C．which D．those【答案】A【解析】考查非限定性定语从句。句意：那些讲师们，大部分都是科学家，受到了学生们的热情欢迎。分析句子结构可知，most前没有连词，因此本句为非限定性定语从句，先行词为lecturers，指人，关系词在从句中做介词of的宾语，应当用whom引导这个非限定性定语从句，故A项正确。一、完形填空Mydaystartedjustlikealltheotherdays.Ileftforthetrainstationat7:35toarriveatworkby8:30.WhileonthetrainIwouldalwayschooseaseatawayfromthecrowdsoIcanreadthenewspaper1andquietly.Ididn’tknowwhybutforsomereasonwhenIgotonthetraintodayitwasunusually2.Isatdownintheonlyseatavailablebesideamiddle-agedmanthathadhisheaddownandseemedtobe3inhisthoughts.Iwasgladthathedidn’tnoticewhenIsatnexttohimbecausehejust4tolookdowntowardsthefloor.ShortlyafterthetrainleftIfoundmyself5whatcouldbesoimportantthathedidn’tevenseeme.Itriedtoforgetaboutit.However,forsomestrangereasonthisinner6keptforcingmetotalktothisman.Itriedtoignorethevoice7therewasnowayIwasstartingaconversationwithacompletestranger.FinallyI8andcameupwithanexcusetoaskhimaquestion.Whenhe9hishead,Icouldseethathehadsometearsrollingdownthesideofhisface10hisfeeble(微弱的)attempttowipethemaway.Wetalkedforabout20minutesandintheendheseemedtobedoing11.SeveralweekshadpassedwhenInoticedanunaddressed12onmydeskafterreturningfromlunch.Itonlyhadtheword13writtenonit.WhenIreadthenoteinsidetheenvelopeIwassofilledwithemotionsthatIcouldn’t14myself.ItwasaletterfromthemanImetonthetrainthankingmeagainfortalkingtohimand15hislifethatday.Apparentlyhehadsomeveryhurtfulpersonalproblemsthatwereso16hewasplanningtotakehislifethatday.Inhisletterheexplainedthathein17screamedouttoGodthatifGodreallycaredabouthimhewould18someonetopreventhimfromtakinghislife.InhiseyesIwasthatsomeone,thatAngelsentbyGod.Sothenexttimeyoufeelprompted(冲动)forno19reasontotalktoafriend,relative,neighbororevenacompletestrangerpleaseremembermystory.Youjustmaymakea20insomeone’slifewhenyoulistentoyourinnervoice.1．A．hopefully B．peacefully C．sincerely D．immediately2．A．full B．noisy C．clean D．empty3．A．disappointed B．employed C．sunk D．occupied4．A．decided B．hesitated C．began D．continued5．A．wondering B．realizing C．concluding D．discovering6．A．memory B．enthusiasm C．voice D．affection7．A．though B．if C．unless D．as8．A．brokeup B．brokedown C．brokein D．brokeout9．A．dragged B．shook C．raised D．bent10．A．for B．through C．over D．despite11．A．weaker B．worse C．stronger D．better12．A．package B．envelope C．present D．directory13．A．angel B．colleague C．companion D．client14．A．excite B．contain C．embarrass D．condemn15．A．taking B．changing C．improving D．saving16．A．uncontrolled B．convincing C．unconscious D．encouraging17．A．conclusion B．practice C．power D．despair18．A．carry B．send C．force D．hire19．A．violent B．obvious C．contradictory D．absurd20．A．decision B．schedule C．difference D．reservation【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述作者在火车上遇到生疏人，听从自己内心的声音同他谈话，结果挽救了这个人的生命从而悟出的人生感悟，当你听从自己内心的声音时，你有可能变更别人的生活。1．B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在火车上，我总是选择一个远离人群的座位，这样我就可以安静地读报纸。A.hopefully有希望地；B.peacefully安静地；C.sincerely真诚地；D.immediately马上。依据上文，我总是选择远离人群的座位，及so连接的因果关系，可知我就可以安静地读报纸，故选B。2．A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不知道为什么，但由于某种缘由，当我今日上了火车，它是不寻常的满。A.full满的；B.noisy吵闹的；C.clean干净的；D.empty空的。依据下文，Isatdownintheonlyseatavailable…，唯一的座位可知今日的火车是满员的，故选A。3．C【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：我坐在一个中年男子旁边唯一的座位上，他的头低了下来，好像陷入了深思。A.disappointed使悲观；B.employed雇佣；C.sunk沉没。下陷；D.occupied占据。依据上文他低着头，可知应当是陷入深思，而besunkin为固定短语，意为“陷入深思中”故选C。4．D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很兴奋他没有留意到我坐在他旁边，因为他只是接着低头看着地板。A.decided确定；B.hesitated迟疑；C.began起先；D.continued接着。依据上文他低着头，没有留意到我坐在他旁边，可知他接着低着头。故选D。5．A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：火车离开后不久，我发觉我想知道是什么事情如此重要，以至于他甚至没有看到我。A.wondering想知道；B.realizing意识到；C.concluding推断出；D.discovering发觉。依据下文有个内在的声音迫使我和这个人说话，可知这里是想知道。故选A。6．C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，出于某种惊奇的缘由，这个内在的声音始终迫使我和这个人说话。A.memory记忆；B.enthusiasm热忱；C.voice声音；D.affection宠爱。同下文小题7空前的voice相呼应。故选C。7．D【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我试图忽视这个声音，因为我不行能和一个完全生疏的人起先对话。A.though尽管；B.if假如；C.unless除非；D.as因为。依据前文我们知道作者宠爱宁静，可推断作者不情愿同生疏人说话，因此前后两句互为因果关系。故选D。8．B【解析】考查动词词组辨析。句意：最终我最终忍不住，找了个借口问了他一个问题。A.brokeup破坏；B.brokedown瓦解，忍不住；C.brokein闯入；D.brokeout突发。依据下文我找个借口和这个生疏人说话，可推断这里应当是忍不住。故选B。9．C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他抬起头时，我能看到他的泪水顺着脸的一侧流淌，尽管他微弱的试图擦拭它们。A.dragged拖；B.shook振动；C.raised抬；D.bent弯曲。依据下文我看到他脸上的泪水，可知这里他是抬起头。故选C。10．D【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：当他抬起头时，我能看到他的泪水顺着脸的一侧流淌，尽管他微弱的试图擦拭它们。A.for因为；B.through通过；C.over在…上方；D.despite尽管。依据上下文关系可知，介词短语在这里做让步状语。故选D。11．D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们谈了大约20分钟，最终他好像好多了。A.weaker更虚弱的；B.worse糟糕的；C.stronger更强壮的；D.better更好的。依据下文可知那天这个人本要结束生命，我和他的谈话挽救了他，所以应当是更好的。故选D。12．B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几个星期过去了，我吃完午饭回来，看到桌子上有一个没有写地址的信封。A.package包袱；B.envelope信封；C.present礼物；D.directory名录。同下文WhenIreadthenoteinsidetheenvelope中的envelope相呼应。故选B。13．A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：上面只写了天使这个词。A.angel天使；B.colleague同事；C.companion同伴；D.client托付人。依据下文InhiseyesIwasthatsomeone,thatAngelsentbyGod，可知这里是天使。故选A。14．B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我读到信封里的便条时，我激烈得限制不住自己。A.excite使激烈；B.contain限制；C.embarrass使困惑，尴尬；D.condemn指责。通过信件作者知道自己挽救了生疏人，所以限制不住自己的心情。故选B。15．D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我在火车上遇到的那个人写来的信，他再次感谢我那天和他谈话并救了他的命。A.taking拿；B.changing变更；C.improving提高；D.saving挽救。依据下文我们知道是作者挽救了他的生命。故选D。16．A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：明显，他有一些特别难过的个人问题，是如此失控，以至于他准备在那天结束他的生命。A.uncontrolled无法限制的；B.convincing令人信服的；C.unconscious无意识的；D.encouraging令人鼓舞的。依据后文结束生命可知是无法限制的问题。故选A。17．D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在信中说明说，他在无望中向上帝大喊，假如上帝真的在乎他，他会派人来阻挡他结束自己的生命。A.conclusion结论；B.practice实践；C.power动力；D.despair无望。依据下文结束自己的生命可知他当时是处在无望中。故选D。18．B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在信中说明说，他在无望中向上帝大喊，假如上帝真的在乎他，他会派人来阻挡他结束自己的生命。A.carry搬，运；B.send派遣；C.force强迫；D.hire雇佣。同下文InhiseyesIwasthatsomeone,thatAngelsentbyGod.中的sent相呼应。故选B。19．B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以下次你感觉冲动，没有明显的缘由，想要跟一个挚友,亲戚,邻居,甚至一个完全生疏的人谈话，请记住我的故事。A.violent暴力的；B.obvious明显的；C.contradictory相互冲突的；D.absurd不合理的。依据前文我同这个生疏人闲聊，可知我是没有任何明显的缘由的，就是单纯的想同他说话。故选B。20．C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你倾听自己内心的声音时，你可能会变更别人的生活。A.decision确定；B.schedule日程支配；C.difference差异；D.reservation预留。依据作者的故事，可知作者同生疏人的谈话挽救了这个人的生命，因此倾听自己内心的声音时，可能会变更别人的生活，让别人的生活有所不同。故选C。二、阅读理解AyoungJewishgirlbeginsadiaryjustasWorldWarIIisabouttobreakoutinEurope.Sherecordsthedetailsofherdailylife,butmorethanthat.Eventually,thediarycomestoaheartbreakingendwiththegirlshottodeathbytheNazis.However,it’snotthestoryofAnneFrank.Thisis

Renia’sDiary,ajournalthatwashiddenforyearsinasafebox.Nowit’scomingtolightwiththehelpofRenia’ssisterandniece.Foralongtime,Elizabethdidn’tevenknowthatheroldersisterReniahadkeptadiaryasateenagerinPoland.Thensuddenlyonedayinthe50s,Elizabethgotthediaryandstartedtoreadit.Shewastotallystunnedandcouldn’tgetveryfar.“Itwastoopainfultoreadit,”Elizabethrecalls.“Ijustputitinthebasementanddidn’tthinkaboutit.”Alexandra,Elizabeth’sdaughter,grewupknowingaboutthelockeddiary.AsAlexandragotolder,shewasmoreinterestedinit.“IfIcouldreadthisdiary,maybeI’llexploresomethingsfromthepast,”shethought.Shegotthediaryfromitshidingplace.Whenshereadit,Alexandrawasshocked.“It’sthedescriptionofawonderfulgirlwhoshowedgreatcourageinterribletimes.Myaunt’sworldcomestolifeasthediaryshiftsbetweenateenagegirl’sdailylifeandthewar.”ElizabethandherdaughterAlexandraareexcitedthatthediary

willbepublished.“Itisastorythatneedstobeheardnowmorethanever.Weshouldneverrepeatthesametypesofracism(种族主义)andhatethatleadtoviolence,”Alexandrasays.1．WhywasRenia’sDairyunknowntotheworldforsomanyyears?A．ThestoryisnotasfamousasAnneFrank’s.B．Itwaslostinthewarandnoonefoundit.C．Alexandrawasafraidtoreadit.D．Renia’ssisterkeptitasecret.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stunned”meaninParagraph2?A．Embarrassed. B．Bored. C．Excited. D．Shocked.3．WhywasAlexandrasointerestedinRenia’sDiary?A．Shewascuriousaboutheraunt’sexperience.B．Shewantedtocomforthermother.C．Sheplannedtopublishheraunt’sdairy.D．ShedecidedtoprovehowstrongReniawas.4．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．AgirlfightingagainsttheracismandhateB．Renia’sDiaryistocometolightC．DiscoveringthehistoryofaJewishfamilyD．AJewishfamilyinWorldWarII【