新版译林高中英语课件教案练习学易金卷：2020-2021学年高一英语下学期期末测试卷（牛津译林版2020）（新高考）01（解析版）VIP

高一英语第二学期期末模拟试卷1(译林新教材)说明：本卷不含听力，满分120分，适用采用译林版新教材参加新高考地区的学生。第一部分阅读理解（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AEachyear.Timemagazinepicksthebestoftheyear'sinventionsthatwillchangehowwelive,work,andplay.AiraForpeoplewhoareblind,everydaytaskssuchaswalkingtoschoolordoinglaundrycanbetough.Whatiftheycould"borrow”theeyesofsomeonewhocansee?That'sthethinkingbehindAira.AiraisaserviceUserssendlivevideoesoftheirsurroundingstoanagentThisisdonewithspecialglassesorasmartphoneappTheagentsarealwaysavailable.Theycananswerquestions,describeobjects,andguideusersthroughalocation.3MSmog-reducingGranulesSmogisatypeofairpollution.Itcomesfromcarandfactoryemissions.Thecompany3Mhascreatedanewmaterial,3Msmog-reducinggranules(微粒)，whichcanbreakdownsmoggranulesintheair.Thebroken-downgranulesarewashedawaythenexttimeitrainsThegranuleswillhelpreduceairpollution.TheWhillModelCIMorethan3millionAmericansusewheelchairstogetaround.Butmostwheelchairsarehardtomoveonmanysurfaces.TheWhillModelCIisdifferent.Itisanewelectricwheelchair.Itcanclimbobstaclestwoincheshighandmovearoundintightspaces.Thewheelchaircanalsobetakenapartinminutes.Thismakesiteasytotransport.AllbirdsManyshoepartsarenoteco-friendly.AllbirdsistryingtochangethatItistestinganewmaterialcalledSweetFoam,whichismadefrompartsofthesugarcane(甘蔗)plantthatwouldbethrownaway.AllbirdshasstartedusingSweetFoaminalineofflip-flops(人字拖).Itplanstousethematerialinmoreofitsproductlines.WhoisAirafitfor?A.Laundryworkers. B.Blindpeople.C.Highschoolstudents. D.Serviceagents.What'stheaimofdesigningtheWhillModelCI?A.Todriveacareasily.B.Toreducetrafficaccidents.C.Toovercomeobstaclesinlife.D.Toofferthedisabledconvenience.Whichinventionsareenvironmentallyfriendly?A.AiraandtheWhillModelCI.B.TheWhillModelCIandAllbirds.C.3MSmog-reducingGranulesandAllbirds.D.Airaand3MSmog-reducingGranules.【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了《时代》杂志选出的几个改变我们生活、工作和娱乐方式的最佳发明。1.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Forpeoplewhoareblind,everydaytaskssuchaswalkingtoschoolordoinglaundrycanbetough.”可知，Aira适合盲人，故B项正确。2.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Itcanclimbobstaclestwoincheshighandmovearoundintightspaces.Thewheelchaircanalsobetakenapartinminutes.Thismakesiteasytotransport.”可知，WhillModelCI能爬上两英寸高的障碍物，在狭小的空间里活动。也可以在几分钟内拆卸，便于运输，由此可知，设计WhillModelCI的目的是为使用轮椅的残疾人提供方便，故D项正确。3.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“3Msmog-reducinggranules(微粒)，whichcanbreakdownsmoggranulesintheair.”和最后一段中的“Manyshoepartsarenoteco-friendly.Allbirdsistryingtochangethat”可知，3M减雾颗粒可以分解空气中的烟雾颗粒；Allbirds鞋的部件是环保的，由此可知它们两个是环保的，故C项正确。BOnesummerduringhighschool,mymomvolunteeredmetohelpGrandparesearchourfamilytree.Great,Ithought,imagininghoursspentpawingthroughdusty,rottingboxesandlisteningtoboringstoriesaboutpeopleIdidn'tknow."You'llbesurprised,"mymompromised,"Familyhistoriescanbeveryinteresting."Intruth,Grandpadidn'twanttolimitmyworktojustresearch,hopingtoalsopreserveourfamilymemories.He'ddiscoveredacomputerprogramthathelpsdigitallyscanoldpicturesandletterstopreservetheircontentsbeforetheycrumblefromoldage.Grandpawantedmetohelphimconnectthescannerandsetupthecomputerprogram.Hecouldtypedocumentsandsendemails,buthadneverusedascanner.Soonafter,Ibecamefascinatedwithmyrelatives'lives.IaskedGrandpatotellthestorybehindeverypictureandletterwescanned.Thestories,whichturnedoutnottobeboringatall,helpedmenotonlyunderstandbutalsorelatetomyrelatives.IbecamesohungryformoreinformationthatGrandpaneededadditionalpropstokeepmesatisfied.Heshowedmeachestfilledwithrandomstuff,allcoveredindust.Perusingthroughtheirbelongings,IfeltIwasopeningawindowintotheworldofmyrelatives,aworldlongsincegone.GrandpashowedmeabundleoflettershehadsenttoGrandmafromthefrontlinesofWorldWarIIandIcouldalmostsmellthegunpowder.Iturnedthepagesofmygreat-grandmother'srecipebookandcouldpicturehercookinginherkitchen.Allofthepeoplewhohadbeenmerelynamestomenowhadfacestomatch.Later,Grandpaadmitted,"Iprobablycouldhavedonethisprojectmyself.Ijustwantedsomeonetoshareitwith."Ican'tthankhimenoughforsharingtheexperienceandmakingmeappreciatethefamilymemberswhohavemademethepersonIam.Iwillcherishfamilymemoriesandhopethatsomedaywillbeabletopassthemdowntomyowngrandchildren.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor'sfirstimpressionofresearch?A.Delightful. B.Tiresome.C.Surprising. D.InterestingWhydidGrandpagivetheauthorachest?A.Toshowhimabundleofletters. B.Tokeephimawayfromboredom.C.Togivehimsomethingtosortout. D.Tofulfillhisdesiretoknowmore.WhatcanwelearnaboutGrandpafromthepassage?A.Heusedtoserveinthearmy. B.Heknewnothingaboutcomputer.C.Heburiedthelettersundergunpowder. D.Helovedsharingwhathehadwithothers.Thebesttitleofthepassageis_______.A.Preciousfamilymemories B.MygrandpaandhisbelongingsC.Mygrandpaandhisfamilytree D.Helpingmygrandpainsummer【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一个暑假和爷爷一起整理老照片，从刚开始讨厌做这样无聊的事到渴望了解更多过去的人的历史。作者会珍惜家庭的记忆，希望有一天能把它们传给自己的孙辈。4.B【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“imagininghoursspentpawingthroughdusty,rottingboxesandlisteningtoboringstoriesaboutpeopleIdidn'tknow.可知，最能描述作者对研究的第一印象是讨厌的。故选B。5.D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“IbecamesohungryformoreinformationthatGrandpaneededadditionalpropstokeepmesatisfied.Heshowedmeachestfilledwithrandomstuff,allcoveredindust.（可知，爷爷给了作者一个箱子满足他想知道更多的愿望。故选D。6.A【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“GrandpashowedmeabundleoflettershehadsenttoGrandmafromthefrontlinesofWorldWarIIandIcouldalmostsmellthegunpowder.可推知，爷爷曾经在军队服役。故选A。7.A【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其最后一段“Ican'tthankhimenoughforsharingtheexperienceandmakingmeappreciatethefamilymemberswhohavemademethepersonIam.Iwillcherishfamilymemoriesandhopethatsomedaywillbeabletopassthemdowntomyowngrandchildren.可知，文章讲述了作者在一个暑假和爷爷一起整理老照片，从刚开始讨厌做这样无聊的事到渴望了解更多过去的人的历史。作者会珍惜家庭的记忆，希望有一天能把它们传给自己的孙辈。A项：Preciousfamilymemories（珍贵的家庭回忆）符合题意。故选A。CAnewstudy,publishedinTheJournalofExperimentalPsychologyfoundthatcommunicationinteractionsthatincludedvoice,likeaphonecallorvideochat,createdstrongersocialbondsthancommunicationthroughtyping,liketextmessagingoremail.Inthestudy,researchersusedvariousexperimentstogauge(衡量)connectedness.Inone,theyasked200peopletomakepredictionsaboutwhatitwouldbeliketoreconnectwithanoldfriendbyemailorbyphoneandthenassignedpeopleatrandomtodooneortheother.Althoughpeoplepredictedthataphonecallwouldbemoreawkward,hearingsomeone'svoiceactuallymadetheexperiencebetter.However,peoplewhoparticipatedintheexperimentreportedthattheydidformasignificantlystrongerbondwiththeiroldfriendonthephoneversusemail,andtheydidnotfeelmoreawkward.Inanotherexperiment,theresearchershadstrangersconnectedbyeithertexting,talkingovervideochat,ortalkingusingonlyaudio.Theyfoundthatbothformsofvoicecommunication—whethervideooraudioonly—madethestrangersfeelsignificantlymoreconnectedthanwhentheycommunicatedthroughtext.SabrinaRomanoff,aHarvardtrainedclinicalpsychologistbasedinNewYorkCity,sayspeopletendtotextoremailinsteadofcallingbecauseofconvenience,astheyseeitasacontrolledformofcommunicationwheretheycan"correspondinformationexactlyinthewaytheyintendwithoutunexpectedadditionsbytheotherperson."Romanoffsaysthatinreality,textingcanmakeithardtodeterminethetruemeaningbehindaconversation.Aphonecallisactuallymoreconvenientwhenconsideringtheneteffectsofthemessage.Eachpartyismorepresent,andtherefore,abletogaugethemeaningbehindthecontentwithoutruminatingontheendlesspossiblemeaningsbehindwordsandpunctuation.Whatisthepurposeofthestudy?A.Toencouragepeopletolettheirfingersdothetalking.B.Tointroducetheeffectsofverbalandnon-verbalcommunications.C.Todemonstratethestrengthsandweaknessesofmakingphonecalls.D.Tocompareconnectednessofcommunicationthroughvoiceandtyping.Whichwaywillmakeyoufeelmoreconnectedifyoumissafriendfaraway?A.Typingaletter. B.Sendinganemail.C.Havingavideochat. D.Textingamessage.Whydopeopleprefertotextoremail?A.OthersformsaremuchlessconvenientB.Otherformscan’ttransmitinformationclearlyC.Peoplepaymuchattentiontothecost D.PeopleliketotalkwithoutunexpectedadditionsWhatadvantagedoesmakingphonecallsovertexting?A.Beingmoreformal. B.Beinglessawkward.C.Beingmorestraightforward. D.Beinglessexpensive【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一项研究发现，包括语音在内的交流互动，如电话或视频聊天，比打字，如短信或电子邮件，能产生更强的社会联系。文章还介绍了这项研究的开展过程以及研究发现。8.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Anewstudy,publishedinTheJournalofExperimentalPsychologyfoundthatcommunicationinteractionsthatincludedvoice,likeaphonecallorvideochat,createdstrongersocialbondsthancommunicationthroughtyping,liketextmessagingoremail.”以及第二段中“Inthestudy,researchersusedvariousexperimentstogaugeconnectedness可知选择D。9.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Inone,theyasked200peopletomakepredictionsaboutwhatitwouldbeliketoreconnectwithanoldfriendbyemailorbyphoneandthenassignedpeopleatrandomtodooneortheother.Althoughpeoplepredictedthataphonecallwouldbemoreawkward,hearingsomeone'svoiceactuallymadetheexperiencebetter可知，如果你想念远方的朋友，视频聊天这种方式会让你们感觉更亲近。故选C。10.D【解析】推理判断题。根据peopletendtotextoremailinsteadofcallingbecauseofconvenience,astheyseeitasacontrolledformofcommunicationwheretheycan"correspondinformationexactlyinthewaytheyintendwithoutunexpectedadditionsbytheotherperson可知，人们选择短信或邮件是由于其方便，并且是一种可控制的不受干扰的表达思想的方式。故选D。11.C【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Romanoffsaysthatinreality,textingcanmakeithardtodeterminethetruemeaningbehindaconversation.Aphonecallisactuallymoreconvenientwhenconsideringtheneteffectsofthemessage.Eachpartyismorepresent,andtherefore,abletogaugethemeaningbehindthecontentwithoutruminatingontheendlesspossiblemeaningsbehindwordsandpunctuation.可知，相比发短信，打电话的优势在于更直截了当。故选C。DBrownbearshavestoppedeatingsalmon(鲑鱼)infavorofelderberriesafterbeingforcedtomakeachoiceduetoclimatechange.Warmingtemperaturesmeanthattheberriesareripeningearlierthanusual,atexactlythesametimeasthefreshwaterstreamsonAlaska’sKodiakIslandareoverflowingwithsalmon.Theisland’sbrownbearstypicallyfeedfirstonsalmoninearlysummer,followedbyelderberrieslaterintheseason,inlateAugustandSeptember.“Whatyouhaveisascramblingoftheschedule,”saidWilliamDeacy,abiologistatOregonStateUniversitythatstudiedthephenomenon.“It’sessentiallylikeifbreakfastandlunchwereservedatthesametimeandthenthereisnothingtoeatuntildinner.Youhavetochoosebetweenbreakfastandlunchbecauseyoucanonlyeatsomuchatatime.”Thestudyfoundthatduringtheunusuallywarmsummerof2014,thebears,whichwouldtraditionallykillupto75percentofthesalmon,werenowheretobeseennearthestreams.Instead,theywereinthehillsbusymunchingonberries,whichcontainlessproteinandthereforetakelessenergytobreakdown,causingthemtogainweightmorequickly.Biologistswarnedthatchangescausedbyawarmingplanetwerebehindthebears’unusualbehaviorandcouldaffecttheentireecosystem.Theresearchersfoundthattheforestsaroundthestreamssufferedbecausethebears’fishcarcasses(残骸)werenolongertheretoenrichthesoil.“Bearsswitchedfromeatingsalmontoelderberries,disturbinganecologicallinkthattypicallyfertilizestheecosystemsandgenerateshighdeathratesforsalmon，”thestudysaid.Onaverage,redelderberriesaresaidtoberipeningtwoandahalfdaysearliereverydecade.Ifthepatterncontinues,theywillregularlyoverlap(重叠)withthesalmonby2070.Brownbearshavebeguntofavor________becauseoftheclimatechange.A.salmonB.elderberriesC.warmtemperaturesD.freshwaterWhatdoesWilliamDeacymeanbysayingtheunderlinedsentence?A.Brownbearseattheirbreakfastandlunchatthesametime.B.We’refacingahardproblemwithchoosingthemeals.C.Climatechangeisdisturbingthebears’eatinghabits.D.People’sbiologicalclocksarechangingregularly.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribethephenomenon?A.Natural.B.Unusual.C.Amazing.D.Typical.Thefindingofthestudyshowsusthat________.A.brownbearsmaybecomebiggerandbiggerB.therewillbeahigherdeathrateforthesalmonC.redelderberrieswillprobablyberipeninginsummerD.thechangesofbears’behaviorcouldaffecttheentireecosystem【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了棕熊行为的变化是受到气候变化的影响，同时棕熊行为的变化也会影响整个生态系统。12.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Brownbearshavestoppedeatingsalmoninfavorofelderberriesafterbeingforcedtomakeachoiceduetoclimatechange.(由于气候变化，棕熊被迫做出选择，已经停止食用鲑鱼，而青睐于浆果。)”可知，由于气候变化，棕熊现在喜欢吃浆果。故选B项。13.C【解析】词义猜测题。本句的字面意思是“你所拥有的是时间表的混乱。”再根据下一段“It’sessentiallylikeifbreakfastandlunchwereservedatthesametimeandthenthereisnothingtoeatuntildinner.Youhavetochoosebetweenbreakfastandlunchbecauseyoucanonlyeatsomuchatatime.(这好比是早餐和中餐一起吃，你一次只能吃那么多，所以你只能吃一餐。)”可知，此处的“时间表”指的是饮食方面。所以可以猜测出WilliamDeacy说这句话的意思是“气候变化正在扰乱熊的饮食习惯”，也就是熊的行为受到了气候变化的影响，与文章开头相呼应。故选C项。14.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第六段“Biologistswarnedthatchangescausedbyawarmingplanetwerebehindthebears’unusualbehaviorandcouldaffecttheentireecosystem.(生物学家警告说，由变暖的环境引起的变化是熊不寻常行为的背后原因，并可能影响整个生态系统。)”可知，生物学家认为熊的这种行为是不寻常的。另外，根据文章可知这种现象又是以前没有的，所以我们可以推断出，棕熊的行为变化的这种现象是不同寻常的。故选B项。15.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第六段“Biologistswarnedthatchangescausedbyawarmingplanetwerebehindthebears’unusualbehaviorandcouldaffecttheentireecosystem.(生物学家警告说，由变暖的环境引起的变化是熊不寻常行为的背后原因，并可能影响整个生态系统。)”然后，文章又在接下来的两段里举例说明了熊行为的变化是如何影响整个生态系统的。所以可知，这个研究发现向我们展示了：熊行为的变化可能会影响整个生态系统。故选D项。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyouworkhardtohaveapositiveattitude,youmightbesurprisedbyhowmuchbetteryoufeelaboutyourselfandlifeingeneral.___16___Thelessstressyoufeel,thebetteryouwillfeelgenerally.Soifyou’vebeenfeelingtired,thinkaboutthegood,putonahappyfaceandyoujustmightfeelbettersoon.Buthowcanyouhaveapositiveattitudewhenlifeishard?It’smorethanjustturninglife’slemonsintolemonade.___17___Butit’sworthit.Herearesomewaysyoucandevelopandmaintainapositiveattitudeeveninthemidstoflife’stroubles.___18___Itjustmeansbeinganoptimistandlookingforthegoodinthings,ratherthanbeingapessimist(悲观者)andfocusingonthebadinthings.Sometimesyourviewcanmakeallthedifferenceintheworld.Identifythoseareasofyourlifethatmightnotbegoingsowell.___19___Focusononeareaatatimeandthinkofwaysyoucanfindthepositiveinthem.Smileandlaugh!Yes,itcanbethatsimple.Learntolovelife,nomatterwhat’sgoingon.Smileatothersandtheywillsmilebackatyou.___20___Sometimeslaughterreallyisthebestmedicine.Exercise!Getoffthecouchandgetmoving.Beingactiveandhealthycangiveyouacompletelydifferentattitudetolife.A.Havefunandfindthehumorinlife.B.Youmayfindithardtostaypositiveinyourlife.C.Havingapositiveattitudecantakesomehardwork.D.Apositiveattitudedoesn’tmeantakingnonoticeoflife’stroubles.E.Havingapositiveattitudecanalsoreduceyourstresslevel.F.Thesearetheareaslikelytomakeyouthinknegativethoughts.G.Gotobedearliersoyougetthesleepyouneedtofeelpositive.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了积极向上的生活态度会给我们带来很多好处，并提出了四个让我们养成积极向上的生活态度的建议。16.E【详解】横线前句告诉我们：如果我们态度积极，那么我们就会非常自信。后句涉及到压力的话题。本句应该介绍积极向上的态度对压力的影响。E项Havingapositiveattitudecanalsoreduceyourstresslevel.(积极的态度能够减少我们的压力)很好地把上下文串联在一起。故选E。17.C【详解】横线前句It’smorethanjustturninglife’slemonsintolemonade.告诉我们积极的态度不只是把柠檬变成柠檬水这么简单。C项Havingapositiveattitudecantakesomehardwork.(拥有积极的态度需要付出努力)能够承接上文。故选C。18.D【详解】横线后句Itjustmeansbeinganoptimistandlookingforthegoodinthings告诉我们积极向上意味着我们要乐观向上并寻找生活中美好的事情。D项Apositiveattitudedoesn’tmeantakingnonoticeoflife’stroubles.(积极向上不意味着忽视生活中的困境)是对积极向上内涵的解释，符合此处语境。故选D。19.F【详解】横线前句Identify(确认)thoseareasofyourlifethatmightnotbegoingsowell.要求我们要列出生活中不美好的事物，这些事物最可能让我们产生消极思想。F项Thesearetheareaslikelytomakeyouthinknegativethoughts.(这些方面可能会让你产生消极的想法)与本段中心思想一致。故选F。20.A【详解】本段的主题是Smileandlaugh!建议我们对生活保持微笑。要从生活中找到快乐和幽默。且A项Havefunandfindthehumorinlife.(享受生活，发现生活中的幽默)和横线后句Sometimeslaughterreallyisthebestmedicine.(有时候笑真的是最好的药)相吻合。故选A。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Haveyouevernoticedthefollowingthing?Whentwocolleaguesprepareforidenticalpresentations,the21oftheworkisthesame,butoneworksbetter?MortenHansenhassucha(n)22personalexperience.“WhenIwasinacompanyinLondon,Iworkedreallyhardandtriedto23,”hesays.“AndIdid.ButIfoundmycolleaguesworkingmore24thanIwas,andtheyalsoperformedbetterthoughtheydidless.Thatmademeconfused.”The25stayedwithhimandhe26tofindtheanswers.Hecarriedoutastudy,surveyingmorethan5,00027overfiveyearstofigureouthowtheyworked,andwhat28workingpatternhadontheirperformance.Afterthedatawasanalyzed,somesurprisingconclusionsappeared.“Wealwaysthinkthatbydoingmore,wewill29more,”hesays.“Actually,whatwe’vefoundisthattopperformersdothe30andtheyareveryselective.Theydoless,andthentheyexcelinthosefewthingsandthat'showthey31therest.It'salmostacontraryviewonhowyouaresupposedto32andbehave.”Dolesstoperformbetter-thatindeedhasits33.Butwhatifyourbossdoesn't34itandkeepspilingonthework?Just35itinanappropriatemannerandyou'llfindthatyou'remorecapableofdoingyourjob.21.A.staff B.nature C.pattern. D.amount22.A.similar B.worthless C.professional D.opposite23.A.understand B.succeed C.relax D.cooperate24.A.positively B.carefully C.efficiently D.patiently25.A.secret B.moral. C.doubt D.faith26.A.resolved B.hesitated C.seemed D.failed27.A.minors B.interviews C.employees D.accidents28.A.impression B.judgement C.comment D.impact29.A.achieve B.budget C.apply. D.satisfy30.A.extra B.familiar C.rough D.opposite.31.A.adore B.outperform C.interfere D.uncover32.A.correspond B.analyze C.explain D.work33.A.tradition B.appeal C.condition D.weakness.34.A.treat B.guarantee C.buy D.manage35.A.turndown B.keepoff C.putupwith D.makeuseof【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者结合MortenHansen的个人经历和调查研究发现：人们在少做一些事的情况下，精力更集中，效率更高，而且会把事情做得更好。【答案解析】21-25BABCC26-30ACDAD31-35BDBCA【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：句意：当两个同事准备相同的展示时，工作的性质是一样的，但一个工作更好？A.staff员工；B.nature性质；C.pattern模式；D.amount数量,金额。根据该空前的“identicalpresentations(相同的展示)”可知，两人的工作性质（nature）相同，但其中一人完成得更好。故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：莫顿·汉森有着类似的个人经历。A.similar类似的；B.worthless没用的，无价值的；C.professional专业的；D.opposite相反的。根据下文““WhenIwasinacompanyinLondon,Iworkedreallyhardandtriedto,”hesays.“AndIdid.ButIfoundmycolleaguesworkingmorethanIwas”可知，MortenHansen也有类似的（similar）个人经历，即努力做了相同的事情，但同事的表现更出色。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“当我在伦敦的一家公司里，我非常努力，力图去成功”他说。A.understand理解；B.succeed成功；C.relax放松；D.cooperate合作。根据下文“AndIdid.ButIfoundmycolleaguesworkingmorethanIwas,andtheyalsoperformedbetterthoughtheydidless”可知，此处指他努力工作并力图成功（succeed），但是一些同事的表现更出色。故选B项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是我发现我的同事比我工作效率高，他们也表现得更好，尽管他们做得更少。A.positively积极地；B.carefully仔细地；C.efficiently高效地；D.patiently耐心地。根据下文“andtheyalsoperformedbetterthoughtheydidless.Thatmademeconfused.””可知，MortenHansen发现同事虽然事情做得少，但是工作更高效率（efficiently），工作完成得也比他好。故选C项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：疑惑一直伴随着他，他决心找到答案。A.secret秘密；B.moral道德；C.doubt疑惑；D.faith信仰。根据上文中的“Thatmademeconfused”可知，这使他很困惑，这个疑惑一直困扰着他，于是，他下决心去找答案。故选C项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：疑惑一直伴随着他，他决心找到答案。A.resolved坚定，下定决心；B.hesitated犹豫了一下；C.seemed似乎；D.failed失败。根据上文中的“Thatmademeconfused”可知，这使他很困惑，这个疑惑一直困扰着他，于是，他下定决心（resolved）去找答案。故选A项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他进行了一项研究，对5000多名员工进行了为期五年的调查，以了解他们是如何工作的，以及工作模式对他们业绩的影响。A.minors未成年人；B.interviews面试；C.employees员工；D.accidents事故。根据该空后“howtheyworked,andwhatworkingpatternhadontheirperformance.”可知，作者开展了一项研究，在五年多的时间里调查了5000多名员工（employees）。故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他进行了一项研究，对5000多名员工进行了为期五年的调查，以了解他们是如何工作的，以及工作模式对他们业绩的影响。A.impression印象；B.judgement判断；C.comment评论；D.impact影响。根据该空后“workingpatternhadontheirperformance.”可知，MortenHansen想知道他们的工作方式对他们的工作表现有何影响。固定短语haveimpacton意为“对某人或事物有影响”。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说：“我们总是认为，通过做更多的事情，我们会取得更多的成就。”A.achieve取得，达到；B.budget预算；C.apply申请；适用；D.satisfy满足。根据上文“Wealwaysthinkthatbydoingmore”可推知，我们总以为只要做得多，我们就能取得（achieve）更大的成就。故选A项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我们发现，表现最好的人做的恰恰相反，而且他们非常有选择性。A.extra额外的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.rough粗糙的；D.opposite相反的。根据下文“It’salmostacontraryviewonhowyouaresupposedtoandbehave.””可知，恰恰相反（opposite），对于应该如何工作，这几乎是一种相反的观点，工作中表现最佳的人并没有兼顾很多事，他们做事是有选择的。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们做的越少，然后他们在这几件事上表现出色，这就是他们如何超越其他人的原因。A.adore喜欢；B.outperform超越，胜过；C.interfere干扰；D.uncover揭开。根据“andthentheyexcelinthosefewthings”可知，这些人在工作中表现好的人做得少而精，这就是他们超越（outperform）其他人的原因。故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于你应该如何工作和行为，这几乎是一种相反的观点。A.correspond对应；B.analyze分析；C.explain解释；D.work工作。根据上段中的“…howtheyworked,andwhatworkingpatternhadontheirperformance.”可知，这个研究结果对于人们应该如何工作（work），如何表现来说，是一个相反的观点。故选D项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：少做些事来做得更好——这确实有它的吸引力。A.tradition传统；B.appeal吸引力；C.condition条件；D.weakness弱点。根据上文“Dolesstoperformbetter-thatindeed”可知，少做事就能表现得更好，这个说法当然有其吸引力（appeal）。故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是如果你的老板不买账，而且继续堆积工作给你呢？A.treat治疗；B.guarantee保证；C.buy买；D.manage管理，应付。根据下文“keepspilingonthework”可知，此处指如果老板并不买（buy）账，即不相信少做事就能表现得更好，并不断地把工作推给你。故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：只要以适当的方式拒绝它，你就会发现你更有能力做你的工作。A.turndown拒绝；B.keepoff请勿，不接近；C.putupwith忍受；D.makeuseof利用。根据上文“Theydoless,andthentheyexcelinthosefewthingsandthat’showtheytherest.”可知，有些人做的更少可以在这几件事上表现出色，是他们如何超越其他人的原因。所以要想做的更好，面对老板的发难，应该以恰当的方式拒绝（turndown）一些工作。故选A项。第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chopsticks,orkuaiziinChinese,areapairofsmallequal-lengthsticks,usuallymadeofwoodand41.(use)foreatingAsianfood.Itisbelievedthatthefirstchopsticks42.(develop)over5,000yearsagoinChina.Chopsticksplay43.importantroleinChinesefoodculture.Chinesechopsticksareusually9to1044.(inch)long.Theyareroundontheeatingendwhichsymbolizes(象征)heaven,45.theotherendissquarewhichsymbolizesEarth.Chopsticksaresofrequentlyusedindailylifethatthey46.(become)morethanakindofeatingtoolseversincealongtimeago.Theyservemanyotherfunctions.Forexample,youcanbuyapairofbeautifulchopsticks47.agiftforyourfriendsandrelatives.InChinese,“chopsticks”reads“kuaizi”,whichmeanstohavesonssoon,soanewly-marriedcouplewillbeveryhappytoacceptchopsticksastheirweddinggift.48.(skill)artistspaintbeautifulsceneryonchopstickstomakethemlikefineartwork.Manypeopleenjoy49.(collect)theseelegantutensils(用具).50.isimportanttonotethatchopsticksareusedinmanydifferentcultures.Theprinciplesofchopsticketiquette(礼节)aresimilarinmanyoftheseplaces.Generally,chopsticksarenotusedtomakenoise,ortodrawattention.【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在中国饮食文化中起着重要作用的筷子，介绍了筷子的特征、功能和寓意等。【答案解析】41.used【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：筷子是一对等长的小棍子，通常由木头制成，在亚洲用来吃饭。分析句子结构可知use在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语Chopsticks构成被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填used。42.weredeveloped【解析】考查时态语态。句意：人们认为筷子最早是在在5000多年前由中国人发明的。根据时间状语“over5,000yearsago“”可知应用一般过去时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为chopsticks，谓语动词用复数，故填weredeveloped。43.an【解析】考查冠词。句意：筷子在中国饮食文化中起着重要作用。playa(n)...rolein表示“在某方面起着……样的作用”，important的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。44.inches【解析】考查名词的数。句意：中国人使用的筷子通常有9到10英寸长。inch为可数名词，由9to10修饰应用复数。故填inches。45.and【解析】考查连词。句意：夹菜的一端是圆的，象征着天堂，另一端是方的，象征着大地。结合上下文语境可知前后文为并列关系，故应用连词and，故填and。46.havebecome【解析】考查动词时态。句意：筷子在日常生活中使用如此频繁，很久以前就不仅仅是一种吃饭的工具了。根据时间状语“eversincealongtimeago”（很久以前到现在）可知应用现在完成时，主语为they，助动词用have。故填havebecome。47.as【解析】考查介词。句意：例如，你可以买一双漂亮的筷子作为礼物送给你的朋友和亲戚。结合句意“作为礼物”可知应用介词as。故填as。48.Skillful【解析】考查形容词。句意：技艺精湛的艺术家在筷子上画上美丽的风景，使筷子像精美的艺术品。修饰名词artists应用形容词skillful，作定语，表示“熟练的”,句首单词首字母要大写。故填Skillful。49.collecting【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多人喜欢收集这些精美的餐具。enjoydoingsth表示“喜欢做某事”，故填collecting。50.It【解析】考查it用法。句意：值得注意的是，筷子在许多不同的文化中都被使用。表示“做某事很重要”句型为itisimportanttodosth.，it作形式主语，后面的不定式是真正的主语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填It。第三部分写作（共两节,满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）假定你是李华,你的美国朋友Jamie来信说他对中国传统文学非常感兴趣,但在阅读时遇到了困难,比如,很多汉字不认识,读不懂文章的意思等,希望得到你的帮助。请给他回信,内容包括:

1.表示理解并给予安慰;

2.提出建议。注意:

1.词数100左右,开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。DearJamie,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Bestwishes!Yourssincerely,LiHua【答案解析】参考范文DearJamie,

Iammorethanglad