2024年高考英语重难点突破训练阅读理解之议论文含解析

阅读理解之争论文Althoughbeingfamousmightsoundlikeadreamcomingtrue,today’sstars,feelinglikezooanimals,facepressuresthatfewofuscanimagine.Theyareatthecenterofmuchoftheworld’sattention.Paparazzi(狗仔队)campoutsidetheirhomes,camerasready.Tabloids(小报)publishthrillingstoriesabouttheirpersonallives.Justimaginenotbeingabletodoanythingwithoutbeingphotographedorinterruptedforasignature!AccordingtopsychologistChristinaVillareal,celebrities—famouspeople—worryconstantlyabouttheirpublicappearance.Eventually,theystarttolosetrackofwhotheyreallyare,seeingthemselvesthewaytheirfansimaginethem,notasthepersonstheywerebeforeeveryoneknewtheirnames.“Overtime,”Villarealsays,“theyfeelseparatedandalone.”Thephenomenonoftrackingcelebritieshasbeenaroundforages.Inthe4thcenturyB.C.,paintersfollowedAlexandertheGreatintobattle,hopingtopicturehisvictoriesforhisadmirers.WhenCharlesDickensvisitedAmericainthe19thcentury,hissold-outreadingsattractedthousandsoffans,leadinghimtocomplain(埋怨)abouthislackofprivacy.Tabloidsofthe1920sand1930sranarticlesaboutfilm-starsinmuchthesamewaythatmoderntabloidsandwebsitesdo.Beingapublicfiguretoday,however,isalotmoredifficultthanitusedtobe.Superstarscannotmoveaboutwithoutworryingaboutphotographerswithmoderncameras.Whentheysaysomethingsillyordosomethingridiculous,thereisalwaystheInternettospreadthenewsinminutesandkeeptheir“story”aliveforever.Iffameissotroublesome,whyaren’tallcelebritiesrunningawayfromit?Theansweristhattherearestillwaystodealwithit.Somestarsstaycalmbysurroundingthemselveswithtrustedfriendsandfamilyorbyescapingtoremoteplacesawayfrombigcities.Theyfocusnotonhowfamoustheyarebutonwhattheylovetodoorwhatevermadethemfamousinthefirstplace.Sometimesafewcelebritiescangetalittlejustice.Still,evenstarswhoenjoyfulljusticeoftencomplainabouthowhardtheirlivesare.Theyaretiredofbeingfamousalready.1.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatstarstoday________.A.cannolongerhavetheirprivacyprotectedB.areoftenmisunderstoodbythepublicC.spendtoomuchontheirpublicappearanceD.carelittleabouthowtheyhavecomeintofame2.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?A.Greatheroesofthepastweregenerallyadmired.B.Theproblemfacedbycelebritieshasalonghistory.C.Well-knownactorsareusuallytargetsoftabloids.D.Worksofpopularwritersoftenhavealotofreaders.3.Whatmakesitmuchhardertobeacelebritytoday?A.Hugepopulationoffans. B.Inadequatesocialrecognition.C.Lackoffavorablechances. D.Availabilityofmodernmedia.4.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardmoderncelebrity?A.Sincere. B.Skeptical.C.Sympathetic. D.Disapproving.【文章大意】本文是一篇争论文，探讨了名人的窘境——隐私得不到爱护，生活常常被打搅，无时无刻不暴露在媒体之下，不敢随意说话，一不当心就会成为媒体永久的话题，这些都让名人的生活变得很难，他们不得不想尽方法躲避媒体的追踪。1.A推理推断题。依据第一段中的“Theyareatthecenterofmuchoftheworld’sattention.Paparazzicampoutsidetheirhomes,camerasready.Tabloidspublishthrillingstoriesabouttheirpersonallives.”可知，这些名人是全世界的留意力，狗仔队在他们家门口打算随时拍照，街头小报刊登他们的个人生活，常常被拍照，被打断要求签名等，由此可知他们的隐私得不到爱护，故A项正确。2.B段落大意题。依据第三段中的“Thephenomenonoftrackingcelebritieshasbeenaroundforages.”可知，本段讲的是追踪名人的现象由来已久，故B项正确。3.D细微环节理解题。依据第四段中的“Superstarscannotmoveaboutwithoutworryingaboutphotographerswithmoderncameras.Whentheysaysomethingsillyordosomethingridiculous,thereisalwaystheInternettospreadthenewsinminutesandkeeptheir“story”aliveforever.”可知，如今，名人做任何事情都会被照相机和网络捕获到，因此这些现代媒体让现在成为名人更困难，故D项正确。4.C观点看法题。通读全文可知，文章讲的是名人的窘境——隐私得不到爱护，生活常常被打搅，无时无刻不暴露在媒体之下，不敢随意说话，一不当心就会成为媒体永久的话题，他们不得不想尽方法躲避媒体的追踪，由此推知作者对他们抱有怜悯的看法，故C项正确。Whenadriverslamsonthebrakestoavoidhittingapedestriancrossingtheroadillegally,sheismakingamoraldecisionthatshiftsriskfromthepedestriantothepeopleinthecar.Self-drivingcarsmightsoonhavetomakesuchethical(道德的)judgmentsontheirown—butsettlingonauniversalmoralcodeforthevehiclescouldbeatoughtask,suggestsasurvey.Thelargesteversurveyofmachineethics,calledtheMoralMachine,laidout13possiblesituationsinwhichsomeone’sdeathwasunavoidable.Respondentswereaskedtochoosewhotospareinsituationsthatinvolvedamixofvariables:youngorold,richorpoor,morepeopleorfewer.Within18months,theonlinequizhadrecorded40milliondecisionsmadebypeoplefrom233countriesandterritories.Whentheresearchersanalysedtheseanswers,theyfoundthatthenationscouldbedividedintothreegroups.OnecontainsNorthAmericaandseveralEuropeannationswhereChristianityhasbeenthedominant(占支配地位的)religion;anotherincludescountriessuchasJapan,IndonesiaandPakistan,withstrongConfucianorIslamictraditions.AthirdgroupconsistsofcountriesinCentralandSouthAmerica,suchasColombiaandBrazil.Thefirstgroupshowedastrongerpreferenceforsacrificingolderlivestosaveyoungeronesthandidthesecondgroup,forexample.Theresearchersalsoidentifiedrelationshipsbetweensocialandeconomicfactorsinacountry.Theyfoundthatpeoplefromrelativelywealthycountrieswithstronginstitutions,suchasFinlandandJapan,moreoftenchosetohitpeoplewhosteppedintotrafficillegallythandidrespondentsinnationswithweakerinstitutions,suchasNigeriaorPakistan.Peoplerarelyfacesuchmoraldilemmas,andsomecitiesquestionwhetherthepossiblesituationsposedintheonlinequizarerelevanttotheethicalandpracticalquestionssurroundingdriverlesscars.Buttheresearchersarguethatthefindingsrevealculturaldifferencesthatgovernmentsandmakersofself-drivingcarsmusttakeintoaccountiftheywantthevehiclestogainpublicacceptance.AtleastBarbaraWege,whoheadsagroupworkingonautonomous-vehicleethicsatAudiinIngolstadt,Germany,sayssuchstudiesarevaluable.Wegearguesthatself-drivingcarswouldcausefeweraccidents,proportionally,thanhumandriversdoeachyear—butthatpeoplemightfocusmoreoneventsinvolvingrobots.SurveyssuchastheMoralMachinecanhelptobeginpublicdiscussionsabouttheseunavoidableaccidentsthatmightdeveloptrust.“Weneedtocomeupwithasocialconsensus,”shesays,“aboutwhichriskswearewillingtotake.”5.Whyisitdifficulttosetuniversalmoralrulesforprogrammingself-drivingcars?A.Socialvaluesalwayschangewiththetimes.B.Moralchoicesvarybetweendifferentcultures.C.Drivershaveapreferenceforsacrificingtheweak.D.Carmakersarefacedwithdecisionsoflifeordeath.6.Theresearchersconductedthestudyby_____.A.usingamassiveonlinequizworldwideB.comparingdifferentculturesandcustomsC.dividingtherespondentsintothreegroupsD.performingaseriesofcontrolledexperiments7.Accordingtothestudy,inwhichcountryaredriversmorelikelytohitapedestriancrossingtheroadillegally?A.Nigeria B.ColombiaC.Finland D.Indonesia8.BarbaraWegewouldprobablyagreethat_____.A.Self-drivingcarswillgreatlyimprovethetrafficenvironmentB.Accidentscausedbyself-drivingcarsmightreceivemoreattentionC.Problemsinvolvingself-drivingcarsmightshakethepublictrustinsocietyD.Carmakersneedn’ttaketheriskofsolvingself-drivingcarethicaldilemmas【文章大意】这是一篇争论文。文章主要讲了当一名司机猛踩刹车以避开撞到非法穿越公路的行人时，她是在做一个道德上的确定，将风险从行人转移到车内的人。自动驾驶汽车可能很快就不得不做出这样的道德的推断了。5.B【解析】推理推断题。依据题目定位到第一段butsettlingonauniversalmoralcodeforthevehiclescouldbeatoughtask,suggestsasurvey.看到下一段讲了这个survey，第三段揭示了探讨结果：nationscouldbedividedintothreegroups，第四段alsoidentified…inacountry，通过nations，country可知试验结果依据不同国家划分，可见是文化差异differentcultures，故选B。6.A【解析】推理推断题。依据其次段onlinequiz可知A正确；B选项作者只是展示不同文化的moralchoices，未提及比较；C选项依据第三段开头analyzedtheseanswers,theyfoundthatnationscouldbedividedintothreegroups说明divided是探讨结果得出的，而非conductthestudy运用的方法；D选项文章未提及experiment，research是通过analyzedtheseanswers得出的，故选A。7.C【解析】细微环节理解题。依据题目定位到第四段第三行FinlandandJapan,moreoftenchosetohitpeoplewhosteppedintotrafficillegally可知依据这项探讨，芬兰的司机更有可能撞上非法穿越公路的行人，所以选C。8.B【解析】细微环节理解题。依据人名定位到最终两段，最终一段Surveys…canhelptobeginpublicdiscussionsabouttheseunavoidableaccidents可知BarbaraWege可能会同意无人驾驶汽车引发的事故可能会受到更多关注，B正确；A选项倒数其次段只提到causefeweraccidents,proportionally不等于greatlyimprove；C选项最终一段thatmightdeveloptrust可知C错误；D选项carmakersneedn’ttakerisk文章完全没有提及，故选B。Makingemployeesfeelhappyandhealthyatworkisgoodformanybusinesses.Butitisn’talwaysaneasything.Astudysuggeststhatonly33%oftheU.S.employeesconsiderthemselvesfullyengaged（投身于）inwork,while16%aregreatlydisengaged,and51%arejustshowingup.Butthereisanexception.Whenitcomestoemployeeengagement,itseemsthatemployeesinsmallcompaniesaredoingbetter.Accordingtothesameresearch,thelargestU.S.companiesareatthelowestlevelsofengagement,whilecompanieswithfewerthan25employeesareatthehighest.Andinonerecentreport,75%ofsmallbusinessworkerssurveyedsaidtheywere“very”or“extremely”satisfiedwiththeirroleasasmallcompanyemployee.Unlikebigcompanies,smallcompaniesareoftenshortofresourcesbuttheemployeescangetmoresurprisesthere.Smallcompaniesofferexcellentcareeropportunitiestotheiremployees.Thebossesoftenknowtheirstaffverywellandunderstandtheirpersonalneeds.Employeesofsmallcompaniesaremorelikelytoreceivefreemeals,paidleave,andtheycanevenbringtheirpetstowork.Butofcourse?therearemanyotherdrawsinsmallbusinesses.Oneofthetopdrawsisflexiblescheduling(弹性工时).Anotherisbeingabletoreallyseethefruitsofone’slabor.Besides,non-cashawardisalsoabigdraw.Thiscouldbesomethingsmallthatreflectsemployees’interestsandlifestyles.Whileaparentalleavemightleadtosomefinancialproblems,smallcompaniesmaydosomethingtoimproveit.“Itmaybeimpossibleforafive-personteamtobereducedtofourforsixmonths,”writesCamilliaVelasquez,headofHRmanagementplatform,Justworks.“Butitcouldbepossibletoallownewparentstotakeonreducedhoursinawork-from-homeenvironment.”Thiskindofmethodhasbeenrealizedinsomesmallcompanies.9.Whatcanweknowaboutemployeesinbigandsmallcompanies?A.Employeescandevelopbetterinsmallcompanies.B.Employeescanearnmoremoneyinsmallcompanies.C.Employeesinbigcompaniesarehardtobesatisfied.D.Employeesinsmallcompaniesaremoreengagedinwork.10.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A.Workingforsmallcompanieshasmanybenefits.B.Alltheemployersinsmallcompaniesknoweverystaffmemberverywell.C.Staffinsmallcompaniesmayfacemanychallenges.D.Staffinbigcompanieshavemorematerialbenefits.11.Comparedwithbigcompanies,whatistheadvantageofsmallcompanies?A.Employersinsmallcompanieshavemorechoices.B.Smallcompanieshavemoreattractionstoemployees.C.Employeesofsmallcompaniesmayhavehighersalaries.D.Employeesofsmallcompanieshavefixedworkingtime.12.Whatcanbemostprobablyinferredfromthepassage?A.Smallcompaniesmayhavemoreemployeeswithmuchhappiness.B.Bigcompaniesshouldlearnfromsomesmallcompanies.C.Employeesshouldhavetheirownhobbiesandlifestyles.D.Employersshouldpaymoreattentiontothestaff’sneeds.【文章大意】这是一篇争论文。文章主要讲了调查显示，小公司的员工更专注于工作，并对其缘由进行了分析。9.D推理推断题。答案定位在其次段Andinonerecentreport,75%ofsmallbusinessworkerssurveyedsaidtheywere“very”or“extremely”satisfiedwiththeirroleasasmallcompanyemployee.（在最近的一份报告中，75%接受调查的小企业员工表示，他们“特别”或“极其”满足自己作为小企业员工的角色。）由此推断出小公司的员工更专注于工作，故选D。10.A推理推断题。第三段Unlikebigcompanies,smallcompaniesareoftenshortofresourcesbuttheemployeescangetmoresurprisesthere.Smallcompaniesofferexcellentcareeropportunitiestotheiremployees.Thebossesoftenknowtheirstaffverywellandunderstandtheirpersonalneeds.Employeesofsmallcompaniesaremorelikelytoreceivefreemeals,paidleave,andtheycanevenbringtheirpetstowork.意思是与大公司不同，小公司往往缺乏资源，但员工可以在那里得到更多的惊喜。小公司为员工供应极好的职业机会。老板通常特别了解他们的员工，了解他们的个人需求。小公司的员工更有可能获得免费的午餐、带薪休假，甚至可以带宠物上班。由此推断出在小公司工作有很多好处，故选A。11.B细微环节理解题。答案定位在第四段therearemanyotherdrawsinsmallbusinesses.（小企业还有很多其他吸引人的地方。）由此可知与大公司相比，小公司的优势是对员工更有吸引力，故选B。12.A推理推断题。答案定位在第四段Thiscouldbesomethingsmallthatreflectsemployees’interestsandlifestyles.（这可以是一些反映员工爱好和生活方式的小事。）由此推断出小公司可能会有更多欢乐的员工，故选A。Afewweeksago,IcalledanUbertotakemetotheBostonairportforaflighthomefortheholidays.AsIslidintothebackseatofthecar,thewarmintonations(语调)ofthedriver’saccentwashedovermeinafamiliarway.IlearnedthathewasarecentWestAfricanimmigrantwithafewyoungchildren,workinghardtoprovideforhisfamily.Icouldrelate:IamthedaughteroftwoEthiopianimmigrantswhomadetheirshareofsacrificestoensuremysuccess.ItoldhimIwasonacollegebreakandheadedhometovisitmyparents.That’showhefoundoutIgotoHarvard.Anapprovingeyeglintedatmeintherearviewwindow,andquickly,wecrossedtheboundariesofrideranddriver.Ibecamehisdaughter,allgrownup—theproductofhissacrifice.Andthencamethefatefulquestion:“Whatdoyoustudy?”Ianswered“historyandliterature”andtheprideinhisvoicefaded,asIknewitmight.Ididn’tevengettoadd“andAfrican-Americanstudies”beforehecutin,hisvoicethickwithdisappointment,“AllthatworktogetintoHarvard,andyoustudyhistory?”HereIwas,hisdaughter,squanderingthebiggestopportunityofherlife.Hewentontodelivertheage-oldlecturethatallimmigrantkidsknow.Wearetobecomedoctors(orlawyers,ifourparentsarebeinggenerous)—tomakemoneyandsendmoneybackhome.Theunspokendemand,madeacrossgenerations,whichmyUberdriverlaidoutplainly,issimple:Fulfillyourroleinthenarrative(故事)ofupwardmobilitysoyourchildrencandothesame.Iusedtofeelanxiousandbackedintoacornerbythequestioning,butnowasajuniorincollege,I’mgratefulfortheirsupportmorethananything.Thisholidayseason,I’vepromisedmyselfIwon’thuffandgetannoyedattheirinquiries.Iwon’tdefensivelyrespondwith“butIplantogotolawschool!”whenIgetunrequestedadvice.I’lljustsmileandnod,andenjoythewarmthoftheoccasion.13.Whatdisappointedthedriver?A.Theauthor’sattitudetowardshim.B.Theschoolthattheauthorisattending.C.Theauthor’smajorsinhistoryandliterature.D.Theauthor’sinterestsinAfricanAmericanstudies.14.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“squandering”inParagraph4?A.wasting B.creating C.valuing D.seizing15.Whyareimmigrantkidsexpectedtobedoctorsorlawyers?A.Theirparentswantthemtomoveupwardinsociety.B.Theirparentsarehighachievingaswell.C.Theyhavemoreopportunities.D.Theyareverysmartingeneral.16.Howdidtheauthorreacttothedriver’squestioning?A.Gettingupset. B.Feelingsatisfied.C.Defendingherself. D.Appreciatinghisconcern.【文章大意】这是一篇关于教化方面的短文阅读。文章主要讲解并描述了不要因别人的质问而怀疑自己选择的专业。13.C推理推断题。依据文章第三段andtheprideinhisvoicefaded,asIknewitmight.Ididn’tevengettoadd“andAfrican-Americanstudies”beforehecutin,hisvoicethickwithdisappointment,“AllthatworktogetintoHarvard,andyoustudyhistory?可以推断出，司机对作者主修历史和文学感到很悲观。故选C。14.A词义揣测题。由这位优步移民司机先骄傲，然后悲观以及接着对我的教训这一情感改变的线索可以推想出，他是认为“我”奢侈了一个人生中最大的机会。故可以揣测出squandering为“奢侈”之意。所以选A。15.A推理推断题。依据文章倒数其次段Fulfillyourroleinthenarrative(故事)ofupwardmobilitysoyourchildrencandothesame.可知，他们的父母希望他们在社会上向上发展，而这些职业在社会上有地位，更能向上流淌。故选A。16.D推理推断题。依据文章最终一段I’lljustsmileandnod,andenjoythewarmthoftheoccasion.可以推断出，作者对司机的关切还是很感谢的。故选D。Don’tgetmadthenexttimeyoucatchyourteenagertextingwhenhepromisedtobestudying.Hesimplymaynotbeabletoresist.AUniversityoflowa(UI)studyfoundteenagersarefarmoresensitivethanadultstotheimmediateeffectorrewardoftheirbehaviors.Thefindingsmayhelpexplainwhytheinitialrushoftextingmaybemoreattractiveforadolescentsthanthelong-termpayoffofstudying."Fortheteenager,‘therewardsareattractive."saysProfessorJatinVaidya，anauthorofthestudy."Theydrawadolescent.Sometimes,therewardsareakindofmotivationforthem.Evenwhenabehaviorisnolongerinateenager’sbestinteresttocontinue,theywill,becausetheeffectoftherewardisstillthereandlastsmuchlongerinadolescentsthaninadults."Forparents,thatmeanslimitingdistraction(分心的事情）soteenagerscanmakebetterchoices.Takethehomeworkandsocialmediadilemma:At9p.m.,shutoffeverythingexceptacomputerthathasnoaccesstoFacehookorTwitter,theresearchersadvise."I’mnotsayingtheyshouldn’tbeallowedaccesstotechnology,"Vaidyasays.Butsomehelpinnettingtheirconcentrationisnecessaryforthemsotheycandevelopthoseimpulse-controlskills.”Intheirstudy,Vaidyaandco-authorShaunVeceranoteresearchersgenerallybelieveteenagersareimpulsive（冲动的)，makebaddecisions，andengageinriskybehaviorbecausethefrontallobes（额叶）oftheirtrainsarenotfullydeveloped.ButtheUIresearcherswonderedwhethersomethingmorefundamentalwasgoingonwithadolescentstocausebehaviorsindependentofhigher-levelreasoning."Wewantedtotrytounderstandthebrain’srewardsystemhowitchangefromchildhoodtoadulthood,"SaysVaidya,whoaddstherewardcharacterinthehumanbrainiseasierthandecision-making.“We’vebeentryingtounderstandtherewardprocessinadolescenceandwhetherthereismoretoadolescencebehaviorthananunder-developedfrontallobe,”headds.Fortheirstudy,theresearcherspersuaded40adolescents,aged13and16,and40adults,aged20and35toparticipate.Inthefuture,researchershopetolookintothepsychologicalandneurological（神经学上的）aspectsoftheirresults.17.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.Theinitialrushoftextingislessattractiveforadolescentsthanthelong-termpayoffofstudying.B.Always,rewardsareattractivetoteenagers.C.Resistancecanbecontrolledwellbyadolescents.D.Gettingrewardsisthegreatestmotivationforadolescentstostudy.18.WhichstatementagreeswithVaidya’sidea?A.Theinfluenceoftherewardisweakinadolescents.B.Parentsshouldhelpchildreninmakingdecisions.C.ChildrenshouldhaveaccesstotheInternet.D.Childrenneedhelpinrefocusingtheirattention.19.Whatresultdoesteenagers’brainunderdevelopmentleadto?A.Doingthingsaftersomethought.B.Makinggooddecisions.C.Joiningindangerousactions.D.Escapingriskybehavior.20.Howdidtheresearcherscarryouttheirstudy?A.Bymakingacomparisonofbrainexaminations.B.Byexaminingadults’brain.C.Byexaminingteenagebrain.D.Bybuildingthetrain’srewardsystem.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了青少年对即时效应和嘉奖比成人更敏感，所以嘉奖对青少年总是很有吸引力。17.B【解析】主旨大意题。依据第一段中的“teenagersarefarmoresensitivethanadultstotheimmediateeffectorrewardoftheirbehaviors.Thefindingsmayhelpexplainwhytheinitialrushoftextingmaybemoreattractiveforadolescentsthanthelong-termpayoffofstudying.”可知，本文介绍了青少年对即时效应和嘉奖比成人更敏感，所以嘉奖对青少年总是很有吸引力，故B项正确。18.D【解析】推理推断题。依据第三段中的“Butsomehelpinnettingtheirconcentrationisnecessaryforthemsotheycandevelopthoseimpulse-controlskills”可知，Vaidya认为帮助孩子们集中留意力是必要的，这样他们就能发展出限制冲动的技能，故D项正确。19.C【解析】细微环节理解题。依据第四段中的“Intheirstudy,Vaidyaandco-authorShaunVeceranoteresearchersgenerallybelieveteenagersareimpulsive，makebaddecisions，andengageinriskybehaviorbecausethefrontallobesoftheirtrainsarenotfullydeveloped.”可知，大脑前庭发育不良会导致青少年冲动、做错误的确定和参加危急的行为，故C项正确。20.A【解析】推理推断题。依据倒数其次段中的“Whetherthereismoretoadolescencebehaviorthananunder-developedfrontallobe,”headds.Fortheirstudy,theresearcherspersuaded40adolescents,aged13and16,and40adults,aged20and35toparticipate.”可知，探讨人员是通过对比40名青少年和40名成人的检查结果而绽开探讨的，故A项正确。Haveyoueverthoughtthatyourlifewillbeperfectifsomethinginyouroutsideworldchanges?Youmaysay,“IwilllivehappilyifIfindmysoulmate.”Youmaysay,“Iftheperfectjobcomesalong,Iwillgetsatisfaction.Myproblemisthatmybossisstupid.”Oryoumaysay,“IfIhaveachild,Iwillknowwhatitisliketobeloved.”Theproblemisthatitisnottheoutsideworldthatpreventsyoufromexperiencingpeace,loveandjoy.Instead,itisyourowninternal(内部的)patternsthatgetinyourway.Toprovethispoint,atmyweekendprograms,Ihadmystudentslookatafloweronmytable.ThenIaskedthemtosharetheirexperiences.Someshowedastateofcompletejoybecausestaringattheflowerremindedthemoftheirweddingoragreattripwiththeirlovers.Otherssaidtheflowermadethemangrybecauseitremindedthemofagiftgivenbyaformerpartnerwhoturnedagainstthem.Somestudentseventoldmethattheflowerremindedthemoftheirbelovedgrandmothers’gardenswithsomesheddingtears(流泪)ofjoyandotherssheddingtearsofsadness.However,theflowerwasstilljustaflower.Ourinternalpatternsdecidewhethereachmomentisfilledwithpeace,anger,joy,loveorsadness.Whenyoudon’t