2025年1月上海市春季高考模拟英语试卷试题二（含答案解析）

绝密★启用前2025年1月上海市春季高考英语仿真模拟试卷02（笔试部分）I.GrammarandVocabulary（每题1分；共20分）SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Overthepastdecadeorso,biologistshaveshownthatwearefilledwithmicrobiomes(微生物组),insideandout.Thismicrobiome,1(compose)ofbacteria,fungiandviruses,profoundlyinfluencesourhealthandfitnessandsometimesisevenlinkedtoouremotionalstate.Theoralmicrobiomegetsfarlessattention,butwe2(know)ofitforalongtime.In1891,USdentistWilloughbyD．Millerfirstproposedthatbacteriacouldleavethemouth,traveltootherpartsofthebodyandcausedisease.Weonlybegantogetsupportingevidencein1989,whenresearchersnoticedthatpeoplewhohadexperiencedaheartattackwereratedashavingoralhealththatwasabouttwiceaspooras3ofacontrolgroup.Evenwhenage,socialclassandsmokinghabits4(account)possiblefactors,theresultsremainedalmostthesame.Asolidlinkseemedtobethere.Morerecently,thankstoDNAsequencingtechnology,bycataloguingthemicrobesinourmouths,wearenowfindingthatthetypesofbacteriapeoplehave5(live)thereseemtobeassociatedwithagrowingnumberofconditionslikecancer.PerhapsthemoststrikingexampleisAlzheimer’sdisease.Itcanbefoundthatpeoplewithgum(牙龈)diseaseare6increasedriskofdevelopingthiscondition,whichslowlyrobspeopleoftheirmemories,personalitiesandcognitivefunction.However,untilrecently,itwasunclear7poororalhealthwasacontributingcauseofAlzheimer’soraconsequenceofit.Then,in2019,scientistsdiscoveredsomespeciesofbacteriaknown8(cause)gumdisease—includingonecalledPorphyromonasgingivalis—whichareinsidethebrainsofpeoplewhodiedofAlzheimer’sdisease.Ifthemouthbacteriaweregettingintothebrain,thatlentweighttotheideathattheycouldbeacauseofAlzheimer’s.Researchersarestilltryingtograsphowthiscouldhappen.9themechanismis,theynotethattheremaybeawayyoucanprotectyourselfinadvance.DentalscientistsattheUniversityofMelbourne,Australia,isdevelopingavaccineagainstgumdisease10youcanreducetherisksofgumdiseasessignificantly.SectionBDirections:ineachblankwithathebox.Eachcanbeonlyonce.NotethatisoneyouA．abandon

B．appealing

C．matter

D．foresighted

E.manner

F.maintainG.declining

H.costs

I.rushing

J.aggressive

K.transitionInthisworldofrapidchanges,everythingseemstobepossible.TherewilleventuallycomeadaywhentheNewYorkTimesstopspublishingstoriesonpaper.

Exactlywhenthatdaywillbeisa11ofdebate.“Sometimeinthefuture,”thepaper’spublishersaidbackin2010.Althoughpeoplearenostalgia(怀旧)forinkon

paper,thereareplentyofreasonsto12print.Thebasicfacilitiesrequiredtomakeaphysicalnewspaper,includingprintingpressesanddeliverytrucks,isveryexpensive.Readersarekeepingawayfromprintanyway.Andthoughprintadvertisementsalesstillovertakeonlineandmobilecounterparts,incomefromprintisstill13.Costmaybehighandcirculationlower,but14toeliminateitsprinteditionwouldbeamistake,saysBuzzFeedCEOJonahPetretti.PetrettisaystheTimesshouldn’twastetimegivinguptheprintbusiness,butonlyiftheygoaboutdoingittherightway.“Figuringoutawaytospeedup15makessenseforthem,”hesaid.PetrettigivestheexampleofNetflixdiscountingitsDVD-mailingservicetofocusonstreaming(流媒体).“Itwasonceseenasa(n)mistake.”hesaid.Butthemoveturnedouttobe16.“IfIwereinchargeattheTimes,Iwouldn’tpickayeartoendprint,”Petrettisaid,“Iwouldraisepricesandmakeitintomoreofalegacyproduct,whichhassomeadvantageoveramodernproduct,makingit17forcustomerstokeepitaround.”Asamatteroffact,themostloyalcustomerswouldstillgettheproducttheyfavor.Theideagoes,andthey’dfeellikethattheywerehelping18thequalityofsomethingtheybelievein.Inotherwords,ifyou’regoingtoprintproduct,makeitforthepeoplewhoarealreadyobsessedwithit,whichmaybewhattheTimesisdoingalready.Gettingtheprinteditionsevendaysaweek19nearly$500ayear—morethantwiceasmuchasadigital-onlysubscription.“It’sareallyhardthingtodoandit’satremendousluxurythatBuzzFeeddoesn’thavealegacybusiness,”Petrettiremarked.“Butwe’regoingtohavequestionslikethat.We’redoingthingsthatdon’tmakesensewhenthemarketchangesandsodoestheworld.Inthosesituations,it’sbettertobemore20.Otherwise,wecan’tsurvivethefiercecompetition.II.ReadingComprehension(共45分。41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分)SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA.B.CandD.FillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontextGuiltyPleasures?NoSuchThingWeknowthemwhenweseethem:TheTVshowsandmovieswelove,eventhoughwejustknowthey’rebad.Thetrashybookswesimplycan’t21.Theawfulearwormswehatetolove.Yes,theseareourguiltypleasures—whatsomepeopleconsiderthe22foodinourmediadiets.Butifweenjoythem,whyshouldwefeel23?Weshouldbefreetoenjoywhateverwelike!Andasitturnsout,theseso-called“guilty”pleasurescanactuallybegoodforus,solongasthey’reenjoyedin24.Takingamentalbreakandenjoyingsomethingthatdoesn’trequireintenseintellectual25getsusoutofproblem-solvingmode,saidRobinNabi,aprofessorofcommunicationattheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,whospecializesinmediaeffectsandemotion.Itcanalsoimproveourabilitytoproductivelydealwithstressorsandhelpus26morepositivelywithotherpeople.Ifthat’strue,thenwhydoguiltypleasuresgetsuchabad27?Well,it’snottheaddictionitself,butthe28wehavewhentalkingaboutthem.However,accordingtoexpertslikeDr.Nabi,feelingguiltyaboutordisparaging(贬低)activitiesweenjoycan29thebenefitstheyofferuswhilegettingridofself-imposedembarrassmentaboutourinterestscanbeempoweringandenrichoursociallives,whichiswhyit’stimeto30“guiltypleasure”fromourlistofshames.Oneimportantvalueofaguiltypleasureisthe31itcancreatebetweenpeople.“Theseshowsareoutthereforareason—they’reresonating(令人产生共鸣).Nabisaid.Headdedthattheconnectionswemakewithotherswhoshareourinterestsinsuchthings“isnottobe32.”33,talkingaboutwhatweenjoycaneaseanyremainingguiltandmakesiteasiertodiscovermorethingsthatbringuspleasure.Beingabletotalk34aboutwhatweloveismorethanjustawaytospendthetime，sinceitencouragesustojustifyourneedsandbeourtrueself.Still,it’sbesttofollowtheage-oldadviceourparentstaughtus:Everythinginmoderation.Thoughguiltcanenhancepleasureinsomecases,itcanalsopushustoindulgein35wefeelguiltyaboutinothers.21．A．turndown B．takein C．tearapart D．putdown22．A．junk B．sugary C．spiritual D．transformative23．A．relaxed B．guilty C．helpless D．alert24．A．mass B．moderation C．minimum D．depression25．A．focus B．superiority C．quality D．development26．A．struggle B．charge C．engage D．persevere27．A．breakup B．principle C．condition D．reputation28．A．consciousness B．obligation C．attitudes D．requirements29．A．switch B．receive C．claim D．decrease30．A．remove B．discourage C．distinguish D．prevent31．A．conflict B．difference C．exchange D．bond32．A．established B．underestimated C．found D．strengthened33．A．Inaddition B．Onthecontrary C．Allinall D．Therefore34．A．enthusiastically B．casually C．openly D．politely35．A．theories B．behaviors C．problems D．relationshipsSectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread. (A)AnandMalligavad,knownasthe“LakeMan”inIndia,isamechanicalengineerfromBengaluru.Hehasspenthislifestudyingancienttechniquesforkeepinglakesclean.Maligavadhassuccessfullyrestoredmanylakes,coveringatotalsurfaceareaof800acres.Theselakesnowhold106milliongallonsofwater,andthegroundwaterlevelinthoseregionshasincreasedbyeightfeet.Itwasin2017,andhewasoutforawalkwithcolleagueswhenhefellintoasmelly,dirtylake.Herememberedfromhischildhoodthatthiswasonceacleanlake.Theverynextday,heaskedhiscompanyiftheywouldhelpfundtherestorationofthe36acrelake.However,theywereuncertainwhetherMalligavadcoulddothis.Determinedtosucceed,Malligavadtookituponhimselftostudythehistoryofthelakeandfamiliarizehimselfwithvariouslakerestorationmethods.Fourmonthslater,Malligavadreceivedfundingfromhiscompany,whichenabledhimtostartworkingonthisprojectinthecityofBengaluru.Withtheaidofhundredsofvolunteers,theyremovedthewasteandopenedthechannels.MalligavadthenadoptedtheancientCholamethodtobuildmudwallsthatchanneltheextrarainwaterintothelakesforagriculturaluse.Ittookthemjust45daysandthentheywaitedfortherains.Sixmonthslater,whentherainyseasoncame,hewasoutboatingonafresh,cleanlake.“WhenIsawthelake,Ifeltyounger,andIwantedtojumpintoit,”Malligavadsaid.Sincethisfirstwin,Malligavadhasnotstopped.Hecreatedanon-profitorganizationcalledTheLakeReviversCollective.“AllIhaveisasenseofurgencythatifwedon’trepairthedamagewe’vealreadycaused,”hesaid,“it’sgoingtoendbadlyforallofus.WatershortageisamajorprobleminBengaluru.Watertankersmustdriveintomeetthepopulation’sneeds.”Hismethodshelptosolvetheproblem,andevenattractwildlife.36．WhyisMalligavadprobablycalledthe“LakeMan”inIndia?A．Heisgoodatboatingonlakes.B．Heisdevotedtorecoveringlakes.C．Hecompletedmanylakeadventures.D．Hecreatednewwaysofcleaninguplakes.37．HowdidMalligavadrespondtohiscompany’sdoubt?A．Bydoinglakeresearchtowinsupport.B．Byseekinghelpfromothercompanies.C．Bydiscontinuingtherestorationproject.D．Bymakingthelake’shistorywellknown.38．WhatwordscanbestdescribetheapproachappliedinBengaluru?A．Creativebutcostly. B．Practicalandfruitful.C．Traditionalbutoutdated. D．Challenginganddissatisfying.39．WhatinspiredMalligavadtostartthenon-profitorganization?A．Hisdesiretofundwatertankers.B．Hispassionforwildlifeprotection.C．Thewishtoattractpublicattention.D．Theseriouslackofwaterresources. (B) Thebestwhitenoisemachinesforagoodnight’ssleepSleepiscrucialtohealth.Butdisruptive(扰乱的)noisescanpreventyoufromfallingasleep.Whitenoisemachinescouldhelp,accordingtoonestudy.LectroFanClassicMASKSNOISE:LectroFanClassichelpsblockoutdisruptiveenvironmentalnoises.Itcanhelpimprovesleep,focus,privacy,andrelaxation.20NON-REPEATINGSOUNDS:Atotalof20uniquenon-repeating,digitallycreatedsounds.10fansounds&10whitenoisevariations,includingpink&brownnoise.SAFE:Safe,solid-statedesignispoweredbyAC(交流电)orUSBanddynamicallycreatesunique,non-repeatingsounds.VOLUMECONTROL:Precisevolumecontrolallowsyoutosettheperfectlevelforyouruniqueenvironment.YogasleepRohm+EFFECTIVELYMASKSNOISE:TheRohmeffectivelycancelsoutnoisesthatmaydisturbordistractyouforimprovedsleepandconcentration.GENTLESOUNDS:20differentsoundsincludingmusic,nature,white,pink,andbrownnoise,aswellasBluetoothspeakerfeaturestoallowyoutoplayyourownmusicorsoundsandtomakeaconferencecallontheroadwhenyouneed.CRUSH(压坏)RESISTANT:Stylish,crush-resistanttravelcasefitsperfectlywithYogasleepRohmwhitenoisemachines.BATTERYOPERATED:RechargeablethroughUSB．HatchRest+BESTFORBABIES:Soundmachine—keepyourlittleonedreamingwithsoundslikewhitenoise,wind,andrain.Nightlight—makemidnightfeedingscomfortingandthedarklessscarywithacalminglight.Time-to-Rise—setupthislightandsoundcombinationtoletyourearlyriserknowwhenit’stimetorise.Built-intwo-waysoundmonitor.POWEREDBY:ACandrechargeable.LoftieClockFAVORITECLOCK:LoftieClockusessoundandlightstohelpeaseyouintoandoutofsleep.GENTLYUNWIND:Enjoyover100freetracks,frombreathworkandsoundbathstoallkindsofwhitenoiseandnaturesounds.AI-GENERATEDPERSONALSTORIES:Loftie’sMagicStoryMakerAIhasanupgradedfeaturethatletsyoucreatesleepstorieswithTypeform.ItthenusesChatGPTandElevenLabsAItocraftyourstory.UnlockingtheMagicStoryMakerAIrequiresanupgradetoaLoftie+accountintheapp($5permonth).POWEREDBY:ACpower40．_____isthemostsuitableforJoana,whosebabysleepsinherroom.A．LectroFanClassic B．YogasleepRohm+C．HatchRest+ D．LoftieClock41．IfyouwanttobuyawhitenoisemachineforyourfriendTim,whooftentravelsonbusiness,youneedtopay_____.A．$34.95. B．$40.03. C．$159.99. D．$149.00.42．Whatcanbelearnedaboutthefourwhitenoisemachines?A．Thefourofthemcanallproducewhitenoiseandnaturesounds.B．Oneofthemcanhelpyoucreateyourownsleepstoriesforfree.C．TwoofthemcanbepoweredbybothACandrechargeablebatteries.D．Twoofthemcannotonlyhelpyoufallasleepbutalsowakeyouup. (C)Scientistsarepoorforecastersofthefuture.Buttwotrendscanbeconfidentlypredicted.First,theworldwillgetmorecrowded.Therewillbemorethan9billionpeopleby2050.Second,theworldwillgetwarmerandsomegovernmentswon’tprioritizethelong-termmeasuresneededtodealwithclimatechange,eventhoughscienceoffersusaroad-maptoalow-carbonfuture.That’swhyweshouldbepromotersofnewtechnology—withoutittheworldcan’tprovidethefoodandsustainableenergyneededforanexpandingpopulation.Butweshouldalsobecautious,asnewtechnologies,suchasAI,maybehardtocontrol.AIwillundoubtedlybecomemoreaggressiveinthefuture.Recordsofourmovements,healthandfinancialtransactionswillbestoredinthecloud.Thedatamaybeusedforjustifiablereasons,suchasproteinfoldinganddrugdevelopment,ortowarnusofinitialhealthrisks,butitsavailabilitytoInternetcompaniesisalreadyshiftingthebalanceofpowerfromgovernmentstoglobal-scalecorporations.Actually,it’sbeyondEarththatAIhasthemostenormouspotential.HumansmayhaveestablishedbasesbeyondEarthbytheyear2100.Butdon’teverexpectmassemigration(移民)fromEarth.It’safalsebeliefthatspaceoffersanescapefromourproblems.DealingwithclimatechangeonEarthisapieceofcakecomparedtoterraforming(地球化)Mars.Nevertheless,weshouldcheeronthesebravehumanspaceadventurers.They’llbeill-adaptedtoaMartianhabitat,sothey’llhaveasupermotivetoredesignthemselves.It’sthey,notthoseofusadaptedtolifeonEarth,whowillpioneerthepost-humanera(时代).Ifpost-humansmaketheshiftfromfleshandbloodtofullyartificialintelligence,theywon’tneedanatmosphereofevengravity,soit’sindeepspace—notevenonMarsthatnonbiological“brains”maydeveloppowersthatwecan’timagine.Theymayendupbeingmentallydifferentfromus.AIcouldjump-startahugeemigrationandthusevenmorecomplexintelligencespreadsthroughtheuniverse.Butlet’srefocusfromthesciencefictionofthefarfutureclosertothehereandnow.Thiscenturyisspecial.It’sthefirst,inEarth’s4.5-billion-yearhistorywhereonespecies-ours—holdstheplanet’sfutureinitshands.Ourintelligencecouldinitiatebillionsofyearsofpost-humanevolution(演化),evenmoreamazingthanthatwhichledtous.Ontheotherhand,humanscouldcausebiological,environmentalorcybercatastrophesthatforecloseallthispotential.Ifscienceistosaveus,weneedtothinkglobally,sensiblyandlong-term—empoweredbyscience,butguidedbyvaluesthatsciencealonecan’tprovide.43．Whydoestheauthormentionthetwotrendsinthefirstparagraph?A．Tojustifythegovernments’policies.B．Tocriticizescientists’poorpredictionability.C．Toadvocateforadvancementsintech.D．Tohighlightthechallengesfacedbyscientists.44．Accordingtothispassage,AIcan________.A．putanendtoclimatechangeB．facilitatemasshumanmigrationC．speedupthecompetitioninmedicalfieldsD．bringaboutpotentialthreatsfrombigcompanies45．Asforthefuture,whichofthefollowingwilltheauthoragreewith?A．Post-humanswillechothehistoryofhumans.B．Complexintelligencewilldominatetheuniverse.C．Non-biologicalbrainsmayinviteunknowndisasters.D．Fullyartificialintelligencemayinhabitouterspace.46．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．FutureofHumanity:CouldAISaveUs?B．ChangeorDie:WillScienceLeadFurtherEvolution?C．TowardsaSustainableFuture:WhatCanWeDo?D．UnstoppableTrend:IsComplexIntelligenceComing?SectionCDirections:CompletethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesintheboxEachsentencecanonlybeusedonce.Notethattherearetwosentencesmorethanyouneed.Unlikeso-calledbasicemotionssuchassadness,fear,andanger,guiltemergesalittlelater,inconjunctionwithachild’sgrowinggraspofsocialandmoralnorms.Childrenaren’tbornknowinghowtosay“I’msorry”,rather,theylearnovertimethatsuchstatementsappease(安抚)parentsandfriendsandtheirownconsciences.Thisiswhyresearchersgenerallyregardso-calledmoralguilt,intherightamount,tobeagoodthing.47ItevokesFreud’sideasandreligioushang-ups.Moreimportant,guiltisdeeplyuncomfortable—it’stheemotionalequivalentofwearingajacketweightedwithstones.Whowouldinflictituponachild?Yetthisunderstandingisoutdated.“Therehasbeenakindofrevivalorarethinkingaboutwhatguiltisandwhatroleguiltcanserve,”Vaishsays,addingthatthisrevivalispartofalargerrecognitionthatemotionsaren’tbinaryfeelingsthatmaybeadvantageousinonecontextandmaybeharmfulinanother.Andguilt,bypromptingustothinkmoredeeplyaboutourgoodness,canencouragehumanstocorrecterrorsandfixrelationships.48Itisakindofsocialglue.Viewedinthislight,guiltisanopportunity.WorkbyTinaMalti,apsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofToronto,suggeststhatguiltmaycompensateforanemotionaldeficiency.Inanumberofstudies,Maltiandothershaveshownthatguiltandsympathy(anditsclosecousinempathy)mayrepresentdifferentpathwaystocooperationandsharing.Somekidswhoarelowinsympathymaymakeupforthatshortfallbyexperiencingmoreguilt,whichcancontroltheirimpulses.49Ina2014study,forexample,Maltiandacolleaguelookedat244children,aged4,8,and12.Usingcaregiverassessmentsandthechildren’sself-observations,theyratedeachchild’soverallsympathylevelandhisorhertendencytofeelnegativeemotions(likeguiltandsadness)aftermoraltransgressions(违背).Thenthekidswerehandedstickersandchocolatecoins,andgivenachancetosharethemwithananonymouschild.50Theguilt-proneonessharedmore.However,theymaynotmagicallyhavebecomemoresympathetictotheotherchild’sdeprivation.“That’sgoodnews.”Maltisays,“Wecanbepro-socialbecauseoftheempatheticproclivity(倾向),orbecausewecausedharmandwefeelregret.”A．Andviceversa:Highsympathycansubstituteforlowguilt.B．Themainreasonwhyguiltworkscomesdowntosimplepsychologyandconditioningwereceiveaschildren.C．Forthelow-sympathykids,howmuchtheysharedappearedtoturnonhowlikelytheyweretofeelguilty.D．Guiltisanincrediblypowerfulemotionwhichhasslipbyunnoticedforlong.E．Inthepopularimagination,ofcourse,guiltstillgetsabadreputation.F．Guilt,inotherwords,canhelpholdacooperativespeciestogether.III.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.IsthereacorrelationbetweenhighIQandcreativegenius?Really,thephrasingofthequestioncontradictsverymuchcorrelation,as“creativity”isinnowaymeasuredthroughIQstandardizedtesting,andcreativityisthegreatestdeterminantofageniusas,likeyousay,itisagenius.Innovationuponanysubjectrequiresadrivetocreate.AsonesIQincreases,thereisanincreasedprobabilitythattheyareageniusbecausetheirlevelofcreativityhasahigherprobabilityofascending(升高)themtogeniuslevel.Howeveriftheoddsareagainstthem,thereisanaverageprobabilitythattheyareageniussincetheyareaveragepercentgenius.ThisisbecausegeniusandIQarecomposedofdifferentmentalconstructsasIQmeasuresastandardcomprehensionlevel,whilecreativitymeasuresthewayinwhichthiscomprehensionisused.Forexample,ifyourIQis180,thepercentagethatyouareageniusissubtractedbytheamountofcreativitynecessarytobecomeagenius.Thisisinductiveoftheinfluencethatthebrainhasonawareness.Thebraingainsperceptiveawarenessupon“creatingthoughtsinacontinuouscyclicprocess,andifyouwerevery“intelligent”butcouldnotgeneratethoughts,youcouldnotbeanintellectualbeing.However,onewhoisalivecanneverstopthinking,sothecorrelationofIQandgeniuswouldobjectivelyappearasanegativeexponentialfunction.Therearefewexceptionallycreativepeopleoutthere,justastherearefewexceptionallyintelligentpeople,andonedoesnotoccurwiththeother.Possessingahighlevelofintelligenceisaplatformofunderstandingforthecreativethinkingskillstomakeuporiginality.Whenonebearsinformalthinkingskills,theytypicallyoccupyheightenedintuitiveawareness,andvividimaginativequalities.Criticalthinkingskillsallowonetomakesenseoftheresultantcreativeoutputwithinitssurroundingcontextofknowledge.However,notall“geniuses”fromoursubjectiveintelligencerangenecessarilyhavehighlevelsofcreativity.One'slevelofintelligencecanbesohighthattheirplatformofunderstandinggeneralizesideaswhereageniuswithlowerlevelsofintelligencemustusecreativityinordertoattainasortofqualitativeequivalence.ExamplesofpeoplelikethisthroughouthistoryincludethelikesofJohnvonNeumannandChristopherLangan.51.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________IV.Translation(共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets52．研究小组就阅读习惯实施了一个随机调查。(random)53．尽管有网红受邀为这款产品站台，消费者仍需考虑价格、质量等诸多因素。（account）54．“新中式”服装既能体现中华优秀传统文化魅力，也能融入日常穿搭，正受到年轻一代追捧。(combine)55．现在，上海很多小区都开了便民食堂，这无疑给居民带来了很大的便利，特别是孤寡老人和工作繁忙顾不上做饭的人。(which)V.GuidedWriting(共25分)56．Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假设你是明启中学高三学生赵磊，你的外国朋友William一直对中国文化很感兴趣。近日，他在网上了解到有两个相关的线上节目（节目信息如下表所示），但他对节目选择有些茫然，想听听你的建议。请给William回复一封邮件，邮件内容须包括：（1）推荐其中一个节目；（2）通过比较两个节目的信息，说明你推荐该节目的理由。节目名称故宫里的国宝TreasuresoftheForbiddenCity寻访中国美食ExploringChineseCuisine节目内容介绍故宫里的国宝及其背后的故事介绍中国传统美食及其烹饪方式节目形式纪录片短视频节目语言英语解说无字幕(subtitles)中文解说英语字幕___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】1．composed2．haveknown3．that4．wereaccounted5．living6．at7．whether8．tocause/tohavecaused9．Whatever10．withwhich/sothat【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在过去十年左右的时间里，生物学家已经证明，我们体内和体外都充满了微生物群。这种由细菌、真菌和病毒组成的微生物群深刻地影响着我们的健康和体质，有时甚至与我们的情绪状态有关。1．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种由细菌、真菌和病毒组成的微生物群深刻地影响着我们的健康和体质，有时甚至与我们的情绪状态有关。短语becomposedof表示“由……组成”，过去分词作后置定语。故填composed。2．考查时态。句意：口腔微生物群得到的关注要少得多，但我们早就知道了。根据后文foralongtime可知，谓语动词know为现在完成时，主语为we，助动词用have。故填haveknown。3．考查代词。句意：直到1989年，我们才开始得到支持的证据，当时研究人员注意到，经历过心脏病发作的人被评为其口腔健康状况差是对照组的两倍。此处代指前面oralhealth，表示与其同类，后常有后置定语，应用代词that。故填that。4．考查时态语态。句意：即使考虑到年龄、社会阶层和吸烟习惯等可能的因素，结果也几乎没有变化。主语age,socialclassandsmokinghabits与谓语动词account构成被动关系，且发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数形式。故填wereaccounted。5．考查非谓语动词。句意：最近，多亏了DNA测序技术，通过对我们口腔中的微生物进行分类，我们现在发现，生活在人类口腔中的细菌类型似乎与越来越多的疾病（如癌症）有关。此处live与bacteria构成逻辑主动关系，live用现在分词形式作定语。故填living。6．考查介词。句意：研究发现，患有牙龈疾病的人患这种疾病的风险更高，这种疾病会慢慢夺走人们的记忆、个性和认知功能。短语atincreasedriskof表示“高风险”。故填at。7．考查固定句型。句意：然而，直到最近，人们还不清楚口腔健康状况不佳是阿尔茨海默氏症的诱因还是后果。表示“是……还是……”句型为whether…or…。故填whether。8．考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，在2019年，科学家们发现了一些已知会导致牙龈疾病的细菌，包括一种叫做牙龈卟啉单胞菌的细菌，这些细菌存在于死于阿尔茨海默病的人的大脑中。短语beknowntodosth.表示“……为人所熟知”，此处可用todo形式，也可理解为先于谓语动词发生，用tohavedone形式。故填tocause/tohavecaused。9．考查状语从句。句意：无论机制如何，他们指出，可能有一种方法可以提前保护自己。引导让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”应用whatever，首字母大写。故填Whatever。10．考查定语从句和状语从句。句意：澳大利亚墨尔本大学的牙科科学家正在开发一种预防牙龈疾病的疫苗，这样你就可以大大降低患牙龈疾病的风险。此处可理解为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词vaccine，先行词指物，表示“借助，用”应用介词with，作介词的宾语，指物应用关系代词which；或理解为目的状语从句，表示“以便”用sothat。故填withwhich/sothat。【答案】11．C12．A13．G14．I15．K16．D17．B18．F19．H20．J【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。在快速变化的时代，《纽约时报》将取消纸质印刷。BuzzFeed首席执行官JonahPetretti认为这是不明智的选择，并列举了一些原因和例子。11．考查名词。句意：这一天的具体时间还是一个要讨论的事情。am