山东省青岛市2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题 含解析

2024—2025学年度第一学期期中考试高二英语2024.11（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上、2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Intheartmuseum.B.Inthecoffeeshop.C.Inthesubwaystation.2.Whenshouldthereportbesubmitted?A.OnThursday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnTuesday.3.Whatcolorcoatdoesthemanwant?A.Yellow.B.Black.C.Blue.4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Co-workers.C.Teacherandstudent.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Goingtoazoo.B.Choosingagift.C.Preparingforaparty.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhydidLilyfailtosleepwelllastnight?A.Shehadtoworklate.B.Shewasdisturbedbythenoise.C.Shewashavingaparty.7.WhatdoesthemansuggestLilydo?A.Talktoherneighbor.B.Callthebuildingmanager.C.Gotothebuildingmanager’soffice.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whattimewastheoriginalreservationsetfor?A.7:00p.m.B.8:00p.m:C.9:00p.m.9.WherewillMr.Brown’stablebe?A.Bythedoor.B.Bythewindow.C.Bythekitchen.10.WhatadditionalinformationdoesMr.Brownaskabout?A.Menuoptions.B.Theparkingarea.C.Specialdiscounts.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdidthemanthinkaboutlearningtheguitaratfirst?A.Challenging.B.Exciting.C.Boring.12Whattypeofmusicdoesthemanpractice?A.Rock.B.Jazz.C.Pop.13.WhichcompetitionleftadeepimpressiononSarah?A.Shooting.B.DivingC.TableTennis.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatwasthefirstproblemthemanfacedbeforehisspeech?A.Theaudiencewaslate.B.Thecomputerwasbroken.C.HisPowerPointflashdrivewaslost.15.Howdidthemanhandletheproblem?A.Hesharedashortstory.B.Heshowedavideo.C.Heofferedaquiz.16.Whathelpedtheman’sspeechbecomemoredynamicthanheplanned?A.Heusedhisnotestoexplaınkeyideas.B.Heusedvisualaidstoenhancehispresentation.CHeengagedtheaudiencewithquestionsandinteraction.17.Howdoesthewomanfeelafterhearingtheman’sstory?A.Moreanxious.B.Moreconfident.C.Moreconfused.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatdoesthatstudentwishtobecomeinhisessay?A.Ateacher.B.Afamousactor.C.Atelevisionset.19.Whatwasdescribedinthatstudent’sessay?A.Adesiretogainfamilyattention.B.AstoryaboutaTVsetcomingtolife.C.AdescriptionofhisfavoriteTVprograms.20.Howdidtheteacher’shusbandprobablyfeelintheend?A.Proudofthestudent’sessay.B.Amusedbythestudent’simagination.C.Shockedandconcernedabouthisparentingstyle.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（15个小题；每题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项、ADoyoulovetakingphotographsofplants,flowers,trees,andwildlife?Whenyou’reoutdoors,areyouoftentryingtocapturetheamazingbeautyofthenaturalworld?Ifso,nowisyourchancetouseyourcreativity,curiosity,andskillstoenterthefourthannualNaturePhotoContest.Howtoenter·Considerthejudgingcriteria.Submissionswillbejudgedonquality(clearwell-composedphotographsthataren’tmisty),originality(theuseofcreativityandimaginationthroughthecameralens),andhowwelltheyreflectthenaturetheme.·Chooseonephototoenter.Onlyonephotographperparticipantisallowedandprofessionalartistsarenotallowed.·Filloutanentryformandpaytheentryfee.Submit(提交)yourworkbyJuly31,2024.·Enterthecorrectagegroupcategory.Childrenaged8to10willbejudgedinonecategory.Childrenaged11to14willbejudgedinanothercategory.Winnerswillbeselectedfromeachcategory.Theentryformfor8to10isat/TWJUS-2024PhotoContest-8-10.Theentryformfor11to14isat/TWJUS-2024PhotoContest-11-14.ThejudgesTheNaturePhotoContestwillbejudgedbythreeaward-winningprofessionalphotographers:JesseBurke,AngelaLedyard,andAmiVitale.TheprizeThewinningentrieswillbefeaturedinafreeholidaytoCaliforniawithoneparent.1.Whoisthecontesttargetedat?A.Natureprotectors. B.Photographyfans.C.Travellinglovers. D.Professionalphotographers.2.Whichofthefollowingisarequirementofthecontest?A.Submissionsshouldbeshotwithphone.B.Everyparticipantshouldsubmitmorethanonephoto.C.TheentriesshouldbeuploadedbeforeAugust.D.Theentriesshouldbesenttothesamewebsite.3.Whatcanweknowaboutthecontest?A.Alltypesofworksarewelcome.B.Theparticipantscansignupforfree.C.Theentrieswillbejudgedbyanorganization.D.ThewinnerswillgetachancetotraveltoCalifornia.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了第四届自然摄影比赛的参赛规则、评判标准及奖项设置等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Doyoulovetakingphotographsofplants,flowers,trees,andwildlife?Whenyou’reoutdoors,areyouoftentryingtocapturetheamazingbeautyofthenaturalworld?Ifso,nowisyourchancetouseyourcreativity,curiosity,andskillstoenterthefourthannualNaturePhotoContest.(你喜欢拍摄植物、花朵、树木和野生动物的照片吗？当你在户外时，你是否经常试图捕捉自然世界的惊人之美？如果是这样的话，现在是你利用你的创造力、好奇心和技能参加第四届年度自然摄影大赛的机会)”可知，比赛面向的是喜欢拍摄自然景观的摄影爱好者。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Howtoenter部分“SubmityourworkbyJuly31,2024.(上交您的作品截止到2024年7月31日)”可知，参赛作品必须在8月前上传。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Theprize部分“ThewinningentrieswillbefeaturedinafreeholidaytoCaliforniawithoneparent.(获奖作品的作者将有机会与一位家长一起享受免费的加州假期)”可知，获胜者将有机会免费前往加州旅游。故选D。BNathanaelLessore’slatestbook,KingofNothing,isaboutgrowingup.ThestoryisbasedonhislifeasapersonfromPeckham,London,borntoFrenchandMadagascanparents.ToLessore,Peckhamisawarmandfriendlyplacewheremostofhisfamilylive,butithasn’talwayshadthisreputation(名声).In2001,duetofightingsintheareainvolvingyoungpeople,therewasa“pushtogetkidsoffthestreet”andintocommunitycenters.Similarly,inKingofNothing,themaincharacterAntonkeepsgettingintroubleandhismummakeshimjoinanactivityclubcalledtheHappyCampers.AtfirstAntonhatesitbutthenhemakesanunlikelyfriendandstartstoseethepowerofacommunityworkingtogether.Lessoreisoneofeightchildrenanddescribeshisfamilyasa“bigbustle”(placeofexcitingactivity).Asakid,heremembershismumtakinghimandhissiblings(兄弟姐妹)tothelocallibrarytokeepthembusy.“Littledidmymumknowshewasdoingusahugeservicebecauseshewasputtingusinthepresenceofbooks.”Lessorealsogetsinspiredbyslang(aninformalwayofspeakingusedbyagroupoflocalpeople)hehearsonLondon’sstreets.“Idon’ttravelonpublictransportwithheadphonessolcanoverhearconversations.”Ifhehearsaninterestingphraseorwordhesavesitupandputsitdownandconstructstheminhisbook.InKingofNothing,Antondiscoversthatwhatothersthinkofhimisnotasimportantashethought.Lessorerepeatsthiswhengivingadvicetoyoungreaders.“Popularitymeansnothing”.Hisadviceistoread,travelandbekind.Theworldissobig.Thereissomuchtosee.And,justlikeexploringnewplaces,pursuingwritingasacareer“isnotimpossible...it’sachievable”.4.WhywasAntonrequiredtojointheHappyCampers?A.Hisbadreputation. B.Hismisbehavior.C.Thecommunitycommand. D.Hispooreducation.5.WhathasadeepeffectonLessore’ssuccess?A.Hisgrowingsurroundings. B.Hisexposuretoabundantbooks.C.Theinterestinsocialactivities. D.Theinfluenceofhissiblings.6.WhatcanweknowaboutKingofNothing?A.Itcomesfromarealstory. B.Ittellsaboutamother’sstruggle.C.Itinspiresreaderstobewriters. D.Itstressesthefunctionofthecommunity.7.Whatdidtheauthorwanttoconvey?A.Reputationplaysanimportantrole. B.Enjoymentcomesfirst.C.Enrichandfulfillyourself. D.Traveltoexploretheunseen.【答案】4.B5.B6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作家NathanaelLessore如何从自己的成长经历中汲取灵感，创作出KingofNothing一书，强调了阅读、旅行和善良的价值观。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Similarly,in

KingofNothing,themaincharacterAntonkeepsgettingintroubleandhismummakeshimjoinanactivityclubcalledtheHappyCampers.(同样，在KingofNothing中，主角Anton不断惹麻烦，他的妈妈让他加入了一个名为HappyCampers的活动俱乐部)”可知，Anton加入HappyCampers是因为他的不良行为。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段““Littledidmymumknowshewasdoingusahugeservicebecauseshewasputtingusinthepresenceofbooks.”(“妈妈可能不知道她为我们做了件大事，因为她让我们接触到了书籍”)”可知，接触大量书籍对Lessore的成功产生了深远的影响。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Similarly,in

KingofNothing,themaincharacterAntonkeepsgettingintroubleandhismummakeshimjoinanactivityclubcalledtheHappyCampers.AtfirstAntonhatesitbutthenhemakesanunlikelyfriendandstartstoseethepowerofacommunityworkingtogether.(同样，在中，主角Anton不断惹麻烦，他的妈妈让他加入了一个名为HappyCampers的活动俱乐部。起初Anton非常讨厌这个俱乐部，但后来他结交了一位意想不到的朋友，并开始看到社区共同努力的力量)”可知，KingofNothing这部作品强调了社区的功能。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Hisadviceistoread,travelandbekind.Theworldissobig.Thereissomuchtosee.And,justlikeexploringnewplaces,pursuingwritingasacareer“isnotimpossible...it’sachievable”.(他的建议是阅读、旅行和行善。世界如此之大，有太多的东西等着我们去看。就像探索新的地方一样，追求写作事业“并非不可能……它是可以实现的”)”可知，作者想要传达的信息是丰富和充实自己。故选C。CAground-breakingstudyledbyDr.MarkWongofTheUniversityofWesternAustralia,hasprovidedthefirstglobalpictureofinsectactivitypatternsacrossthefundamentalday-nightcycle.Throughtheextensiveresearch,they’vefinallybeenabletoprovideadefinitiveanswertotheage-oldquestionofwhethertherearemoreinsectsoutatnightthanduringtheday.Theirglobalanalysisnotonlyshowsthatinsectactivityrisesbyathird(31.4%)duringthenightonaverage,butrevealskeyfactorsdrivingpatternsininsectactivityacrosstheEarth.Theactivitypatternsofinsectsacrosstheday-nightcyclewereasurprisinglydeficientareainecology,becausesuchpatternscannotbedetectedbycommonmethodsusedforsamplinginsects.Forexample,sweepnettingcancatchonlyactiveinsects,whilelighttrapsdonotworkaswellduringthedayastheydoduringthenight.Theresearchersovercamethischallengebyidentifyingstudiesthatsampledinsectsduringthedayandnightwithtrapsthatspecificallycaughtmovinginsects.Aftercombingthroughthousandsofstudiestheyidentified99studiesspanningfrom1959to2022,whichhadusedthesemethodstodocumentinsectactivitypatternacrossdiverselandscapes.Thetotalnumberofinsectsobservedexceeded3millionindividuals.Nocturnal(夜间活动的)activitywasmorecommoninriversandstreams.Inthishabitat,therecouldbetwiceasmanyinsectsactiveduringthenight.Incontrast,land-basedinsectsgenerallyhadhigherdayactivity,especiallyingrasslands,wherethenumberofinsectsoutcouldbethreetimesduringtheday.Thesecontrastingpatternsinecosystemmayreflectstrategiesforpredator(捕食者)avoidance.Fishtendtohuntinsectsduringtheday,whereasnocturnalanimalssuchasbatsmakelifeonlandatnight.Theanalysisalsohighlightedtheinfluenceofenvironmentalfactorssuchastemperatureoninsectactivityattheglobalscale.Theyfoundpeaklevelsofnocturnalactivityinthewarmerregionsoftheworld,asmoreinsectslikelysoughtshelterfromtheheatoftheday.8.Whatdoesthestudyfocuson?A.Thespeciesofinsects. B.Thelivinghabitsofinsects.C.Theinsects’day-nightcycle. D.Thedeclineininsectnumber.9.Howdidtheresearcherscometotheconclusion?A.Usingcreativewaystocatchactiveinsects. B.Analyzingsomedocumenteddatainhistory.CTravellingtodiverselandscapestoobtaindata. D.Comparingthedatatheygotduringdayandnight.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deficient”inparagraph3mean?A.Blank. B.Understudied. C.Well-explored. D.Debatable.11.Whichofthefollowingmayexplaintheinsectactivitypatterns?A.Physicalstructure. B.Habitatchanges.C.Human’shuntingpreference. D.Ecologicalinfluences.【答案】8.C9.B10.B11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述西澳大学的一项研究揭示了昆虫活动模式的全球昼夜周期图，发现夜间活动的昆虫比白天多三分之一。研究克服采样挑战，揭示不同生态系统中昆虫活动模式的差异和驱动地球昆虫活动模式的关键因素。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Aground-breakingstudyledbyDr.MarkWongofTheUniversityofWesternAustralia,hasprovidedthefirstglobalpictureofinsectactivitypatternsacrossthefundamentalday-nightcycle.(由西澳大学的MarkWong博士领导的一项开创性研究首次提供了昆虫在昼夜基本周期中的活动模式的全球图景)”可知，该研究的重点是昆虫的昼夜周期，故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Theresearchersovercamethischallengebyidentifyingstudiesthatsampledinsectsduringthedayandnightwithtrapsthatspecificallycaughtmovinginsects.Aftercombingthroughthousandsofstudiestheyidentified99studiesspanningfrom1959to2022,whichhadusedthesemethodstodocumentinsectactivitypatternacrossdiverselandscapes.(研究人员克服了这一挑战，确定了在白天和晚上用陷阱对昆虫进行采样的研究，这些陷阱专门捕捉移动的昆虫。在梳理了数千项研究后，他们确定了从1959年到2022年的99项研究，这些研究使用这些方法记录了不同景观中昆虫的活动模式)”可知，研究人员是通过分析历史上的一些研究中记录的数据而得出结论的，故选B。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后“becausesuchpatternscannotbedetectedbycommonmethodsusedforsamplinginsects.(因为这种模式无法通过常用的昆虫采样方法检测到)”可知，昆虫在昼夜周期中的活动模式无法通过常用的昆虫采样方法检测到，故该模式在生态学中是一个“研究不足的”领域，故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thesecontrastingpatternsinecosystemmayreflectstrategiesforpredator(捕食者)avoidance.(生态系统中这些不同的模式可能反映了避免捕食者的策略)”可知，昆虫在昼夜周期中的活动模式反映了避免捕食者的策略，故人类的狩猎偏好可能解释了昆虫的这种活动模式，故选C。DForalucky32percentorsoofhumans,happinessmayseemlikeamatterofgoodgenes.That'sbecausetheirDNAencodes(解码)forcertainpersonalityquality,likeoutgoingandlowanxiety,whicharecloselylinkedtoincreasedlevelsoflifesatisfaction.Instudiesoftwins,thosegeneticdifferenceshelpexplainwhyonetwinwashappierwiththeirlifethantheother.Butahappylifeisn'tentirelydeterminedbygenetics.Forthemostpart,yourhappinessisimpactedbyenvironmentalandbehavioralfactors,aspectsofyourlivesoverwhichwecanexercisesomecontrol.Andtherearemoredirectwaystoboostourhappinesslevel,too.Oftenreferredtoas“positivepsychology,”agrowingbodyofevidencesuggeststhereareinterventionsthatcanteachpeoplehappinessskills,likehowtobemorecompassionatewiththemselves,orhowtoenjoypositiveexperiences.Someemphasizereflectingonyourpersonalstrengthsandvalues.Othersinvolvethoughtsorconnectingwithothers.Admittedly,nonewillleadtoexcitement—buttheycanmakeameaningfuldifferenceinyourlife.AresearcherLyubomirskycompareslearninghappinesstocreatingexercisehabits;aroutinethathastobepracticedfrequently.Onestrategysherecommendsiswritingthank-youletterstopeopleinyourlife.Butthere'snomagicsetofpractices,though.That'swhyLyubomirskysaysit'simportanttofindtechniquesthatworkforyou.Ifathank-youlettergetsboringorisn'tyourthing,trycallingafriendorthinking.Butneithergenesnorclinicallytestedexercisescanprotectpeoplefromtherealitythatlifeishard.Duringthepandemic,Santosfoundherselfoverworked,exhaustedandnearlyclosetoburnout.Shewasfortunateenoughtotakeaholidayandpracticethestrategies.TheexperiencehasbeenanimportantreminderforSantosthateventhemostscientificallysupportedexercisescan'thelpifyoudon'tdothem.“ThestrategiesIteachwork,”shesays.“Butyouhavetomakesureyou'refollowingthemandputtingthemintopractice,whichtakesregularworkandeffort.”12.Whichfactorsmainlyinfluencepeople'shappinessmost?A.Theinbornpersonalityaspects. B.Theeducationthatpeoplereceive.C.Thelivingenvironmentandhabits. D.Theinterpersonalrelationship.13.Howcanwelearntobehappy?A.Exploreourshiningpoints. B.Comparewithotherpeople.C.Appreciateallourlifeexperiences. D.Thinkforothersinsteadofourselves.14.WhatdoesSantossuggestpeopledo?A.Writethank-younotestotheirparents. B.Takeabreaktorelievetheirburden.C.Findamethodsuitabletothemandsticktoit. D.Readmorebookstogetthepracticaltechniques.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Trainyourselftobepositive. B.Saynotonegativeinfluences.C.Theimportanceofpsychology. D.Thesecretofpersonalityquality.【答案】12.C13.C14.C15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了影响人类幸福的因素，包括基因因素以及更具影响力的环境和行为因素，还介绍了通过积极心理学提升幸福水平的相关方法以及要坚持实践这些方法的重要性。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Butahappylifeisn'tentirelydeterminedbygenetics.Forthemostpart,yourhappinessisimpactedbyenvironmentalandbehavioralfactors,aspectsofyourlivesoverwhichwecanexercisesomecontrol(但幸福的生活并不完全由基因决定。在很大程度上，你的幸福会受到环境和行为因素的影响，这些是我们可以控制的生活方面)”可知，主要影响人们幸福的是生活环境和习惯等方面，并非单纯的基因等其他因素，故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Someemphasizereflectingonyourpersonalstrengthsandvalues(一些方法强调反思个人的优势和价值观)”以及“Othersinvolvethoughtsorconnectingwithothers(其他方法涉及思考或与他人建立联系)”综合来看，就是要从自身以及与他人相处等多方面去感受生活，也就是要欣赏生活中的各种经历，故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Shewasfortunateenoughtotakeaholidayandpracticethestrategies.TheexperiencehasbeenanimportantreminderforSantosthateventhemostscientificallysupportedexercisescan'thelpifyoudon'tdothem.（她很幸运地休了个假并实践了这些策略。这段经历对桑托斯来说是一个重要提醒，如果你不实践，即使是最有科学依据的练习也无济于事。）”以及最后一段“Butyouhavetomakesureyou'refollowingthemandputtingthemintopractice,whichtakesregularworkandeffort.(但你必须确保你在遵循它们并将它们付诸实践，这需要定期的努力)”可知桑托斯认为如果你不实践，即使是最有科学依据的练习也无济于事，必须确保在遵循它们并将它们付诸实践，可以推断出，桑托斯是在建议人们找到适合自己的方法并且坚持去实践它，故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Butahappylifeisn'tentirelydeterminedbygenetics.Forthemostpart,yourhappinessisimpactedbyenvironmentalandbehavioralfactors,aspectsofyourlivesoverwhichwecanexercisesomecontrol.Andtherearemoredirectwaystoboostourhappinesslevel,too(但是，幸福的生活并不完全由遗传决定。在很大程度上，你的幸福受到环境和行为因素的影响，这些是我们生活中可以控制的一些方面。而且，还有更直接的方式来提高我们的幸福感)”、倒数第二段“Butneithergenesnorclinicallytestedexercisescanprotectpeoplefromtherealitythatlifeishard.Duringthepandemic,Santosfoundherselfoverworked,exhaustedandnearlyclosetoburnout.Shewasfortunateenoughtotakeaholidayandpracticethestrategies.TheexperiencehasbeenanimportantreminderforSantosthateventhemostscientificallysupportedexercisescan'thelpifyoudon'tdothem(但是，无论是基因还是经过临床测试的练习都无法保护人们免受现实生活的艰难。在大流行期间，Santos发现自己过度工作、疲惫不堪，几乎接近崩溃。她有幸休假并实践这些策略。这次经历让Santos深刻意识到，即使是最受科学支持的练习，如果你不去做，也无法帮助你)”以及最后一段““ThestrategiesIteachwork,”shesays.“Butyouhavetomakesureyou'refollowingthemandputtingthemintopractice,whichtakesregularworkandeffort.”(“我教的策略是有效的，”她说。“但你必须确保你在跟随并将它们付诸实践，这需要定期的工作和努力。”)”可知，文章先是阐述了影响幸福的因素，接着重点讲述了通过一些类似积极心理学提到的方法来提升幸福水平，并且强调要通过实践这些方法让自己变得积极向上，从而收获幸福，A选项“训练自己变得积极”能够很好地概括文章主旨，故选A项。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。RandomActsofKindnessforFriendsBekindtofriends.Afterall,friendsarethefamilywechooseforourselves.Theverybestfriendsbetterourliveswiththeirincredibleloveandsupport.Youcandomanythingstobekindtofriends.___16___Therearemanyexamplesofrandomactsofkindnessideasforfriends.Putasmileonyourfriend’sfacebecausedoingsofeelsgoodandbrightensbothofyourdays.___17___Oreventakethetimetohelpasinglefriendfallinlovewithsomeonewonderful.Thesesmallgesturescanhaveaprofoundimpactonsomeone’slife.Imaginewakinguponaparticularlygloomymorning,feelingdownandout,andthenreceivingatextfromafriendthatsimplysays,“Hey,Iwasthinkingaboutyouandwantedtoletyouknowyou’reawesome.”___18___Randomactsofkindnessdon’thavetobegrandorexpensive.___19___Orperhapsit’sjusttakingthetimetolistenwhenafriendneedstotalk,offeringashouldertoleanonwithoutjudgmentoradviceunlessit’saskedfor.___20___Whenyoudosomethingkindforafriend,itnotonlymakesthemfeelgoodbutalsoinspiresthemtopayitforward.Thiscreatesarippleeffectofpositivitythatcanspreadthroughyoursocialcircleandbeyond.It’sabeautifulreminderthateventhesmallestactsofgenerositycanhaveasignificantimpact.So,thenexttimeyouthinkaboutreachingouttoafriend,considerdoingsowithanactofkindness.A.Sofillyourfriendshipswithcareandhelptoday.B.Moreover,randomactsofkindnesscanbeinfectious.C.Oneofthemistodorandomactsofkindnessforfriends.D.Theycanbeassimpleashelpingafriendorganizetheirgarage.E.Handafriendagreatbookyouknowyourfriendwouldlovetoread.F.Thissimpleactofkindnesscaninstantlyliftyourspiritsandbrightenyourday.G.Whenitcomestokindness,wearelimitedonlybytheextentofourimaginations.【答案】16.C17.E18.F19.D20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了通过随机善行增进友谊的方法及其对个人和社会的积极影响。【16题详解】根据上文“Youcandomanythingstobekindtofriends.(你可以做很多事情来善待朋友。)”可知，上文描述了可以做很多事情来善待朋友。本空需要介绍具体的行动。根据下文“Therearemanyexamplesofrandomactsofkindnessideasforfriends.(有很多随机的对朋友的善举的例子。)”可知，本空应介绍的具体的行动是为朋友做随机的善举，选项C“Oneofthemistodorandomactsofkindnessforfriends(其中之一是为朋友做随机的善举。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。【17题详解】根据上文“Putasmileonyourfriend’sfacebecausedoingsofeelsgoodandbrightensbothofyourdays.(在你朋友的脸上挂一个微笑，因为这样做会让你感觉很好，也会让你们的日子变得美好。)”可知，上文提到了让朋友开心的好处，本空应该是一个具体的让朋友高兴的例子。选项E“Handafriendagreatbookyouknowyourfriendwouldlovetoread(给朋友一本你知道你的朋友会喜欢读的好书。)”是一个能让朋友高兴的具体行为，能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。【18题详解】根据上文“Imaginewakinguponaparticularlygloomymorning,feelingdownandout,andthenreceivingatextfromafriendthatsimplysays,“Hey,Iwasthinkingaboutyouandwantedtoletyouknowyou’reawesome.”(这些小小的举动可以对一个人的生活产生深远的影响。想象一下，在一个特别阴沉的早晨醒来，感觉很沮丧，然后收到朋友的短信，只是说：“嘿，我一直在想你，想让你知道你很棒。”)”可知，下文接下来是对这一行为振奋精神效果的描述。选项F“Thissimpleactofkindnesscaninstantlyliftyourspiritsandbrightenyourday(这个简单的善举可以立即振奋你的精神，照亮你的一天。)”直接描述了收到这样一条消息的感受，能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。【19题详解】根据上文“Randomactsofkindnessdon’thavetobegrandorexpensive.(随机的善举不必是宏伟的或昂贵的。)”可知，上文强调善举不需要奢华或昂贵，紧接着应该给出一些简单的例子。选项D“Theycanbeassimpleashelpingafriendorganizetheirgarage(它们可以像帮助朋友整理车库一样简单。)”这个例子正好符合前一句的意思，能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。20题详解】根据下文“Whenyoudosomethingkindforafriend,itnotonlymakesthemfeelgoodbutalsoinspiresthemtopayitforward.Thiscreatesarippleeffectofpositivitythatcanspreadthroughyoursocialcircleandbeyond.It’sabeautifulreminderthateventhesmallestactsofgenerositycanhaveasignificantimpact.(当你为朋友做了一件好事，这不仅让他们感觉很好，而且还激励他们把它传递出去。这会产生一种积极的连锁反应，可以在你的社交圈内外传播。这是一个美丽的提醒，即使是最小的慷慨行为也能产生重大的影响。)”谈论善举的感染力，本空需要一个总结性的句子，强调这些善举的感染力，选项B“Moreover,randomactsofkindnesscanbeinfectious(此外，随机的善举也可能具有传染性。)”指出了善行可以传播，能引起下文，符合题意。故选B。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnSeptember25th,an84-year-oldcitizensuddenly___21___,hurthisleg,andcouldn'tmove.HisdognamedGitathenrandowntothemainroadwhereshe___22___traffictofindsomeoneforhelp.ThatsomeonewasDeputyWright,whowaspatrolling（巡逻）thatparticularareaofStevensCounty.Seeingneitherhousenor___23___,WrightgotofftotryandgetGitaintohispatrolcar,butthedogwouldn't___24___.Visitingnearbyresidences,Wrightcouldn't___25___whosedogshewas.“Sensingsomething___26___,Wrightwentbacktothedoglyingonthecenterline,”astatementfromtheSheriff'sofficeread.Wrighttriedtomovethedogagain,butthistimeshe___27___upanunmarkedandpoorlytraveledsideroad.“Wright___28___thedog,anditledhimtoasmallsummerhouse.Hebegan___29___aroundtheareaandobservedanelderlymalelyingonthegroundcallingforhelpnearthehouse.The84-year-oldmale,whoalsohadother____30____conditionsneedingregularmedicine,hadfallenandinjuredhisleg.Hehadlainthereforhoursandmayhavehadserious____31____,ifhehadnotbeenfound.”“We____32____Gitaforsavinghislifethatday.Theloyaltyand____33____ofourfurryfriendsnever____34____toamazeus,”theofficewrote.Second-cousinoftheinjuredman,PatLolavera,praisedDeputy.Wrightforfollowinghisinstincts（本能）,andGitaforherincredibleintelligenceand____35____.21.A.left B.jumped C.fell D.stood22.A.directed B.blocked C.relieved D.controlled23.A.neighbour B.policeman C.trainer D.owner24.A.move B.listen C.bark D.agree25.A.explain B.identify C.acknowledge D.question26.A.difficult B.inspiring C.wrong D.funny27.A.satback B.slippedout C.draggedbehind D.tookoff28.A.followed B.caught C.drove D.touched29.A.shouting B.checking C.marking D.wandering30.A.natural B.medical C.living D.financial31.A.attitudes B.threats C.consequences D.warnings32.A.credit B.believe C.forgive D.protect33.A.curiosity B.heroism C.worry D.optimism34.A.attempt B.manage C.begin D.fail35.A.practice B.presence C.devotion D.trick【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.B26.C27.D28.A29.B30.B31.C32.A33.B34.D35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了84岁的老人在家中意外摔倒无法动弹，他的狗狗吉塔跑上主路拦下交通求救，引来警察赖特。在找到狗狗引领的小屋后，他们发现老人已经躺在那里呼唤救援几个小时了。赖特说，感谢吉塔和他一起救了老人的命。21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：9月25日，一位84岁的老人突然跌倒，伤了腿，无法移动。A.left离开；B.jumped跳；C.fell摔倒；D.stood站立。根据下文“hurthisleg,andcouldn'tmove”提到老人伤了腿，无法移动，由此可知，此处应表示一位84岁的老人突然跌倒，伤了腿，无法移动。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的狗名叫吉塔，然后跑到主干道上，在那里她阻碍了交通，找人帮忙。A.directed指导；B.blocked挡住，封锁；C.relieved缓解；D.controlled控制。根据上文“Gitathenrandowntothemainroad”以及下文“tofindsomeoneforhelp”由此可知，此处应表示吉塔跑到主干道上，挡住了交通，寻求他人的帮助。故选B项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：既没有看到房子，也没有看到主人，赖特下车试图把吉塔拉上他的巡逻车，但这只狗就是不动。A.neighbour邻居；B.policeman警察；C.trainer教练员；D.owner主人。根据常识以及上文“Seeingneitherhouse”由此可知，此处应表示赖特没有看到房子，也没有看到主人，决定下车试图把吉塔拉上他的巡逻车。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：既没有看到房子，也没有看到邻居，赖特下车试图把吉塔拉上他的巡逻车，但这只狗就是不动。A.move移动；B.listen听；C.bark吠叫；D.agree同意。根据下文“Wrighttriedtomovethedogagain”由此可知，此处应表示赖特下车试图把吉塔拉上他的巡逻车，但这只狗就是不动。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：拜访了附近的居民，赖特无法确定她是谁的狗。A.explain解释；B.identify确认；C.acknowledge承认；D.question向……提出问题。根据下文“Wrightwentbacktothedoglyingonthecenterline”提到赖特回到狗身边，由此可知，此处应表示赖特无法确定她是谁的狗。故选B项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：警长办公室的一份声明中写道：“赖特感觉不对劲，他回到了躺在中心线上的狗身边。”A.difficult困难的；B.inspiring鼓舞人心的；C.wrong错误的，不对劲的；D.funny有趣的。根据下文“Wrightwentbacktothedoglyingonthecenterline”提到赖特回到狗身边，由此可知，此处应表示赖特感觉不对劲，他回到了躺在中心线上的狗身边。故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：赖特试图再次移动狗，但这一次她跑开了，跑上了一条没有标志、人迹罕至的小路。A.satback坐回去；B.slippedout溜出去；C.draggedbehind拖在后面；D.tookoff离开。根据下文“upanunmarkedandpoorlytraveledsideroad”由此可知，此处应表示这一次狗离开，跑上了一条没有标志、人迹罕至的小路。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：赖特跟着那只狗，它把他带到了一座避暑小屋。A.followed跟随；B.caught抓住；C.drov