Unit7Art（核心单词词形转换词汇精讲熟词新意写作迁移）-2024年高三英语一轮名校培优筑基复习方案(北师大2019)原卷版

2024年高三一轮名校培优筑基复习方案(北师大2019)（核心单词+词形转换+词汇精讲+熟词新意+写作迁移）Unit7Art（必修三）原卷版一、重点单词分类——夯基础(一)核心单词[第一组]1．_________n.歌剧；歌剧艺术2．_________n. 乐队；乐团3．_________n. 戏剧4．_________n. 组成部分5．_________n. 舞台；讲台；阶段6．_________n. (画的)阴影部分7．_________n. 气氛；氛围8．_________adv. 每月地；每月一次地9．_________n. 杰作；代表作10．_________n. 人像，人形；数字11．_________n. 药物，药材12．_________n. (圆)点；斑点；污渍13．_________n. 尖叫，尖叫声vi.&vt. 高声喊出14．_________n. 观看者15．_________vt. 导致，引起；使发生n. 原因；事业16．_________n. 帝国；大企业17．_________n. 景色18．_________adj. 女(性)的[第二组]19．_________adj. 男(性)的20．_________n. 面具21．_________vt. 掌握，精通n. 大师；主人22．_________n. 图案；花样，式样23．_________adj. 复杂的24．_________n. 方面25．_________n. 天才26．_________adj. (音乐)小调的；小的； 不很重要的27．_________n. 钢琴28．_________n. 奋斗；vi. 奋斗，拼搏29．_________vi. 继续进行30．_________n. 单音，音调，音符31．_________n. 乐谱；比分；成绩32．_________adj. 后台的；(在)幕后(的)33．_________n. 主管；负责34．_________vt. 标志着；预示n. 标识35．_________n. (青)少年36．_________n. 个人，个体(二)拓展单词[第一组]1．_________n．表演；演出→_________vi.表演；工作，运转vt.表演；做，履行→_________n．表演者；演奏者；演员2．_________n．展出(会)，展览→_________vt.展览；展出n．展览品，陈列品；(在法庭上出示的)证据3．_________adj.有才能的；有天资的→_________n．天资，天赋；人才，天才4．_________adj.专业的；职业的→_________n．行业，职业5．_________adj.令人振奋的→_________vt.鼓励，激励，使振奋6．_________adv.精神上；心理上→_________adj.精神的，思想的，心理上的7．_________vt.影响→_________n．喜爱，钟爱；慈爱→_________adj.深深打动人的；感动人的；激起怜悯的8．_________n．失败的事；失败→_________vt.失败；未能(做到)；不及格9．_________adj.燃烧着的→_________vi.燃烧；(使)烧毁，烧坏，烧伤→_________adj.烧坏的；烧伤的；烫伤的；灼伤的10．_________adj.神秘的；难以解释的→_________n．神秘；难以理解的事物；奥秘11．_________adj.视觉的，视力的→_________adv.视觉上，外表上，看得见地，形象化地12．_________n．反应→_________vi.对……作出反应，有不良反应，过敏；起化学反应13．_________n．情感→_________adj.情感上的；情绪上的14．_________v．提到；谈到→_________n．参考，参照，查阅15．_________n．作曲家→_________vt.&vi.作曲；组成；撰写；使镇静→__________n．组成，构成；创作，作曲；作文，作品16．_________vi.&vt.回应，回复→_________n．回复；反应，响应[第二组]17．_________adj.紧张的；焦虑不安的→_________n．紧张，焦虑18．_________n．指挥→_________vt.&vi.组织，实施；指挥；引导；举止19．_________vi.犹豫；踌躇→_________n．犹豫20．_________adj.宽阔的；广博的→__________vt.变宽，变阔；(使)扩大影响；增长(经验、知识等)→__________adv.大体上；基本上21．_________n．广告→_________vi.&vt.做广告，登广告；公布，征聘；展现，宣传→_________n．广告活动，广告业22．_________adv.当前；现时→_________adj.当前的，现时的23．_________adj.可接受的→_________vt.接受；同意；接纳24．_________vt.感激；欣赏→_________adj.感激的，感谢的；欣赏的，赏识的→__________n．欣赏；感激25．_________adv.忠诚地，忠实地→_________n．信仰；信心；相信；诚意→_________adj.忠实的；忠诚的；可信任的26．_________adj.富于感情的；明确表露想法的→_________vt.表示；表露；表达→_________n．表示；表达；表情；措辞27．_________adv.广泛地；大规模地；全面地→_________vt.持续；延伸→_________n．延长；延伸→_________adj.广阔的，广大的，大量的28．_________n．象征主义→_________n．象征；符号，代号→_________adj.符号的；象征(性)的→_________vt.象征；是……的象征；代表29．_________n．雕刻家→_________vt.雕刻，雕塑→_________n．雕像，雕刻品，雕塑作品30．_________n．敬佩；羡慕→_________vt.钦佩；欣赏→_________adj.值得赞赏的，令人羡慕的31．_________n．允许；许可→_________vt.&vi.允许，准许，许可；使有可能n．许可证32．_________adj.(行为)带有威胁的→_________n．构成威胁的人(事物)；威胁，恐吓；凶兆→_________vt.危及，对……构成威胁；威胁，恐吓33．_________adj.脏的；凌乱的→_________n．混乱，杂乱vt.弄脏，弄乱34．_________adj.可依法惩处的→_________vt.处罚，惩罚→_________n．惩罚，处罚(三)阅读单词[第一组]1．classicaladj. _________2．jazzn. _________3．edyn. _________4．calligraphyn. _________5．costumen. _________6．starryadj. _________7．massiveadj. _________8．beneathprep.&adv. _________9．strikingadj. _________10．clownn. _________11．acrobaticsn. _________[第二组]12．otherwiseadv. _________13．carriagen. _________14．orchestran. _________15．symphonyn. _________16．joyousadj. _________17．contestn. _________18．martialadj. _________19．madamn. _________20．documentaryn. _________21．artisticadj. _________22．best­sellingadj. _________二、必备短语分组——抓落实(一)英译汉1．inhistwenties _________2．nothesitatetodosth _________3．takechargeof _________4．intotal _________5．broadsmile _________6．martialarts _________7．inmostcases _________(二)汉译英8．_________ 发出尖叫声9．_________ 一系列的10．_________ 放弃11．_________ 在……的底部12．_________ 第一次(单独作状语)13．_________ 毕竟；终究14．_________ 提到三、经典句式默背——积佳句(一)句型公式1．not...but...结构Artis_________whatyousee,_________whatyoumakeotherssee.艺术不是你看到什么，而是你让别人看到什么。2．独立主格结构ButBeethovencontinuedconducting,_________．但贝多芬的头还埋在乐谱里继续指挥。3．notuntil的强调句__________________CarolineUnger,oneofthesingers,tookhisarmandturnedhimtofacetheaudience_________thegreatmanrealisedhissymphonywasasuccess.直到歌手卡罗琳·昂格尔拉着他的手臂转向观众时，这位伟人才意识到他的交响乐取得了成功。4．“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构Bornintoanartisticfamily,ZhangDaqianwasfirsttaught_________byhismotherandsiblings.出生在艺术世家的张大千最初是由妈妈和兄弟姐妹教他画画的。5．Itis＋过去分词＋that从句__________________thetwoartistsadmiredeachother.据说这两位艺术家相互敬佩。(二)单元美句1．Thestarsandthemoonhangbrightinthenightsky.星星和月亮在夜空中熠熠生辉。2．Asthefinal,joyousnotesignalledtheendofthesymphony,theaudiencejumpedtotheirfeet,clapping,cheeringandwavingtheirhats.最后，交响乐在欢乐的音符中结束，观众都跳了起来，鼓掌、欢呼，挥舞着他们的帽子。四、单元知识横拓——积得多1．“动词＋able”变形容词①adjust→adjustable 可调整的②suit→suitable 适宜的；合适的③wash→washable 可洗的；耐洗的④bear→bearable 可忍受的，可容忍的⑤afford→affordable 负得起的⑥pass→passable 可通过的2．合成名词①snowfall 下雪，降雪②greenhouse 温室③pickpocket 扒手④handwriting 书法⑤breakthrough 突破⑥doorbell 门铃五、读后续写微技能——外貌描写Thenonecanseetheovalfaceofabeautifulyoungwomanwithlongheavyhair.Shewastall,withafigureofperfecteleganceandlookedyoungerforherage.Itwasstillpossibletoseeinherfacesomethingofthefreshnessandprettinessofheryouth.ShehadthemostbeautifulblueeyesIhadneverseen.Whenhereyeslookedup,theywereverylarge,odd,andattractive.Hersparklingwhiteteethshowedthroughhisbeautifulsmile.一、单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式1．Ithinkarelaxedfamily_________(气氛)canhelpthephysicalandthepsychologicalgrowthofchildren.2．Hemadeenoughmoneytopaythe_________(每月一次的)rentpunctually.3．Mostofhis_________(代表作)wereexhibitedinthebestgalleriesinAmerica,EuropeandAsiainthe1960s.4．BasketballismyfavouritesportandI'dlovetobea_________(专业的)basketballplayeroneday.5．Theoldhousehadbeenlongagopulleddown,andafine_________(宽广的)roadwasinitsplace.6．Itisreportedthat431athletesparticipatedinthegame,including298_________(女性的)and133maleathletes.7．Themethodiseasytobeusedandcanattainabetter_________(视觉的)effect.8．The_________(展览)giveslocalartistsanopportunitytodisplaytheirworks.9．Assoonasshesawthesnake,thegirl_________asloudlyasshecould.10．Wewereafraidhewouldbenervouson_________,butheperformedbeautifully.二、单句语法填空用括号内所给词的适当形式填空1．(2020·天津卷)Thedancer'sincredible_________(perform)hadtheaudienceonitsfeetclappingfor10minutesattheendoftheshow.2．Istillrememberhis_________(react)whentheteachertoldhimtorewritehispaper.3．Itisobviousthateveryonecanbenefitfromenvironmentalimprovementbothphysicallyand_________(mental).4．Pagesshouldnotbecopiedwithoutthe_________(permit)ofthepublisher.5．Aprominentfactorinmen's_________(hesitate)togetmarriedishavingtofaceaheavyeconomicburden,especiallyinhousing.6．Asthestorydevelops,thetruthaboutthe_________(mystery)figureisslowlydiscovered.7．(2020·天津高考)I'veheardthatyouarea_________(talent)youngwoman,andIhavefoundyoucharmingandintelligentaswell.8．Shehaswonthe_________(admire)ofmanypeopleinherbattleagainstcancer.9．_________(fail)isannoying,butwhatfailurecanteachusmayneverbetaughtinotherways.10．Pepperyisused_________(extensive)inSichuanfoodtocreateitstrademarkeffect:numbingheat.三、选词填空用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空takechargeof，intotal，aseriesof，giveup，atthebottomof，forthefirsttime，afterall，referto1．TheStudents'Unionhasorganised__________________activitiesandpetitionsforstudentsinourschool.2．Hesignedhisname__________________thepaperandpassedittome.3．ItissaidthatMarrywill__________________thedepartmentwhilethemanagerisonbusiness.4．__________________inhislife,herealizedhowluckyhewas.5．Whenyouwriteyourposition,youcan't__________________anybook.6．__________________,25%ofIndia'sworking­agepopulationhasnoeducation.7．Thekiddeservesasecondchance.__________________,heisyourownfleshandblood.8．Itisbeyondargumentthatsmokingisharmfultoourhealthsoyoushould__________________smokingassoonaspossible.四、经典句式仿写1．他想买的不是一件衬衫，而是一条领带。(not...but...)Whathewantstobuyis__________________．2．没有人帮助我，我不得不独自完成这项工作。(独立主格)___________________________,Ihadtodoitallbymyself.3．直到那时我才注意到那个男孩什么也看不见。(notuntil的强调句)____________________________________Inoticedtheboycouldseenothing.4．他丝毫不懂经营一家公司。(“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构)Hehasnoidea___________________________．5．据报道那位闻名世界的足球明星明年要来中国。(Itis＋过去分词＋that从句)___________________________theworldfamousfootballstarwilletoChinanextyear.Part1重点词汇过关1．affectvt.影响(1)beaffectedby受……的影响；被……打动beaffectedwith感染……疾病(2)affectionn.喜爱，钟爱；慈爱haveanaffectionfor喜欢……，深爱着……(3)affectedadj.假装的；做作的affectingadj.深深打动人的；感动人的；激起怜悯eq\o(的,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Apparently,blindlyfollowingothers'advicewillaffectourownjudgement.很明显，盲目听从别人的意见会影响我们自己的判断。[辨析]affect，effect辨析：effect为名词，意为“影响”，短语haveaneffecton意为“对……有影响”，相当于动词affect。练透——单句语法填空①_________(affect)byhisfather,hebecameinterestedinChinesepainting.②Allthecattleonthefarmwereaffected_________thedisease.③Alltheaudienceweredeeplymovedbythe_________(affect)lovestory.④Thepoetexpressedinthispoemhisdeepandenduring_________(affect)forhismotherland.写美——应用文写作之在线学习⑤在线学习本身有一些不完善之处，这使得我们很难不受影响。Onlinelearningitselfhassomeimperfections,___________________________．2．spotn．(圆)点；斑点；污渍(1)onthespot当场；立即；在现场putsbonthespot(故意提出难以回答或尴尬的问题)使某人难堪(2)spotsbdoingsth发现某人正在做某事bespottedwith满是……斑点；点缀着…eq\o(…,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Hisjacketwascoveredwithspotsofmud.他的上衣满是泥点。【点津】spot还可用作动词，意为“发现，注意到；(使某事物)有斑点或污点”。spot作“地点，场所”讲，用作定语从句的先行词时，从句如缺状语则用where引导定语从句，从句如缺主语或宾语则用that/which引导定语从句。练透——一词多义/单句语法填空①Someofthespotsonyourtrousersarehardtoremove.②Ireadthroughthefirstpageofthebookandspottedaspellingmistake.③Heshowedmetheexactspotwherehehadaskedhertomarryhim.④Onthebus,Ispottedaman_________(steal)awalletfromalady'sshoulderbag.⑤Unfortunately,thecarcrashedintoabusonthebridge,andthedriverwaskilled_________thespot.⑥Doyourememberthatbeautifulspot_________wetookthatpicture?⑦Theboy'sshirtisspotted_________mud,soIguesshemusthavefallendown.写美——读后续写之尴尬⑧采访者的问题使他很下不来台。Theinterviewer'squestionsreally___________________________．3．referv．提到；谈到(1)referto提到，谈到；查阅；参考refertoadictionary＝lookupsthinadictionary查字典referto...as...称……为……(2)referencen.参考；查阅referencebook参考书forreference以备参考，供参eq\o(考,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Inhisspeech，hedidn'trefertotheproblemwhichpeoplehaddiscussedalot.在他的演讲中，他没有提到人们已经讨论很多的那个问题。练透——单句语法填空①Keepthelistofnumbersnearthephoneforeasy__________________(refer).②When_________(refer)tothatincidentoflastyear,hestillfeltveryfrightened.③Teachersinkindergartenaresometimesreferred_________asleadersofchildren.写美——应用文写作之人物介绍④被称为“铿锵玫瑰”的中国女足队员赢得了我们的崇拜和尊敬。TheChinesewomansoccerteamplayers,who__________________SteelRoses,havewonourworshipandrespect.【中国元素】ConfuciusisreferredtoasthegreatestoftheancientChinesesages.孔子被认为是中国古代最伟大的圣人。4．strugglen．奋斗；vi.奋斗，拼搏(1)strugglefor为……而斗争(2)struggleagainst与……作斗争，为反对……而斗争(3)strugglewith和……一起奋斗；与……作斗争(4)struggletodo努力做某事(5)struggletoone'sfeet挣扎着站起eq\o(来,\s\do4(,))【佳句】However，peopleusuallythinkthatchangealwaysrequireshardworkandstruggle.然而，人们通常认为这种改变总是需要努力和奋斗。【点津】strugglewith有两个意思：一是“与……搏斗”，双方是敌我关系；二是“和……并肩战斗”，双方是朋友关系。练透——单句语法填空①Themanstruggled_________theindependenceofourcountryallhislife,whichdeservesourrespect.②Wehavetostruggle__________________allkindsofdifficultiesfromhomeandabroadforfreedom.③She'sstruggling__________________(bring)upabigfamilyonaverylowine.④Thesoldierwasseriouslywoundedbuthestruggled_________hisfeetatlast.写美——句式升级⑤Maryhadstruggledformonthstofindajob,andfinallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.→___________________________,Maryfinallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.(动词­ing形式短语作状语)5．hesitatevi.犹豫；踌躇(1)hesitatetodosth犹豫做某事hesitateabout/over(doing)sth对(做)某事犹豫不决nothesitatetodosth毫不犹豫做某事，尽管做某事(2)hesitationn.犹豫；踌躇withouthesitation毫不犹豫eq\o(地,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Don'thesitatetocallmeifyouneedanyhelp.你如果需要帮助，尽管给我打。练透——单句语法填空①Hewasstillhesitating_________whethertoapologisetoherornot.②Whenthepeopleneedustogiveourall,weshalldosowithouttheleast_________(hesitate)andputasideanypersonalinterests.写美——一句多译如果发现有人行为可疑，你应该毫不犹豫地与警方联系。③Youshouldnot____________________________________ifyou'venoticedanyoneactingsuspiciously.(hesitate)④Youshouldcontactthepoliceifyou'venoticedanyoneactingsuspiciously__________________．(hesitation)6．chargen．主管；负责(1)freeofcharge免费(＝forfree)inchargeof主管；负责inthechargeof由……负责；在……的掌管下takechargeof掌管；负责(2)chargesbwithsth因某事控告某人chargesb(money)forsth向某人索取……的费eq\o(用,\s\do4(,))【佳句】AschairmanoftheStudentAssociation,IwasappointedtotakechargeofarrangingalltheactivitiesduringyourstayinTianjin.作为学生会主席，我被委派负责你在天津期间的所有活动。【点津】charge用作名词时，还有“费用，价钱”之意；用作动词，意为“收费；要价；控告；充电；使承担责任”。练透——一词多义/单句语法填空①Itregularlytakesabout11hourstochargethelong­versionvehicle'sbattery,whilefastchargingof20to80percentofthebatterytakesabout42minutes._________②Aslongasyou'vepaidinadvancewewon'tchargeyoufordelivery._________③Theyputhimunderarrestandtookhimtothepolicestation,wheretheychargedhimwithstealingacar._________④There'sa50pencebookingchargeforeachticket._________⑤Thecharityprogramwilloffersome400studentswholivewithcertaineyeproblemssurgeryfree_________charge.⑥Thetrafficpolicemanchargedthedriver_________speedingandfinedhim$50.⑦I'llbe_________chargeofthewholefactorynextweekwhenthedirectorisaway.写美——应用文写作之报道⑧一些学生负责收集道路上散落的垃圾，并根据垃圾分类将其放入不同的垃圾桶。Somestudentswere__________________thescatteredgarbageonthepathsandputthemintothedifferenttrashcansaccordingtogarbageclassification.7．posevt.作(曲)；构成；写作(1)beposedof＝bemadeupof＝consistof由……组成poseoneself使某人镇定(2)posern.作曲家(3)positionn.组成，构成；创作，作曲；作文，作eq\o(品,\s\do4(,))【佳句】ThemitteeisposedofMPs,doctors,academicsandmembersofthepublic.该委员会由议员、医生、学者和公众人士组成。【点津】pose还有“使镇静，使平静”之意。练透——一词多义/单句语法填空①Mozartshowedgreatgeniusatanearlyageandbegantoposemusicattheageofsix._________②Waterposesnearly70percentofthehumanbody._________③Ithinkshejustneedssometimetopose_________(she),sowe'dbetterleaveheralone.④Chinesefamous_________(pose)XianXinghaiposedTheYellowRiverCantatain1939.⑤Ateamofscientistshaveconductedastudyonthechemical_________(pose)ofthesoilinthisarea.写美——一句多译海水主要由水和盐组成。⑥Theseawater__________________waterandsalt.⑦Theseawater__________________waterandsalt.⑧Theseawater__________________waterandsalt.8．appreciatevt.感激；欣赏(1)appreciatesth/sb欣赏/赏识某物/某人appreciate(one's)doingsth感激(某人)做某事Iwouldappreciateitif...如果……我将不胜感激(it作形式宾语)(2)appreciationn.欣赏；感激(3)appreciativeadj.感激的，感谢的；欣赏的，赏识的beappreciativeof感激……，感谢…eq\o(…,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Wereallyappreciateallthehelpyougaveuslastweekend.我们真的很感激你上周末给我们的帮助。【点津】appreciate作“感激，感谢”讲时，其宾语不能直接接人。练透——单句语法填空①Ireallyappreciate_________(have)thechancetohaveatalkwithyouonthistopic.②I'dappreciate_________ifyoucouldletmeknowinadvancewhetherornotyouwille.③HereIsincerelyexpressmy__________________(appreciate)ifyoucouldhelpfindthelostsuitcase.④Hewasvery_________(appreciate)ofhiscolleagues'supportduringhisillness.写美——应用文写作之申请信⑤如果你能方便时尽快回复我的信件我将感激不尽。___________________________youcanreplytomyletteratyourearliestconvenience.1．stage[对点微练]——选出stage的正确选项A.n.舞台B．n.阶段C．vt.上演①Theequipmentisstillattheexperimentalstage.②Performedin1921inShanghaibyChinesestudents,itwasthefirstforeignplaystagedinChina.③(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Hesaidhebecamejustasnervousasthoseplayinginstrumentsonstage.2．figure[对点微练]——选出figure的正确选项A．vt.认为B．n.数字C．n.人物D．n.人影E．n.身材F．n.图形①AsformyfavoritefigureinChinesehistory,itmustbeWeiYuan,agreatthinkerinthelateQingDynasty.②Thefigureofthedeathintheminewillbepublishedtomorrow.③Thewalliscoveredwithfiguresofbirdsandflowers.④Glancinground,hecaughtsightofadarkfigureintheshadows.⑤Ifiguredthathewasdrunkandshouldn'tbeallowedtodrinkmore.⑥HowdoesMarymanagetokeepherfigurewhensheeatssomuch？3．causevt.导致，引起；使发生n.原因；事业[对点微练]——赏句猜义①Policeareinvestigatingthecausesoftheexplosion.②Herlifewasdevotedtothecauseofjustice.③Canyoutellmewhatcausedyoutochangeyourmind？4．note[对点微练]——选出note的正确选项A．n.单音，音调，音符B．n.笔记C．n.纸币D．vt.注意；留意①Jackcan'tgowithyoubecauseheneedstobrushuponhisnotesbeforetheexam.②(2021·全国乙卷)Whenshereachedonenurse,shetriedtopressafive­poundnoteintoherhand.③Ihadn'tplayedanoteinthreeyears.④(熟词生义)Shenotedthathewasnotwearinghisring.5．scoren．乐谱；比分；成绩[对点微练]——赏句猜义①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Hisjobistositbesidethepianistandturnthepagesofthescoresothemusiciandoesn'thavetobreaktheflowofsoundbydoingitthemselves.②Hisscoreonthereadingtestwasverydisappointing.③Wewonthefootballgamewithascoreof4tozero.④(熟词生义)Greatcheerswentupwhenhescoredinthefinalminuteofthegame.◎主题语境培优——词汇库1.galleryn.2.describevt.3.originaladj.4.vividadj.5.betruetolife6.passdownfromonegenerationtothenext7.highstandardofcraftsmanship8.playmusicalinstruments9.dancetomusic10.haveaneyefor11.onexhibition12.shapeone'scharacter13.showaninterestin14.traditionalfolkart15.Chineselandscapepainting[自主核对区]1.画廊2.描写；叙述3.首创的；最初的4.生动的；逼真的；鲜明的5.反映现实生活；栩栩如生6.代代相传7.高水准的工艺8.演奏乐器9.伴着音乐跳舞10.对……有鉴赏力11.在展示中12.塑造某人的性格13.表现出对……的兴趣14.传统的民间艺术15.中国山水画Part2写作句式迁移1．not...but...结构[课本原句]Artisnotwhatyousee,butwhatyoumakeotherssee.艺术不是你看到了什么，而是你让别人看到了什么。(1)“not...but...”是一个连词词组，意为“不是……而是……”，连接两个并列的成分，表示意思上的转折，not后接被否定的内容，but后面接被认可的事实；(2)“not...but...”连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词要与紧靠它的主语在人称和数上保持一致。【佳句】ItisnotIbutyouthatshouldapologiseforthemistake.应该为这个错误道歉的不是我而是你。【点津】除了not...but...外，遵循“就近原则”的还有：either...or...，neither...nor...，notonly...butalso...等。[写作迁移]——微写作①他很生气不是因为我们迟到了，而是因为我们弄出了声响。Hewasangry___________________________．②我们班歌唱得最好的不是汤姆而是他的哥哥。Itis___________________________thatsingsbestinourclass.③她不是一名医生而是一名演员。Sheis____________________________________．2．独立主格结构[课本原句]ButBeethovencontinuedconducting,hisheadburiedinthescore.但贝多芬的头还埋在乐谱里继续指挥。独立主格结构是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构，在形式上与主句没有关系，在句中主要起状语作用，相当于一个状语从句。独立主格结构基本构成形式：(1)名词(代词)＋动词­ing形式(表示主动和正在进行)(2)名词(代词)＋过去分词(表示被动和已完成)(3)名词(代词)＋动词不定式(表示将要发生的动作)(4)名词(代词)＋形容词/副词/介词短语(用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态eq\o(）,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Inthedistance,elephantswereeatinggrass,earsflappinglazilyastheymovedslowlyovertheplains.远处，大象正在吃草，耳朵懒洋洋地拍打着，慢慢地在平原上移动。[写作迁移]——微写作①他拼命地叫喊着，眼泪扑簌簌地从他的面颊流下。Hescreamed,__________________．②没有公共汽车，我们只好步行回家。___________________________,wehadtowalkhome.③天气允许的话，我们明天打算去看你。___________________________,wearegoingtovisityoutomorrow.④所有的事情考虑在内，你最好邀请他参加你的生日聚会。___________________________，you'dbetterinvitehimtoyourbirthdayparty.单句语法填空1．TheUnitedKingdomisastatelocatedatnorth­westEurope,whichis