2021届新高考英语押题密卷汇编01-阅读理解含答案解析

2021年新高考英语押题密卷汇编01•阅读理解专题

（一）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

SomethingyoumaynotknowaboutEndofHeat

ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.EndofHeatisthe

14thsolartermoftheyear,whichimpliesthatmostpartsinChinaaregettingridofthehot

summerandenteringautumn.Butinsomeareas,especiallyinSouthChina,autumnislatein

comingandpeoplearestillbotheredbyhotweather.EndofHeatisalsoihebusyharvestseason

fbrfarmers.

ThefollowingarethethingsyoushouldknowaboutEndofHeat.

Timefornight-bloomingcereus（昙花）

Thenight-bloomingcereusisaflowerfullofmystery,whichoftenbloomsduringtheperiod

ofEndofHeat.ThisisbecausetheclimateduringEndofHeat,characterizedbywarmdaysand

coldnights,issimilartotropicaldeserts.Night-bloomingcereusoriginatesinthetropicaldeserts

fromMexicotoBrazilinSouthAmerica.Theyblossomatnighttoavoidtheblazingdaytimesun.

EatingDuck

DuckhasasweetflavorandaccordingtoChinesetraditionalmedicineithasa"cool”nature.

AfolktraditionistoeatduckduringtheEndofHeatperiod.Therearemanyrecipesforcooking

ducksuchasroastduck,cookedduckwithlemon,smokedduckwithwalnutdressingandsauteed

duckwithgingershoots.ThetraditionofeatingduckduringtheEndofHeatperiodisstillpopular

inChina.

TheFishingSeasonFestival

Forfishermen,theEndofHeatisaseasonofharvest.Duringthisperiod,theFishingSeason

FestivalisheldinregionsalongthecoastlineoftheEastChinaSeainZhejiangprovince.The

festivalisheldonthedaywhenthefishingbanendsandfishermencanstartfishingagain.Dueto

hightemperaturesinthesea,stocksoffishremainandbecomemature.Peoplecanenjoymany

kindsofseafoodduringthisperiod.

1.AboutEndofHeat,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.ItmeansthewholeChinahasenteredautumn.

B.TheareasbeyondtheGreatWallarestillhot.

C.InsouthChina,thetemperatureisstillhigh.

D.Itistheendoftheharvestseasonforfarmers.

2.Wheredidyouthinkthenight-bloomingcereusinitiallycamefrom?

A.Temperateareas.B.Tropicalareas.C.Coldareas.D.Polarareas.

3.WhyisitafolktraditiontoeatduckduringtheEndofHeatperiod?

A.Becausetherearenootheranimalstoeat.

B.Becausetheduckhasa"cool"nature.

C.Becauseittastesespeciallydeliciousatthattime.

D.Becausetherearemanyrecipesforcookingduck.

【答案】l.C2.B3.B

【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍中国24节气之一——处暑。

[1题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“Butinsomeareas,especiallyinSouthChina,autumnislatein

comingandpeoplearestillbotheredbyhotweather.（但在一些地区，尤其是中国南方，秋天来

得晚，人们仍然受到炎热天气的困扰）''可知，处署时节南方的天气仍於很热。故选C项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中“Night-bloomingcereusoriginatesinthetropicaldesertsfrom

MexicotoBrazilmSouthAmerica.（昙花起源于南美从墨西哥到巴西的热带沙漠广叩知，昙花

最初来自于热带地区。故选B项。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段中“DuckhasasweetflavorandaccordingtoChinesetraditional

medicineithasa"cool"nature.（鸭肉味道香甜，中医认为鸭肉属凉性）”可知，人们喜欢在处暑

时吃鸭肉是因为在中医学上鸭肉属凉性食物，适合这个季节食用。故选B项。

B

FormanyCovidpatientswithlong-termsymptoms,onlinesupportgroupshavebeenan

invaluableresource.

Severalgroupshavethousandsofmembers.Inadditiontoconnectingpatientsand

advocatingforbettercare,somegroupsarealsolaunchingtheirownresearcheffortsor

collaboratingwithresearchers.Smallergroupshaveformedtofocusonchildrenorpatientswith

specificsymptoms,suchasheartorneurologicalissues.

AmongthemostactiveisBodyPolitic,asupportgroupthatstartedinlateMarchasasmall

Instagramgroupchat.Itnowhasmorethan14,000sign-upsfrompeopleacrosstheworldand

movedtoSlackwhereithasorganizedintomorethan50channelsondifferenttopics.

Thegroupalsolaunchedapatient-ledresearcharm,publishingitsfirstsurveyinMayand

currentlyworkingonanotherone.

DianaBerrent,a46-year-oldinPortWashington,N.Y.,foundedSurvivorCorps,aFacebook

groupandwebsite,inlateMarchafterbeingdiagnosedwithCovid.Heroriginalmissionwasto

mobilizerecoveredCovid-19patientstodonateplasma.

Thegroupnowhasmorethan110,000membersandhasbecomeanadvocacygroupfor

patientsdealingwithlong-termsymptoms.Thegroupisworkingwithresearchersandlobbying

formorelong-termCovidcarecenters.

AnotherpopularsupportgroupisLongHaulCovidFighters,whichstartedonFacebookin

April.OnceitbecameclearthatsomeCovid-19patientsweren'tgettingbetterevenafterthree

months,asecondgroupformedinJuneforthoseearlierintheirillness.

“Eachgroupislimitedtoabout5,000members,"saysChelseaAlionar,a37-year-oldlong

CovidpatientinKeizer,Ore.,andanadministrator.Ms.Alionarsaystherearenewplansfora

thirdgroupasthenumberotpatientsgrows.

“OurmissionistoprovidesupportfbrthosewhosehealthhasbeenatYectedbyCovid-19,to

promotepublicawarenessandeducationregardinglengthyCovidrecovery,andtoadvocatefor

themedical,mentalhealth,andsocialinterestsoflonghaulCovidsurvivors,"saysMs.Alionar.

4.WhatdoweknowaboutBodyPolitic?

A.Itisthemostactiveonlinesupportgroup.

B.IthasattractedCovidsurvivorsallovertheworld.

C.IthaspublisheditsfirstsurveyinlateMarch.

D.ItworksonInstagramandSlackatthesametime.

5.WhatwasDianaBerrent'sinitialintentionofsettingupSurvivorCorps?

A.Tbcureherselfofadisease.

B.Tbpromotepublicawarenessandeducation.

C.ToprovidesupporttopeoplewhohavesurvivedCovid.

D.lbcallonCovidsurvivorstocontributetheirplasma.

6.Whatcanweinferfromthelastbutoneparagraph?

A.Eachofthegroupshasatmost5,000members.

B.ChelseaAlionarhasrecoveredfromCovid-19.

C.MoreonlineCovidsupportgroupswillbeneededinthenearfuture.

D.ThenumberofthepeoplewhosufferfromCovid-19isonthedecrease.

7.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Thetaskandresponsibilityoftheonlinesupportgroups.

B.ThesupportforthepeoplesufferingfromCovid.

C.ThewaystodealwithCovid-19inthelongterm.

D.Thetypesoftheonlinesupport.

【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.A

【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了几个线上的新冠肺炎长期患者的互助组织。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句"Itnowhasmorethan14,000sign-upsfrompeopleacross

theworld…（现在已经有超过1.4万名来自世界各地的用户注册...）”可知,BodyPolitic吸

引了世界各地的新冠肺炎幸存者。故选B项。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。从第五段最后一句"HeroriginalmissionwastomobilizerecoveredCovid-19

patientstodonateplasma.”可知，她最初的目标就是要动员康复的新冠患者捐献血浆。故选D

项。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。从倒数第二段"Ms.Alionarsaystherearenewplansforathirdgroupasthenumber

ofpatientsgrows.（Alionar女士表示，随着患者数量的增加，第三组也有了新的计划。）“可知，

随着病人数量的增长，将来可能需要更多的新的互助团队。故选C项。

【7题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“FormanyCovidpatientswithlong-termsymptoms,online

supportgroupshavebeenaninvaluableresource.（对于许多有长期症状的新冠肺炎患者来说，

线上互助组织是宝贵的资源。户可知，本文主要介绍了几个线,上的新冠肺炎长期患者的互助

组织的使命和职责。故选A项。

C

AsAustraliaexperiencesrecord-breakingdroughtandbush-fires,koalapopulationshave

declinedalongwiththeirhabitat,leadingtokoalasbecoming^functionallyextinct”.Thechairman

oftheAustralianKoalaFoundation,Tabart,estimatesthatover1,000koalashavebeenkilledfrom

thefiresandthat80percentoftheirhabitathasbeendestroyed.

Functionalextinctioniswhenapopulationbecomessolimitedthattheynolongerplayan

importantroleintheirecosystemandthepopulationbecomesnolongerpossibletolive.

Deforestationandbush-firesdestroythemainfoodsourceofkoalas,theeucalyptus（松树）

tree.Anadultkoalawilleatupio2poundsofeucalyptusleavesperdayasitsmainfood.

ManyareaskingtheAustraliangovernmenttopassTheKoalaProtectionAct,writtenin

2016butneverpassedintolaw.TheKoalaProtectionActwouldworktoprotecthabitatandtrees

importanttokoalaaswellasprotectkoalasfromhunting.

RecentvideosofAustralianssavingkoalashasledtoincreaseddonationtohelpburned

koalas.ThePortMacquarieKoalaHospitalsetupaGoFundMepageseekingdonationstohelp

thehospitaltreatinjuredkoalas.Todate,theyhaveraised$1.33million,wellovertheir$25,000

goal,whichconiesfromover30,000donors.Thefundswillalsobeusedfbra“KoalaArk”asa

refugetbrburnedkoalastoliveinhealthyhabitat.

8.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatcanweknowaboutthedroughtandbush-fires?

A.TheyarethemostseriousonesinthehistoryofAustralian.

B.Theyhavemadekoalasextinct.

C.Theyhavekilled80%ofthekoalas.

D.TheybroughtthemostseriousinfluencetoAustralian.

9.Whendoesfunctionalextinctionhappen?

A.Whenaspeciesbecomesextinct.

B.Whenaspeciesislimitedtocertainhabitat.

C.Whenecosystemnolongerplaysanimportantrole.

D.Whenthenumberofaspeciesbecomessosmallthattheyhavelittlechancetolive.

10.Accordingtothepassage,thefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPTthat.

A.koalasmainlyfeedoneucalyptustreeleaves

B.theAustraliangovernmenthaspassedTheKoalaProtectionActintolaw

C.TheKoalaProtectionActisaimedtoprotectkoalasanditshabitat

D.agoodmanyAustraliansarequiteconcernedaboutkoalas

11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Somevideosrequirepeopletodonateforkoalas.

B.GoFundMepagetreatedinjuredkoalas.

C.Australianshavedeeploveforkoalasanddonategenerouslytohelpthem.

D.Thefundswillbeusedtosetuphealthyhabitatforkoalas.

【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.C

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在澳大利亚，由千森林大火导致考拉食物减少和被

烧死烧伤，考拉数量锐减，各界呼吁澳大利亚政府采取措施。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段"AsAustraliaexperiencesrecord-breakingdroughtandbush-fires,koala

populationshavedeclinedalongwiththeirhabitat,leadingtokoalasbecoming"functionally

extinct”.（随着澳大利亚经历破纪录的干旱和丛林大火，考拉数量随着栖息地的减少而减少，

导致考拉功能性灭绝）”可知，此次澳大利亚旱情和丛林大火是有史以来最严重的。故选A。

【9题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段内容''卜unctionalextinctioniswhenapopulationbecomessolimited

thattheynolongerplayanimportantroleintheirecosystemandthepopulationbecomesno

longerpossibletolive.（功能性灭绝是指种群数量变得非常有限，以致于它们在生态系统中不

再发挥重要作用，并且无法继续生存）”可知，当一个物种的数量小到再也不能在生态体系里

起重要作用的时候，这个物种继续存活下去就会变得很难，这被称为功能性灭绝。故选D。

【10题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段第一句"ManyarcaskingtheAustraliangovernmenttopassTheKoala

ProtectionAct,writtenin2016butneverpassedintolaw.（许多人要求澳大利亚政府通过《考拉

保护法》，该法案写于2016年，但从未通过成为法律户可知，2016年写的TheKoalaProtection

Act这部法案从来都没有被制定成法律。由此可知，故B项“澳大利亚政府已经通过了《考

拉保护法》”是不对的。故选B。

[11题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句"RecentvideosofAustralianssavingkoalashasledto

increaseddonationtohelpburnedkoalas.（最近澳大利亚人拯救考拉的视频导致捐款增加，以

帮助被烧毁的考拉）“以及"Todate,theyhaveraised$1.33million,wellovertheirS25,000goal,

whichcomesfromover30,000donors.（到目前为止，他们已经筹集了133万美元，远远超过了

25,000美元的目标，而25,000美元的目标来自3万多名捐赠者）“可知，人民为了救治受伤的

考拉慷慨地捐钱，且数目远远高于预期。由此可知，澳大利亚人对考拉是极其喜爱的，慷慨

捐款来帮助它们。故选C。

D

Newresearchinmonkeysmayprovideaclueabouthowthebrainmanagesvastamountsof

informationandrememberswhatitneeds.

Theresearchersfoundthatwhenmonkeysweretaughttoremembercomputerclipart

pictures,theirbrainsreducedthelevelofdetailbysortingthepicturesintocategoriesforrecall,

suchasimagesthatcontainedpeople,buildings,flowers,andanimals.Thecategorizingcellswere

foundinthehippocampus,anareaofthebrainthatprocessessensoryinformationintomemory.In

theexperimenteachmonkeywasshownoneclipartpicture,andafteradelayofoneto30

seconds,pickedtheoriginaloutoftwotosixdifferentimagestogetajuicereward.

Byrecordingcellactivityduringhundredsofthesetrialsinwhichthepictureswereall

ditterent,theresearchersnoticedthatcertaincellsweremoreactivewhenthepicturescontained

similarfeatures,suchasimagesofpeople—butnototherobjects.Theyfoundthatdifferentcells

codedimagesthatfitteddifferentcategories.Thecategorycellsgroupedimagesbasedoncommon

features-astrategytoimprovememory.Forexample,thesamecellrespondedtobothtulipsand

daisiesbecausetheyarebothflowers.

“Whilesuchcategorizationisahighlyefficientmemoryprocess,itmayalsohavea

downside,saidDeadwylerPhD."Whenthetrialsincludedmorethanonepicturewithpeoplein

it,insteadofdifferentimages,themonkeysoftenconfusedtheimagewithapictureofother

people.^^Solearningmoreabouthowthebrainrememberscouldhavefar-reachingbenefits."If

wecanunderstandinadvancehowthebrainworkswhendecisionsaremade,wecanpredictwhen

thebrainwillmakeamistake,andcorrectit,“saidTimPons,PhD."Thisfindingabouthowlarge

amountsofinformationareprocessedbythebrainwillhelpustoultimatelyachievethatgoal.”

12.Thepurposeoftheexperimentsonmonkeysistofindout.

A.howthebrainprocessesamountsofinformationintomemory

B.theareaofthebrainthatprocessessensoryinformationintomemory

C.howthemonkeysrespondtodifferentChings

D.whatthemonkeysmostlikelyremember

13.Theresearchindicatesnumerousinformationcanberememberedmoreeasilyby.

A.rememberingthedetails

B.separatingitintocategories

C.showingalotofpictures

0.rememberingallfeatures

14.Accordingtotheresearch,whichofthefollowingimagesmayconfusethemonkeys?

A.Books,toysandcars.

B.Plants,animalsandpeople.

C.Tulips,daisiesandroses.

D.People,buildingsandflowers.

15.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Furtherstudyonhowthebrainremembershasmorebenefits.

B.Categorizationisthebestwaytoimprovememory.

C.Wecanpredictwhenthebrainwillmakeamistake.

D.Howthebrainremembershasbeenfoundout.

【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.A

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家通过对猴子做实验来研究大脑如何进行

记忆。科学家指出,进一步研究大脑如何进行记忆会有更多的好处。

12.A细节理解题。根据第一段“Newresearchinmonkeysmayprovideaclueabouthowthe

brainmanagesvastamountsofinformationandrememberswhatitneeds.”可知，对猴子的新研究

或许可以为大脑如何管理大量信息和记住它所需要的东西提供线索。故选A项。

13.B细节理解题。根据第四段"'Whilesuchcategorizationisahighlyefficientmemoryprocess,

itmayalsohaveadownside/saidDeadwylerPhD.“可知，研究表明分类记忆可使大量的信息更

容易被记住。故选B项。

14.C指理判断题。根据最后一段“'Whenthetrialsincludedmorethanonepicturewithpeople

init,insteadofdifferentimages,themonkeysoftenconfusedtheimagewithapictureofother

people」”可知，当实验中包含了多个人的图片而不是不同的图片时，猴子经常混淆不同人之

间的图片。据此推断，猴子分不清同类事物。C项“郁金香、雏菊和玫瑰”都是花，故选C项。

15.A细节理解题。根据最后一段"Solearningmoreabouthowthebrainrememberscouldhave

far-reachingbenefits.”可知,进一步研究大脑如何进行记忆会有更多的好处。故选A项。

（二）

A

Recently,anunhappyeventhashappenedinakindergarteninChongqing.Mostprimary

schoolssuggestthatparentsshouldcomealongwiththeirchildrentoschoolandguardtheschool

gatesfrom7:40to8:00inthemorning.Opinionsonthisproblemaredifferentfrompersonto

person.

SunZhenyao,13,Jiangbei

Safetycomesfirst.Idon'tthinkit'sabigproblemforparents.Theyjusthavetostayatthe

schoolgateforalittlelonger.Also,it'sverycrowdedaroundschoolgatesinthemorning.Traffic

accidentscanhappen.Dependingonlyonschoolguardsisnotenough.Ifparentscanhelp,there

willbefeweraccidents.

LiMinyi,14,Yubei

Onweekdays,guardingschoolsandkeepingstudentssafeshouldbetheschools*

responsibility-nottheparents'.Also,thetimeduringwhichtheyhavetostandguardisusually

about7:40to8:00am,themorningrushhour.Someparentsmightgetcaughtinatrafficjamand

belatefbrtheirwork.Idon'tthinkthistaskshouldfallontheparents.

SunRun,14,Beibei

Thisrequestisnotjustaboutchildren'ssafety,butalsosupportingtheschool,itisagood

waytoimproverelationsbetweenparentsandschools.Secondly,parentscansetagoodexample

fbrtheirkidsbyworkingselflesslyfortheirsociety.

HuangXi,15,Jiulongpo

Mostoftheseparentsareofficeworkers.Theyhavetheirownthingstodo.Theyhurrytogo

toworkeverymorning.Tomeetthisnewrequest,somemayhavetoaskfortimeoff.Thiswill

affecttheirworkperformance.

1.Thestudentswhoagreewiththesuggestionare.

A.LiMinyi,SunRun

B.HuangXi,SunZhenyao

C.HuangXi,LiMinyi

D.SunZhenyao,SunRun

2.Accordingtothestudents,whyshouldparentsguardtheschoolgates?

A.Guardingschoolsandkeepingstudentssafeshouldbetheschools,job.

B.Itisagoodexampleforkidstohaveasenseofresponsibility.

C.Someparentscanaskfbrtimeofftoguardtheschoolgates.

D.Therearenotenoughschoolguardsintheprimaryschools.

3.Thisarticleismostlikelytobe.

A.anewspaperinterview

B.apolicereport

C.ashortstory

D.atextbookpassage

【答案】l.D2.B3.A

【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道r学生对家长是否应该在早上带孩子到学校的时候，

守好校门的不同看法。

（1题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段“Dependingonlyonschoolguardsisnotenough.Ifparentscanhelp,

therewillbefeweraccidents.（仅仅依靠学校保安是不够的。如果父母能帮忙，事故就会少一

些）“可推知，SunZhenyao同意这个建议；第四段“Thisrequestisnotjustaboutchildren'ssafety,

butalsosupporting（heschool.Itisagoodwaytoimproverelationsbetweenparentsandschools.

Secondly,parentscansetagoodexamplefortheirkidsbyworkingselflesslyfortheirsociety.（这

个要求不仅仅是为了孩子们的安全，也是为了支持学校。这是改善家长和学校关系的好方法。

其次，父母可以为他们的孩子树立一个好榜样，无私地为他们的社会工作）“可推知，SunRun

同意这个建议。故选D项。

【2题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段“Secondly,parentscansetagoodexamplefortheirkidsbyworking

selflesslyfortheirsociety4其次，父母可以为他们的孩子树立一个好榜样，无私地为他们的社

会工作）”可知，父母这样做可以给孩子树立责任感的好榜样。故选B项。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段“Recently,anunhappyeventhashappenedinakindergartenin

Chongqing.Mostprimaryschoolssuggestthatparentsshouldcomealongwiththeirchildrento

schoolandguardtheschoolgatesfrom7:40to8:00inthemorning.Opinionsonthisproblemare

differentfrompersontoperson.（最近，重庆一所幼儿园发生了一起不愉快的事件。大多数小

学建议家长在早上7:40到8:00带孩子到学校，守好校门。对这个问题的看法因人而异）”可

知，文章讲述的是学生对家长是否应该在早上带孩子到学校的时候，守好校门的不同看法，

这是一篇新闻采访。故选A项。

B

Coralsareoftendescribedasunderseaforests,buttheyaredecliningfarmorequicklythan

theAmazon.Thecoralreefs（珊瑚礁）arelikelytobeamongthefirstecosystemstobe

wipedoutbyclimatechange.

Atemperatureriseofjust1to2℃canleadtothedeathofthealgae（海藻）uponwhich

coralsdepend,drainingthemofcolorandmakingthestructuremorefragile.These

bleaching（褪色的）eventscanbetemporaryifwaterscool,butthemorefrequenttheyare

andthelongertheylast,thegreatertheriskofdamageis.

Butthat'sexactlywhatishappening.Bleachingwasfirstobservedin1983.Itwasseenon

agloballevelin1998,then2010,andthenfrom2015to2017.Mostavailablescientific

evidencetellsusthatunlesswedosomethingtolimitwarmingto1.5℃,wewilllose99%of

theworld'scoralreefsincomingdecades.

Butthereareotherthreatsbeyondwarming.OffChePhilippineislandofPalawan,itsold

reefshavebeenbadlydamagedbydirtywaterfromthetouristholidaycenter,pollutionfrom

boatsandoverfishing.Theareaoughttobeashelterbecauseit'soneoftheoceanregionsmost

tolerantofclimatechange.4tEvenhere,wearelosingourcorals,“saidDavidObura,chairofthe

GlobalSpecialistGroupintheInternationalUnionfortheConservationofNature.4tWeneedto

reducestressfromoverfishing,coastaldevelopment,pollutionandtourism.M

“Iamagenerationofscientistswatchingthemdisappear.Itisverydepressing?'Oburasaid.

“Above1.5℃,inabout50years,theywillbeatreasureofhistoricmoviesandpictures,but

verylittletoseeinreallife.Childrenborntodaymaybethelastgenerationtoseecoralreefsin

alltheirglory.”

4.Therisingtemperatureaffectscoralsby.

A.darkeningtheircolor

B.harmingtheirstructure

C.cuttingtheirfoodsources

D.narrowingdowntheirlivingarea

5.Whathappenedafter2015accordingtothetext?

A.Coralbleachingfirstbecameaglobalissue.

B.Theoceantemperaturewentupsteadily.

C.Welost99%oftheworld'scoralreefs.

D.Worldwidecoralbleachinglastedlonger.

6.WhatfactorthatthreatenscoralsisstressedinParagraph4?

A.IllegalfishingB.ClimatechangeC.OceanpollutionD.Globalwarming

7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Expertsworryaboutglobalwarming.

B.Philippinecoralreefsareunderthreat.

C.Recordunderseaforestsbeforeitistoolate.

D.Thenextgenerationmayneverseecoralreefs.

4.B5.D6.C7.D

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了因为气候，污染等因素的影响导致珊瑚礁即将消失

的问题。

4.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Atemperatureriseofjust1to2℃canleadtothedeathofthe

algae（海藻）uponwhichcoralsdepend,drainingthemofcolorandmakingthestructuremore

eagile.”可知，温度只升高1到2℃就会导致珊瑚依赖的藻类死亡，使它们的颜色消退，结

构更脆弱。由此可知，温度上升会导致珊瑚的结构更加脆弱。故B选项正确。

5.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thesebleaching（脱色）eventscanbetemporaryifwaterscool,

butthemorefrequenttheyareandthelongertheylast,thegreatertheriskofdamageis.Butthat's

exactlywhatishappening.Bleachingwasfirstobservedin1983.Itwasseenonagloballevelin

1998,then2010,andthenfrom2015to2017.”可知，“脱色''事件在水冷却的情况下可能是暂时

的，但其频率越频繁，持续时间越长，损坏的风险越大。但这正是正在发生的事情。“脱色”

于1983年首次被观察到。在1998年、2010年、2015年到2017年在全球范围内出现“脱色”

现象。由此可知，2015年之后，全世界范围的珊瑚“脱色''情况持续的时间越来越长，发生

频率越来越高。故D选项正确。

6.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“itsoldreefshavebeenbadlydamagedbydirtywaterfromthe

touristholidaycenter,pollutionfromboatsandoverfishing”可知，菲律宾的旧珊瑚礁因旅游度

假中心的污水、船只的污染和过度捕捞而受到严重破坏。因此，结合选项，海洋污染符合题

意。故C选项正确。

7.主旨大意题。第一段提出：珊瑚礁可能是受气候变化影响的第一生态系统之一。第二段

和第三段分析了影响珊瑚礁的一些因素。第四段进一步强调：大约50年后，珊瑚礁将成为

历史电影和图片的珍宝，但在现实生活中却很少能看到。今天出生的孩子可能是最后一代看

到珊瑚礁的人。由此可知，整篇文章主要突出了珊瑚礁濒临消失，导致我们的下一代再也见

不到美丽的珊瑚礁了。故D选项正确。

C

Theteacherwhodidthemosttoencouragemewas,asithappens,myaunt.ShewasMyrtle

C.Manigault,thewifeofmymother'sbrotherBill.Shetaughtmeinsecondgradeatall-black

SummerSchoolinCamden,NewJersey.

Duringmychildhoodandyouth,AuntMyrtleencouragedmetodevelopeveryaspectofmy

potential,withoutregardforwhatwasconsideredpracticalorpossibleforblackfemales.Ilikedto

sing;shelistenedtomyvoiceandpronounceditgood.Icouldn'tdance;shetaughtmethebasic

dancingsteps.Shetookmetothetheatre—notjustchildren'stheatre,butadultcomediesand

dramas—andherfaiththatIcouldappreciateadultplayswasnotdisappointed.

Myauntalsotookdownbooksfromherextensivelibraryandsharedthemwithme.Ihad

booksathome,buttheywereallseriousclassics.EvenasachildIhadastronglikingfbrhumour,

andI'llneverforgetthejoyofdiscoveringDonMarquis'sArchy&Mehitabelthroughher.

Mostimportant,perhaps,AuntMyrtleprovidedmyfirstopportunitytowriteforpublication.

Awriterherselfforoneoftheblacknewspapers,shesuggestedmynametotheeditorasa“youth

columnist^^.Mycolumn,begunwhenIwasfourteen,wassupposedtocoverteenagesocial

activities-anditdid-butitalsogavemethefreedomtowriteonmanyothersubjectsaswellas

thehabitofgatheringmaterial,thedisciplineofmeetingdeadlines,and,aftergraduationfrom

collegesixyearslater,asolidcollectionofpublishedmaterialthatcarriedmynameandwasmy

passporttoaseriesofwritingjobs.

TodayAuntMyrtleisstillanenthusiasticsupporterofher"favouriteniece”.Likeadiamond,

shehasreflectedabright,multifaceted（多面的）imageofpossibilitiestoeverypupilwhohas

crossedherpath.

8.WhichofthefollowingdidAuntMyrtledototheauthorduringherchildhoodandyouth?

A.Shelenthersomeseriousclassics.B.Shecultivatedhertasteformusic.

C.Shediscoveredhertalentfordancing.D.Sheintroducedhzrtoadultplays.

9.WhatdoesArchyandMehitabelinParagraph3probablyreferto?

A.Abookofgreatfun.B.Awriterofhighfame.

C.Aseriousmasterpiece.D.Aheartbreakingplay.

10.AuntMyrtlerecommendedtheauthortoanewspapereditormainlyto.

A.develophercapabilitiesforwritingB.giveherachancetocollectmaterial

C.involveherinteenagesocialactivitiesD.offerheraseriesofwritingjobs

11.WecanconcludefromthepassagethatAuntMyrtlewasateacherwho.

A.trainedpupilstobediligentandwell-disciplined

B.gavepupilsconfidenceinexploitingtheirpotential

C.emphasizedwhatwaspracticalorpossibleforpupils.

D.helpedpupilsovercomedifficultiesinlearning

【答案】DAAB

【解析】

8.D本题的强干扰项是A她的阿姨借给她一些庄重的经典著作。而文章中使用的是“share”

分享，所以，排除