Unit3 Listening and Speaking-Reading and Thinking 词汇精讲课堂

版本：新人教单元：必修一Unit3(ListeningandSpeaking—ReadingandThinking)词汇课堂本单元词汇梳理1.fitness：fit+-ness2.soccer：英式足球，football3.badminton：词源：原本是个地名，是英国DukeofBeaufortBadminton庄园。当时的庄园主人改造了网球球拍，并在庄园中用其招待宾客。因此，羽毛球这种运动迅速在英国发展起来。由于它起源于badminton庄园，所以人们把它称作badminton。4.marathon：词源：公元前490年，波斯帝国皇帝大流士率领入侵希腊，逼近希腊雅典。双方在雅典城东北六十公里外的马拉松（Marathon）平原展开激战。战役中，希腊联军打败了波斯军队，战士Pheidippides从Marathon一路不停奔跑将这一喜迅传达给雅典后力竭而死。为了纪念他，在1896年首次在雅典举行的奥林匹克运动会上设置了这一比赛项目，即marathonrace，并把战场至雅典的距离42,195米定为马拉松竞赛的长度。5.event：精准的汉语释义“重大事件”熟词生义“比赛项目”6.host：host+-ess；名词动词化7.track：一词多义，基本义“痕迹”

意为“足迹”时常用复数

词块：trackandfieldevents

名词动词化：trackdown8.workout：一词多义，基本义“做出”；通过out（出）理解9.sweat：名词动词化10.

makeit：与to搭配11.legend：词块：legendhasitthat…=it’ssaidthat…12.master：名词动词化；词源义“主人；控制者”→“能手”“大师”（控制知识和技能的人）→精通

13.setanexample：词块：seta(good)exampletosb14.honour：词块：inhonourof,it’san/one’shonourtodosth,feelhonouredtodosth

名词动词化15.medal：词块：agold/silver/bronzemedal16.构词法：champion—championship17.determination：determine—determination18.fallapart：apart意为“成碎片”19.词族：injure,injury,injured20.captain：来自词根cap(头)，词源同chief一词多义：首领；队长；船长；机长；上校21.graceful：grace+-ful22.strength：词族：strong,strength,strengthen

一词多义，基本义“力量”23.failure：fail—failure反义词：success

抽象名词具体化24.giveup：up表示“彻底”“完结”eventworkout重难点词精讲strength辨析义英语释义一词多义英语释义一词多义makeit

honour

一词多义一词多义fail&failureaparttrack一词多义搭配义一词多义event

多义词event都有哪些释义呢？

重大事件；(发生的)

事情sthhappens,especiallysthimportantorunusual：Itiseasytobewiseaftertheevent.Yearsago,animportanteventoccurredinmylifethatwouldchangeitforever.2016江苏改event

n[C]

公开活动；比赛项目；体育比赛：Wesupportedeachotherfinanciallyandbyshowingupatevents.trackandfieldeventsThe2008OlympicGamesarethebiggestsportingeventeverheldinBeijing.辨accident,incident,event三者都含有“事件”之意。accident

多指偶然或意外发生的不幸的事情。•atrafficaccidentincident

既可指小事件或小插曲，又可指政治上有影响的事件或事变。•Hecouldremembereveryincidentingreatdetail.•theLugouqiaoIncident卢沟桥事变event

尤指历史上的重大事件，还可以表示国际、国内的大事以及体育比赛项目。•thechiefeventsof2020

•The800metresisnothisbestevent.track▪

n[C]

[常用复数]

足迹；轨迹；车辙：followsb’stracks

Wesawwildanimals’tracksnearthecave.

小路；小径：Ittakesmeonlyafewminutestowalktoschooldownamuddytrack.

(铁路)轨道；滑轨：railwaytracks

跑道；径赛运动：Theyranfivetimesroundthetrack.trackandfieldevents田径项目keeptrackof与……保持联系；了解……的动态：Theyreadthenewspaperseverydaytokeeptrackofcurrentevents.losetrackof失去……的线索；与……失去联系；忘记：Thepolicehavelosttrackofthecriminals.IhadsomuchfunthatIlosttrackoftime.▪vt

跟踪；追踪：Zactracksdownthemedals’rightfulowners,andreturnsthem.2019浙江改名词动词化track语义网络图足迹；痕迹基本义人、动物、车辆等经过后留下的痕迹足迹；轨迹；车辙被踩出的痕迹运动员运动的痕迹径赛运动小路；小径跑道和跑道有关的体育运动跟踪；追踪vJason___________________

(锻炼)twoorthreetimesaweek.exercisesdoes/takesexercise/大家回想一下，“锻炼”可以用哪些英语词汇来表达呢？worksout

算出(calculate)；总共达：I’mjusttryingtoworkouthowmuchIspendeachmonth.

解决(solve)；把……弄清楚：Toworkoutthedifficultmathsproblem,IhaveconsultedProfessorRusellseveraltimes.2014陕西

制定(出)：Trainedexerciseteacherscanhelpyouworkoutatrainingplanandkeepyouactive.

产生结果；被证明有效todeveloporprogress,especiallyinagoodway：EverythingworkedoutOKintheend.

锻炼；训练：Igotothesportsclubandworkoutonceaweek.workout做出基本义work

(做)+out(出来)workout语义网络图做出计算做出问题做出计划做出运动做出效果算出；总共达解决；把……弄清楚制定(出)产生结果；被证明有效锻炼；训练makeitmakeit

做到；成功：Aslongasyouhaveadream,keeptryingandyou’llmakeit.2014山东

(尤指在困难情况下)

准时到达；赶上：Theflightleavesintwentyminutes—we’llnevermakeit.

渡过难关：Shaydidn’tmakeittoanothersummeranddiedthatwinter.2011江苏

[口语]

能参加；能出席：I’msorryIdidn’tmakeittoyourpartylastnight.做到基本义makeit做到事情做到准时做到克服困难做到；成功(尤指在困难情况下)准时到达；赶上能参加；能出席makeit语义网络图渡过难关做到参加活动hono(u)r

[U]

[常用单数][正式用语]荣幸；[U]

荣誉；[C]荣誉称号：Itismy/anhonor

to

beheretosharewithyoumyopinionsonwhattolearninseniorhighschool.2014江西书面表达改achieve/attain/gainhonourTheathletescompetedforthe

honourof

theircountries.ShewaschosenforthenationalhonourofTeacheroftheYear.hono(u)r

n

[U]尊敬；敬意

greatrespectandadmirationforsb/sth：holdsbinhonourWehadagreatpartytoshowhonourtothefamousscientist.

[U]正义感；道义thequalityofknowinganddoingwhatismorallyright：amanofhonouramatter/point/questionofhonour

[与不定冠词连用]光荣的人/事：She’sanhonourtoherfamilyandhercountry.常见搭配havethehonourof(doing)sth：MayIhavethehonourofthisdance?inhonourofsb/insb’shonour：

Aceremonywasheldinthosesoldiers’honour.

使……感到荣幸；[正式用语]给予……荣誉：ShehasbeenhonouredwiththeStaroftheWeekforherexcellentwork.

向……表达敬意；尊重：Inamarriage,youneedtohonouroneanother.hono(u)r

vtbe/feelhonouredtodosth做某事感到荣幸：Ifeelveryhonouredtohavebeenabletotakeonthisrole.honour的语义网络图荣幸；荣誉；荣誉称号光荣的人/事尊敬；敬意正义感；道义honour使……感到荣幸；给予……荣誉向……表达敬意；尊重vn

相隔地；相距地：Thebuildingsstoodseveralmilesapart.

Ourbirthdaysareexactlyamonthapart.

分开地；分离：Hehadadeepvoice,whichsethimapartfromothersinoursmalltown.

2013全国Ican’ttellthetwinsapart.

零散地；成碎片地：Rodlovestakingapartclocks.However,henevermanagestoputthemtogetheragain.2012辽宁改I’msorry,thecupjustcameapartinmyhands.

Hismarriagefellapart.

apartadvapartfrom

除……外(别无)；若不：Apartfromthem,Ihadnoonetotalkto.

除……外(尚有)：Apartfrombeingthekingdomofflowers,Yunnanprovinceishometomanyethnicminoritygroups.

人教新必修③–3beworldsapart完全不同；截然不同：Theirexperienceoflifeisworldsapart.2012天津fallapart散架；瓦解：Ithinkthisoldchairisfallingapart.

Thedealfellapartwhenwefailedtoagreeonaprice.strength词源strength的词源义为

“bodilypower”，即“力量”。strength既可指人的身强力壮(physicallystrong)，比如说你可以做100个俯卧撑，也可指人内心的强大

(mentallystrong)。构词法：strong→strength→strengthenstrengthn❶[U]体力；力气thequalityofbeingphysicallystrong：Thedaysaregonewhenphysicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.2011

天津PractisingChinesekungfucannotonlybuildupone’sstrength,butalsodevelopone’scharacter.

2009浙江人身体的“力量”

[U]意志力：

innerstrength/strengthofwillIhopeyouhave/findthestrengthtostartalloveragain.

[U]实力：Politicalpowerdependsuponeconomicstrength.人内在的“力量”国家等集体的“力量”

[C]优点；长处：Eachofushasourownstrengthsandweaknesses.2009浙江

[C]&[U]强度；浓度【重要搭配】gofromstrengthtostrength不断壮大：Thecompanyhasgonefromstrengthtostrengthsinceitwasestablishedfiveyearsago.人格的“力量”物体或液体的“力量”strength的语义网络图力量基本义strength人身体的“力量”人内在的“力量”体力；力气意志力实力强度；浓度优点；长处国家等集体的“力量”人格的“力量”物体或液体的“力量”由个体到群体由具象到抽象由表及里由人到物基本义词汇拓展strengthen

vt&vi加强；巩固Thewindwasstrengthening.Ibelievethatthismagazinewillsurelystrengthenourties.strength加后缀-en变成动词反

weaken

：漫威系列电影中有一位超级英雄——美国队长（CaptainAmerica）。他原本是个瘦弱的青年，注射超级血清后，成为了一名超级士兵。CaptainAmerica他有着超越常人的体能。Hehassuperhumanphysicalstrength.他有着坚定的信念和非凡的意志力。Hehasafirmbeliefandownsremarkablestrengthofwill.他有很多的优点：正直、勇敢、坚持和高尚的品德。Hehasmanystrengths:honesty,bravery,persistenceandgreatcharacter.一群超级英雄聚集在一起组成了非常有实力的群体——复仇者联盟。AgroupofsuperheroesjointogetherandmaketheAvengers,agroupwithgreatstrength.美国队长的盾牌由“振金”制成，强度(strengths)很高，能抵抗雷神之锤的攻击。failure温斯顿·丘吉尔(WinstonChurchill),英国政治家、历史学家、演说家，1940年至1945年和1951年至1955年两度出任英国首相，被认为是20世纪最重要的政治领袖之一，领导英国人民赢得了第二次世界大战。成功并不是终点，失败也不会致命，真正重要的是继续走下去的勇气。

——温斯顿·丘吉尔failv

vt&vi失败；没做成tonotsucceedinachievingsth

(反succeed)：Itisveryimportanttofindoutwhyyoufailedtoachieveyourgoal.

vi

未做tonotdosth：Ineverfailtophonemyparentsontheirbirthdays.

vt&vi没有通过(考试)；不及格；评定(某人)不及格

(反pass)：Ipassedhistorybutfailedchemistry.Herworkwassobadthattheteacherhadnochoicebuttofailher.3940

vi

出故障；失灵tostopworking：Hesawaterribleaccidentinwhichatram’sbrakesfailed.❺

vi

[常用于进行时]

(健康、体力、视力等)衰退；减弱tobecomeweak：Hiseyesightisfailing.Shehassufferedfromfailing

health.❻vt使失望

(letdown)；使无能为力：Whenweneededhishelp,hefailedus.Wordsfailedme(=IcouldnotexpresshowIfelt)whenIwantedtoexpressmythankstohim.n[C]

(考试)不及格

(反pass)withoutfail必定；总是；务必失败；未能做fail（基本义）“未能”完成某事身体功能等“失败”考试“失败”失败；没做成没有通过(考试)；不及格；评定(某人)不及格(健康、体力、视力等)衰退；减弱fail语义网络图“未能”做某事未做机器等运转“失败”出故障；失灵“未能”达到期望使失望

；使无能为力42失败；未能做出故障；失灵失败；没做到故障；失灵失败的人/事failfailure抽象名词具体化43failure

n

[U]失败

(反success)：Failureisthemotherofsuccess.Allhiseffortsendedinfailure.

Sheisdepressedbyhercontinued

failureto

findajob.

[C]失败的人/事

(反success)：Neverthinkofyourselfasafailure.

[U]&[C]没做到：FailuretoobserveallParkrulescouldresultinbeingdrivenoutofthePark.2013江苏

[U]&[C]故障；失灵：thepower/enginefailureParishadsufferedasuddenheartfailure.2017北京抽象名词具体化Failuredoesn’tmeanyouareafailure,

Itdoesmeanyouhaven’tsucceededyet.

Failuredoesn’tmeanyouhaveaccomplishednothing,

Itdoesmeanyouhavelearnedsomething.

Failuredoesn’tmeanyouhavebeenafool,

Itdoesmeanyouhadalotoffaith.

Failuredoesn’tmeanyou’vebeendisgraced,

Itdoesmeanyouwerewillingtotry.

Failuredoesn’tmeanyoudon’thaveit,

Itdoesmeanyouhavetodosomethinginadifferentway.

Failuredoesn’tmeanyouareinferior,

Itdoesmeanyouarenotperfect.

Failuredoesn’tmeanyou’vewastedyourlife,

Itdoesmeanyouhaveareasontostartafresh.

Failuredoesn’tmeanyoushouldgiveup,

Itdoesmeanyoumusttryharder.

Failuredoesn’tmeanyou’llnevermakeit,

Itdoesmeanitwilltakealittlelonger.

Failuredoesn’tmeanGodhasabandonedyou,

ItdoesmeanGodhasabetteridea.失败并不代表你是个失败者，它只表明你尚未成功。失败并不代表你一无所获，它只表明你吸取了一次教训。失败并不代表你很愚蠢，它只表明你信心百倍。失败并不代表你无脸见人，它只表明你百折不回。失败并不代表你工夫白费，它只表明你的做事方法尚待改进。失败并不代表你低人一等。它只表明你并非完人。

失败并不代表你浪费生命，它只表明你有理由重新开始。失败并不代表你应该放弃，它只表明你要加倍努力。失败并不代表成功永不属于你，它只表明你要付出更多的时间。失败并不代表上帝已经抛弃你，它只表明上帝还有更好的主意。Failuredoesn’tmean失败并不代表

作者简介罗伯特·舒乐博士(Dr.RobertH.Schuller)1926年9月16日出生于美国爱荷华州的一个荷裔农场家庭。他是美国水晶大教堂(TheCrystalCathedral)的创始人、大主教。舒乐博士被克林顿、布什总统等人称为“精神导师”，常被白宫邀请在重大活动中主持祷告仪式。水晶大教堂的主体结构由一万块透明玻璃组成，有“世界上最壮美的十大教堂之一”的美誉。随堂检测event一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Leavinghomewasamajoreventinhislife. ________2.Themeetingwasanimportantsocialevent.________3.Thisyear’sOlympicGameswillbethebiggestsportingevent.

________4.The800metresisthefourtheventoftheafternoon._________二、选出适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。(accident,event)1.Over70,000peopleareseriouslyinjuredeveryyearinroad__________.2.Theelection

(选举)wasthemain__________of2020.大事体育赛事社会活动比赛项目accidentsevent1.We__________________________(跟着熊留下的足迹)inthesnow.2.Asajournalist,hehasto____________________(了解)eventsallovertheMiddleEast.3.Celebrities(名人)worryconstantlyabouttheirpublicappearance.Eventually,theystartto_____________(忘记)

whotheyreallyare,seeingthemselvesthewaytheirfansimaginethem.(2013北京)4.Thelongest_____________________(田径项目)

attheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk.(2020全国)一、根据所给提示，完成下列句子。

trackfollowedthebear’strackskeeptrackoflosetrackoftrackandfieldevent二、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Aftermygraduation,Dad’sbusinesswasgettingbackontrack.(2015陕西) __________2.WithintwoyearsafterherarrivalinCanada,DianaatlastachievedheroriginalgoalwhenhernewstoreopeneditsdoorsinToronto’sSheppardCentre.Shewasonthefast-tracktosuccess.(2011福建)

__________

3.ThepresidentoftheAustralasianSocietyfortheStudyofObesitysaidparentsneededhelpindoingtheirjobandtheOppositionParty’spolicymightbeontherighttrack. __________步入正轨

成功在望

做法对路

workout写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Let’sworkouthowmuchbeerweneed.________2.Thetravellingexpensesworkoutat

12dollarsperdayeach. ________3.Canyouworkoutwhatthesewordsmean?________4.Thingsjustdidn’tworkoutasplanned.________5.Workoutatagymorswimtwiceaweek._________总共达进展顺利弄清楚锻炼算出makeit写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Heneverreallymadeitasanactor.________2.Leonardmadearapidcalculation:he’dnevermakeitintime. ________3.Thedoctorthinkhe’sgoingtomakeit.________4.I’msorryIwon’tbeabletomakeittothepartytonight.________赶上参加渡过难关成功honour一、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.Earlierthisyear,I________________

(有幸)meetingthePresident.2.Apartywillbeheld________________(为向……表示敬意)theprince.二、根据所给词块或提示，将下列句子译成英语。1.我们为我们国家的荣誉而战。Wefought

ourcountry.2.大驾光临，深感荣幸。(itisone’s/anhonourtodosth)__________________________________________forthehonourofItismy/an/agreathonourtohaveyouhere.hadthehonourofinhonourof1.ButonaJanuarynightin2009,Inkydidsomethingthatwould____________________(使她有别于)ordinarycatsforever.(2012辽宁)2.DianaJacobsthoughtherfamilyhadaworkableplantopayforcollegeforher21-year-oldtwinsons.Thenherhusbandlosthisjob,andtheplan____________________(破裂).(2011山东改)3.____________________(除了)

goodservice,therestaurantoffersdifferentkindsoftraditionalFujiandishes.(2011福建)setherapartfrom根据所给汉语，用apart的词块完成下列句子。fellapartapartApartfrom一、写出下列句子中strength的释义。1.Billwasdoingalotofphysicalexercisetobuilduphisstrength.________2.Happinessandsuccessoftencometothosewhoaregoodatrecognizingtheirownstrengths.(2013湖南) ________3.Thestrengthofacountrydoesnotrestuponeconomicdevelopmentalone;itrestsuponeducation,atleasttothesameextent.________4.Baijiu(白酒)issimilartovodka(伏特加)intermsofits