2025届高考英语二轮复习强化专练考点04阅读理解议论文及夹叙夹议文含解析

考点04阅读理解争论文及夹叙夹议文Passage1（2024·河北高三月考）Robotsaregettingbetteratdoinghumanjobs.That'sprobablygoodfortheeconomy—buttherearesomeseriousdownsides,too.Machinesareexpectedtodisplaceabout20millionmanufacturingjobsacrosstheworldoverthenextdecade,accordingtoareportreleasedbyOxfordEconomics,aglobalforecastingandquantitativeanalysisfirm.Thatmeansabout8.5%oftheglobalmanufacturingworkforcecouldbedisplacedbyrobots.Thereportalsonotesthatthemovetorobotstendstocreatenewjobsasfastasitautomatesthem;however,itcouldcontributetoincomeinequality.Theuseofrobotsisontherise:atthispoint,everynewrobotthatisinstalled(安装)displaces1.6manufacturingworkersonaverage,accordingtotheOxfordEconomicmodel.Robotsarebecomingcheaperthanmanyhumanworkers,inpartbecauseofthefallingcostsofmachines.Andtheyareincreasinglycapableoffunctioninginmorecomplexprocessesandvariedcontexts.Ontopofthat,thedemandformanufacturedgoodsisrising.Onepotentialdownsizetotherobotrevolution:automationcouldincreaseincomeinequality."Thisgreatdisplacementwillnotbeevenlydistributedaroundtheworld,orwithincountries,"accordingtothereport."Ourresearchshowsthatthenegativeeffectsofrobotizationaredisproportionately(不成比例地)feltinthelower-incomeregionscomparedwithhigher-incomeregionsofthesamecountry."Theworkerswhodriveknowledgeandinnovationwithinthemanufacturingindustrytendtobeconcentratedinlargercities,andthoseskillsarehardertoautomate.That'swhyurbanareaswilldealbetterwiththeincreasedautomation,accordingtothereport.Onthewhole,theincreaseduseofautomationwilllikelycreatenewjobsatapacecomparabletothejobsthatwillbelost,whichcancelsoutfearsaboutpermanentjobdestruction,accordingtotheOxfordstudy.Thatsaid,thepoorerregionsthatareexpectedtolosethemostjobswillprobablynotbenefitequallyfromthisnewjobcreationduetoagapinskills.Thatwillleadtoincreasedincomeinequalitybetweencitiesandruralareas,aswellasbetweenregions.1．What"downside"doestheauthormainlydiscuss?A．Peoplewillnotbeabletofindjobsinthefuture.B．Robotswillfinallytaketheplaceofpeople.C．Displacementbyrobotswillincreaseincomeinequality.D．Robotsarebecomingcheaperthanmanyhumanworkers.2．Whatdotheworkersneedtodotocompetewithrobotsinthefuture?A．Tomakerobotshelpthemwiththeharderwork.B．Toimprovetheirinnovativeabilityandknowledge.C．Tomovetolargercitiesormoredevelopedcountries.D．Tomaketheirskillsfasterandeasiertobeautomated.3．Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A．Theincreaseduseofautomationwillcreatemorejobs.B．Peopleneedn'tworryaboutpermanentjobdestruction.C．Thepoorercountrieswillnotbenefitfromautomation.D．Theincomegapbetweencitiesandruralregionswillwiden.4．Whatcanweconcludefromthepassage?A．Robotsshouldbebannedinthefuturebecauseofthedisadvantages.B．Robotscandomoreandbetterthanhumansincomplicatedprocesses.C．Theincreasingneedformanufacturedgoodspartlycontributestorobotization.D．Thenegativeeffectsofrobotizationwillbeevenlydistributedaroundtheworld.【答案】1．C2．B3．D4．C【分析】这是一篇争论文。文章主要讲解并描述了机器人越来越擅长做人类的工作。这可能对经济有好处，但也有一些严峻的负面影响。1．细微环节理解题。依据文章第五段“Onepotentialdownsizetotherobotrevolution:automationcouldincreaseincomeinequality.”（机器人革命的一个潜在缩减:自动化可能会加剧收入不同等。）可知，机器人的替代将加剧收入不同等。故选C。2．细微环节理解题。依据文章第六段“Theworkerswhodriveknowledgeandinnovationwithinthemanufacturingindustrytendtobeconcentratedinlargercities,andthoseskillsarehardertoautomate.That'swhyurbanareaswilldealbetterwiththeincreasedautomation,accordingtothereport.”（在制造业中推动学问和创新的工人往往集中在较大的城市，而这些技能更难实现自动化。报告称，这就是为什么城市地区将更好地应对自动化程度提高的缘由。）可知，工人须要提高他们的创新实力和学问，以在将来与机器人竞争。故选B。3．主旨大意题。依据文章最终一段“Thatwillleadtoincreasedincomeinequalitybetweencitiesandruralareas,aswellasbetweenregions.”（这将导致城市和农村以及地区之间的收入不同等加剧。）可知，最终一段主要讲解并描述了城乡收入差距进一步扩大。故选D。4．推理推断题。依据文章第四段“Ontopofthat,thedemandformanufacturedgoodsisrising.”（除此之外，对制成品的需求也在上升。）可推知，对制成品日益增长的需求在确定程度上推动了机器人化。故选C。Passage2（（2024·河北石家庄市·石家庄二中高三期中）Iwasspeakingtothefaculty(全体老师)atJohnF.KennedyElementarySchoolinCanton,Massachusetts,acoupleweeksago.Iarrivedearlyanddecidedtotakeawalk.TherewasaLittleLeaguefieldnearby.Ispottedasignonthefence.Thesign,postedbytheCantonLittleLeague,read:PLEASEREMEMBER·Thesearekids.·Thisisagame.·Thecoachesvolunteer.·Youdon’tplayfortheRedSox(anAmericanprofessionalbaseballteam).Ihadtolaugh,especiallyatthejokeabouttheRedSox.ButIthinkthesignisagoodremindertoeveryoneconnectedwithyouthsports－kids,parents,coachesandthefolkswhoruntheleagues－whatisimportantaboutthegames.First,kidswhoplayarejustkids.Theyarenotminiprofessionalathletes.Soyouthsportsleaguesandcoachesshouldtakeiteasyonthem.Kidsdon’tneedlongschedulesandlotsoffarawaygamesorhigh-pressuretournaments.Adultsshouldtrytosetupyouthleaguessomorekidsplaywithandagainstkidsfromnearbyschoolsandneighborhoods.Theyshouldmakeiteasierforkidstoplayasportforjustafewmonthssothattheycantryothersports.Kidsshouldn’tplayonesportyear-round.Andeveryoneshouldstopworryingaboutwhichteamwinsorloses.Afriendofminewhocoachedalotofyouthteamsoncetoldme,“Whenyoucoachkids,it’snothowmanyyouwinorlose,buthowmanysignupfornextseason.”AccordingtotheAspenInstitute’slatest“StateofPlay”report,fewerkidsaresigningup.Researchindicatesasmallerpercentageofkidsages6to12(37percent)areplayingteamsportsonaregularbasisthanin2011(42percent).Theaimofyouthsportsshouldbetohavefun,learnsomeskillsandenjoybeingpartofateam.Whenwelosesightofthosesimplegoals,thegamessuffer,andthekidsstayaway.Maybein2024everyfieldorgymwherekidsplayshouldhaveasignliketheoneinCanton.Allyouwouldhavetodoischangethenameoftheteam.5．Howmighttheauthorfeelseeingthesignonthefence?A．Relieved. B．Worried. C．Confident. D．Disappointed.6．What’stheauthor’sadviceforadults?A．Goeasyonkids. B．Chooseyouthleaguescarefully.C．Encouragekidstosticktoonesport. D．Makeayear-roundscheduleforkids.7．WhatcanbeinferredfromtheAspenInstitute’sreport?A．Kidstodayarelessathletic.B．Feweryouthleaguesarebeingsetup.C．Youthgroupsportsarelosingpopularity.D．Kidsarefocusingmoreonsucceedingthantrying.8．Whatistheauthortryingtodointhelastparagraph?A．Givepraise. B．Expressawish.C．Offersympathy. D．Showdetermination.【答案】5．A6．A7．C8．B【分析】这是一篇争论文。作者在一所校内的围墙上看到一家青年运动联盟的牌子，探讨青少年团队体育项目的目的在于参与和快乐而不是输赢，不应当过度强调竞技结果。5．推理推断题。依据牌子内容的下一段中“ButIthinkthesignisagoodremindertoeveryoneconnectedwithyouthsports－kids,parents,coachesandthefolkswhoruntheleagues－whatisimportantaboutthegames.”（但是我认为这个标记牌是一个很好的提示，提示和青年运动相关的全部人-孩子，家长，教练以及经营这些团体的人们，关于运动，最重要的是什么。）由此可知，作者很赞同牌子的内容和意义，再结合选项，作者应当是感到欣慰。故选A。6．细微环节理解题。依据倒数第四段中“Theyshouldmakeiteasierforkidstoplayasportforjustafewmonthssothattheycantryothersports.”（成年人应当让孩子们一种运动仅玩几个月这件事更简单点，这样他们可以尝试其他的运动。）由此可知，成年人对孩子应当宽容些，允许他们参与不同的运动，为他们运动供应便利，故选A。

7．推理推断题。依据倒数第三段中“AccordingtotheAspenInstitute’slatest“StateofPlay”report,fewerkidsaresigningup.Researchindicatesasmallerpercentageofkidsages6to12(37percent)areplayingteamsportsonaregularbasisthanin2011(42percent).”（依据Aspen机构最新“运动状态”探讨报告，越来越少的孩子报名参与青年运动团体。）探讨表明，只有很小的比例-37%年龄在6到12岁之间的孩子定期参与团体远动，而这个比例在2011年是42%。由此可知，参与团体体育项目的孩子数量在削减。故选C。8．推理推断题。依据最终一段“Maybein2024everyfieldorgymwherekidsplayshouldhaveasignliketheoneinCanton.”（或许在2024年，每一个孩子运动的运动场地都应当有一个像Canton这个机构一样的标牌。）由此可知，这是作者表达的一种个人愿望，希望运动场所都能学习Canton这个机构。故选B。

Passage3（2024·山东高三月考）Whentalkingabouttheeconomicsofonlinepublishing,thefirstthingtorememberisthatjobNo.1isn’ttogetthenewstoyou.Rather,itistomonetizeyou,bysellingyouoff,inrealtime,tothehighestbidder.Thishappenseverytimeyouclickonalink,beforethepagehasevenstartedtoloadonyourphone.Onceuponatime,ifyouandIbothvisitedthesamewebpageatthesametimeusingthesamewebbrowser,wewouldendupseeingthesamething.Today,however,analmostunthinkablyenormousecosystemofscriptsandcookiesandoftenastonishinglypersonalinformationisusedtoshowyouasetofbrandmessagesandsaleslinkswhicharetailoredalmostuniquelytoyou.Thatecosystemraisesimportantquestionsaboutprivacy—thewaythattheminuteyoulookatapairofshoesonline,forinstance,theythenstartfollowingyouaroundeveryotherwebsiteyouvisitforweeks.Butwhetherornotyouvalueyourprivacy,youaredamaged,daily,bythesheerweightofallthattechnology.Onlineadshavenevergotlessannoyingovertime,andyoucanbesurethatmobileadsaregoingtogetmoreannoyingaswell,onceSiliconValleyhasworkedouthowtobetteridentifywhoyouare.Themovetogreaterprivacyprotectionsmighthelpslowthepacewithwhichsuchtechnologiesareadopted.Butthere’snorealistichopethatwebsiteswillactuallyimprovefromhere.Ifyouwanttoavoidthedreadfulexperienceofthemobileweb,you’llonlyhaveonechoice—whichistostartreadingyourarticlesnatively,intheFacebookorAppleNewsapp.Butitwon’tbeFacebookandApplewhokilledthenewsbrands.It’llbeadtech.9．Whatwillhappeniftwopeopleclickonthesamelinktoday?A．Theywillimmediatelygetthenewsthattheywant.B．Theywillseethesamethingwhenevertheybrowse.C．Theywillseedifferentbrandmessagesandsaleslinks.D．Theywillberecommendedtothesamebidder.10．Whycantheonlineadssendyouthelinksuniquetoyou?A．Becausetheecosystemknowswhoyouare.B．Becausetheyknowhowtoidentifywhoyouare.C．Becauseyoudon’tcareaboutyourprivacy.D．Becauseyoualwaysusethesamewebbrowser.11．Howcouldweprotectourprivacyagainstmobileads?A．Byslowingthepacewithsuchtechnologies.B．Byimprovingthewebsitefunctions.C．Bystoppingusingthemobilephones.D．Byreadingarticlesinspecificapps.12．What’stheauthor’sattitudetotheadtech?A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Unconcerned. D．Optimistic.【答案】9．C10．B11．D12．A【分析】本文是争论文，文章批判智能设备中植入的广告科技给读者带来一系列的隐患，侵扰了人们的隐私。9．推理推断题。题干强调的是“today”。依据第一段最终一句“Today,however,analmostunthinkablyenormousecosystemofscriptsandcookiesandoftenastonishinglypersonalinformationisusedtoshowyouasetofbrandmessagesandsaleslinkswhicharetailoredalmostuniquelytoyou”（然而，今日，一个几乎无法想象的巨大的脚本和cookie的生态系统，以及常常令人惊讶的个人信息被用来向你显示一组品牌信息和销售链接，这些几乎是为你量身定制的。）可推知，现在假如两个人点击同一链接，他们会看到不同的广告和销售链接，这些广告和信息是依据他们的个人信息推送的，故选C项。10．推理推断题，依据第三段“Onlineadshavenevergotlessannoyingovertime,andyoucanbesurethatmobileadsaregoingtogetmoreannoyingaswell,onceSiliconValleyhasworkedouthowtobetteridentifywhoyouare.”（在线广告从来没有随着时间的推移变得不那么烦人，而你可以确定的是，一旦硅谷找到了更好地识别你是谁的方法，移动广告也会变得更烦人。）可知，硅谷（技术）可以更好地确定你的个人信息，因此在线广告能给你发送独特的链接。故选B项。11．推理推断题。依据最终一段“Ifyouwanttoavoidthedreadfulexperienceofthemobileweb,you’llonlyhaveonechoice—whichistostartreadingyourarticlesnatively,intheFacebookorAppleNewsapp”（假如你想避开可怕的移动网络体验，你只有一个选择，那就是起先在Facebook或苹果新闻应用程序上原生阅读你的文章。）可知要想避开链接广告的烦扰只能在某些固定的应用程序上阅读文章，故选D项。12．推理推断题。依据整篇文章描述，可判知作者对链接广告很是烦扰，尤其最终一段最终一句“Butitwon’tbeFacebookandApplewhokilledthenewsbrands.It’llbeadtech.”（但杀死新闻品牌的不会是Facebook和苹果。它将是广告技术。）可知真正起到破坏作用的是“adtech”，由此推知，作者对此持反对看法，故选A项。Passage4（2024·渝中区·重庆巴蜀中学高三月考）Iftherewereanapponyourphonethatcouldimproveyourmemory,wouldyoutryit?Whowouldn'twantabettermemory?Afterall,ourmemoriesarefragileandcanbeimpaired(损害)bydiseases,injuries,mentalhealthconditionsandaging.Amultibillion-dollarindustryforbraintrainingalreadycapitalizesonthisperceivedneedbyprovidinganabundanceofappsforphonesandtabletsthatprovidementalchallengesthatareeasilyaccessibleandrelativelyinexpensive.However,braintraininghasbecomeacontroversialattempt.Someresearchershaveexpresseddeepreservationsaboutbothitsreliabilityanditsvalidity.Therewasevenastatementissuedcallingbraintrainingintoquestion,which,inturn,resultedinacounterresponsefromresearcherswhodefendedit.Themaincontroversiescenteraroundtheextenttowhichthepracticeoftheseskillsresultsinactualbenefitsthatareconsequentialforyourdailylife.Doesrecallinganincreasingnumberofdigits(数字)helpyouremembertotakeyourmedication,dobetteronaschoolexam,rememberthenameofthepersonwhomyoumetyesterdayorevenmakebetterlifechoices?Somescientistsquestionwhetherthisisevenpossible.Othersarguethatweshouldconsiderthebrainlikeourmuscles,whichcanbeexercisedandstrengthened.Inthisanalogy(类比),dailychallenges,evendemandingonessuchasreadingadetailednewspaperarticleorsolvinganalgebraproblem,mightnotbesufficientlychallengingtofurnishanadequatework-outforthebrain.Justasathletesengageinstrengthandconditioningbyrepeatedlyexercisingcertainmusclegroupsandbodysystems,targetedrepetitionofmemoryexercisesmaybethekeytostrengtheningaridconditioningourmemoryprocesses.Memorytrainingappsrequiretrackingalargenumberofobjectswhileoneisdistractedwithasecondarytask(suchasmakingmentalcalculations).Thatdegreeofdifficultyandrepetition,however,mayberareindailylife,whichisthegapthatmemoryappsaimtofill.13．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“capitalizeson”inparagraph2probablymean?A．Providesmoneyfor. B．Takesadvantageof.C．Takesnoticeof. D．Makesupfor.14．Whatisresearchers’attitudetowardsbraintraining?A．Theythinkitshouldbetotallybanned.B．Theyareoptimisticaboutitseffectiveness.C．Theyaredividedonitspracticalbenefitsinreallife.D．Theyagreethatitwillposechallengestoourdailylife.15．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestinthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Challengesindailylifeprovideenoughexerciseforthebrain.B．Memorytrainingappsmayhelpstrengthenourbrain.C．Regularphysicalexercisecanboostourmentalcapacity.D．Braintrainingmaynotachieveitsdesiredeffects.16．Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthispassage?A．Toprovetheimportanceofbraintraining.B．Toanalyzethebenefitsandrisksofbraintraining.C．Todiscussthereliabilityofmemorytraining.D．Topromoteappsthataretargetedatmemorytraining.【答案】13．B14．C15．B16．C【分析】本文是争论文。作者探讨了大脑训练的可信度。13．词句揣测题。从其次段的内容“Amultibillion-dollarindustryforbraintrainingalreadycapitalizesonthisperceivedneedbyprovidinganabundanceofappsforphonesandtabletsthatprovidementalchallengesthatareeasilyaccessibleandrelativelyinexpensive.”可知，一个价值数十亿美元的大脑训练产业已经capitalizeson这种感知需求，为手机和平板电脑供应了大量的应用程序，这些应用程序供应了简单获得且相对便宜的心理挑战。依据语境可知，一个数十亿美元的大脑训练产业利用了这种感知需求。由此推知，划线词组意为“利用”故选B项。14．细微环节理解题。依据文章第四段的内容“Themaincontroversiescenteraroundtheextenttowhichthepracticeoftheseskillsresultsinactualbenefitsthatareconsequentialforyourdailylife.”可知，主要的争议集中在练习这些技巧能给你的日常生活带来多大的实际好处。由此可知，对于它在现实生活中的实际好处，探讨者们存在分歧。故选C项。15．推理推断题。文章倒数其次段说现实生活中的挑战，不足以为我们的大脑供应足够的训练，结合最终一段“Memorytrainingappsrequiretrackingalargenumberofobjectswhileoneisdistractedwithasecondarytask(suchasmakingmentalcalculations).Thatdegreeofdifficultyandrepetition,however,mayberareindailylife,whichisthegapthatmemoryappsaimtofill.”可知，记忆训练应用程序须要追踪大量的物体，而一个人被次要任务分散留意力(比如进行心算)。然而，这种难度和重复程度在日常生活中可能很少见，而这正是内存应用程序想要填补的缺口。由此推知，记忆训练应用程序可能有助于增加我们的大脑。故选B项。16．推理推断题。依据全文内容可得知，作者探讨了科学界对大脑训练这一做法的有效性的不同看法及其缘由。由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了探讨记忆训练的牢靠性。故选C项。Passage5（2024·南昌县莲塘第一中学高三月考）Thestorybeganwithayoungmotherwhohadthreesons.Unfortunately,theyoungestsondevelopedslowthinkingskills,nothavingtheintelligenceofhisbrothers.Withdoubledutyasthemotherofthehousehold,shewasexhausted,sothattheyoungestwasoftenthegargetofangerandannoyance.Badwords,suchas“youlittlefool”andthelike,servedasadailymealfortheyoungest.Thewordsandcurseshegotfromthemotherandridiculefromfriendsconvincedhimthathewasdistressingandembarrassinghisfamily.Everymorninghewokeupwithhisownfacestaringfromthemirrorreflection,hestartedtosayquietlyandsadly,“Thefoolisgoingtoschool.”Asadultcitizens,therewascompulsorymilitaryservicewhichshouldbelived.Thus,theyoungestsonalsosignedupandstartedtofollowthevarioustests:amedical,physicalabilitytestandothertests.Onthedayoftheannouncement,hewascalledintotheboardofexaminers.Inhismind,heconvincedhimselfthathewasthefoolandcouldn’tpasstheteststhistimeasheenteredtheroomwithhisheaddown.Itwasnotexpectedatall.Theteststurnedouttohavethehighestpraisefromtheboardofexaminers.“Congratulations,youngman!Yourtestresultsareincredible!Youarereallyagreatandtalentedyoungman.”Wordsfromtheboardofexaminersbecamethediscoveryofanewsideofhimselfthatwasnotknowninadvance.Voicekeptechoinginhismind,suchas“I,thegreatman,amintheshower”,“thegreatmanwasheshisface”,“Thetalentedyoungmanagainbrusheshisteeth”andsoon.Confidenceandimprovedself-imagecamebeyondusual.20yearslater,theyoungestestablishedhimselfasasuccessfulbusinessmanwhowasadmiredandrespected,andreceivedmanyawards.Themindsetandbeliefarethepowerbehindthesuccessthatiswithinus.Whateverwethinkandbelieveinormindcontinuously,itwilleventuallymaterializeinreality.That’stheuniversallyapplicablelaw.17．Whywastheyoungestoftenscoldedbyhismother?A．Hewasnotascleverashisbrother.B．Heconsideredhimselftobeafool.C．Hedidn’tbehavehimselfatschool.D．Hedidn’tcookmealsforhismother.18．Fromthestoryweknowthattheyoungmotheris____.A．selfishandlazy B．gentleandcaringC．ill-temperedandimpatient D．kind-heartedanddiligent19．Whathappenedtotheyoungestsonlateron?A．Hereceivedaidfromothers.B．Hebecameanadmirablepsychologist.C．Hebecameconfidentandsuccessful.D．Hedevelopedstrangementaldiseases.20．Fromthispassage,theauthormainlytellsusthat____.A．Militaryservicecanchangeapersoncompletely.B．Mothersshouldtreateverychildequally.C．Evenafoolcanbecomeasuccessfulbusinessman.D．Thinkbigandyouwillgetbigresults.【答案】17．A18．C19．C20．D【分析】这是一篇夹议夹叙文。作者通过简要讲解并描述一则三个孩子的家庭，小儿子在成长中的经验，向我们表达了来自别人的认可有助树立信念，在主动的心理示意的帮助下，信任自己能够成就一番大事，这是成功的重要前提之一。17．细微环节理解题。依据“Unfortunately,theyoungestsondevelopedslowthinkingskills,nothavingtheintelligenceofhisbrothers.（不幸的是，最小的儿子发展缓慢的思维技能，没有他的兄弟们的智力。）”可知，小儿子不如大儿子聪慧，因此常常成为被妈妈生气的对象。故选A项。18．推理推断题。依据其次段“Withdoubledutyasthemotherofthehousehold,shewasexhausted,sothattheyoungestwasoftenthegargetofangerandannoyance.（由于家务繁重，这位母亲身心俱疲，于是总是对不如其它兄弟聪慧的最小的儿子发脾气）”可知，这位母亲缺乏耐性，脾气也不够好。故选C项。19．推理推断题。依据倒数第三段“Confidenceandimprovedself-imagecamebeyondusual.（自信并且提高了的自我形象超出了平常的状态。）”可知，小儿子受到四周环境的影响，变得自信起来；以及依据倒数其次段“20yearslater,theyoungestestablishedhimselfasasuccessfulbusinessmanwhowasadmiredandrespected,andreceivedmanyawards.（20年后，这位最年轻的儿子成为了一名成功的商人，受到人们的敬佩和敬重，并获得了很多奖项。）”可知，最小的儿子变得很成功。故选C项。20．目的意图题。阅读全文以及最终一段“Themindsetandbeliefarethepowerbehindthesuccessthatiswithinus.Whateverwethinkandbelieveinormindcontinuously,itwilleventuallymaterializeinreality.That'stheuniversallyapplicablelaw.（心态和信念是我们成功背后的力气。无论我们始终在想什么、信任什么、想什么，最终都会在现实中实现。这是普遍适用的法律。）”可知，通过文章作者告知我们，只要信任自己是了不得的人最终才能取得成功。故选D项。Passage6（（2024·四川成都市·北大附中成都为明学校高三月考）ItwasonApril14th,2010thatmyentirelifechangedinaninstant.OnemomentIwasjoyfullyridingthroughthesunshine.Thenextmoment,metal,fleshandboneswerespreadingagainstthepavementinathunderouscrash.Anothercyclist,bikingcarelessly,hadcutmeoffandsentmesupermanningtowardoncomingtraffic.Asiftosymbolizetheaccidentthathadhitmylife,anotherdisasteralsooccurredonApril14th,2010.Itcosttheairlineindustry$1.7billion.Tenmilliontravelerswerestuckfordays.Economicsallovertheworldweredisturbed.ThiswastheeruptionofEyjafjallajokull,oneofIceland’smanyvolcanoes.However,volcanoesarenotallbad.Infact,theyarenecessary.Theyareresponsibleforthebirthofnewearth,andforthecreationofrichsoil.Thiseruptiongaveoff0.15milliontonsofcarbondioxideintotheatmospheredaily.Butcancelling48%oftheworld’sflighttravelsavedabout2.8milliontonsofCO2fromenteringtheatmosphere,temporarilydecreasingourcarbonfootprint.Similarly,theaccidenthadbadlyaffectedmyemotionbutitalsoallowedmetolookmorecloselyinsidemyselfanddiscoverthingsaboutmyselfIwouldneverhaverealized.Ilearnedhownottojudgemyselfformynewlimitations.In1973,anotherIcelandicvolcano,Eldfell,brokeout.Icelandersdecidedtobombitwithcoldwateruntilitfrozeandchoseadifferentpath.Aftertheirplanworked,theyusedthegeothermal(地热的)energyforthenext15yearstoheattheirhomes.Agoodexampleoflifebringinglemons,andmakinglemonade!Onemustmoveonfrommisfortunes,focusingonlyonthepresentmomentandbeinghopefulforthefuture.IranfromApril14th,2010toeverykindofescape.EventuallyIendedupinuniversityforanewfoundloveinEarthsciences.25．WhathappenedtothewriteronApril14th,2010?A．Hewasinvolvedinacarcrash.B．Hewitnessedavolcaniceruption.C．Hewasbadlyinjuredonabikeride.D．HewasstuckinanIceland’sairport.26．WhichwasaneffectoftheeruptionofEyjafjallajokull?A．Theworldeconomysufferedbadly.B．Carbondioxideincreasedtemporarily.C．Alloftheworld’splaneswereheldup.D．TheearthinIcelandwasterriblypolluted.27．WhydidthewritermentiontheEldfellvolcano?A．Itencouragedhimtorecoverquickly.B．ItbrokeoutinIcelandonApril14thaswell.C．ItprovedmorevolcanoeshappenedinIceland.D．Itshowedushowtomakethebestofagivensituation.28．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．EscapefromVolcanoes B．LoveforEarthSciencesC．AttitudeTowardNature D．InspirationfromDisasters【答案】25．C26．A27．D28．D【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者把自己遭受突发事务和火山爆发这种自然灾难进行类比，说明遭受到不幸也并非都是坏事，面对现实状况要乐观主动，坏事也可以变成好事。25．细微环节理解题。依据文章第一段中的“Thenextmoment,metal,fleshandboneswerespreadingagainstthepavementinathunderouscrash.”（紧接着，金属、肉和骨头在雷鸣般的碰撞声中散落在人行道上。）和“Anothercyclist,bikingcarelessly,hadcutmeoffandsentmesupermanningtowardoncomingtraffic.”（另一个骑自行车的人漫不经心地骑着自行车，把我挡在了前面，把我逼向迎面而来的车流）可知，一个马虎的骑车人撞到了作者，他遭受了事故，受伤严峻。故选C。26．细微环节理解题。依据文章其次段中的“Economicsallovertheworldweredisturbed.”（全世界的经济都受到了干扰。）可知，艾雅法拉火山爆发后，全世界的经济都受到了干扰，即火山的爆发使全球经济受损。故选A。27．推理推断题。依据文章第五段中的“Aftertheirplanworked,theyusedthegeothermal(地热的)energyforthenext15yearstoheattheirhomes.”（在他们的安排成功后，他们在接下来的15年里运用地热能为他们的家庭供暖。），并结合“Onemustmoveonfrommisfortunes，focusingonlyonthepresentmomentandbeinghopefulforthefuture.”（一个人必需从不幸中走出来，只关注当下，对将来充溢希望。）可推知，我们应当充分利用特定的环境，将坏事变为好事。故选D。28．主旨大意题。本文作者通过讲解并描述自己遭受和火山爆发带来的好处及坏处，启示人们要主动应对现实状况。D项：InspirationfromDisasters（灵感来自灾难）符合题意。故选D。Passage7（2024·南昌县莲塘第一中学高三月考）It’softensaidofBritishpeoplethattheyareveryawareofeachother’ssocialrank.Britonscanusuallyworkoutafellowcountryman’sbackgroundfromthewaytheyspeakordress,andmayeventreatthemdifferentlybasedonthis.Butalthoughthismayhavebeentruerinthepastthanitistoday.VisitorstoBritainsaythattheystillnoticeit.ThecomicplayPygmalionbytheIrishmanGeorgeBernardShaw(1856-1950),isafamousexplorationoftheimportanceofsocialrankinBritishsociety.Themainstoryoftheplayconcernsaworkingclassgirl,ElizaDoolittle,aflowersellerfromLondon.TwoupperclassgentlementrytoseeiftheycangetDoolittletoappearlikeanupperclassladyaftersendingherforelocutionlessons.ProfessorHenryHiggins,alanguageexpert,saysitcanbedone;hisfriendColonelPickeringsaysthatit’simpossible.Evenso,HigginssetsouttoteachElizahowto“speakproperly”.OfcourseElizaisn’talumpofclay;shehasherownwill.Shecanseethatit’sinherbestinteresttogoalongwithHiggin’splanto“improveherself”.Shewantstobeabletosellflowersinashopratherthanonthestreet.Still,Eliza’swillfulnessmeansthatit’sabumpy（坎坷的）rideforeveryone.Atthebeginningoffourthact,thecharactersareathomeafteraball（舞会）,atwhichElizaprovedthataflowergirlcanpassherselfoffasaladyafterall.Shewasatriumphatthebal