江苏省无锡市2023-2024学年高三上学期期终教学质量调研测试英语试卷 含解析

无锡市2023年秋学期高三期终教学质量调研测试英语2024.01注意事项及说明：1．试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。2．答案一律写在答题卡上。考试结束时，上交答题卡。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatdoesthemanwanttodonow?A．Watchabasketballmatch.B．Buyagiftforhismother.C．Gotohismother’sbirthdayparty.2．WhydoesthemanplantogotoEdinburgh?A．Togotoaconcert.B．Tokeephisparentscompany.C．Toattendhisgrandparents’weddinganniversary.3．Whatdidthewomanbuyyesterday?A．Somebutter.B．Somemilk.C．Somebread.4．Howdidthemanbookthehotelforhisholiday?A．OntheInternet.B．Onthephone.C．Atthetravelagency.5．Whendoestheexambegin?A．At2p.m.B．At3p.m.C．At4p.m.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatdoesthemanspendmostofhispocketmoneyon?A．Books.B．Films.C．CDs.7．Howmuchdoesthemangetfromhisuncleaweek?A．¥15.B．¥30.C．¥45.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Whenwillthewomanleaveforherholiday?A．OnWednesday.B．OnThursday.C．OnFriday.9．Howdoesthewomanfeelabouthercomingholiday?A．Worried.B．Excited.C．Lonely.10．Whatdoesthewomanexpecttododuringherholiday?A．Listentosomemusicwithherfriends.B．Dosomereadingonthebeach.C．Takesomelongwalksonthebeach.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．Whatwillthewomandotomorrow?A．Repairherlaptop.B．Prepareareport.C．Haveaninterview.12．Whatisthetopicofthewoman’spresentation?A．Adevelopmentplan.B．Atechnologyresearch.C．Aresearchingsubject.13．Whatmightthewomanworryabout?A．Herlaptopmightnotwork.B．Shemightfeeltoonervous.C．Sheisn’tsureofwhattosay.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14．Whydoesthewomanoftentakelongtravels?A．Tostartacareerasayoungperson.B．Toseetheworldasmuchaspossible.C．Toavoidstayingwithherfamily.15．Wheredoesthewomanusuallystaywhiletravelling?A．Inexpensivehotels.B．Infamilyrestaurants.C．Intents.16．Whatmightbetherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A．Managerandwaitress.B．Fatheranddaughter.C．Hostandinterviewee.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．Whoisthespeaker?A．Atourguide.B．TheGardens’founder.C．Acompanymanager.18．WhatdoweknowabouttheSouthCoastGardens?A．Ithasahistoryofover100years.B．Itkeeps8,000varietiesofpaintings.C．Ithasacollectionofthe19thcenturyrarecoins.19．HowmanypartsistheSouthCoastGardensdividedinto?A．Two.B．Three.C．Four.20．Whatcanvisitorsdointherosegarden?A．Haverosetea.B．Collectvariousroses.C．Plantdifferentroses.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ALocalChineseTeachers’TraininginSriLankaTheConfuciusInstituteUniversityofColombosuccessfullyconductedthe“LocalChineseTeachers’TraininginSriLanka”on20th-21stMay.Thiseventwascarriedoutthroughonlineplatform.FiftythreeChineseteachersfromvariousschoolsacrossSriLankaparticipatedinthistrainingprogram.Hereisthetrainingworkshopagenda.ArrangementfortheFirstDay:TimeActivityLecturer7:00AM-8:20AMOnlineRegistration&OpeningCeremony8:30AM-9:45AMBenefitsofLanguageLearningforCareerDevelopmentProf.WimalHewamanage,UniversityofColombo10:00AM-11:30AMTeachingChineseWritingProf.LeiMingzhen,HongheUniversity11:40AM-2:00PMLunch&Break2:10PM-3:30PMAnalysisofAdvanceLevelChineseLanguageExamMs.SammanieU.Kandambi,ChineseLanguageCoordinator,NIE3:45PM-5:00PMChineseCulturalExperienceMs.ShenLiqiong,UniversityofColomboArrangementfortheSecondDay:TimeActivityLecturer8:30AM-9:45AMTeachingChineseCharactersMr.FeiYanhong,UniversityofColombo10:00AM-11:30AMChineseLiteratureMr.T.K.AselaPrabath,UniversityofColombo11:40AM-2:00PMLunch&Break2:10PM-3:30PMOnlineChineseTeachingMr.FeiYanhong,Ms.ShiQiao,Mr.T.K.AselaPrabath&Ms.ShenLiqiong,UniversityofColombo3:45PM-5:00PMOnlineClosingCeremonyCombiningtheirownteachingpracticeandtheory,thelecturersgaveinstructionstotheparticipants(参与者)withthefocusonEnglish-Chineseclassroomteaching.1.Whowastheeventintendedfor?A.Collegefreshmen. B.Collegegraduates. C.Languageteachers. D.Exchangestudents.2.WhatdidProf.LeiMingzhensharewiththeparticipants?A.HowtoreadChinesenovels. B.HowtopronounceChinesewords.C.HowtowriteChinesecharacters. D.HowtowritearticlesinChinese.3.Whatcouldtheparticipantsgetfromtheevent?A.Freemealsthroughouttheday.B.StrategiesofChineselanguageteaching.C.CertificatesfromChineselanguagetestingagency.D.TipsonlearningChinesefromthefamousprofessors.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了斯里兰卡“本土汉语教师培训”的时间表。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“TheConfuciusInstitute,UniversityofColombosuccessfullyconductedthe“LocalChineseTeachers’TraininginSriLanka”on20th-21stMay.(5月20日至21日，科伦坡大学孔子学院成功举办了‘斯里兰卡本土汉语教师培训’活动)”和“FiftythreeChineseteachersfromvariousschoolsacrossSriLankaparticipatedinthistrainingprogram.(来自斯里兰卡各学校的五十三名中国教师参加了此次培训项目)”可推知，这次活动针对的是语言老师。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“ArrangementfortheFirstDay”下面的“TeachingChineseWriting”和“Prof.LeiMingzhen,HongheUniversity”可知，LeiMingzhen教授教中文写作，即如何用中文写文章。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据“ArrangementfortheSecondDay”下面的“OnlineChineseTeaching”可知，本次培训有关于在线汉语教学的讲座。由此推知，参与者能从本次活动中获得汉语教学的策略。故选B，BAlltheBeautyintheWorld,PatrickBringley’smemoir(回忆录)abouthis10yearsworkingasaguardatNewYork’sMetropolitanMuseumofArt(Met),bringsnewmeaningtotheterm“artappreciation”.BringleyisnottheonlyMetstaffertowriteabouttheinstitution.ButBringley’s“guard’s-eyeview”isunique,andhepresentshispersonalstorywithsincerity.AfterhisbrotherTom’sdeathin2008,Bringleygaveuphisjobasajournalistforajobinwhich“Iwashappytobegoingnowhere”.Heexplains,“Ihadlostsomeone.Ididnotwishtomoveonfromthat.Inasense,Ididn’twishtomoveatall.”AlltheBeautyintheWorldofferswell-chosenfactsaboutthemuseumtosupportBringley’spersonaltale.TheMetopenedin1880andhassinceexpandedtomorethan2.5millionsquarefeet—“thesizeofabout3,000averageNewYorkapartments”.The“salmonrun(鲑鱼回游)ofvisitors”thatgoesuptheGrandStaircaseeverymorningwhenthemuseumopensaddsuptoacrowdofnearly7millionvisitorsayear.Asinterestingasthesefactsare,it’sBringley’sreflectionsondozensofindividualpaintings,photographs,sculpturesandancientartifactsthatturnthisbookintoatribute(致敬)tothepowerofart.Ithinkthat“sometimesweneedpermissiontostopandadorethings,andaworkofartgivesusthat”.InaVermeerportrait(肖像)ofadozingmaidservant,heismovedtoseethattheartistcaptured“thatfeelingwesometimeshavethataprivatesettingpossessesaholiness(神圣)ofitsown.ItwasmyconstantfeelinginTom’shospitalroom.”AsrichinmovinginsightsastheMetisintreasures,AlltheBeautyintheWorldremindsusoftheimportanceoflearningnot“aboutart,butfromit”andfindingpeaceintoart.Thisisartappreciationatadeeplevel.4.WhatsetsAlltheBeautyintheWorldapartfromotherbookswrittenbyMetstaffers?A.Theauthor’suniquewritingperspective. B.Theauthor’sopinionsonartworks.C.Itsfocusonhistoricalfactsandtruth. D.Itsdetailedintroductiontothepaintings.5.WhatcausedBringleytochangehisjobaccordingtohiswords?A.Hishobbyfromchildhood. B.Hisfailureasajournalist.C.Lossofhisbelovedbrother. D.Hisambitionofbeinggreat.6.HowdoesBringleypresentinformationabouttheMetinhismemoir?A.Byinterviewingretiredstaffmembers.B.Byrelatingmuseumfactstohispersonallife.CByrecordingthenumberofdailyvisitorsyearly.D.Byresearchingthebackgroundofeachmasterpiece.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A.FindingPeaceinArt B.ReflectingonLifewithArtC.Little-knownFactsabouttheMet D.InnerWorldsoftheFamousArtists【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了PatrickBringley所著的回忆录《这世间一切的美》，这本书记录了他在纽约大都会艺术博物馆当保安时的所见所感，为“艺术欣赏”一词带来了新的意义。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“BringleyisnottheonlyMetstaffertowriteabouttheinstitution.ButBringley’s‘guard’s-eyeview’isunique,andhepresentshispersonalstorywithsincerity.(Bringley并不是唯一一位写过该机构的大都会艺术博物馆工作人员。但Bringley的‘保安视角’是独一无二的，他真诚地呈现了自己的个人故事。)”可知，作者独一无二的写作视角是让这本书有别于其他大都会艺术博物馆工作人员所写的书的地方。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“AfterhisbrotherTom’sdeathin2008,Bringleygaveuphisjobasajournalistforajobinwhich‘Iwashappytobegoingnowhere’.(2008年，他的哥哥Tom去世后，Bringley放弃了记者的工作，转而从事一份‘我很高兴哪儿也去不了’的工作。)”可知，Bringley决定换工作是因为他心爱的哥哥去世了。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“AlltheBeautyintheWorldofferswell-chosenfactsaboutthemuseumtosupportBringley’spersonaltale.(《这世间一切的美》提供了精心挑选的博物馆事实，以支持Bringley的个人故事。)”可知，Bringley在回忆录中把博物馆的事实与自己的个人生活连接起来，从而向读者呈现博物馆的信息。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“AlltheBeautyintheWorld,PatrickBringley’smemoir(回忆录)abouthis10yearsworkingasaguardatNewYork’sMetropolitanMuseumofArt(Met),bringsnewmeaningtotheterm‘artappreciation’.(PatrickBringley的回忆录《这世间一切的美》讲述了他在纽约大都会艺术博物馆当保安的10年，为‘艺术欣赏’一词带来了新的含义。)”和最后一段“AsrichinmovinginsightsastheMetisintreasures,AlltheBeautyintheWorldremindsusoftheimportanceoflearningnot‘aboutart,butfromit’andfindingpeaceintoart.Thisisartappreciationatadeeplevel.(正如大都会艺术博物馆的珍宝一样，《这世间一切的美》充满了感人的见解，提醒我们不要‘学习艺术，而是从中学习’，以及在艺术中找到平静的重要性。这是一种深层次的艺术欣赏。)”可知，本文首尾呼应，讲述了PatrickBringley根据自己在纽约大都会艺术博物馆当保安的10年经历写了一部回忆录《这世间一切的美》，这本书为“艺术欣赏”一词带来了新的意义，即不要学习艺术，而是要从艺术中学习，寻找艺术中的平静。由此可推测出，A项“在艺术中寻找平静”最适合作本文标题。故选A。CBlue-light-filteringglasses(滤蓝光眼镜)havebecomeanincreasinglypopularsolutionforprotectingoureyesfromelectronicscreens’near-inescapableglow—lightthatiscommonlyassociatedwitheyestrain(眼疲劳).Inrecentyearsthey’veevenbecomefashionstatementsthatarerecognizedbycelebritiesandrankedinstyleguides.Butarecentreviewpapershowssuchglassesmightnotbeaseffectiveaspeoplethink.Thepaper,publishedlastweekinCochraneDatabaseofSystematicReviews,analyzeddatafromprevioustrialsthatstudiedhowblue-light-filteringglassesaffectvisiontirednessandeyehealth.Thestudy’sauthorsfoundthatwearingblue-light-filteringglassesdoesnotreducetheeyestrainpeoplefeelafterusingcomputers.“It’sanexcellentreview,”saysMarkRosenfield,aprofessorattheStateUniversityofNewYorkCollegeofOptometry,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.“Theconclusionsarenosurpriseatall.Therehavebeenanumberofstudiesthathavefoundexactlythesamething,thatthere’sjustnoevidencethatblue-blockingglasseshaveanyeffectoneyestrain.”Headdsthatthenewreviewreinforcesthefactthatthereisvirtuallynoevidencethatblue-blockingglassesaffecteyestraindespitethembeingspecificallymarketedforthatpurpose.Asforusingblue-light-filteringeyeglassesforeyehealth,fornow,Rosenfieldsays,“there’snothingtosupportpeoplebuyingthem”.Thestrainwemayfeelwhilestaringatourphoneorcomputerscreentoolongislikelytobecausedbymultiplefactors,suchasbadhabitsorunderlyingconditions,anassociateprofessorofvisionscienceattheUniversityofMelbourne,Downiesays.Shearguesthathowweinteractwithdigitaldevicescontributesmoretoeyestrainthanscreens’bluelightdoes.Changingthefrequencyanddurationofscreenusageanddistancingone’seyesfromthescreensmightbemoreimportantinreducingdiscomfort,Downiesays.Sheaddsthatpeoplewhoexperienceeyestrainshouldseeadoctortoassesswhethertheyhaveanunderlyinghealthissuesuchasfar-sightednessordryeyedisease.8.Whatcanweknowaboutblue-light-filteringglassesfromthetext?A.Theycanimproveeyesight. B.Theymaynotreduceeyestrain.C.Theycanpromoteeyehealth. D.Theycanhelptocureeyediseases.9.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph2?A.Agreatmanyprofessorswereinvolvedinthestudy.B.Blue-blockingglassesonthemarketareharmfultoeyes.C.Thefindingofthestudycomesasasurprisetothepublic.D.Datafromprevioustrialshelpthestudyalot.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reinforces”meaninparagraph3?A.Denies. B.Opposes. C.Strengthens. D.Evaluates.11.WhatshouldwedoifwesufferfromeyestrainaccordingtoDownie?A.Wearblue-light-filteringglasses. B.Haveanexaminationinthehospital.C.Stopstaringatthescreenforever. D.Focusonthefrequencyofphoneusage.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一项研究发现蓝光过滤眼镜并没有减少人们看电子屏幕后的眼睛疲劳。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thestudy’sauthorsfoundthatwearingblue-light-filteringglassesdoesnotreducetheeyestrainpeoplefeelafterusingcomputers.(该研究的作者发现，戴蓝光过滤眼镜并不能减少人们使用电脑后的眼睛疲劳感。)”可知，蓝光过滤眼镜并没有减轻眼睛疲劳。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Thepaper,publishedlastweekinCochraneDatabaseofSystematicReviews,analyzeddatafromprevioustrialsthatstudiedhowblue-light-filteringglassesaffectvisiontirednessandeyehealth.(上周发表在Cochrane系统评价数据库上的这篇论文分析了之前研究蓝光过滤眼镜如何影响视力疲劳和眼睛健康的试验数据。)”可知，这篇论文分析了之前研究蓝光过滤眼镜如何影响视力疲劳和眼睛健康的试验数据，由此可推测出，从前实验的数据对这项研究很有帮助。故选D。【10题详解】词义猜测题。画线词前的“Therehavebeenanumberofstudiesthathavefoundexactlythesamething,thatthere’sjustnoevidencethatblue-blockingglasseshaveanyeffectoneyestrain.(有许多研究发现了完全相同的事情，就是没有证据表明阻蓝眼镜对眼睛疲劳有任何影响。)”讲述了之前的研究也发现了没有证据表明阻蓝眼镜能减轻眼睛疲劳，再结合画线词后的“thefactthatthereisvirtuallynoevidencethatblue-blockingglassesaffecteyestrain”可推测出，这个新报告进一步强化了没有证据表明阻蓝眼镜对眼睛疲劳有影响的事实。reinforce意为“加强”，与strengthen意思最接近。故选C。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Sheaddsthatpeoplewhoexperienceeyestrainshouldseeadoctortoassesswhethertheyhaveanunderlyinghealthissuesuchasfar-sightednessordryeyedisease.(她补充说，眼睛疲劳的人应该去看医生，评估他们是否有潜在的健康问题，如远视或干眼病。)”可知，Downie认为如果我们眼睛疲劳，我们应该去医院检查一下。故选B。D“Silenceisasourceofgreatstrength.”—LaoTzu.Whenwestopbombarding(轰击)thebodywithsounds,wemayseebenefitsforourbrain,ourbloodpressureandourbreathing.Imagineaplacewhereyoucan’ttalk,telephone,read,writeoraccesstheInternet.Boredomcansoonturnintopleasureasthebrain,fromastateofchaos,findspeace.TheexplorerErlingKaggehasexperiencedalotofsilenceduringhislongtraveltoreachthe“threepoles”.Byshuttingouttheworld,hehaslearnttoseetheworldmoreclearlyandunlocknewwaysofthinking.Scientificstudieshaveshownussomethinginteresting.Whenmicearemadetolistentosilencefortwohoursadayforthreedays,braincellsinthehippocampus(thepartofthebrainresponsibleforlearningandmemory)increaseinnumber.Dr.GerdKemperman,leadingauthorofthepaper,suggeststhatsilencecausestheproductionofmorebraincellstoincreasealertness(警觉)andreadinessfor“futurecognitive(认知的)challenges”.Inhumans,listeningtoslowmusichasbeenshowntoreducebloodpressure,heartrateandbreathingrate.Addingtwominutesofsilencetothemusiclowersbloodpressureandbreathingevenfurther.“Silenceisgolden,”butwhenitcomestoyourhealth,cansilencealsobedeadly?“Ifoundsolitary(单独监禁)themostforbiddingaspectofprisonlife.Therewasnoendandnobeginning;therewasonlyone’smind,whichcouldbegintoplaytricks,”saidNelsonMandela,reflectingonhis27yearsinprison.Asilentmindcanbeunbearable—andcanevendriveyouovertheedge.InoneexperimentfromHarvardandtheUniversityofVirginia,someparticipantsweresoopposedtoa15-minutesilencethattheychosetoself-administeranelectricshocktoescapethesilence.Whensilenceislinkedtolonelinessyourphysicalhealthmayalsosuffer.Lonelinesshasbeenshowntobeassociatedwitha29percentincreaseinriskofheartdiseaseanda32percentincreaseinthedisease—stroke.There’sanothertypeofsilencethatis“killinggoodpeople”accordingtoPrinceWilliam.It’snotthelackofauditory(听觉的)inputtoyourears;it’sfailingtospeakoutwhenyou’reanxiousorstrugglingtocope,andthat’samajorcauseofsuicide(自杀).12.What’sthefunctionofparagraph1?A.Toproveanopinion. B.Tointroduceatopic.C.Topresentanexample. D.Togiveadefinition.13.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningErlingKagge?A.Toproveeveryoneneedssilence.B.Togiveusanexampletolearnfrom.C.Toindicatesilenceworkstoouradvantageattimes.D.Toshowhumanscankeepthingsinperspectiveinsilence.14.Whycansilencealsobedeadlytosomeextent?A.Asilentmindcancausepeopletofight.B.Alonelymindwithsilenceleadstomostheartdiseases.C.Toomuchsilencecanmakepeoplephysicallyunbearable.D.Ahelplessstateofmindinsilencecanincreasethetendencyofsuicide.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheeffectofsilence?A.Negative. B.Objective. C.Supportive. D.Doubtful.【答案】12.B13.B14.D15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了沉默对身心的好处和坏处。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“‘Silenceisasourceofgreatstrength.’—LaoTzu.Whenwestopbombarding(轰击)thebodywithsounds,wemayseebenefitsforourbrain,ourbloodpressureandourbreathing.(‘沉默是力量的源泉。’——老子。当我们停止用声音轰炸身体时，我们可能会看到对大脑、血压和呼吸的好处。)”可知，第一段提出沉默对大脑、血压和呼吸有好处，接着第二、三、四段具体从探险家ErlingKagge、科学研究、听音乐等方面讲述了沉默对身心的好处。由此可推测出，第一段主要是为了引出主题。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“TheexplorerErlingKaggehasexperiencedalotofsilenceduringhislongtraveltoreachthe‘threepoles’.Byshuttingouttheworld,hehaslearnttoseetheworldmoreclearlyandunlocknewwaysofthinking.(探险家ErlingKagge在到达‘三极’的漫长旅程中经历了很多沉默。通过将世界拒之门外，他学会了更清晰地看待世界，并开启新的思维方式。)”可知，探险家ErlingKagge从沉默中学会了更清晰地看待世界和新的思维方式；由此可推测出，作者提到ErlingKagge是为了给读者一个从中学习的例子。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“it’sfailingtospeakoutwhenyou’reanxiousorstrugglingtocope,andthat’samajorcauseofsuicide(自杀)(当你焦虑或难以应对时，你会说不出来，这是自杀的主要原因)”可知，当人处于焦虑或难以应对的情况时，无法宣泄出来是导致自杀的主要原因。由此可推测出，沉默中无助的心态会增加自杀倾向。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Whenwestopbombarding(轰击)thebodywithsounds,wemayseebenefitsforourbrain,ourbloodpressureandourbreathing.(当我们停止用声音轰炸身体时，我们可能会看到对大脑、血压和呼吸的好处。)”和第五段中的“‘Silenceisgolden,’butwhenitcomestoyourhealth,cansilencealsobedeadly?(‘沉默是金’，但当涉及到你的健康时，沉默也会致命吗？)”可知，本文主要讲述了沉默对身心的好处和坏处，并没有发表作者个人的偏好。由此可推测出，作者对沉默的影响持客观态度。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Amongallthestressmanagementstrategiesouttherewehavelongignoredoneessentialfactor—rest.However,therehasrecentlybeenagrowingrealizationwithinpsychologycirclesthatthebodyandmindaredeeplyintertwined(缠绕)witheachother.Realizinghowyourphysicalhealthaffectsthemind____16____Andtherehavebeensomeremarkablediscoveriesintheresearch.Thebrainscanshaveshownthatourbrainprocesses“psychological”pain,suchasthekindthatarisesoutofsocialexclusion(社会排斥),inthesamewayitdoesphysicalpain.Infact,youcaneventakeanaspirinforthatkindofpain.Thesearecasesinpoint.____17____Andifyouhaveabadnight’ssleep,everythingismorestressfulthenextday.Whileyouareeasiertostresswhenyouarefeelingdown,theflipside(反面)isthatyoucanfightitbylookingafteryourbody.Itisnowcommonknowledgethatphysicalexercise,inadditiontotherapy,helpstoreducedepression.Besides,ahealthysleepingpatternalsooffersprotectionagainstallkindsofpsychologicaldisorders.____18____RethinkingthevalueofrestWhenyoudecidetodosomethingaboutyourstresslevels,trytorethinkthevalueofrest.Usuallythefirststepistotakebettercareofyourbody.____19____Moreover,momentsofrestandrelaxationoughttooccupyamoreimportantplaceinourlives.Theseimportantmomentsshouldnotberegardedasakindof“breather”inbetweenjobs,butasanaturalandkeypartofourlife.Restisactuallycrucialtoourwell-beingandisgoodforbothbodyandmind.Weallneedatleastalittletimetothink,toreflectonlifeandevenjustdonothing.____20____Weneedtoseeitasacrucialtimetobuildupourreserves.Itisonlywhenwefullyembrace(拥抱)restthatwewillbeabletotakeastandagainststressandburnout.A.Thisstepcanleadtomentalreliefaswell.B.Asidefromsleep,ahealthydietisknowntoreducestress.C.Buttherehavebeenveryfewdiscoveriesconcerningthetopic.D.Ourmentalhealthisdeterminedlargelybyourphysicalcondition.E.Gettingenoughrestisnotjustsomethingweshoulddowhenwearetiredout.F.Havingagoodrestissomethingweneedtodowhenweareinpsychologicaldisorders.G.Youmaysuffermorefromstresswhenyouarefeelingrundownoraresufferingfromaflu.【答案】16.D17.G18.B19.A20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了休息的重要性以及休息的好处。【16题详解】根据标题“Realizinghowyourphysicalhealthaffectsthemind(意识到你的身体健康是如何影响思想的)”以及后文“Andtherehavebeensomeremarkablediscoveriesintheresearch.Thebrainscanshaveshownthatourbrainprocesses“psychological”pain,suchasthekindthatarisesoutofsocialexclusion(社会排斥),inthesamewayitdoesphysicalpain.Infact,youcaneventakeanaspirinforthatkindofpain.(在这项研究中有一些显著的发现。脑部扫描显示，我们的大脑处理“心理”疼痛，比如由社会排斥引起的疼痛，与处理身体疼痛的方式相同。事实上，你甚至可以吃一片阿司匹林来缓解这种疼痛)”可知，后文的研究表明大脑处理“心理”疼痛与处理身体疼痛的方式相同，可知心理健康由身体状况决定，故D选项“我们的心理健康在很大程度上取决于我们的身体状况”符合语境，故选D。【17题详解】根据上文“Thesearecasesinpoint.(这些都是恰当的例子)”以及后文“Andifyouhaveabadnight’ssleep,everythingismorestressfulthenextday.Whileyouareeasiertostresswhenyouarefeelingdown,theflipside(反面)isthatyoucanfightitbylookingafteryourbody.(如果你晚上没睡好，第二天的压力会更大。当你情绪低落时，你更容易感到压力，但另一方面，你可以通过照顾好自己的身体来对抗压力)”可知，本句与后文并列，都是就会造成压力的情况进行举例，故G选项“当你感到身体虚弱或患流感时，你可能会承受更多的压力”符合语境，故选G。【18题详解】根据上文“Itisnowcommonknowledgethatphysicalexercise,inadditiontotherapy,helpstoreducedepression.Besides,ahealthysleepingpatternalsooffersprotectionagainstallkindsofpsychologicaldisorders.(现在大家都知道，除了治疗之外，体育锻炼还有助于减少抑郁症。此外，健康的睡眠模式还可以防止各种心理障碍)”可知，本段主要说明了可以减少心理障碍的一些健康，且上文提到了睡眠，故B选项“众所周知，除了睡眠，健康的饮食还能减轻压力”符合语境，故选B。【19题详解】根据上文“Whenyoudecidetodosomethingaboutyourstresslevels,trytorethinkthevalueofrest.Usuallythefirststepistotakebettercareofyourbody.(当你决定做一些事情来缓解压力水平时，试着重新思考休息的价值。通常第一步是要照顾好自己的身体)”以及后文“Moreover,momentsofrestandrelaxationoughttooccupyamoreimportantplaceinourlives.Theseimportantmomentsshouldnotberegardedasakindof“breather”inbetweenjobs,butasanaturalandkeypartofourlife.(此外，休息和放松的时刻应该在我们的生活中占据更重要的位置。这些重要的时刻不应该被视为工作之间的一种“喘息”，而是我们生活中自然而关键的一部分)”可知，本句承接上文说明这么做的好处，A选项中Thisstep对应上文firststep。故A选项“这一步也能使精神得到缓解”符合语境，故选A。【20题详解】根据上文“Restisactuallycrucialtoourwell-beingandisgoodforbothbodyandmind.Weallneedatleastalittletimetothink,toreflectonlifeandevenjustdonothing.(休息实际上对我们的健康至关重要，对身心都有好处。我们都至少需要一点时间来思考，反思生活，甚至什么都不做)”以及后文“Weneedtoseeitasacrucialtimetobuildupourreserves.Itisonlywhenwefullyembrace(拥抱)restthatwewillbeabletotakeastandagainststressandburnout.(我们需要把这看作是建立储备的关键时刻。只有当我们完全拥抱休息时，我们才能对抗压力和倦怠)”可知，上文建议反思生活，什么都不做，可知本句承接上文，说明需要做的事情是休息。故F选项“当我们有心理障碍时，好好休息是我们需要做的事情”符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。BaiPeilanistheChinesenameofMexicanacademicFloraBottonBeja,aprofessorattheCenterforAsianandAfricanStudiesatElColegiodeMexico.TheChinese____21____laninhernamestandsfororchid(兰花)inEnglish.IntraditionalChineseculture,theorchid____22____elegance,nobilityandfriendship.Nowinher90s,shewas____23____withtheoutstandingachievementawardattheOrchidAwardsonSept.8,____24____decadesofdevotiontostudyingandintroducingChinatoallSpanish-speakingcountries.BorninGreece,BottonmovedtoMexicowithherfamilyattheageof15,whereshesetoutona____25____journeythatfinallytiedherdestiny(命运)tothatofChina.Sheisnowrespectedasoneofthe____26____inthefieldofSinologyinMexico.Forher,whatstartedoutasasuitableacademicarrangement____27____developedintoadeeploveaffairwithChina.AsoneofthefirstacademicsinMexicotofocusonChinainthe1960s,Botton____28____todipintotherichtapestry(织锦)oftraditionalChineseculture,reflectingher____29____that“knowingaboutthepastisnecessarytounderstandthepresent”.BottonfirsttraveledtoChinain1975,andshelaterworkedattheMexicanembassy(大使馆)inChina,actively____30____culturalexchangeefforts.Afterherdiplomatictenure(外交任期),shecontinued_____31_____culturalexchangesbetweenChinaandMexico.ShetranslatedChineseclassicbooksintoSpanish,enrichingtheunderstandingofChinesecultureamongSpanish-speaking_____32_____.AndshealsodealtwithmodernandcontemporaryChina,_____33_____researchonsociety,familyandwomen.Asapromoterbetweentwo_____34_____cultures,BottonhasconcludedthatMexicoandChinasharetraditionalvaluesoffamily_____35_____,aswellasrespectfortheelderlyandforregionalcultures.21.A.image B.flower C.character D.painting22.A.standsfor B.showsoff C.takeson D.looksinto23.A.provided B.blessed C.honored D.equipped24.A.inmemoryof B.withrespectto C.onbehalfof D.inrecognitionof25.A.lonely B.remarkable C.tough D.usual26.A.pioneers B.roles C.professors D.chiefs27.A.recently B.eventually C.continuously D.occasionally28.A.refused B.agreed C.hesitated D.chose29.A.belief B.confidence C.dream D.assumption30.A.relatingto B.resultingin C.engagingin D.turningto31.A.discovering B.advertising C.preventing D.promoting32.A.lovers B.viewers C.publishers D.readers33.A.conducting B.publishing C.harvesting D.ignoring34.A.similar B.distinct C.relative D.opposite35.A.origins B.ties C.religions D.memories【答案】21.C22.A23.C24.D25.B26.A27.B28.D29.A30.C31.D32.D33.A34.B35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了墨西哥学院亚非研究中心教授白佩兰女士与中国的不解之缘，她为向西语世界介绍中国做出了突出贡献。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的名字中的汉字“兰”在英语中代表兰花。A.image形象；B.flower花；C.character文字；D.painting绘画。根据空后的“laninhername”可知，这里是说她名字中的“兰”这个汉字。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在中国传统文化中，兰花代表优雅、高贵和友谊。A.standsfor代表；B.showsoff炫耀；C.takeson呈现；D.looksinto调查。根据空前的“theorchid”和空后的“elegance,nobilityandfriendship”可知，这里是说兰花所代表的含义。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现年90多岁的她在9月8日的兰花奖上获得了杰出成就奖，以表彰她几十年来致力于研究中国并将其介绍给所有西班牙语国家。A.provided提供；B.blessed祝福；C.honored给予表扬（或奖励、头衔、称号）；D.equipped配备，装备。根据空后的“withtheoutstandingachievementawardattheOrchidAwards”可知，她被授予兰花奖的杰出成就奖。故选C。【24题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意参考上题。A.inmemoryof为纪念；B.withrespect