初中英语《语法：被动语态the Passive voice》课件

语法：被动语态

英语动词有____和______两种语态。概念：执行者,承受者句子结构：主动语态:被动语态:

执行者+动词+承受者.eg.Imakea

cake.承受者+动词+(by+执行者).

(bedone)eg.A

cake

ismadebyme.主动被动时态：语态：被语法：被动语态（一）概述：英语动词有____和______两种语态。

主动结构:

He

speaks

English

everyday.

↓↓

动作的执行者动作的承受者被动结构:

English

isspoken(byhim)everyday.↓↓

动作的承受者(动作的执行者)主动被动（二）主动语态变被动语态的方法主：主语(执行者)及物动词宾语(承受者)例:Hecleanstheblackboardeveryday.

被:Theblackboardiscleanedbyhimeveryday.

①

把主动句的宾语变被动句的主语,放在被动句句首，注意宾格变主格。②谓语动词用bedone表示,放在被动句主语之后。be体现人称、数和时态。③把主动句的主语变为by的宾语，放在被动句动词之后，注意主格变宾格。“by+执行者”通常可省略.主动句变被句的方法：Summary被动句句子结构:承受者+bedone+by+执行者。观察例句知：

1.主动语态：动作的执行者+_______+__________+其他。

2.被动语态：动作的承受者+___

+________(+by+____________)+其他。谓语宾语(承受者)be过去分词动作的执行者主动句变被动句（一般现在时态)

We

clean

theroomeveryday.主动语态:被动语态：everyday.Theroom

iscleanedbyus主语谓语宾语am/is/are+doneThey

saw

afilmyesterday.主语谓语宾语主动语态：被动语态：yesterday.Afilmwasseenbythem主动句变被动句(一般过去式)was/were+doneThey

shouldhelp

theold.主语谓语宾语主动语态：(情态动词:can,may,must,should,will,would,could,might,haveto…)被动语态：bythem.主动句变被动句(含情态动词)Theoldshouldbehelped情态动词+be+done1.一般现在时的被动语态(1).肯定句式：主语(动作的承受者)

+_________+___________(+____+___________)+其他。(2).否定句式：主语(动作的承受者)+_________________+____________(+_____+_____________)+其他。(3)一般疑问句式：____________+主语(动作的承受者)+____________(+_____+_____________)+其他。2.一般过去时的被动语态(1)肯定句式：主语(动作的承受者)+______________+_____________(+____+___________)+其他。(2)否定句式：主语(动作的承受者)+_____________+____________(+_____+_____________)+其他。(3)一般疑问句式：____________+主语(动作的承受者)+____________(+_____+_____________)+其他。am/is/are动词过去分词动作的执行者amnot/isn’t/aren't动词过去分词动作的执行者Am/Is/Are动词过去分词动作的执行者动词过去分词was/were动作的执行者wasn't/weren't动词过去分词动作的执行者Was/Were动词过去分词动作的执行者bybybybybyby3.情态动词的被动语态(1)肯定句式：主语(动作的承受者)+______________+____________________(+____+____________)+其他。(2)否定句式：主语(动作的承受者)+________________+_________________(+_____+_____________)+其他。(3)一般疑问句式：____________+主语(动作的承受者)+____+_______________(+____+_____________)+其他。情态动词动词过去分词动作的执行者情态动词+not动词过去分词动作的执行者动词过去分词动作的执行者情态动词bebebebyby

by被动语态的句型转换同主动语态:在am/is/are，was/were，can/may/must/should/will/would，have/has/had后面加not.

将上述词提前。练习：Thebridgewasbuiltlastyear.______thebridge______lastyear?(变疑)Thebridge____________lastyear.(变否）___________thebridge______?（划线提问）wasn’tbuiltWasbuiltWhenbuiltwas变否定句:变一般疑问句:写出下列单词的过去式和过去分词。playcleanlivelovestudytrystopplanshop---played---cleaned---lived---loved---studied---tried---stopped---planned---shopped---played---cleaned---lived---loved---studied---tried---stopped---planned---shopped写出下列单词的过去式和过去分词。dogohavebeeatdrinkseewriteput---did---went---had---was/were---ate---drank---saw---wrote---put---done---gone---had---been---eaten---drunk---seen---written---putThetelephone_____________(invent)byBellin1876.Thetreesmay____________(plant)inspring.Teenagersshouldnot____________(allow)todrive.English___________(speak)inCanada.Mathmust___________(study)well.Finishthesentenceswas

inventedbe

plantedbeallowedis

spokenbe

studied

一.句型转换。将下列句子变为被动语态。1.Wecanfinishtheworkintwodays.Thework________________intwodays.2.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.AnEnglishsong______________________bythechildren.forShanghai.3.Hewritesaletter.Aletter_____________________.4.Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.Theclassroom________________everyday.canbe

will

be

is

finishedsung

written

by

him

is

cleanedExercises5.TheChinesepeoplespeakEnglish.English_____________by________inChina.6.ThepeopleallovertheworldknowtheGreatWall.TheGreatWall______________________thepeopleallovertheworld.7.Wemustwatertheflowerseveryday..Theflowersmust____________________byuseveryday..isspoken

isknownpeoplebybe

watered二、将下列句子改为被动语态Weplanttreeseveryspring.

Treesareplantedeveryspring.2.Farmersgrow

riceinthenorth.Riceisgrownbythefarmers

inthenorth.3.Theybuilt

theschool30yearsago.

Theschoolwasbuiltbythem30yearsago.4.Wemustget

everythingready.

Everythingmustbegotready.

5.They

don’ttakegoodcareof

theoldpeople.Theoldpeoplearen’ttakengoodcareof

bythem.6.Didlotsofpeoplevisit

theexhibition.Wastheexhibitionvisitedbylotsofpeople?1.Todaycomputers______agreatdealinmanyfields.A.areuseB.useC.areusedD.used2.Badthings_______intogoodthings.A.canturnedB.canbeturnedC.canturnD.canbeturn3.Thebridgeovertheriver______morethanfiftyyearsago.A.builtB.wasbuiltC.hasbuiltD.isbuilt三.单项选择ABB4.Anewschool______inmyhometownlastyear.A.setupB.wassetupC.issetupD.setsup5.Theflyingsaucers________UFOs.A.callB.callsC.iscalledD.arecalled6.English_____inmostmiddleschools.A.speakB.speaksC.isspeakingD.isspokenBDD7.Theworldhaschangedgreatlysincethefirstcomputer__________.A.wasmadeB.ismadeC.bemadeD.made8.TheGreatHallofthePeople___in1959.A.hasbuiltB.isbuiltC.wasbuiltD.built9.Thebaby________bythenurse.A.waslookedafterB.waslookedC.lookedafterD.waslookedatACD10.Thecomposition________inafterclass.A.mustishandedB.mustbehandedC.musthandD.behanded11.Themagazinemay______tothelibrary.A.returnB.isreturnedC.bereturnedD.returns12.English______everymorning.A.readB.isreadedC.isreadingD.isread13.Football___inmostmiddleschoolsinChina.A.playB.playsC.isplayingD.isplayedBCDD带着目标努力，带着梦想飞翔SectionA语言学习课词汇运用一．bemadeof,bemadefrom与bemadeinThedeskismadeofwood.

Paperismadefromwood,too.ThewatchismadeinChina.

ThebikewasmadebyUncleWang.1.“由...制成”一般能看得出原材料，制作的过程中发生的是物理变化,用___________。2.“由...制成”一般看不出原材料，制作的过程中发生的是化学变化，用____________。3.“在某地生产”用_________________4.“由某人制作”用_________________bemadeofbemadefrombemadeinbemadebyeg.1.Thetoycars______________China.2.Thewine_______________grapes.3.Theglass_________________glass.4.Thebreakfast____________mymother.aremadeinismadefromismadeofismadeby被动句的特殊情况：1.双宾：①Shegave

me

abookyesterday.Abook________________meyesterday.I____________abookyesterday.②Shebought

me

abookyesterday.Abook________________meyesterday.I____________abookyesterday.wasgiventowasgivenwasboughtforwasbought2.复合宾语：②Iheardhimsinginthenextroom.He________________singinthenextroom.①Sheoftenmakeshisbrothercry