2024北京延庆区高二（上）期末英语试题及答案

2024北京延庆高二(上)期末英语2024.01考生须知：1.考生要认真填写个人信息。2.本试卷共页，三大部分共100分，考试时间90分钟。3.试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。选择题必须用2B铅笔作答;非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。4.考试结束后，考生应将答题卡按要求放在桌面上，待监考员收回。第一部分：知识运用共两节，分)第一节完形填空(共小题：每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的、B、、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Miloisarescuedogadoptedby20-year-oldMakaylaSwift.OnemorninginNovember2021,SwiftopenedherfrontdoorinSilverSpring,Maryland,Milo____1____running.Miloranthehouseacrossthestreet.Heseemedunsatisfiedwiththishouse,hetotheonenextSwiftonhis____2____.MilostartedscratchingonthefrontSwiftwas____3____,becausenoteveryonewantsastrangedogontheirButasshetriedto____4____MiloshecouldhearasoundcomingthroughanopenupstairsItwasavoiceyelling“Help!”Hoursaround4a.m.,Sherry85,hadrisenfromherbed.Allofasudden,standingtherebetweenthetoiletandthetub,sheslippedandfellheavilyontheShe____5____betweenthetoiletthetubandcouldnotmoveatall.Starrwas____6____andthoughtshewasjustgoingtodiethere.Forthenextfewhours,Starrpracticedyelling:“Help!Help!Hellllp!”Hervoicewasvery____7____thatnoonecouldMilo____8____heardStarrthemomentSwiftopenedherownfrontSwiftcalledtheemergencynumberWhentheambulanceworkersarrived,theythoughtthey’dhaveremovethetoiletto____9____butinstead,theygaveonelastpullandoutshepopped.ThoughshewasblackandblueallStarr_____10_____atriptohospital.Swifthasknownherownshareofdistress.yearsago,hermotherdied.saysthatMilohashelpedherwithhergrief.“Thatdogisablessing,”shesays.1.A.moveddown2.A.tailB.tookB.headC.reachedoutC.bodyD.pulledupD.feet3.A.disappointed4.A.giveB.confusedB.sweepB.stuckC.embarrassedC.knockD.astonishedD.drag5.A.sunkC.liftedD.settled第1页/共18页6.A.surprised7.A.weakB.boredB.sharpB.hardlyB.dropC.puzzledC.roughC.slightlyC.freeD.scaredD.loud8.A.apparently9.A.trapD.temporarilyD.lay10.A.avoidedB.failedC.declinedD.continued第二节语法填空(共小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AtmyfirstclassintheForksHighSchool,Englishteachersentmetoanemptydeskatthebackwithout(introduce)metotheclass.Itwasharderformynewclassmates____12____(stare)atmetheback,buttheymanaged.Ikeptmyeyesdownonthereadinglisttheteacher___13___(give)me.Itwasfairlybasic:Bronte,Shakespeare,alreadyreadeverything.Thatwascomfortingandboring.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。teethbepartofyoursmile,____14____theyhaveamoreimportantjob—theyarethefirststepintheprocessofdigestion.havethree____15____(kind)ofteeth.Intheveryfrontofyourmouthareeightflat,thinteethcalledincisors.Theyareusedforcuttingandbitingfood.Nextthesearepointedteethcalledcanines,____16____alsohelpyoutearfood.remainingteetharemolars.Theseteethhaveflattopsforcrushingandgrindingthefood.CTheBeijingSkiResortislocated___17___District,anationaldemonstrationareaforecologicalconstruction.LongqingitseastandGuantingReservoirtoitswest,ithasfreshairandan___18___(impress)environment.________19________(build)1999,itwasthefirstresorttobebuiltnearBeijing.In2016,amassiverenovationproject____20____(start)bytheBeijingBadalingGeneralandtheoriginalBeijingShijinglongSkiResort.第二部分：阅读理解共两节，分)第一节(共小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、B、、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AabroadwiththeUNAreyoureadytobecomeaninternationalcancontributeyourtime,skillsandknowledgethroughvolunteeringwiththeUN.Thisisanopportunitytocreateapositiveimpactandbeasignificantforceforachievingpeaceanddevelopment.Makeadifferencetothelivesofmany!WhyvolunteerwiththeUN第2页/共18页•InternationalUNpromotepeaceanddevelopmentcommunitiesaroundtheglobe,whileupholdingtheidealsandambitionsoftheUnitedNations.•InternationalUNcomefrom160countries,representingmanyculturesandbackgrounds.Theybringawidevarietyofviewpointsandapproaches.•internationalUNassignmentwillmakealastingimpact.Itcancreatearipplethatextendsfarbeyondtheimmediateresultsofyour•AsaninternationalUNyouwilllearnaboutdifferentcultures,expandyournetworks,studyforeignlanguagesandgainmatchlessprofessionalandlifeexperiences.Requirements•TheminimumrequirementstoserveasinternationalUNare:25yearsoldandolder(noupperagelimit);universitydegreeorhighertechnicaldiploma;•Atleasttwoyearsofrelevantworkexperienceaprofessionalbackground;goodworkingknowledgeofEnglish,SpanishorFrench;•Commitmenttothevaluesandprinciplesofvolunteerism;abilitytoworkinamulticulturalenvironment;willingnessworkwithpeopleandlocalorganizations;•Abilitytoadjustlivingconditionsandsometimesremotelocations;stronginterpersonalandorganizationalskills.ConditionsofService•InternationalUNassignmentsgenerallyrunforsixto12months,withthepossibilityofextendingforonetwoyears.•Short-termassignmentsarealsorequestedbyourpartnersfromtimetotime.InternationalUNareentitledtocertainallowances.•Allowancesarenowaytobeunderstoodasacompensation,rewardorsalaryexchangeforthevolunteerwork.•Thepurposeofallowancesforvolunteersistoenablethemtosustainasecurestandardoflivingtheirdutystations.21.AsinternationalUNyoucan________.A.promotepeaceanddevelopmentofUNC.obtainprofessionalexperiencesB.UNimmediatelyD.teachforeignlanguages22.Accordingtothepassage,applicantsarerequiredto________.A.beatmost25yearsoldB.haveinternationalworkexperienceD.adapttolivingenvironmentC.holdauniversitydegreetechnology23.Whatcanhelpvolunteerstomaintainasecurestandardofliving?A.Assignments.B.Allowances.C.Commitment.D.Knowledge.BTheBookItwasJennifermotherwhogotherhookedonbooks.Alibrarian,shereadtoherthreechildrenevery“Notuntilwewenttokindergarten,”told,alocalnewssite.“Untilwewent第3页/共18页college.”Whennow54,becameanelementaryschoolteacherandtutorinDanville,shewantedstudentstofalllovewithreadingjustasshehad.Butearlyon,sherealizedthatsomekidshadlimitedaccesstobooks.veryobvioustoteachersofyoungchildrenwhichkidsarereadtoversuskidswhoarenot,”shesaid.obvioustheendofthefirstdayofschool.”thesolutionwassimple:Givekidsbooks.In2017,aspartofaciviceventcalledEngageDanville,shegaveaway900usedbooksoverthreedays.Mostpeoplewouldbesatisfiedwiththat.“Iwaslike,‘Anybodycoulddothat,’”said.“Iwanteddosomethinggoingstretchmyfaith,workethic,everything.”Sosheanewgoalforherself:Giveawayonemillionbooks.ItsoundslikeanunreachablebutaspostedonFacebook:complaininthebleachersifyouwillingtohardoutonthefield.”Soshegottowork,firstbyropinginfriendstodonatebooksormoneybuybooks.Beforelong,asnewsofprojectspread,strangersstartedleavingpilesofbooksonherfrontporch.Asquicklyasthebookscomein,givesthemtolocalschools—freeof—andalsosuppliesbookstolittlefreelibrariesaroundthecityof41,000justovertheNorthCarolinaalsohostsabookclubprisonersinthelocalprison.Inthefouryearsshe'sbeendoingallthis,theBookashascometoknown,hasgivenawaymorethan78,000books—only922,000morereachhergoal!Andnotslowingdown.tooimportantforkidswithoptions.“Readingcantakeyouanywhere,”shetoldCNN.cantraveltimeandspace.Ifyoucanyoucanlearnalmostanything.”24.Whatmadeinterestedreading?A.HerB.Herinfluence.D.Ateacher'simpact.C.Aencouragement.25.Whydidoriginallycontributesomanybooks?A.satisfymostpeople.B.celebratethecivicevent.C.helpstudentslovereading.D.stretchherfaithandworkethic.26.Howdidcollectbooksforhergoal?A.Byaskingherfriendstobuybooks.C.gettingdonationfromfreelibraries.B.attainingbooksfromtheprison.D.Byreceivingdonatedbooksfromstrangers.第4页/共18页27.Accordingtothepassage,whatwordscanbestdescribeA.helpfulandambitious.B.respectableandinnocent.D.determinedandhumorous.C.hardworkingandadventurous.CAgroupofblue-facedbirdsstepthroughthegrassshouldertoredeyeslookingaround.Theylooklikemiddleschoolersseekingacafeteriatableatlunchtime.Perhapsthey’renotdifferent.AnewledbyDamienFarine,anornithologistwhostudiescollectiveshowsthatthevulturineguineafowlofeasternAfrica,likehumans,havemultilevelsocieties.Inthepast,scientistsassumedsuchsocialstructuresrequiredalotofthepea-brainedguineafowlarerevealingthefaultsthatassumption.Thesebirdswanderacrossthelandscapepacks,oftenwalkingsocloselythattheirbodiestouch.Theymayfighteachothermaintaintheirstricthierarchies(等级制度),butatothertimestheyengagefriendlybehaviourslikesharingfood.Suspectingtheguineafowlmighthaveasocialstructure,FarineandhiscolleaguesbeganathoroughstudyoftheirForawholetheymadedailyobservationsof441birds.Colouredlegbandsuniquecombinationsletresearcherstelltheblack-and-bluebirdsapart.TheyalsoattachedGPSdevicesthebacksof58birds,whichletthemseeexactlywhereeverygroupwent,24hoursaThefindingsoftheresearchsuggestthatthevulturineguineafowlhaveamultilevelTherearegroupswithingroupswithinthepopulationasawhole.Thereevenseemtobegroupsoffriendswithinthesmallgroups.Thisisthefirsttimeanyonehasobservedsuchasocietyabird.AndFarineemphasizesthisparticulartinybrainsize:“Theyonlyhavesmallbrainsrelativetomammals(哺乳动物),theyalsohavequitesmallbrainsrelativetootherbirds,”hesaid.Accordingtohim,livinginthiskindofsocietymightactuallymakeiteasierkeeptrackofthesocialForexample,groupsarestableandabirdcanidentifyjustoneortwoindividualswithinagroup,itknowswhichgrouplookingat—needforabrainthatcanrecognizeeverysingleanimal.Multilevelsocietiesalsoletanimalsadjusttheirgroupsizesbasedonwhateverchallengesthey’refacing.Dependingonwhatenemiesorresourcesarearound,itmightmakesensetotravelinacombinedgroupratherthanasmallerone.“Havingamultilevelstructuremaynotrequirehavingabrain,”Farinesaid.Theremaybemorebirdsandotheranimalsouttherethat,althoughsmall-brained,havesocietiesasmany-leveledasourown.28.Accordingtothepassage,whatinspiredFarinetocarryoutthestudy?A.ThesocialB.Previousassumptionsaboutbirds.C.HisinterestinanimalD.Thefaultsinearlierresearch.第5页/共18页29.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.Complexsocialsystemscanbeadisadvantagetotheguineafowl.B.guineafowlaregoodatrecognizingindividualsinagroup.C.Birdsmaintainsocialorderbytravellingincombinedgroups.D.Small-brainedanimalscanformmultilevelsocieties.30.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.presentthefindingsofastudyoftheguineafowl.B.explaintheinteractionpatternsinmultilevelsocieties.C.introduceanewapproachtoobservingtheguineafowl.D.uncovercluesabouthowcomplexsocietiesareformed.DheardforyearsthatbreakfastisthemostimportantmealoftheBut,itactuallymightbeevenmoreimportantthanpreviouslythought,accordingtoastudypublishedintheJournaloftheAcademyofNutritionandDietetics,whichexaminedtheeffectsofskippingmealsandmealfrequencyasrelatedmortality(死亡率)andhearthealth.ThewhichwaspublishedinAugustoflastsoughttofindoutifeatingbehaviorslikemealskipping,andtimebetweenmealswereassociatedwithall-causeandcardiovasculardisease(CVD)Thestudyconsistedofadults40yearsorolderparticipatedfrom1999to2014.Researcherslookedvariouseatingbehaviorsofparticipantswhoself-reportedtheireatinghabitsevery24hours.CausesofdeathweretrackedviadeathrecordsthroughDecember31,2015.Afterexaminingparticipantsthroughouttheyears,researchersfoundthatcertaineatingbehaviorswereinfactlinkedhigherratesofprematuredeath.Eatingonlyonemealperdaywasassociatedwithincreasedriskofall-causeandCVDmortalitywhileskippingbreakfastwaslinkedincreasedriskofCVDandskippinglunchordinnerwaslinkedtoanincreasedriskofall-causethestudyfoundthathavingmealstoocloselytogether(lessthanfourandhalfhoursapart)alsolinkedall-causeprematuredeath.So,whatdoesthismeanfortheaverageperson?“Attheendofthedaywhatmattersthatindividualcanmeettheirnutritionalneedsforoptimal(最佳)health,”explainsKeriGans,authorofTheSmallChangeDiet,“andbreakfasttypicallyisagoodvehiclefornutrientsassociatedwithadecreaseincardiovascularrisk,suchasfiberandvitamins”.“Ifbyeliminatingmealstheyaremissingoutonimportantnutrientstheirbodyneeds,thenlongtermthatcanbeharmfultotheirhealth,”leadstoa“higherriskforcertaincancersandheartdisease,”shesays.Whilethisstudywasandcomprehensiveinmanyways,therearealsomanylimitations.Itwasmostlybasedonaself-reporteddietaryrecall,“whichmaynotalwaysbethebestmethoddietaryassessment,”explainsGans.“Theparticipantsmaynotaccuratelyrecallwhattheyorhonestlyreportitleadingtothepotentialofmisinformation.”Researchersnotedthatitimpossibletoconsidertheroleofsleepintherelationshipbetweenfoodandaswellasahostofotherunmeasuredfactors.Thebottomlineisthatwhilethesefindingsabouttherelationshipsbetweenmealskippingandmortalityareimportant,therearealotmorefactorsthatgointoprematuredeath.31.WhataremainlydiscussedinParagraphs3and4?第6页/共18页A.ResearchprocessandfindingsC.ResearchsubjectsandpurposeB.causeandfindingsD.Thetopicandsignificance32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminating”inParagraph5mostprobablymean?A.Reducing.B.Overeating.C.Skipping.D.Consuming.33.Whatcaninferfromthestudy?A.ItslimitationsfullytakenintoaccountintheB.Consumingadequatenutrientsisthemaintainoverallhealth.C.riskofall-causeprematuredeathisunrelatedtoskippingD.Researcherslearnedabouteatingbehaviorsbyobservingparticipants.34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsskippingbreakfast?A.Favorable.B.Unconcerned.C.Skeptical.D.Disapproving.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhyBoundariesatEssentialWhatisayouask?Aboundaryisalimitdefiningyouinrelationsomeoneorsomething.____35____youhaveinformedsomeonethatthisisyourspace,yourdesk,oryouryouhaveattemptedtophysicalboundaries.Lettingco-workersknowyouarenotcomfortableshakingtheirhandsorhuggingthemataholidayespeciallywithCovidatthistime,isanotherexampleofsettingaphysicalItisofteneasiertounderstandaphysicalEmotionalormentalboundariesbesubtler(更微妙的).____36____Emotionalboundariesarerelatedtoourfeelingsandhowsomethingorbehaviorus.example,ifabosstreatsyoudisrespectfullyyellingatyouoracolleaguefrequentlyinterruptsyouinmeetings,youarelikelytofeelhurt,embarrassed,andperhapsbyhavingacourageousconversationwithbothyourbossandco-workerabouttheirtheimpactithasonyou,andyourexpectationsregardingfutureyouaresettinghealthyemotionalboundariesforyourselfatwork.Sometimeswesetaboundarythatisacombinationofbothaphysicalandemotionalone.____37____Oneexampleofthisisbeingrepeatedlyaskedworklateduringtheweek/weekendsorwhileonvacation.AnotherexampleisbeingrequiredtoseetoomanyclientsorpatientstothepointwefeeltiredattheendofthedayandexhaustedbyOften,theaboveworkplacedemandsleadtoincreasedstressandahighpotentialforburnout(倦怠)overtime.Mentalboundariesarerelatedtoourbeliefs,values,culturalnorms,ethics(道德),andstandards.example,youvalueaworkplaceculturethattreatsemployeesandclientswithrespectdignityandactsAftersixmonths,yourealizethatcompanyleadersarerepeatedlybehavinginwaysnotconsistentwiththis.____38____Overtime,thismayleadsignificantstressandphysicalsymptomswithin.____39____Boundariesservemanyfunctions.Theyhelpprotectus,clarifyourpreserveourphysicalandemotionalandliveourvaluesandstandards.Learningtheskillofboundarysettinghelpsempowerusprioritizeourvaluesandwell-beingandbettermanageourstress.Identifying,setting,andmaintainingboundariesareskills—valuableskillsthat,areoftennottaughtschoolorthe第7页/共18页workplace.A.Whyareboundariesimportant?B.theyareifnotmore,important.C.Therefore,weneedtotellthedifferencebetweenthem.D.Settingaboundarytheaboveexamplemaybequitehelpful.E.Boundariescanbephysical,mental,emotional,tangible,orintangible.valuesandethicalstandardsmatchwithyourwhichlikelywillleadinternalconflict.G.Suchboundariesofteninvolvebeingaskedtomorethanwefeelcapableofanextendedperiodoftime.三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第、41题各2分，第题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Doyoueverwonderthebakershelpbutsmileastheycooktastytreatsinyourkitchen?Frompre-heatingoven,mixingthedryandingredients,andupuntilthesatisfying“ding”isheard,thebakercanfeeltheatmospherelightenupandthemoodlifted.Bakingcanbeaformoftreatmentandempowerment.firstglance,graspinghowbakingmakesyoucalmdownandactsasasourceofjoycanseemabitfar-fetched.Butbakerscanseeandfeelmorewhilethey’rebaking.Itsprocessisbothascienceandart.Astheybake,theybecomemorefocusedandhopefulthatthethey’vepouredpaidThisisthereasonfortheirsmiles.Thebeautyandsatisfactionofbakingcanbefurtherrevealedwhenitisdone.Muchlikeanyhobbyoracreativeoutlet,bakingallowspeopletoexpresstheiremotionsandIneverypartoftheworld,cookingforsomeoneisconsideredasathoughtfulgesture–whetheryou’rewelcomingsomeoneinahome,showingakindgesture,orexpressingyourgratitude.desiretoshareyourfoodwithothersisanexcellentwaytobuildaconnection,showingselflessnessandlove.Itevenbecomesmoreheartfeltifyou’reservingthewholeNothingbeatsthehappinessofseeingyourlovedonesenjoythebakedtreatsyou’veworkedhardprepare.40.Accordingtothepassage,howdoesthebakerfeelwhenthebakingisdone?41.Whatisthereasonforbakers’smiles?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainBakinghelpspeopleemotionsandwhileservingthewholefamilyistheopposite.43.Whataresomeotherwayshelpbuildconnectionswithfamilymembers?(Inabout40第二节(20分)44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。在你的英籍好友Jim的指导和帮助下，你校的英文短剧获得了区英语戏剧大赛(theEnglishDramaCompetitionofOurDistrict)一等奖。请你给Jim写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.告知获奖情况；2.表达获奖心情；3.表达对他付出的感谢。注意：1.1002.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。第8页/共18页DearJim,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LiHua第9页/共18页参考答案第一部分：知识运用共两节，分)第一节完形填空(共小题：每小题1.5分，共15分)【答案】1.B2.A3.C4.D5.B6.D7.A8.A9.C10.C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一只救援犬听到对面邻居微弱的呼救声，从而使摔倒在厕所里的85岁邻居得救的故事。【1题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：2021年月的一个早上，斯威夫特打开了她在马里兰州银泉的前门，米洛开始跑起来。A.moveddown后退；B.took匆忙离去；C.reachedout伸出；D.pulledup拉起。根据下文“Miloranthehouseacrossthestreet.Heseemedunsatisfiedwiththishouse,soherantheonenextdoor”可知，小狗米洛开始跑起来。故选。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他似乎对这所房子不满意，所以他跑到隔壁的房子，斯威夫特紧跟其后。A.tail尾巴；B.head头；C.body身体；D.feet脚。根据下文“Butasshetriedto____4____Miloshecouldhearasoundcomingthroughanopenupstairs”可知，主人斯威夫特紧紧跟着自己的小狗。固定搭配ontail“紧紧跟随某人”。故选A。【3题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：斯威夫特很尴尬，因为不是每个人都想让一只陌生的狗出现在他们的房子里。A.disappointed失望的；B.confused困惑的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.astonished惊讶的。根据下文“becausenoteveryonewantsastrangedogontheir”及常识可知，斯威夫特感到很尴尬。故选C。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当她试图把米洛拖走的时候，她听到楼上一扇敞开的窗户里传来了声音。A.give给；sweepC.knockD.drag拖。根据上文“Swiftwas____3____,becausenoteveryonewantsastrangedogontheir”可知，斯威夫特试图把小狗拖走。故选D。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她被卡在马桶和浴缸之间，根本动不了。A.sunk沉没；B.stuck卡住；C.lifted举起；D.settled定居。根据下文“couldnotmoveall.”可知，这位老人被卡在马桶和浴缸之间。故选B。【6题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：斯塔尔很害怕，以为自己会死在那里。A.surprised惊讶的；B.bored无聊的；C.puzzled困惑的；D.scared害怕的。根据下文“thoughtshewasjustgoingdiethere.”可知，这位老人很害怕。故选D。【7题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的声音很微弱，没有人能听到。A.weak虚弱的；B.sharp锋利的；C.第10页/18页rough粗略的；D.loud大声的。根据下文“thatnoonecould”可知，老人的声音非常的虚弱。故选A。【8题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，当斯威夫特打开自己的前门时，米洛显然听到了斯塔尔的声音。A.apparently显然；B.hardly几乎没有；C.slightly轻微地；D.temporarily暂时。根据上文“Milostartedscratchingonthefront”及下文“themomentSwiftopenedherownfrontdoor”可知，显然小狗听到了老人虚弱的呼救声。故选A。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当救护车工作人员到达时，他们认为他们必须拆除厕所来救斯塔尔，但相反，他们给了斯塔尔最后一拉，她就出来了。A.trap抓捕；B.drop下降；C.free使解脱出来；D.lay躺。根据上文“Shewas____5____betweenthetoiletthetubandcouldnotmoveatall.”可知，此处指把老人从马桶和浴缸之间解脱出来。故选C。【10题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管她全身青一块紫一块，斯塔尔还是拒绝去医院。A.avoided避免；B.failed失败；C.declined拒绝；D.continued继续。根据上文“Thoughwasblackandblueallover”可知，虽然受伤了，但是老人拒绝去医院。故选C。第二节语法填空(共小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)【答案】introducing12.tostare13.hadgiven【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者在福克斯高中上第一堂课的情景。【题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在福克斯高中的第一堂课，我的英语老师班纳先生让我坐到后面的一张空桌子上，没有向班上同学介绍我。此处用作介词without的宾语，应使用动名词形式，故填introducing。【12题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：坐在后面，增大了我的这班新同学盯着我看的难度，但是无论如何他们还是做到了。这里用了itis+adj+forsbtodo的句式，it为形式主语，空格处要用不定式充当真正的主语，故填tostare。【13题详解】考查动词时态。句意：我目不转睛地看着老师给我的阅读清单。空格处所给动词give充当定语从句的谓语动词，这个动作发生在kept之前，此处应使用过去完成时。故填hadgiven。【答案】14.but15.kinds16.which【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了牙齿的三个种类和功能。【14题详解】考查连词。句意：你的牙齿可能是你笑容的一部分，但是他们有一个更重要的工作：它们是消化过程的第一步。空格处前后为两个完整的句子，所以要填一个连词连接这两个句子，根据句意，前后为转折关系，故填but。【15题详解】考查名词复数。句意：你有三种牙齿。kind在这里表“种类”，是可数名词，由three修饰，所以要用复数形式。故填kinds。【16题详解】考查非限定性定语从句。句意：这些牙齿旁边是犬齿，也可以帮助你撕裂食物。分析句子可知，空格处所在的句子为非限定性定语从句，先行词为canines，指物，从句缺少主语，应使用关系代词which，故填which。【答案】17.18.impressive19.Built20.wasstarted【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了北京万科—石景龙滑雪场。【17题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：北京万科—石景龙滑雪场位于国家生态建设示范区延庆区。belocated为固定搭配，意为“位于….”，故填in。【18题详解】考查形容词。句意：东临龙清峡，西至官厅水库，这里空气清新，环境令人印象深刻。修饰名词environment应该用形容词，故填impressive。【19题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：建于1999年，它是北京附近第一个大型滑雪场。分析句子可知本句的谓语是was，built在做中为非谓语，与其逻辑主语it之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以要用其过去分词表被动。故填Built。【20题详解】考查语态和时态。句意：2016年，万科，北京八达岭旅游总公司和原北京石景龙滑雪场启动了一个大规模的翻新工程。start在句中做谓语。根据时间2016，要用一般过去时态。主语amassiverenovationproject和start之间是被动关系，要用被动语态。主语amassiverenovationproject是单数，谓语动词也要用单数。故填wasstarted。【点睛】在语法填空题中，如果所给的词为动词，要首先考虑动词是否是句子的谓语动词，如果是，那么请考虑谓语动词的适当形式(注意四类助动词do类、havewill类和类)分别构成不同的时态语态情态语气和主谓一致。如果不能做谓语动词，再考虑非谓语动词三种形式：tododoing和done。如果不是非谓语也不是谓语，那么就要考虑变形了，一般的变形动词向名词变形居多。第3小题中，句子的谓语是was，built在做中为非谓语。build与其逻辑主语it之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以要用其过去分词表被动。故填Built。第4小题中，分析可知start就做谓语，要考虑时态，语态和主谓一致。根据时间2016，要用一般过去时。主语amassiverenovationproject和start之间是被动关系，要用被动语态。主语amassiverenovationproject是单数，谓语动词也要用单数。最终得到答案wasstarted。第12页/18页第二部分：阅读理解共两节，分)第一节(共小题;每小题2分，共28分)【答案】21.C22.DB【导读】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了联合国2021年志愿者项目的具体内容及要求。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据WhyvolunteerwiththeUN部分的“•Asaninternationalyouwilllearnaboutcultures,expandyournetworks,studyforeignlanguagesandgainmatchlessprofessionalandlifeexperiences.(•作为一名国际联合国志愿者，你将了解不同的文化，扩大人脉，学习外语，获得无与伦比的职业和生活经验。)”可知，作为一名国际联合国志愿者，你可以获得职业经验。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Requirements部分的“•Abilitytoadjustinlivingconditionsandsometimesremotelocations;stronginterpersonalandorganizationalskills.(能够适应困难的生活条件，有时是偏远的地方；较强的人际关系和组织能力。)”可知，申请者被要求适应困难的生活条件。故选D。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据ConditionsofService部分的“•Thepurposeofallowancesforvolunteersistoenablethemtosustainasecurestandardoflivingintheirdutystations.(•向志愿人员提供津贴的目的是使他们能够在工作地点维持有保障的生活水平。)”可知，津贴可以有助于志愿者维持生活保障。故选B。【答案】24.B25.C26.A27.A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了Jennifer志愿捐书的爱心故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“ItwasJennifermotherwhogotherhookedonbooks.（是詹妮弗·。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中“shewantedherstudentstofallinlovewithreadingjustasshehad.望她的学生像她一样爱上阅读）”可知，为了帮助孩子们热爱阅读，她开始捐书。故选C。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段第一句“Soshegottowork,firstbyropinginfriendstodonatebooksormoneybuybooks.籍。故选A。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“thesolutionwassimple:Givekidsbooks.（对威廉姆斯来说，Soshesetanewgoalforherself:Giveawayonemillionbooks.有野心的。故选A。【答案】28.A29.D30.A第13页/18页【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了鸟类学家DamienFarine团队在非洲东部的一项新的研究发现：小脑动物也有多层次的社会结构。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Suspectingtheguineafowlmighthaveasocialstructure,Farineandhiscolleaguesbeganathoroughstudyoftheir由于怀疑珍珠鸡可能有社会结构，法林博士和他的同事们开始对它们的社会进行深入研究)”可知，根据这篇文章，珍珠鸡的社交行为激发了法林博士进行这项研究。故选A项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Havingamultilevelstructurenotrequirehavingabrain,”Farinesaid.Theremaybemorebirdsandotheranimalsouttherethat,althoughsmall-brained,havesocietiesasmany-leveledasourown.(法林博士说：“拥有多级结构可能不需要有一个大的大脑。”可能会有更多的鸟类和其他动物，尽管它们的大脑很小，但它们的社会与我们的社会一样平等。)”可推知，即使大脑很小的物种，也可能拥有多层次的社会结构。故选D项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“AnewledbyDamienFarine,anornithologistwhostudiescollectiveshowsthatthevulturineguineafowlofeasternAfrica,likehumans,havemultilevelsocieties.(研究集体行为的鸟类学家达米安·法林(DamienFarine)领导的一项新研究表明，非洲东部的秃鹫珍珠鸡和人类一样，也有多层次的社会。)”可知，本文主要介绍了一项关于珍珠鸡的研究的发现，故选A项。【答案】31.A32.C33.B34.D【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述我们一直听说早餐是一天中最重要的一餐。根据发表在《营养与饮食学会杂志》上的一项研究，它实际上可能比之前想象的更重要。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段内容“Thestudyconsistedofadults40yearsorolderwhoparticipatedfrom1999to2014.Researcherslookedatvariouseatingbehaviorsofparticipantswhoself-reportedtheireatinghabitseveryhours.CausesofdeathweretrackedviadeathrecordsthroughDecember31,2015.(这项研究包括名40岁以上的成年人，他们在1999年至2014年期间参与了这项研究。研究人员观察了参与者的各种饮食行为，这些参与者每24小时自我报告一次他们的饮食习惯。通过截至2015年月31日的死亡记录追踪死亡原因)”可知，本段讲述研究过程，和第四段内容“Afterexaminingparticipantsthroughouttheyears,researchersfoundthatcertaineatingbehaviorswereinfactlinkedhigherratesofprematuredeath.Eatingonlyonemealperdaywasassociatedwithanincreasedriskofall-causeandCVDmortalitywhileskippingbreakfastwaslinkedanincreasedriskofCVDandskippinglunchordinnerwaslinkedincreasedriskofall-causestudyfoundthathavingmealstoocloselytogether(lessthanfourandhalfhoursapart)wasalsolinkedtoall-causeprematuredeath.(在对参与者进行了多年的研究后，研究人员发现，某些饮食行为实际上与更高的过早死亡率有关。每天只吃一顿饭与全因和心血管疾病死亡风险增加有关，而不吃早餐与心血管疾病死亡风险增加有关，不吃午餐或晚餐与全因死亡风险增加有关。最后，研究发现，进餐时间过近(间隔不到四个半小时)也与全因过早死亡有关)”可知，本段讲述研究发现，因此可知，三、四两第14页/18页段讲述研究过程和发现。故选A。【32题详解】词义猜测题。根据前文“breakfasttypicallyisagoodvehiclefornutrientsassociatedwithadecreaseincardiovascularrisk,suchasfiberandvitamins(早餐通常是降低心血管疾病风险的营养物质的良好载体，比如纤维和维生素)”和下文“theyaremissingoutonimportantnutrientstheirbodyneeds,thenlongtermthatcanbeharmfultotheirhealth,”leadsa“higherriskforcertaincancersheartdisease(他们失去了身体所需的重要营养物质，长此以往会对健康有害，“导致”患某些癌症和心脏病的风险更高)”可推断，早餐提供纤维和维生素，降低患心血管疾病的风险，下文说到错过了身体所需的重要物质，会导致患癌症和心脏病的奉献增高，因此推断划线部分表示：如果不吃早餐，划线词与C项“不做（应做的事等）”意思相近。故选C。【33题详解